Page 1 ✦ GPS Chart Navigator Operations and Reference Manual P/N GM1700 Revision D...
Page 2 Call your Northstar dealer or Northstar for instructions. During the unit's warranty period, Northstar will repair or replace, at its option, any part of the unit it finds to be defective due to faulty material(s) or workmanship. All such repairs and/or replacements will be promptly performed by Northstar free-of-charge to the owner, excluding freight costs incurred in shipping to the factory.
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Contents List of Figures ................vii List of Tables .
Page 4 Understanding the Chart Screen ............4-1 Understanding electronic charts .
Page 5 Editing a route ............8-17 Erasing a route.
Page 6 Service and Maintenance Functions ..........14-1 Service functions .
Page 7: List Of Figures
List of Figures Figure 1: 961 function keys ..........1-15 Figure 2: 961 controls .
Page 8 Page viii 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 9: List Of Tables
Table 1: Contacting Northstar ........
Page 10 Page x 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 11: List Of 961 Screens
List of 961 Screens Initial startup screen ............1-8 System test screen .
Page 12 Chart view B with two info bars ..........4-14 Chart screen with cursor info bar .
Page 13 Create new route dialog box ...........8-13 Edit new route screen .
Page 14 Chart screen with tide graph and tide station bar....... 12-10 Chart screen with current stations and station coverage bar .
Page 15: Quick Start
Quick Start Welcome ........1-2 Technical support ......1-6 Turning the 961 on .
Page 16: Welcome
Wherever you are, the 961 helps guide you effortlessly to your next location. The 961X uses an internal, high-performance GPS receiver as its primary source of position data. Your vessel’s position, course-over-ground...
Page 17 Exercise caution and good judgment whenever underway. CAUTION! Proper installation of your Northstar 961 is of utmost impor- tance to accurately receive and effectively use GPS signals under a variety of weather conditions. To get the best per-...
Page 18 Chapter 1 - Quick Start ence Manual is a complete guide to understanding and operat- ing the Northstar 961 GPS chart navigator. Each of the 961’s functions is discussed in the appropriate chapter of the man- ual. The manual complements the 961’s ease-of-use by describing and illustrating these functions in a reference for- mat that promotes quick learning—no matter what your level...
Page 19 Chapter 1 - Quick Start Chapters 13 and 14 describe customizing the setup of your 961—including the loading of charts—and the maintenance and service procedures, respectively. A comprehensive glos- sary is found at the back of the manual, as is the appendix with the specifications for the 961, its GPS and DGPS antenna (if applicable), and the optional internal DGPS receiver.
Page 20: Technical Support
Technical support After you follow the instructions in this manual, if you need technical support or if you have any other questions, you can contact Northstar by email, fax, phone, or U.S. mail as follows: Table 1: Contacting Northstar Email Service: service@northstarcmc.com...
Page 21 961 users. Send your questions, comments, or suggestions about this manual to: service@northstarcmc.com In case of an operating problem with your Northstar 961, you Service and repair may contact your dealer or return the unit to the Northstar factory for diagnosis and repair.
Page 22: Turning The 961 On
30 Sudbury Road Acton, MA 01720 If you have special overnight or second-day shipping require- ments (UPS or Federal Express), please call the Northstar fac- tory for turnaround time and freight costs before shipping your 961. Refer to the Limited Warranty Policy at the front of this man- ual, and to Chapter 14 (Service and Maintenance Functions) of this manual for more details about service procedures.
Page 23 Chapter 1 - Quick Start After the INITIAL STARTUP screen, the 961 automatically dis- plays the SYSTEM TEST screen for about 10 seconds. System test screen After the SYSTEM TEST screen, the 961 automatically displays the OWNER’S MESSAGE screen for about 10 seconds. To cre- ate a personal owner’s message, such as the owner’s name and the name of the vessel, see ”System security”...
Page 24 Chapter 1 - Quick Start Owner’s message screen After the OWNER’S MESSAGE screen, the 961 automatically displays the ADVISORY MESSAGE screen, warning you not to rely solely on the 961’s chart cartography for safe navigation. Advisory message screen Page 1-10 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev.
Page 25 Chapter 1 - Quick Start 2. To proceed, accept the ADVISORY MESSAGE by pressing any key. If chart CDs for your geographical area have already been installed onto the 961’s hard drive, and after the unit acquires GPS signals, you’ll see your vessel symbol cen- tered on the CHART screen at your present position.
Page 26: Turning The 961 Off
Chapter 1 - Quick Start If you don’t touch any key on the control head for one hour or About the display’s more, its LCD screen automatically dims to about half its nor- brightness mal brightness (based on its current brightness), if required by the system.
Page 27: Basic Navigation Terminology
Chapter 1 - Quick Start Basic navigation terminology If you’re new to navigation, before proceeding you may want to review the basic navigation terms on the following page in Highlight One. It is suggested that you review these terms carefully because many of them are used in a very specific way in this manual.
Page 28: Highlight One: Basic Navigation Terms
Chapter 1 - Quick Start Highlight One: Basic navigation terms Bearing: The true or magnetic course from your Longitude: Imaginary lines on the earth’s sur- present position to a waypoint face running north/south, expressed as the number of degrees (0 to 180) east or west of the Coordinates: Coordinates specify a location on the Prime Meridian, a line running from the North earth’s surface using latitude and longitude (see...
Page 29: Introducing The Function Keys
A and B) showing your position on the chart, information about the chart-in-use, all the data you need to navigate, tides (using Northstar’s exclusive TideTrack™ feature), and currents overlay. You can create and store new way- points, avoidance points, and routes at these screens, and view existing waypoints, avoidance points, and routes.
Page 30: Using The Chart-View Screens
Chapter 1 - Quick Start • WAYPTS/ROUTES displays four different screens for list- ing, adding, going to, editing, searching, and sorting your waypoints, routes, tracks, and avoidance points. • STAR displays three different screens showing alarms and their status (this screen is always shown first); setup func- tions that include how to customize your display screen and load and delete charts;...
Page 31 Chapter 1 - Quick Start Using chart views A and B The 961 has two CHART screens, called chart views, desig- nated by either VIEW A or VIEW B in the upper right-hand cor- ner of the view. Chart view B offers the same chart-view functions as chart view A.
Page 32 Chapter 1 - Quick Start +44 (0)1823 723366 or visit the UKHO’s website at www.ukho.gov.uk (click on the “charts” link) for a list of world- wide Admiralty Charts and Publications agents/distributors. For further details about acquiring and using these charts, see ”Navigational chart CDs”...
Page 33 Chapter 1 - Quick Start Water depths The small box in the lower left-hand corner shows how water depths (spot soundings) are shown on the currently displayed chart—in feet, meters, or fathoms. These are the numbers from the paper version of the chart; accordingly, you can’t change these units of measurements.
Page 34 Chapter 1 - Quick Start The CHART screen is controlled by six menu keys that are Introducing the located in a vertical row to the right of the display screen. Each chart screen’s menu of these keys controls a function to its left: keys •...
Page 35 Chapter 1 - Quick Start To set up your CHART screen to display position coordinates as loran TDs in addition to lat/lon, see ”Changing the chart setup” starting on page 13-23. To show your position coordinates and other navigational data on the CHART screen, press either of the two INFO keys (the second INFO key will appear only after you press the INFO key at the bottom of the screen): Several forms of numeric naviga-...
Page 36: Navigating To A Point
Chapter 1 - Quick Start (ETE) in hours and minutes. The 961 also displays the placement of your vessel relative to the desired track. 5. the name and number of the chart in use, its originator and manufacturer, source date, and chart datum. 6.
Page 37 Chapter 1 - Quick Start The distance and bearing to the cursor location, as well as its lat/lon coordinates, are automatically displayed in the CURSOR INFO BAR at the bottom of the screen. Chart screen with cursor location info bar (To return to showing your vessel in the center of the chart, press the bottom-right VESSEL key at any time.) 2.
Page 38 Chapter 1 - Quick Start Selected cursor position dialog box 3. To navigate directly to the coordinates, press the GO NOW key (or press the CANCEL key to cancel). The 961 returns to the CHART screen, and displays a dashed green line—the “desired track”—from your vessel to the new waypoint, automatically named COORD.
Page 39 Chapter 1 - Quick Start Chart screen with coord waypoint To display an INFO BAR showing your SOG and COG, lat/ lon coordinates, GRI and TDs, distance and bearing to the active waypoint, and details about the chart-in-use, press either of the INFO keys. (Reminder: A second INFO key will be present only after you press the INFO key at the bottom of the screen.) To clear an INFO BAR from the CHART screen, press and hold its INFO key until the INFO...
Page 40 Chapter 1 - Quick Start Option 2 — Entering coordinates Your second option for navigating to a point is to enter numeric coordinates as lat/lon, Loran-C TDs, or distance and bearing, as follows: 1. From the CHART screen, press the GO TO key. The GO TO COORDINATES dialog box appears.
Page 41: Reading And Clearing Alarm Messages
Chapter 1 - Quick Start 3. To navigate directly to the new coordinates, press the GO NOW key (or press the CANCEL key to cancel). The 961 returns to the CHART screen, and displays a green line—the “desired track”—to the new waypoint, automatically named COORD.
Page 42 Chapter 1 - Quick Start 1. Press the STAR key. The alarm message with its corresponding time and date is shown in the NEW ALARMS box. The word NEW means that you haven’t acknowledged the alarm message or the message hasn’t self-cleared. 2.
Page 43: Introducing The 961
Introducing the 961 System overview ......2-2 Introducing the 961’s controls ... . . 2-7 Entering data .
Page 44: System Overview
• one-second update of position, speed, and heading • data available in any weather—24 hours a day For the best in GPS accuracy, the Northstar 961XD features an DGPS features internal, two-channel DGPS receiver that accepts DGPS signal (961XD only) corrections from shore-based transmitters called beacons.
Page 45 Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 • nearby waypoints • lat/lon in large, easy-to-read numbers • loran TDs (and Group Repetition Interval, or GRI) • speed-over-ground (SOG) and course-over-ground (COG) • distance and bearing to the active waypoint, if any •...
Page 46 Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 • 1.44-MB floppy disk drive (for backing up and restoring data) • 100-MB Zip drive (optional replacement for floppy drive) The 961’s CHART screens maximize usability by including Chart-screen such features as an overhead view, fast chart redraw, an LCD features screen with easy-to-read numbers, and a plotter function for up-close navigation.
Page 47 CDs for the regions where you plan to travel. Further- more, new electronic charts are very likely to be far more cur- rent than your paper charts. Northstar recommends that you acquire electronic charts, although it is possible to use the 961 and navigate without them.
Page 48 Purchasing charts To obtain BSB charts, contact your authorized Northstar dealer or call Maptech at 978/933-3000 or NDI at 800/563-0634. To obtain ARCS charts or detailed information about ARCS charts, you can either call ARCS Customer Services at +44 (0)1823 723366 or visit the UKHO’s website at...
Page 49: Introducing The 961'S Controls
Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 as well as much of the western Canadian coastline. You can view tides for today or any other date you choose. For more about viewing tides, see ”Viewing tide-station data” starting on page 4-10; for full details about TideTrack, see ”Understanding the TideTrack function”...
Page 50: Figure 2: 961 Controls
Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 Figure 2: 961 controls The following keys comprise the 961’s controls: • PWR key • CHART, STAR, STEER, TRIP, WAYPTS/ROUTES (the five “function” keys briefly described in Chapter One; see ”Introducing the function keys” starting on page 1-15.) •...
Page 51: Entering Data
Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 The alphanumeric KEYPAD is described below, since you may need to understand the data entry process before you start entering position coordinates, waypoint names, and so on. For a detailed description of the remaining controls, see ”Using the Controls”...
Page 52: Caring For The 961
Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 For other numerical entries that vary in length, such as dis- tance, you enter numbers from the right side of the data entry area. To correct data entry mistakes, press the LEFT ARROW key to move the cursor back one position at a time, or press the RIGHT ARROW key to move the cursor ahead one position at a time.
Page 53 Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 The following information will help you maintain your 961’s Basic maintenance high performance level: • keep fingerprints off the display screen (remove any prints with a lens cleaning cloth) • don’t scratch the display by scraping a sandy or salty cloth across it •...
Page 54: About Interfacing The 961
Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 off. When wiping the window, always use a damp cloth or a dry, clean, microfiber-type lens cleaning cloth. To dissolve any oil or grease on the screen, use a small amount of window cleaner or alcohol.
Page 55: Introducing Gps And Dgps
Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 For details on interfacing the 961, see the Northstar 961 GPS Chart Navigator Installation Manual. Introducing GPS and DGPS This section introduces the GPS and DGPS navigation systems, and describes how these systems relate to the Northstar 961. If you’re new to navigation, you may begin using your 961 with-...
Page 56 Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 GPS’s major advantage over all other commercially-available Absolute and navigation systems, including loran, is its all-weather, world- repeatable accuracy wide availability, and its absolute accuracy. (Those readers interested in loran should see ”Understanding Loran-C” start- ing on page 5-7.) Absolute accuracy refers to the ability of a navigation device to determine your actual lat/lon coordinates on the surface of the earth, as compared to position data deter-...
Page 57 Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 These differential corrections are generated by fixed reference Differential GPS stations, and then broadcast by marine radiobeacons over a corrections relatively limited area—usually a maximum broadcast radius of 250 miles in any direction—to differential-capable GPS (DGPS) receivers.
Page 58 Chapter 2 - Introducing the 961 Page 2-16 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 59 Menu keys ....... 3-32 his chapter describes all of the Northstar 961's controls in detail, except for the alphanumeric KEYPAD—for this informa-...
Page 60: Using The Controls
Chapter 3 - Using the Controls More navigation terminology Some users who are new to navigation may find unfamiliar terms in this chapter; these terms have a special meaning throughout the manual. Highlight Two defines several naviga- tion expressions with which experienced navigators may already be familiar.
Page 61: Pwr Key
Chapter 3 - Using the Controls PWR key Pressing the PWR key turns the 961 system (the control head Turning the system or heads and the processor) on and off. on and off Turning the system on To turn the 961 on: 1.
Page 62 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls 2. To proceed, accept the ADVISORY MESSAGE by pressing any of the five function keys. If chart CDs for your geographical area have been installed onto the 961’s hard drive, and after the unit acquires GPS signals, you’ll see your vessel symbol cen- tered on the CHART screen at your present position.
Page 63: Function Keys
Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Power-off dialog box 2. To turn off only the head where you pressed the PWR key, press the THIS HEAD key. Otherwise, to turn off the entire system including the processor, press the BOTH HEADS key.
Page 64 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls screen and re-enter the data that you lost when you pressed the function key. To purposely cancel an edit-in-progress, however, CANCEL you’d normally press the key. Use the CHART key to display a chart-view screen showing CHART key your position.
Page 65 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Chart screen with menu keys Use the GO TO key to: • go to new coordinates now • add new coordinates to the end of your trip • restart your track to the active waypoint, if necessary Use the NEW CHART key to: •...
Page 66 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Use the OVERLAY key to: • view the NOAA tide station overlay on the CHART screen and view 24 hours of graphical tide data for a chosen date • view the currents overlay on the CHART screen and view 24 hours of currents data for a chosen date Use the CLEAR key to: •...
Page 67 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls 2. Setup functions 3. Service functions Alarms The ALARMS screen shows any new alarms waiting to be viewed and cleared; a history of old alarms already viewed and cleared; current alarm settings (alarms turned on or off) and distance settings (for example, a 0.15-nm waypoint arrival radius);...
Page 68 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls ually clear most alarms, if desired. This key only appears if there are new alarms present. • Use the CHANGE SETTINGS key to turn an alarm on or off, or to change the alarm distance. •...
Page 69 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Even if you’re not actually looking at the 961, the alarm audio sounds, reminding you to check the unit for alarm messages. For full details about the 961’s alarm function, see ”Under- standing alarms” starting on page 12-2. Setup menu The SETUP MENU screen offers six options to customize your 961, including display, navigation, and chart setup;...
Page 70 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls information about these options, see ”Changing the dis- play setup” starting on page 13-2. • Use the NAVIGATION SETUP key to set the geodetic datum reference to auto or manual (if set to manual, choose from a list of 150 datums), preferred loran GRI, automatic or manual waypoint switching, automatic or manual calculation of magnetic variation (or else true...
Page 71 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Service menu The SERVICE MENU screen uses five menu keys—PRODUCT INFORMATION, RECEIVER SETUP, PORT SETUP, GPS STA- TUS, and DATABASES AND LOG—to control service func- tions: Service menu screen • Use the PRODUCT INFORMATION key to view such infor- mation as the serial number and software revision of the 961’s control head(s) and processor, as well as the self-test status and software revision of the GPS and beacon...
Page 72 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls • Use the PORT SETUP key to configure the four I/O ports as required for any devices that you’ll interface to the 961, and to enable Pulses Per Nautical Mile (PPNM). For more technical information about these options, see the North- star 961 GPS Chart Navigator Installation Manual.
Page 73 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls • Use the RESTART HERE key to restart the track line to the active waypoint (XTE becomes zero) so that your present position becomes the initial track point (your ves- sel will subsequently follow any remaining waypoints in the trip).
Page 74 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls present position to the active waypoint. SOG, COG, ETA, and ETE are shown numerically. If you’re navigating to a waypoint, the 3D STEER screen dis- plays your vessel on or near your desired track line, according to your XTE.
Page 75 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Press the TRIP key to display a list of past, active, and future A trip is a sequence of waypoints with their lat/lon coordinates, and for past way- waypoints, including points, the actual time of arrival as day and date or day and past, active, and future time, as well as distance and bearing between points;...
Page 76 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls • remove points from the trip (all points or only selected ones) Use the SAVE TRIP AS ROUTE key to: • save the trip as a permanent route in the 961’s database Use the STOP NAV/RESUME NAV key (not shown if there isn’t an active waypoint) to: •...
Page 77 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls On these list screens, you can select each waypoint, route, track, or avoidance point by pressing the up and down arrows of the CURSOR PAD; the currently selected waypoint, route, track, or avoidance point is indicated by a horizontal stripe. Waypoints screen The WAYPOINTS screen lists all your stored, named waypoints by symbol;...
Page 78 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls You can also search the list for a particular waypoint by enter- ing the first few characters of the category you’re sorting by. The WAYPOINTS screen has five menu keys—GO TO, TDS,LT/ LN, NEW WAYPT, COPY, and EDIT—that control waypoint functions.
Page 79 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Routes screen By pressing the CURSOR PAD left or right, you can sort the route list by each column (the 961 highlights selected col- umns with a vertical stripe): • a sort by the CHT column (means the route is marked for display on the CHART screen) places that route at the top •...
Page 80 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Use the FOLLOW key to: • follow the selected route (first you choose the starting waypoint) in a forward or reverse direction • join a selected leg of the route, and follow the remainder of the route, in a forward or reverse direction •...
Page 81 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Tracks screen The TRACKS screen lists your stored tracks by whether the A track is a sequence of track is marked for display on the CHART screen; color (for position measurements that’s defined by actually CHART screen display);...
Page 82 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls The TRACKS screen has five menu keys—NEXT COLOR, ON CHART, NEW TRACK, START SAVING, and EDIT—that con- trol the track function (if there aren’t any defined tracks, this screen is empty). Use the NEXT COLOR key to: •...
Page 83 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Avoidance points screen By pressing the CURSOR PAD left or right, you can sort the avoidance point list by each column (the 961 highlights selected columns with a vertical stripe): • a sort by the RAD (radius) column lists avoidance points by radius •...
Page 84: Brightness Key
Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Use the NEW AVOID key to: • add a new avoidance point to the list Use the COPY key to: • make a new avoidance point by editing a copy of an exist- ing one Use the EDIT key to: •...
Page 85: Save Key
Chapter 3 - Using the Controls restores its previous brightness level. This function helps maintain the integrity of the display screen and reduce power consumption when the 961 is on for many hours at a time. SAVE key The SAVE key instantly saves your vessel’s position—at any time, at any screen, during any function.
Page 86 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Man overboard dialog box The 961 saves your position and displays it on the CHART screen as a waypoint with a symbol called *MOBXX*: The MOB position has immediately become your active waypoint. When navigating to an MOB waypoint, the 961 automatically sets the chart’s zoom level to its maximum detail.
Page 87 Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Chart screen with *MOB6* waypoint After the MOB keypress, the CHART screen INFO BAR auto- matically appears, even if you haven’t pressed the INFO key. This INFO BAR shows the MOB waypoint as your active way- point.
Page 88: In And Out Keys
Chapter 3 - Using the Controls CAUTION! Some autopilots try to steer your vessel according to any bearing changes made by the 961—regardless of the severity of the change. Other autopilots automatically disengage when a severe or abrupt turn is required. For information about implementing MOB while using an autopilot, refer to your autopilot’s manual.
Page 89: Arrow Keys
Chapter 3 - Using the Controls On other screens, you move the CURSOR PAD in an Using the cursor up-to-down (vertical) and left-to-right (horizontal) direction to pad on other select data. For example, at the WAYPOINTS screen, you press screens the CURSOR PAD to highlight different waypoints comprising the waypoint list: First press the WAYPTS/ROUTES key to view the WAYPOINTS screen, then press the up and down...
Page 90: Menu Keys
Chapter 3 - Using the Controls Menu keys Use the six MENU keys—located in a vertical row on the right of the display screen—for a variety of functions. Each key’s function depends specifically on which screen you’re display- ing; each key’s current function is shown right on the screen. Page 3-32 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev.
Page 91: Understanding The Chart Screen
Understanding the Chart Screen Understanding electronic charts ... 4-2 Understanding the chart screen ... 4-2 Displaying your vessel’s position on a chart 4-4 Functions performed at the chart screen .
Page 92: Understanding The Chart Screen
Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Understanding electronic charts The electronic charts used by the 961 have been scanned directly from the official paper charts. When used carefully, electronic charts can open up a whole new world of accuracy and simplicity.
Page 93 For those times when you want to zoom out to a smaller scale than the 1:1 original chart, you can set the 961 to display an improved chart-image quality with Northstar’s ClearZoom™ feature. For details about using ClearZoom, see ”ClearZoom”...
Page 94: Displaying Your Vessel's Position On A Chart
Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen play setup information, including how to set up the 961’s security system, see ”Changing the display setup” starting on page 13-2. Displaying your vessel’s position on a chart The usual display of your present position on the CHART Vessel-centered screen shows your vessel centered on the CHART screen.
Page 95 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen • clear the CHART screen of menu keys and other chart symbols • display in-depth navigation information about your posi- tion • use the SAVE key to save your vessel’s position as a way- point or as part of a route (this can be done from any screen as well as the CHART screen) NOTE:...
Page 96 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Go to coordinates dialog box From this point, you can either go directly to the new coordi- nates, or add the new coordinates to the end of your trip. Going to new coordinates now This option tells the 961 to navigate directly from your present position to the new waypoint: 1.
Page 97 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Adding coordinates to the end of the trip You can specify the next waypoint to go to before you reach the active waypoint, called “queuing.” If you're unfamiliar with the term queue, it means to put in line, as when several people are waiting for service at a ticket window.
Page 98 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen 2. At the GO TO COORDINATES dialog box, press the RESTART HERE key. The 961 restarts your desired track to run from your present position to the active waypoint, and returns to the CHART screen.
Page 99 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Vessel-position charts screen Cursor-position charts screen You can view a list of all the charts in the database by pressing the ALL CHARTS key, then return to the list of local charts by pressing the POSITION LIST key.
Page 100 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen You can sort either of these lists by pressing the CURSOR PAD left and right to highlight each chart-list category. You can sort the list by CHART NO., CHART NAME, USAGE, or SCALE by pressing the CURSOR PAD left or right to highlight each category.
Page 101 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Chart screen with tide stations and station coverage bar Tide stations—if stations are in your vessel’s area—are displayed on the CHART screen, and a STATION COVERAGE bar (replac- ing an INFO BAR) at the bottom of the screen shows today’s date and the number of stations in the coverage area.
Page 102 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Chart screen with tide graph and tide station bar From this point, you can view this tide station’s data for today’s date. The tide graph shows current tide level and the times of high and low tides. To view past days for a selected tide station, press the LEFT ARROW key;...
Page 103 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen eral seconds, then release. To return the symbols to the screen, press any key. To display navigational information right on the CHART Displaying screen, press the INFO key, and one or two INFO BARs appear information about at the bottom of the CHART screen.
Page 104 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Chart view A with two info bars Chart view B with two info bars You can remove each INFO BAR by pressing its corresponding INFO key. Removing the INFO BARs reduces on-screen clutter to show more of the area around your vessel.
Page 105: Using The Cursor On The Chart Screen
Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen INFO BAR, press and hold an INFO key for two or more sec- onds, and the INFO BAR slides down off the CHART screen; upon briefly pressing the same INFO key, the INFO BAR reap- pears by sliding up.
Page 106 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Chart screen with cursor info bar When you’re moving the cursor to view other areas on the chart, the 961 doesn’t automatically display new charts as it does when your vessel naturally approaches the edge of a chart.
Page 107 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Chart screen with selected object You know you’ve selected, for example, a waypoint, when the color of the cursor’s square window changes from red to green, and the name of the waypoint appears in the CURSOR INFO BAR at the bottom of the screen.
Page 108 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen NOTE: CHART At any given time, the screen may display multiple objects at the same location. When you move the cursor onto these multiple objects, the 961 displays a set of arrows at the lower left of the CURSOR INFO BAR.
Page 109 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Going directly to the cursor position To go directly to the cursor’s position: 1. Press the CURSOR PAD to move the cursor to the desired location on the CHART screen, then press the CURSOR menu key.
Page 110 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Adding the cursor position to the end of your trip To add the cursor position to the end of your trip: 1. Press the CURSOR PAD to move the cursor to the desired location on the CHART screen, then press the CURSOR menu key.
Page 111 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Store as a waypoint dialog box 3. To provide a user-defined name for the waypoint, use the KEYPAD to enter a name in the NAME field (waypoint names can have up to nine characters); or, use the default waypoint name, which is a W followed by four digits.
Page 112 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen To store a new, named avoidance point at the chart location designated by the cursor: 1. Press the CURSOR PAD to move the cursor to the desired location on the CHART screen, then press the CURSOR menu key.
Page 113 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen The STORE AS A WAYPOINT dialog box appears, sup- plying a default waypoint name starting with the letter W, and a default route name starting with the letter R. Store as a waypoint dialog box 3.
Page 114 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Adding points to an already displayed route 1. At the CHART screen, move the cursor to the desired next point of the route displayed on the CHART screen, then press the CURSOR menu key. 2.
Page 115 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen press the EDIT key (to edit the route) or FOLLOW key (to follow it now). NOTE: CHART For details about displaying a different route on the screen, see ”Displaying a route on the chart screen” starting on page 8-3. Going to a selected route point To select the desired route point, you may want to use the LEFT ARROW and RIGHT ARROW keys to highlight a route...
Page 116 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Selected route point dialog box 2. If desired, to reverse the direction of the route, press the REVERSE DIRECTION key; if not, to go directly from your present position to the selected route point, press the GO NOW key (or press the CANCEL key to cancel).
Page 117 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen The SELECTED TRIP POINT dialog box appears. (If you chose a past trip point, this dialog box is named SELECTED COORDINATE.) Selected trip point dialog box 2. To go directly from your present position to this point, press the GO NOW key (or press the CANCEL key to can- cel).
Page 118 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen will add the route starting at the selected point, including all subsequent points. This procedure also applies to selecting a route leg: Press the CURSOR PAD to move the cursor to the desired route leg, and the 961 will add the route starting at the beginning point of the selected leg, including all subsequent legs and points.
Page 119 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Joining a route leg or trip leg You can join a leg of a displayed route, or join a future leg of the trip. To join a future trip leg: 1. On the CHART screen, press the CURSOR PAD to select the desired future trip leg (displayed in light blue).
Page 120 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen To join a route leg: 1. On the CHART screen, press the CURSOR PAD to select the desired route leg. 2. Press the CURSOR menu key. The SELECTED ROUTE LEG dialog box appears. Selected route leg dialog box 3.
Page 121 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Editing a route or the trip You can edit a route or a trip by adding waypoints to the mid- dle of a route leg or a trip leg. This function splits a leg into two new segments.
Page 122 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Selected waypoint dialog box 3. Press the EDIT key. The 961 returns to the CHART screen, showing the selected waypoint. Edit selected waypoint dialog box Page 4-32 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 123 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen 4. Press the CURSOR PAD to move the cursor and the way- point to the desired location. 5. Press the DONE key to store the new coordinates in the waypoint database (or press the CANCEL key to cancel). If you selected a named waypoint and this waypoint is used in one or more routes or the trip, the 961 will always ask you whether you want to use the new location of this...
Page 124 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Deleting a trip point or a route point You can delete any future trip point or any route point at the CHART screen. (To delete a route point at the CHART screen, the route must be marked for display on the CHART screen.) To delete waypoints from a route or the trip (but not from the 961’s database of waypoints): 1.
Page 125: Customizing The Chart Screen
Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Customizing the chart screen You can set up the 961’s CHART screen to display data in spe- Customizing chart cific ways. To access the CHART SETUP screen: setup options 1. Press the STAR key to access the SETUP MENU screen. 2.
Page 126 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen • range rings • distance scale bar • past trip legs • chart update regions Individual waypoint symbols Pressing the WAYPTS key on the CHART SETUP screen lets you choose waypoint symbols to display by individually selecting which symbols to show or not show.
Page 127 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen legs, and so on, you may want to turn the track predictor line off until you are more experienced. Loran on info bars You can turn on or off the display of loran TDs on the CHART- screen INFO BARs (this setup also applies to the CURSOR INFO BAR).
Page 128 Chapter 4 - Understanding the Chart Screen Chart update regions You can set the 961 to display the locations of chart update regions on the CHART screen by turning the SHOW UPDATE REGION to the ON position. The 961’s default setting is OFF. To turn the display of any of the above options on or off Changing chart (except for selecting waypoint symbols—a slightly different...
Page 129: Understanding Position Coordinates
Understanding Position Coordinates Using GPS to determine position ... 5-2 Using DGPS to determine position ..5-4 Understanding Loran-C ....5-7 Using Phantom loran to determine position 5-10 his chapter describes the 961’s most important navigation function: determining your position.
Page 130: Using Gps To Determine Position
Chapter 5 - Understanding Position Coordinates Using GPS to determine position The 961 uses a high-performance GPS receiver as its primary source of position data. Calculated directly from the received satellite data are your present position in lat/lon coordinates, time of day and date, speed-over-ground (SOG) and course-over-ground (COG), and an estimate of the 961’s accu- racy.
Page 131 Chapter 5 - Understanding Position Coordinates GPS satellite status screen The GPS SATELLITE STATUS screen shows the received Sig- nal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for each satellite (up to 12), and a map indicating where the satellites are now located in the sky. Sat- ellites are identified by their pseudorandom number (PRN), a two-digit number assigned by the U.S.
Page 132: Using Dgps To Determine Position
The 961XD includes an internal differential receiver, and uses accuracy DGPS whenever signals are available. To use DGPS with a 961X, you must convert your Northstar 961X to a Northstar 961XD by adding an internal differential receiver. DGPS corrections remove the errors caused by Selective Avail-...
Page 133: Table 2: Noise-Level Meanings
Chapter 5 - Understanding Position Coordinates transmitter now in use. The lower half of the screen shows the beacon’s name, and the transmitter’s frequency and baud rate. There are three bar graphs that display: • • SIGNAL • NOISE SNR is a good measure of overall signal quality, and should be as high as possible.
Page 134: Table 3: Dgps Status Messages
TOO FEW SATS There are too few satellites available. The 961’s DGPS signal-quality information is available from either the internal differential receiver or a Northstar external Page 5-6 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 135: Understanding Loran-C
Chapter 5 - Understanding Position Coordinates differential receiver. Other brands of differential receivers may supply DGPS corrections, but they omit the additional signal information shown on the 961’s screen. Understanding Loran-C Loran is an acronym for Long Range Navigation, a system of What is loran and land-based radio transmitters that give off, or emit, precisely loran TDs?
Page 136 Chapter 5 - Understanding Position Coordinates Loran isn’t as proficient as GPS in absolute accuracy; that is, About loran’s when you’re visiting a spot for the first time. Because loran absolute accuracy transmits at a relatively low frequency (100 kHz—similar to that of an AM radio), your ability to obtain an accurate posi- tion fix is related to several factors: •...
Page 137: Figure 4: Position Variances With Uncorrected Gps
Chapter 5 - Understanding Position Coordinates Figure 4: Position variances with uncorrected GPS Viewing loran TDs Some readers may be used to navigating with a loran receiver; if you’re an experienced mariner, you may already have fish- ing spots and other waypoints that you recorded as loran TDs. For those readers who are unfamiliar with loran TDs, they rep- resent the measured amount of time—in millionths of a sec- ond—between loran signals received from the master loran...
Page 138: Using Phantom Loran To Determine Position
Chapter 5 - Understanding Position Coordinates Using Phantom loran to determine position The 961’s Phantom loran feature is designed for those 961 What is Phantom users who’ve previously compiled lists of fishing spots or other loran? locations as loran TDs, and who are now using the 961 as a GPS-only navigator.
Page 139 Chapter 5 - Understanding Position Coordinates 5. To display your position in loran TDs, press the CHART key, then press one of the CHART-screen INFO keys until you display the loran data. To return to displaying GPS-only coordinates, repeat the above steps, but turn the setting of LORAN INFO BARs to OFF.
Page 140 Chapter 5 - Understanding Position Coordinates Page 5-12 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 141: Creating Waypoints
Creating Waypoints Introducing waypoints ....6-2 Displaying waypoints ..... . 6-2 Sorting the list of waypoints .
Page 142: Introducing Waypoints
Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints Introducing waypoints As used in 961 operations, the term waypoint refers to a spe- What is a waypoint? cific location that’s entered into the 961’s database, and defined by its lat/lon or loran TDs, or distance and bearing. A waypoint appears on the 961’s chart display with a corre- sponding symbol of your choice, and is often used as either an intermediate or final destination.
Page 143 Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints Table 4: Displaying waypoints (Continued) Display type Display location WAYPOINTS Listing on the screen, which lists waypoints sorted by symbol, name, distance, and bearing. Waypoints’ lat/lon, or GRI and TDs, are also listed here. Graphical display Displaying waypoints on the chart screen The 961 displays waypoints on the CHART screen by using their symbols and, optionally, their names.
Page 144 Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints Displaying waypoint names on the chart screen You assign each new waypoint a name when you create it; see ”Creating a new waypoint” starting on page 6-7. You then have the option whether to display the name directly below the symbol.
Page 145: Sorting The List Of Waypoints
Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints The WAYPOINTS screen lists all your existing waypoints, showing symbol, name, distance from your present position, bearing, and lat/lon or TDs and GRI. To select a waypoint (indicated by the horizontal stripe), press the CURSOR PAD up or down. To the right of the LONGITUDE column is a red vertical slide bar, which is relative to the size of the list of waypoints.
Page 146 Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints To show a list of waypoints sorted by symbol—with similar Sorting by symbol symbols listed together—press the CURSOR PAD left to high- light the SYMBOL column (shown at the far left without a heading). This makes it easy, for example, to see all waypoints using the fish symbol.
Page 147: Searching For A Waypoint
Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints resorted while you’re displaying the list; you must leave and return to viewing the WAYPOINTS screen to update the sort- ing order. Searching for a waypoint If you’ve stored hundreds of waypoints, scrolling through the entire list to find the one you want may be tedious.
Page 148 Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints • instantly—by pressing the SAVE key (at any of the 961’s screens) to save the vessel’s present position as a waypoint • numerically—by entering the coordinates at the WAY- POINTS screen NOTE: Pressing the key will also save a waypoint; however, this option is reserved for situations that require an instantaneous press of the key to immediately return your vessel to the precise...
Page 149 Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints Selected cursor position dialog box 3. Press the STORE AS WAYPT/ROUTE key. The STORE AS A WAYPOINT dialog box appears. Store as a waypoint dialog box 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D Page 6-9...
Page 150 Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints 4. Use the KEYPAD to enter the new waypoint’s name (or use the default name, W0000, which automatically names these waypoints sequentially from W0001 up to W9999). You can use any characters on the KEYPAD. The name can be from one to nine characters long, and must be dif- ferent from all the other waypoint names in the 961’s database.
Page 151 Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints Vessel position dialog box 2. Use the KEYPAD to enter the new waypoint’s name (or use the default name, *SAVEDXX*). You can use any char- acters on the KEYPAD. The name can be from one to nine characters long, and must be different from all the other waypoint names in the 961’s database.
Page 152 Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints NOTE: If you use the default waypoint name, the 961 automatically names *SAVED01* this type of new waypoint sequentially, such as *SAVED02* SAVED , and so on. The word designates a saved waypoint, and the number increases by one each time you save this type of waypoint.
Page 153 Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints and bearing from your present position, or else as latitude or longitude (or loran coordinates). Whichever you enter, the 961 automatically calculates the other numbers. You can enter data in any order into new waypoint fields—just press the CURSOR PAD left or right to highlight a partic- ular field.
Page 154: Editing A Waypoint
Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints the RESTORE key to recopy the field you’re currently editing. 3. When you’re finished changing the waypoint, press the DONE key (or press CANCEL to cancel and return to the WAYPOINTS screen). The new waypoint is now permanently stored in the data- base;...
Page 155 Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints • update a waypoint’s coordinates to be the same as your vessel’s position. To move a waypoint to another location: 1. At the CHART screen, press the CURSOR PAD and if nec- essary, the LEFT ARROW and RIGHT ARROW keys, to select a named waypoint, then press the CURSOR menu key.
Page 156: Erasing A Waypoint
Chapter 6 - Creating Waypoints The 961 returns to the CHART screen, showing the way- point at your vessel position. Erasing a waypoint At the WAYPOINTS screen, you can permanently erase a way- point from the 961’s database (upon erasure, if the waypoint was part of a route, its coordinates are retained in the route as an unnamed waypoint): 1.
Page 157: Creating Avoidance Points
Creating Avoidance Points Introducing avoidance points ....7-2 Displaying avoidance points ....7-3 Sorting the list of avoidance points .
Page 158: Introducing Avoidance Points
Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points Introducing avoidance points As used in 961 operations, the term avoidance point refers to a What is an location that you enter into the 961’s database, and define by avoidance point? its radius, lat/lon or loran TDs, or distance and bearing, and indicate an area into which you specifically want to avoid nav- igating.
Page 159: Displaying Avoidance Points
Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points CAUTION! The 961’s avoidance-point alarm is only an extra safety feature that helps inform you of possible hazards. It doesn’t replace the per- son on watch, local knowledge, proper use of charts, or any other aspects of good seaman- ship required for safe navigation.
Page 160 Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points To see avoidance points on the CHART screen, press the CHART key. Chart screen with avoidance points Any avoidance points in your area are displayed on the CHART screen. As you press the CURSOR PAD to move around the CHART screen, the chart view displays all the avoidance points in a particular area.
Page 161 Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points 3-D steer screen with avoidance points List display Displaying avoidance points on the avoidance points screen To display a list of named avoidance points, press the WAY- PTS/ROUTES key until you reach the AVOIDANCE POINTS screen.
Page 162 Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points Avoidance points screen The AVOIDANCE POINTS screen lists all your existing avoid- ance points, showing radius, name, distance from your present position, bearing, and lat/lon or TDs and GRI. To select an avoidance point (indicated by the horizontal stripe), press the CURSOR PAD up or down.
Page 163: Sorting The List Of Avoidance Points
Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points Sorting the list of avoidance points You can sort the avoidance-point list by the following: • radius • name • distance from your present position • bearing At the AVOIDANCE POINTS screen, press the CURSOR PAD left or right to select the particular sort field (whenever you sort the avoidance-points list, you retain the currently selected avoidance point).
Page 164: Searching For An Avoidance Point
Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points Displaying local avoidance points To show the avoidance points closest to your current position (also called local avoidance points), highlight the DISTANCE column, then enter zeroes into the SEARCH field. The list then shows at the top of the list those avoidance points that are closest to your present position.
Page 165: Creating A New Avoidance Point
Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points The avoidance point that you find during your search will appear in the list at about the third line from the top, which lets you easily view avoidance points that are above and below the found avoidance point.
Page 166 Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points Selected cursor position dialog box 3. Press the STORE AS WAYPT/ROUTE key. The STORE AS A WAYPOINT dialog box appears. Store as a waypoint dialog box Page 7-10 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 167 Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points 4. Use the KEYPAD to enter the new avoidance point’s name (or use the default name, W0000, which automatically names these avoidance points sequentially from W0001 up to W9999). You can use any characters on the KEY- PAD.
Page 168 Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points entry, press the CLEAR ENTRY key to clear the current field, then resume editing. To access the avoidance point DESCRIPTION field, which is displayed near the bottom of the screen, either press the CURSOR PAD to the right after highlighting the LON- GITUDE field, or press the CURSOR PAD to the left after highlighting the RAD field.
Page 169: Editing An Avoidance Point
Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points Editing an avoidance point You can change any characteristics of an avoidance point at ei- ther the AVOIDANCE POINTS screen or the CHART screen. To edit an avoidance point, first you must select it. If you have Editing an many stored avoidance points, you’ll probably want to use the avoidance point at...
Page 170: Erasing An Avoidance Point
Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points The 961 returns to the CHART screen, showing the new radius of the avoidance point and its position data in the CURSOR INFO BAR. Erasing an avoidance point At the AVOIDANCE POINTS screen, you can permanently erase an avoidance point from the 961’s database: 1.
Page 171 Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points sent the best pair of loran secondary stations. (GRI can be set to the user’s preferred GRI, as defined at the 961’s NAVIGA- TION SETUP screen; see ”Preferred loran GRI” starting on page 13-19.) Not all positions have corresponding TDs. In these cases, dashes are shown in the GRI and TD fields.
Page 172 Chapter 7 - Creating Avoidance Points Page 7-16 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 173: Creating Routes
Creating Routes Introducing routes ......8-2 Displaying routes ......8-3 Sorting the list of routes .
Page 174: Introducing Routes
Chapter 8 - Creating Routes Introducing routes As used in 961 operations, the term route refers to a sequence What is a route? of waypoints that form a connected path you want to follow. In its simplest form, a route can be just a straight line between two waypoints.
Page 175: Displaying Routes
Chapter 8 - Creating Routes Displaying routes The 961 displays routes in two different ways. For the type of display and its corresponding location, see ”Table 6: Displaying routes” below. Table 6: Displaying routes Display type Display location CHART Graphical on the screen showing a dark blue line connecting all of the route’s waypoints.
Page 176 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes Chart screen with displayed route To see the route displayed on the CHART screen, you may have to press the OUT key and/or press the CURSOR PAD to move into the route’s area. The directional arrow markers on the route indicate its present direction.
Page 177 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes Routes screen sorted by name The ROUTES screen lists all your existing routes, showing whether a route is marked for display on the CHART screen, whether is route is marked to accept SAVE keypresses, route name, date the route was last modified, total distance covered by each route (length), and distance to your present position (proximity).
Page 178: Sorting The List Of Routes
Chapter 8 - Creating Routes Marking a route to accept SAVE keypresses You can mark any one stored route to “accept” SAVE key- presses. When you mark a route in this way, each time you press the SAVE key, the 961 automatically adds *SAVEDXX* waypoints to the route.
Page 179: Searching For A Route
Chapter 8 - Creating Routes At the routes screen, press the CURSOR PAD left or right to select the particular sort field (whenever you sort the routes list, you retain the currently selected route). To show those routes marked for display on the CHART screen Sorting by chart or those routes marked to accept SAVE keypresses (both display and save...
Page 180: Creating A New Route
Chapter 8 - Creating Routes Creating a new route You can create and store up to 1000 routes to the 961’s data- base. There are several ways to create and store a new route: • graphically—on the CHART screen—using the cursor •...
Page 181 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes 2. If desired, use the KEYPAD to change the coordinates. Press the STORE AS WAYPT/ROUTE key. The STORE AS A WAYPOINT dialog box appears, sup- plying a default waypoint name and a default route name starting with the letter R.
Page 182 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes Adding points to an already displayed route 1. At the CHART screen, move the cursor to the desired next point of the displayed route, then press the CURSOR menu key. 2. Press the STORE AS WAYPT/ROUTE key. The STORE AS A WAYPOINT dialog box appears, sup- plying a default waypoint name, and now showing the name of the currently displayed route.
Page 183 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes To create a route as you travel: 1. At any screen, press the SAVE key. The VESSEL POSITION dialog box appears. Vessel-position dialog box 2. If desired, use the KEYPAD to enter a name for the first waypoint, or use the default name, *SAVEDXX*.
Page 184 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes Timed vessel-position dialog box 6. You can either press the ADD TO END OF ROUTE key, or wait nine seconds; in either case, the 961 automatically creates a *SAVEDXX* waypoint. As long as the VESSEL POSITION dialog box is up, you can press the SAVE key again and again to save points in the route, rather than waiting for the nine-second countdown.
Page 185 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes points to this route at any time, go to the ROUTES screen, select the route, and press the STOP SAVING ROUTE key. NOTE: If you use the default waypoint name, the 961 automatically names *SAVED01* this type of new waypoint sequentially, such as *SAVED02* SAVED...
Page 186 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes 2. Use the KEYPAD to enter a route name (or use the default route name), then press the CREATE ROUTE key. The EDIT NEW ROUTE screen appears. Edit new route screen The EDIT NEW ROUTE screen comprises two sections: The top half shows the route as you create it, and the bottom half shows the list of waypoints from which you can choose.
Page 187 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes 3. Press the CURSOR PAD up or down to select the first waypoint, then press the INSERT key. You can also use the search function to find the first waypoint. The 961 adds the first waypoint to the route. 4.
Page 188 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes 3. If desired, use the KEYPAD to enter a new route name, then press the EDIT ROUTE key. The EDIT ROUTE screen appears. 4. To edit the route, follow the guidelines in “Editing a route at the routes screen”...
Page 189: Editing A Route
Chapter 8 - Creating Routes 3. Press the SAVE AS A ROUTE key (or press CANCEL to cancel). The 961 returns to the TRIP screen. Current navigation, if any, isn’t affected. Editing a route You can change the waypoints or the waypoint coordinates of an existing route by using the route editing function.
Page 190 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes Edit the route dialog box 2. If desired, change the route name, then press the EDIT ROUTE key. The EDIT ROUTE screen appears. Edit route screen Page 8-18 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 191 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes The EDIT ROUTE screen comprises two sections: At the top half of the screen, the right side shows a list of the selected route’s waypoints and legs; the left side shows a graphical rep- resentation of this route. (To the right of the NEXT LEG col- umn is a red vertical slide bar, which is relative to the size of the list of existing waypoints in the route.
Page 192 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes 2. If the start of the route isn’t already selected, press the MOVE UP key to highlight the start of the route (remem- ber: don’t highlight the first waypoint at the bottom half of the screen; press the MOVE UP key to highlight the start of the route displayed at the top half of the screen).
Page 193 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes Deleting route waypoints To permanently delete individual waypoints from a route (but not from the 961’s database of waypoints): 1. At the EDIT ROUTE screen, press either the MOVE UP or MOVE DOWN keys to highlight the route waypoint you want to delete, then press the DELETE key.
Page 194 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes 6. Press the CURSOR PAD to move the waypoint to the desired location, then press the DONE key (or press CAN- CEL to leave the waypoint unchanged). The 961 shows the location of the moved route waypoint. Graphically adding waypoints to a route leg 1.
Page 195 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes 4. Press the CURSOR menu key, then press the STORE AS WAYPT/ROUTE key. 5. If desired, enter a name for the new waypoint; otherwise, the 961 defaults to a name starting sequentially as W0000. 6. Press the ADD TO END OF ROUTE key. The 961 returns to the CHART screen, showing a con- necting route leg from the old end point to the new end point.
Page 196: Erasing A Route
Chapter 8 - Creating Routes X, otherwise you won’t be able to delete the waypoint from the route. 4. Press the CURSOR menu key. The SELECTED ROUTE POINT dialog box appears. Selected route point dialog box 5. Press the DELETE POINT key. The 961 returns to the CHART screen, showing the route with the point deleted.
Page 197 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes 3. To erase the route, press the YES key (or press NO to can- cel). The 961 deletes the route and returns to the ROUTES screen. 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D Page 8-25...
Page 198 Chapter 8 - Creating Routes Page 8-26 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 199: Creating Tracks
Creating Tracks Introducing tracks ......9-2 Displaying tracks ......9-2 Sorting the list of tracks .
Page 200: Introducing Tracks
Chapter 9 - Creating Tracks Introducing tracks As used in 961 operations, the term track refers to a sequence What is a track? of position measurements that the 961 automatically records every five seconds—as you travel from point A to point B and beyond.
Page 201 Chapter 9 - Creating Tracks Table 7: Displaying tracks (Continued) Display type Display location TRACKS Listing on the screen, which sorts a list of tracks by whether the track is marked for display CHART on the screen, color, name, start date and time and end date and time.
Page 202 Chapter 9 - Creating Tracks Chart screen with displayed tracks In the sample screen above, the track is the series of dots run- ning diagonally from the lower-right to the upper-left. To see the displayed track on your CHART screen, you may have to press the OUT key or the IN key;...
Page 203 Chapter 9 - Creating Tracks Tracks screen sorted by name If there aren’t any tracks defined yet, as is the case with a new 961 or if you’ve erased all user-defined tracks, the TRACKS screen will be blank, although the NEW TRACK and START SAVING keys will be present (the master track is never dis- played on this list).
Page 204: Sorting The List Of Tracks
Chapter 9 - Creating Tracks Sorting the list of tracks You can sort the tracks list by the following: • whether the track is marked for display on the CHART screen • color • name • start date and time •...
Page 205 Chapter 9 - Creating Tracks • pressing the NEW TRACK key to define the track’s start and end times on the TRACKS screen • pressing the START SAVING key to immediately start defining a new track now To create a new track by start and end date/time: Creating a track by defining start and 1.
Page 206 Chapter 9 - Creating Tracks DATE key, then press the ARROW keys to select a desired hour. To change the minute, press the hour key, then press the arrow keys to select a desired minute. As you press the ARROW keys to define the track, the 961 updates the track’s number of positions and range of min- utes and seconds, or hours and days, and displays this information near the bottom of the screen.
Page 207 Chapter 9 - Creating Tracks With this method, you tell the 961 to immediately start saving Creating a track position data to a new track, then tell the 961 when to stop using the start saving this data (you can only save to one track at a time). saving key To create a new track at the TRACKS screen: 1.
Page 208: Editing A Track
Chapter 9 - Creating Tracks 4. To mark the track for display on the CHART screen, press the ON CHART key. The 961 updates the track data on the CHART screen every 10 seconds. Editing a track You can change an existing track at the TRACKS screen. At the EDIT TRACK screen, you can change a track in the fol- Editing a track at lowing ways:...
Page 209 Chapter 9 - Creating Tracks Edit track screen 2. To change the track’s name, use the KEYPAD to enter the new name in the NAME field (if you make a mistake while changing the name, you can press the CLEAR ENTRY key to clear the field and resume).
Page 210: Erasing A Track
Chapter 9 - Creating Tracks Erasing a track At the TRACKS screen, you can permanently erase a track from the 961’s database: 1. At the TRACKS screen, press the CURSOR PAD up or down to select the desired track. 2. Press the EDIT key. 3.
Page 211: Waypoint And Route Navigation
Waypoint and Route Navigation Steering to a waypoint ....10-2 Navigating from the routes screen ..10-6 Navigating from the chart screen .
Page 212: Steering To A Waypoint
Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation Steering to a waypoint The STEER and 3-D STEER screens help you steer precisely along a course line to your active waypoint. Both screens dis- play—using large digits that you can read from a distance—the following information: •...
Page 213 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation Steer screen The standard STEER screen is a simplified version of the 3-D STEER screen, displaying the same numeric information, but without the perspective view of the course line and nearby waypoints and avoidance points. Displaying the 3-D steer screen To display the 3-D STEER screen, press the STEER key (twice, if necessary).
Page 214 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation 3-D steer screen The 3-D STEER screen provides a comprehensive picture of your progress toward the active waypoint, if any. The screen is a track-centered display showing in your general area any waypoints (shown with blue flags) and avoidance points (shown as red circles), and, for precision steering, your position and COG relative to the desired track.
Page 215 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation Understanding the Cross-track error (XTE) steering screen The lower part of either steering screen displays XTE using displays your vessel’s symbol to illustrate distance from the black course line. XTE is the distance between your position and your course line;...
Page 216: Navigating From The Routes Screen
Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation Estimated time of arrival (ETA) and estimated time enroute (ETE) The 961’s steering screens display ETA as day and time, and ETE as either minutes and seconds, hours and minutes, or days and hours—depending on the distance to the active way- point (a distance of more than 24 hours will activate the day/ hour display).
Page 217 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation Routes screen 2. Press the CURSOR PAD up or down to select the desired route, then press the FOLLOW key. The FOLLOW ROUTE screen appears. Follow route screen 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D Page 10-7...
Page 218 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation The FOLLOW ROUTE screen comprises two sections: At the top half of the screen, the right side lists the selected route’s waypoints, and the length and bearing of each leg; the left side shows a graphical representation of this route.
Page 219 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation The CHART screen appears and the 961 begins navigat- ing directly to the selected waypoint. Your XTE starts at zero because you’re right on the course line to the way- point. To see the route in the trip, press the TRIP key (you may have to press the CURSOR PAD down to scroll through the future waypoints).
Page 220: Navigating From The Chart Screen
Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation distance from the leg. To see the route in the trip, press the TRIP key (you may have to press the CURSOR PAD down to scroll the trip list of the future waypoints). Adding a route to the end of your trip You can add a selected route—starting with any selected way- point—to the end of your current trip:...
Page 221 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation NOTE: ROUTES You can also perform any of these functions at the screen; for details, see ”Following a route from the routes screen” starting on page 10-6. Following a route by choosing a starting waypoint 1.
Page 222 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation 5. Press the GO NOW key. The 961 begins navigating directly to the selected way- point, and will follow the rest of the selected route. Joining a leg of a route 1. On the ROUTES screen, press the CURSOR PAD up or down to select the desired route.
Page 223 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation 5. Press the GO NOW key. The JOIN LEG dialog box appears, prompting you to remember to press the SAVE key at the point where you actually join the leg (a SAVE keypress will store that point in the trip).
Page 224 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation Often, point-and-shoot navigation is the easiest and most pow- Using erful way of travelling to waypoints. This method also gives point-and-shoot you flexibility in deciding where to travel. Using the CURSOR navigation key, this method lets you do any of the following: •...
Page 225 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation Adding an existing waypoint to the end of the trip 1. Press the CURSOR PAD to select a waypoint on the CHART screen, then press the CURSOR menu key. The SELECTED WAYPOINT dialog box appears. 2.
Page 226 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation Selected cursor position dialog box 3. Press the GO NOW key. The 961 creates a new unnamed waypoint at the cursor location, returns to the CHART screen, and guides you directly to this new, temporary waypoint. Press the TRIP key to see the waypoint in the trip.
Page 227: Navigating From The Waypoints Screen
Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation Selected cursor position dialog box 3. Press the ADD TO END OF TRIP key. The 961 creates a new waypoint named COORD, adds it to the end of your trip, and returns to the CHART screen. If you were already past the end of the trip, you’ll immedi- ately begin navigating along the leg to the new waypoint.
Page 228 Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation You can press the TDS, LT/LN key to view waypoint coor- dinates as loran TDs. 3. Press the GO TO key. Go to waypoint dialog box 4. Press the GO NOW key. The 961 goes to the STEER screen, and guides you directly to this selected waypoint.
Page 229: Restarting The Track
Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation Go to waypoint dialog box 4. Press the ADD TO END OF TRIP key. The 961 adds the waypoint to the end of your trip, and returns to the WAYPOINTS screen. Restarting the track When navigating from one waypoint to another, you may find that you’ve wandered off the desired track: Perhaps you steered to avoid an obstacle, or simply drifted slightly...
Page 230: Figure 5: Restarting The Desired Track
Chapter 10 - Waypoint and Route Navigation Figure 5: Restarting the desired track Whenever you want to steer directly from an off-course posi- tion to a waypoint, press the RESTART HERE key, and the 961 recalculates the desired track to extend from your present position directly to the next waypoint, resetting your XTE to zero.
Page 231: Using The Trip Function
Using the Trip Function Introducing the trip function ....11-2 Displaying the trip ......11-3 Changing the trip .
Page 232: Introducing The Trip Function
Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function Introducing the trip function In 961 operations, the trip is a sequence of past, active, and What is the trip? future waypoints. Like a route, the trip consists of a series of waypoints, but unlike a route, a trip occurs in real time—as you The trip is a sequence of travel.
Page 233: Displaying The Trip
Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function • it helps you plan the future parts of today’s trip by adding a waypoint, a series of waypoints—or even routes—to the end of the trip • it lets you change how you follow a route, in any way, without affecting the original route, which remains safely stored in the 961’s database Displaying the trip...
Page 234 Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function To display any trip waypoints not currently on the screen, press the CURSOR PAD up or down to scroll the list. To the right of the ARRIVAL column is a red vertical slide bar, which is relative to the size of the trip list.
Page 235: Changing The Trip
Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function NOTE: COORD waypoints are unnamed waypoints that aren’t displayed WAYPOINTS on the screen. Time of arrival As you travel, the 961 updates all the information you need to safely and efficiently plan your trip. For each past waypoint, the 961 displays your actual time of arrival;...
Page 236 Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function • follow the trip back home by copying old trip points—in reverse order—to the future part of the trip You can also restart the leg to the active waypoint at the TRIP screen, but this action doesn’t actually change the trip; for details, see ”Restarting the track at the trip screen”...
Page 237 Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function 2. Use the KEYPAD to enter your desired new destination as lat/lon, TDs, or distance and bearing. 3. Press the GO NOW key (or press the CANCEL key to can- cel). The 961 goes to the STEER screen showing COORD as the active waypoint, deletes any future trip points, and begins navigating directly to the new active waypoint.
Page 238 Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function 4. Press the INSERT key (or press the CANCEL key to can- cel). If you changed the active waypoint, the 961 goes to the STEER screen showing COORD as the new active way- point;...
Page 239 Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function Go to selection dialog box 3. Press the GO DIRECT key (or press the CANCEL key to cancel). The 961 goes to the STEER screen. Your desired track is from your present location to your chosen one. Intermedi- ate waypoints, if any, are removed from the trip.
Page 240 Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function Go to selection dialog box 3. Press the JOIN LEG key (or press the CANCEL key to can- cel). The 961 goes to the STEER screen, and you’re travelling along the leg to your active waypoint. The 961 has removed intermediate points from the trip, but your desired track is the previously defined leg.
Page 241: Saving The Trip As A Route
Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function Past trip point dialog box 3. Press the GO BACKWARDS key (or press the CANCEL key to cancel). The 961 goes to the STEER screen, removes any active and future points, and starts navigating directly from your present position to the selected waypoint, adding all the earlier trip points in reverse order to the future trip.
Page 242: Erasing The Trip
Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function Save trip as route dialog box 2. If desired, use the KEYPAD to change the default route name in the NAME field. 3. Press the SAVE AS A ROUTE key (or press CANCEL to cancel).
Page 243 Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function Erasures dialog box To permanently erase the entire trip: Erasing your entire trip 1. At the TRIP screen, press the ERASURES key (you don’t have to select a particular point). 2. Press ERASE ENTIRE TRIP. The 961 erases the entire trip, returns to the TRIP screen, and places your last known position into the trip.
Page 244: Restarting The Track At The Trip Screen
Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function To permanently erase all the trip points after the selected one, but not the selected one (with this option, you can only erase points after the active waypoint): 1. At the TRIP screen, select the point at which all other points after it will be erased, then press the ERASURES key.
Page 245: Stopping Navigation
Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function Restart here dialog box 3. Press the YES, RESTART HERE key (or press the CAN- CEL key to cancel). The 961 goes to the STEER screen showing navigation to the active waypoint. You’re going directly from your present position to this waypoint.
Page 246 Chapter 11 - Using the Trip Function Note that if there’s an active waypoint in the trip, when you turn on the 961, navigation will be stopped. Page 11-16 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 247: Alarms, Tidetrack, And Currents
Understanding the TideTrack function . . . 12-8 Understanding the currents function ..12-12 his chapter describes three important navigation functions: setting and clearing the 961’s alarms, and using Northstar’s unique TideTrack and currents features. 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 248: Understanding Alarms
Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents Understanding alarms Alarms are designed to automatically alert you of certain situa- Displaying alarms tions. The 961 updates the status of its alarms every second, and displays its alarm messages in three different ways: at the bottom of any screen you’re displaying •...
Page 249 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents yellow messages provide cautions, such as demo mode, • nearing a waypoint or avoidance point, and excessive cross-track error (XTE) green messages provide information, such as arriving at a • waypoint, passing a waypoint, or changing to a new way- point Whenever an alarm message appears on any screen, the 961 simultaneously emits a distinctive audio beep, unless you’ve...
Page 250 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents 2. To clear the alarm message from the screen and stop the alarm audio (if on), press the CLEAR ALARM key. The 961 moves the new alarm to the OLD ALARMS box. For a description of auto-clearing alarms and ones that require manual clearing, see ”Table 8: 961 alarms”...
Page 251 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents Table 8: 961 alarms (Continued) Name of alarm Description Auto clear (yes/no) NO DGPS This alarm means that DGPS corrections Yes, but only after are temporarily unavailable. You can dis- receiving usable DGPS able the entire DGPS system—see ”Set- signals.
Page 252 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents Table 8: 961 alarms (Continued) Name of alarm Description Auto clear (yes/no) XTE EXCEEDED This alarm means you’ve exceeded the Yes, but only when CROSS off-course limit set in the you’re well within the TRACK alarm;...
Page 253 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents To change the alarm settings: 1. At the ALARMS screen, press the CHANGE SETTINGS key. The ALARM SETTINGS are highlighted. Alarm settings screen 2. Press the CURSOR PAD up or down to highlight the desired alarm setting.
Page 254: Understanding The Tidetrack Function
Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents uations; however, even with the alarm audio off, you’ll still see the alarm messages displayed onscreen. You can set the 961’s alarms to emit seven different levels of sound from low to high, or else turn the alarm audio off. The ALARMS screen has two keys—LOUDER and SOFTER—that you press to raise or lower the audio volume.
Page 255 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents To add tide-station information to the CHART screen: Adding the tide overlay 1. At the CHART screen, press the OVERLAY key, then press the SHOW TIDES key. If tide stations are in the area, they’re displayed on the CHART screen, the GRAPH ON key appears, and a STA- TION COVERAGE bar (replacing an INFO BAR) shows today’s date and the number of stations within the cover-...
Page 256 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents 1. At the CHART screen, press the OVERLAY key, then press the SHOW TIDES key. 2. Press the GRAPH ON key. The 961 automatically selects the nearest station. Chart screen with tide graph and tide station bar Understanding the tides overlay The tide graph and TIDE STATION bar displays the following information:...
Page 257 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents the times of high and low tide (some days don’t have two • full tide cycles due to the time of the first high tide, as illustrated above) the scale range • On the tide graph, the light gray/dark gray vertical bars repre- sent nighttime hours;...
Page 258: Understanding The Currents Function
Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents Choosing cursor-location tide stations You can choose any tide station on the CHART screen by mov- ing the cursor to that station. 1. At the CHART screen, press the OVERLAY key, then press the SHOW TIDES key.
Page 259 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents If current stations are in the area, they’re displayed on the CHART screen, the GRAPH ON key appears, and a STA- TION COVERAGE bar (replacing an INFO BAR) shows today’s date and time and the number of stations within the coverage area.
Page 260 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents The 961 automatically selects the nearest station. Chart screen with current graph and current station bar The current graph and CURRENT STATION bar displays the following information: name of the current station • current speed and direction for today’s date •...
Page 261 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents future hours, press the CURSOR PAD to highlight the hour (for example, 03), then press the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW keys to view past or future hours, respectively. To view the current graph for past or future minutes, press the cursor pad to highlight the minutes (for example, 46), then press the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW keys to view past or future minutes (in five-minute increments only), respec-...
Page 262 Chapter 12 - Alarms, TideTrack, and Currents Page 12-16 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 263 Customizing Setup Functions Changing the display setup ....13-2 Changing navigation setup ....13-9 Changing the chart setup .
Page 264: Customizing Setup Functions
Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Changing the display setup The 961 offers several different options for display setup. To access these options, press the STAR key until you reach the SETUP MENU screen, then press the DISPLAY SETUP key. Display setup screen At the DISPLAY SETUP screen, you can view or edit any of the following options:...
Page 265 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions NOTE: DISPLAY SETUP If you’re viewing and editing information on the screen, and you press one of the five function keys to view other data, the 961 immediately cancels your edit-in-progress so that you can view the data requested by your function keypress.
Page 266: Table 9: Cross-Track Scale Options
Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions When setting the cross-track distance, the available choices depend on the DIST/SPEED UNITS (nautical miles, statute miles, or kilometers) that you selected on the DISPLAY SETUP screen. The relationship between the settings of DIST/SPEED units and XTE SCALE is illustrated in ”Table 9: Cross-track scale options”...
Page 267 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions To set the distance and speed units: 1. Press the CURSOR PAD to highlight the DIST/SPEED field, then press the EDIT key. 2. Press the CURSOR PAD left or right or press the ARROW keys to select either NM/KTS, MI/MPH, or KM/KPH.
Page 268 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 1. At the DISPLAY SETUP screen, press the CURSOR PAD to highlight the SAVE WPTS option, then press the EDIT key. 2. Press the CURSOR PAD left or right or press the ARROW keys to select either 10, 20, or 100. 3.
Page 269 SECURITY key. The ENTER PASSWORD dialog box appears. Password dialog box 2. Enter the Northstar-defined password (or if you already have a user-defined password, enter it instead), then press the CONFIRM key. The OWNER’S MESSAGE DISPLAY screen appears.
Page 270 By turning on the security system, you’ll always have to use the KEYPAD to enter either the Northstar- or user-defined password at the OWNER’S MESSAGE screen (this password will be hidden as you type on the screen) each time you turn on the system.
Page 271: Changing Navigation Setup
Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Entering a user-defined password 1. If you don’t want to use the Northstar-defined password, press the CURSOR PAD to highlight the PASSWORD field. 2. Press the EDIT key. 3. Use the KEYPAD to enter a new password.
Page 272 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions • geodetic datum • preferred loran GRI • waypoint switching • magnetic variation • distance, bearing, and steering calculations Each of these options is described in detail below. NOTE: NAVIGATION If you’re viewing and editing information on the SETUP screen, and you press one of the five function keys to view other data, the 961 immediately cancels your edit-in-progress so...
Page 273: Table 10: Datum List
Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 3. Press the CURSOR PAD down to highlight the MANUAL DATUM field, then press the EDIT key. 4. Press the CURSOR PAD up or down or press the ARROW keys to scroll the list of datums, organized alphabetically as in ”Table 10: Datum list”...
Page 274 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Table 10: Datum list (continued) Datum name Ellipsoid delta x delta y delta z (meters) (meters) (meters) Arc 1950—Zambia CL1880 -147 -283 Arc 1950—Zimbabwe CL1880 -142 -293 ARC-1960 MEAN VALUE CL1880 -160 -300 Arc 1960—Kenya CL1880 -161 -300...
Page 275 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Table 10: Datum list (continued) Datum name Ellipsoid delta x delta y delta z (meters) (meters) (meters) DOS 1968 (S.W. Pac. Isl.) INTL -199 -752 Easter Island 1967 INTL EUROPEAN 1950 MEAN VALUE INTL -121 European 1950—Cyprus INTL...
Page 276 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Table 10: Datum list (continued) Datum name Ellipsoid delta x delta y delta z (meters) (meters) (meters) Johnston Island 1961 INTL -204 Kandawala (Sri Lanka) EVRST Kerguelen Island (Indian Ocean) INTL -187 Kertau 1948 (Malaysia) EVRSTM KKJ (Finnish) FINN...
Page 277 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Table 10: Datum list (continued) Datum name Ellipsoid delta x delta y delta z (meters) (meters) (meters) North American 1927—Canal Zone CL1866 North American 1927—Caribbean CL1866 North American 1927—Central America CL1866 North American 1927—Cuba CL1866 North American 1927—East Canada CL1866...
Page 278 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Table 10: Datum list (continued) Datum name Ellipsoid delta x delta y delta z (meters) (meters) (meters) Ord. Surv. of Gt. Brit. 1936—Isle of Man, Wales AIRY -111 Ord. Surv of Gt. Brit. 1936—Scot. & Shetland Isl AIRY -111 Ord.
Page 279 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Table 10: Datum list (continued) Datum name Ellipsoid delta x delta y delta z (meters) (meters) (meters) SOUTH AMERICAN 1969 MEAN VALUE SA1969 South American 1969—Argentina SA1969 South American 1969—Bolivia SA1969 South American 1969—Brazil SA1969 South American 1969—Chile SA1969...
Page 280: Table 11: Reference Ellipsoid Constants
Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Table 10: Datum list (continued) Datum name Ellipsoid delta x delta y delta z (meters) (meters) (meters) WGS 1984 Zanderij (South America) INTL -265 -358 If you need help converting lat/lon from one datum to another, see ”Table 11: Reference ellipsoid constants”...
Page 281 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Table 11: Reference ellipsoid constants (continued) Reference ellipsoids a (meters) f (flattening) Krassovsky (KRASS) 6378245 1/298.3 South American 1969 (SA1969) 6378160 1/298.25 WGS 60 6378165 1/298.3 WGS 66 6378145 1/298.25 WGS 72 (WGS-72) 6378135 1/298.26 WGS 84 (WGS) 6378137...
Page 282: Figure 6: Passing A Waypoint
Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Figure 6: Passing a waypoint You may prefer manual switching for critical situations when trying to locate a buoy in dense fog, or maneuvering around a waypoint trying to find a lobster trap, and so on. Why? Manual switching lets you continually display distance and bearing information for the nearby waypoint—even if you’ve passed it—until you’re ready to manually advance to the next way-...
Page 283 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 2. Press the CURSOR PAD left or right or press the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW keys to select either AUTO or MAN (for manual). 3. When done, press the ACCEPT key (or CANCEL to leave the option unchanged).
Page 284 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 1. At the NAVIGATION SETUP screen, press the CURSOR PAD to highlight the MAG VARIATION option, then press the EDIT key. 2. Press the CURSOR PAD left or right or press the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW keys to select TRUE, AUTO, or MAN (for manual).
Page 285: Changing The Chart Setup
Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 1. At the NAVIGATION SETUP screen, press the CURSOR PAD to highlight the DIST/BRG/STEER option, then press the EDIT key. 2. Press the CURSOR PAD left or right or press the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW keys to highlight the desired option.
Page 286 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions • clearzoom • predictor line • the display of loran data on the INFO BARs • range rings • distance scale • past trip legs • chart update regions Each of these options is described in detail below. NOTE: CHART SETUP If you’re viewing and editing information on the...
Page 287 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Chart setup screen (waypoints) 2. Press the CURSOR PAD to highlight any of the WAYPTS TO DISPLAY lines, then press the EDIT key. 3. Press the CURSOR PAD left or right or press the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW keys to highlight the desired waypoint(s).
Page 288 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions you can turn on or off the display of waypoint names on the CHART screen. To set the CHART-screen display of waypoint symbols: 1. At the CHART SETUP screen, press the WAYPTS key. 2. At the second CHART SETUP screen, press the CURSOR PAD to highlight the WAYPT DISPLAY field, then press the EDIT key.
Page 289 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 2. Press the CURSOR PAD left or right or press the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW to select BEST, BETTER, or OFF. 3. When done, press the ACCEPT key (or CANCEL to leave the option unchanged). 4.
Page 290 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 3. When done, press ACCEPT (or CANCEL to leave the option unchanged). 4. Press RETURN to go back to the SETUP MENU screen. You can turn on or turn off the display of range rings on the Range rings CHART screen.
Page 291 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 1. At the CHART SETUP screen, press the CURSOR PAD to highlight the PAST TRIP LEGS option, then press the EDIT key. 2. Press the CURSOR PAD left or right or press the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW keys to select either ON or OFF.
Page 292: Loading, Updating, And Deleting Charts
The 961’s CD-ROM drive is used to install charts onto the 961. These charts can include either of the following types: • BSB-formatted ChartPack and ChartKit charts (CDs avail- able from Northstar dealers, Maptech, or NDI) • HCRF charts, such as ARCS charts (CDs available from ARCS agents/distributors) The 961’s SETUP MENU screen accesses the option for manag-...
Page 293 • view a list of HCRF permits on the 961 • enter your Northstar operator code (NOC) or HCRF user permit (which identifies you and your 961 to the UKHO) • sort or search any chart list by chart number, name, usage, or scale •...
Page 294 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions space available for charts, you won’t be able to load all the charts from this CD. When loading charts, you’ll see the number of charts in the database increasing and the space left for charts decreasing. Loading all BSB charts To load all the charts from the source CD: 1.
Page 295 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Loading marked BSB charts To mark and load individual charts from the source CD: 1. Press the STAR key to display the SETUP MENU screen, then press the CHART INVENTORY key. 2. Press the LOAD/UPDATE CHARTS key. 3.
Page 296 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions This section describes the 961’s HCRF chart-loading and Loading and chart-updating functions. Each function is introduced by a updating HCRF standard chart-management objective, which is outlined in the charts left margin of the major heading: Find the procedure you want to perform and just follow the instructions.
Page 297 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions you’ve installed 10 charts, you’ll have one ARCS license, one user permit, and 10 chart permits; if you’ve installed 100 charts, you’ll have one ARCS license, one user permit, and 100 chart permits, and so on. All three of these essential compo- NEED A HAND? nents are interrelated and know about each other.
Page 298 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions able at the time of purchase. The Skipper license doesn’t include weekly Update CDs for the charts; to obtain a newer version of a chart, you must re-purchase the chart at an addi- tional cost (as you do with paper charts). The Skipper series costs less than the Navigator because it doesn’t include the weekly updates.
Page 299 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Important considerations Please review and keep in mind the following considerations whenever loading or updating HCRF charts. CAUTION! It is recommended that you write-protect your Permit Disk by sliding the tab in the corner of the floppy so that you can see through the hole created after sliding the tab.
Page 300 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 961’s chart lists. With this in mind, if you mark for dele- tion any one of these multiple components, for example, a chart inset, the 961 will automatically delete all the com- ponents (the base chart and all its insets) when you pro- ceed with the deletion process.
Page 301 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Loading HCRF charts OBJECTIVE: You’ve just received To load HCRF charts, you’ll need: your HCRF charts and the Chart CD (contains the charts) want to load them onto the 961. You have either the Update CD (contains the updates to those charts) a Navigator license or a the Permit Disk (contains your license and the chart per-...
Page 302 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions To ensure that the 961 contains the chart(s) with the > most recent date, press the NEWEST VERSION key. To always replace chart(s) already in the 961, press the > ALWAYS OVERWRITE key. To never replace chart(s) already in the 961, press the >...
Page 303 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions HCRF summary dialog box 11.Press the OK key to display the LOADING CHARTS SUM- MARY dialog box, then press the CONFIRM key. 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D Page 13-41...
Page 304 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Updating HCRF charts OBJECTIVE: You subscribe to the Update CDs are cumulative, meaning that all corrections from Navigator series, have previous weeks are included on the Update CD. So, if you just received an Update haven’t installed the Update CD from a previous week, you CD for your charts, and can just skip to the most current weekly Update CD to load the...
Page 305 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions HCRF summary dialog box 6. Press the OK key to display the UPDATING CHARTS SUMMARY dialog box, then press the CONFIRM key. 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D Page 13-43...
Page 306 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Manually entering a chart permit OBJECTIVE: You’re out cruising and You can obtain a chart permit via ship-to-shore or email, but it have decided to go to an is preferable to obtain your chart permits through the usual area for which you have method (Permit Disk), since chart permits are 35 to 42 charac- the Chart CD and cur-...
Page 307 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Charts on disk screen 6. Press the CURSOR PAD to highlight the desired chart, then press the OPTION key to mark it “load” (the 961 won’t actually mark the chart “load” until you first enter the chart permit).
Page 308 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Enter navigator permit dialog box 7 . Use the KEYPAD to carefully enter the permit, using the LEFT ARROW key and RIGHT ARROW key as necessary. Where the + signs are required, you can scroll across them with the ARROW keys or use the ‘+’...
Page 309 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Deleting HCRF permits OBJECTIVE: You want to delete HCRF You can delete individual HCRF chart permits from the 961. chart permits from the Deleting a permit automatically deletes its associated chart. Also, 961, or you want to please note that if you delete the permit for only one of the delete all HCRF informa- multiple components of a chart, for example, a chart inset, the...
Page 310 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 1. Press the STAR key until you display the SETUP MENU screen, then press the CHART INVENTORY key. 2. At the CHART INVENTORY screen, press the HCRF SPE- CIFIC key. 3. At the HCRF CHARTS screen, press the REMOVE ALL HCRF key.
Page 311: Table 12: Hcrf Chart Errors
ARCS agent/distributor and be ready to give them this error number. For your convenience, the informa- tion in the table below is also included in the Northstar 961 GPS Chart Navigator ARCS Card (Northstar P/N GM1706), a laminated quick-reference bridge card that’s available from Northstar.
Page 312 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Table 12: HCRF chart errors (continued) Error Service What’s wrong? What can be done? number type HCRF05 Navigator Your Navigator license has expired. Contact your ARCS agent/dis- You can’t update charts unless you tributor for a license renewal. renew it.
Page 313 • view the list of HCRF permits on the 961 • enter your Northstar operator code (NOC) and user per- mit (which identifies you and your 961 to the UKHO) Viewing your HCRF user permit and license When you purchase charts from your ARCS agent/distributor, you’ll need to give them your user permit.
Page 314 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 1. Press the STAR key until you display the SETUP MENU screen, then press the CHART INVENTORY key. 2. At the CHART INVENTORY screen, press the HCRF SPE- CIFIC key to display the HCRF CHARTS screen (note that this screen doesn’t display a list of charts).
Page 315 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 3. At the HCRF CHARTS screen, press the LIST HCRF CHARTS key to display the HCRF CHARTS IN DATABASE screen. HCRF charts in database screen The HCRF CHARTS IN DATABASE screen lists all the charts installed in the 961 by chart number, chart name, name and date of the Chart CD used to load the chart, and name and date of the Update CD used to update the chart.
Page 316 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Viewing a list of chart permits To view a list of charts for which you have permits: 1. Press the STAR key until you display the SETUP MENU screen, then press the CHART INVENTORY key. 2.
Page 317 13-57. Entering your NOC and user permit To obtain a NOC and user permit, you must call the Northstar Service Department (not your dealer), who will require your name, address, vessel name, and 961 serial number, before you 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev.
Page 318 NOC and user permit. It is highly recom- mended that you enter this information with the assistance of the Northstar Service Department. To enter your NOC and user permit: 1. Press the STAR key until you display the SETUP MENU screen, then press the CHART INVENTORY key.
Page 319 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 7 . Press the OK key (or CANCEL to leave the fields unchanged). The 961 has several functions that help you manage your Common chart charts more effectively, including: functions • deleting charts • sorting and searching a chart list •...
Page 320 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions the 961, this screen will be blank). To the right of the SCALE column is a red vertical slide bar, which is relative to the size of the list of charts in the database. The smaller the slider, the larger the list;...
Page 321 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions To sort a chart list, press the CURSOR PAD left or right to highlight each screen’s category by column. To search on a column category, first press the CURSOR PAD left or right to highlight the category for which you want to search, such as chart number, chart name, etc.
Page 322 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Changing a chart’s usage During navigation, the 961 automatically selects and displays on the CHART screen the charts for your cruising area. To help the 961 manage this chart selection process, you can mark a chart in the database as either PREFER, NORMAL, or AVOID by using the USAGE key (this key isn’t available if the database is void of charts).
Page 323 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 2. Press the STAR key to display the SETUP MENU screen, then press the CHART INVENTORY key. 3. Press the LOAD/UPDATE CHARTS key. 4. At the CHARTS IN DATABASE screen, press the LOAD CHARTS key. The SELECT CHART SOURCE screen appears.
Page 324: Using Demo Mode
Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Charts on disk screen You can sort or search on a list of the charts on the CD, includ- ing chart numbers, names, and usage, and display detailed information about the charts. To the right of the OPTION col- umn is a red vertical slide bar, which is relative to the size of the list of charts on the CD.
Page 325 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions sel anywhere in the world, and can specify a course and speed. The 961 generates dead-reckoned position information as if it was coming from GPS fixes. Whenever you go to a new posi- tion or otherwise change your desired track, the 961 changes your dead-reckoning course to correspond.
Page 326 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions the slider, the smaller the list. The slider also indicates your position in the list, i.e. at the top, in the middle, at the bottom, or anywhere else in between. If there aren’t any user-defined waypoints in the database, the SETUP DEMO MODE screen will be empty.
Page 327 Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions 5. To accept, press the YES key. To decline, press the NO key. In either case, the 961 goes to the CHART screen. NOTE: SETUP DEMO MODE As with various other 961 screens, on this screen, you can display a waypoint’s position as either lat/lon or TDS, LAT/LON Loran-C TDs: Press the...
Page 328: Viewing The Time Information Screen
Chapter 13 - Customizing Setup Functions Viewing the time information screen The TIME INFORMATION screen displays: • today’s date • current time (in the selected time zone) • local sunrise time (at your present vessel position) • local sunset time (at your present vessel position) To access the 961’s TIME INFORMATION screen, press the STAR key until you reach the SETUP MENU screen, then press the TIME INFORMATION key.
Page 329: Service And Maintenance Functions
Service and Maintenance Functions Service functions ......14-2 Maintenance functions ....14-16 his chapter explains service information and receiver setup as well as maintenance functions, including how to install soft- ware updates;...
Page 330: Service Functions
Chapter 14 - Service and Maintenance Functions Service functions This section explains the SERVICE MENU screen options for viewing product information, configuring the receivers, setting up the ports, viewing GPS status, and saving and restoring databases and system logs at the SERVICE MENU screen. The 961’s PRODUCT INFORMATION screen provides you with Viewing product access to current information about the 961’s control head,...
Page 331 Installation Manual. In many cases, the reason for the failure is an open or shorted antenna cable, which can be repaired in the field. If this isn’t the source of the failure, call the Northstar Service Department for further instructions.
Page 332 Chapter 14 - Service and Maintenance Functions The 961’s RECEIVER INFORMATION screen provides you with Configuring the access to several of the 961’s GPS and DGPS (if installed) receiver receiver functions. To display these functions, press the STAR key until you reach the SERVICE MENU screen, then press the RECEIVER SETUP key.
Page 333 Chapter 14 - Service and Maintenance Functions NOTE: RECEIVER If you’re viewing and editing information on the INFORMATION screen, and you press one of the five function keys to view other data, the 961 immediately cancels your edit-in-progress so that you can view the data requested by your RECEIVER INFOR- function keypress.
Page 334 GPS position information, and avoids potential errors. You can adjust this option to 0°, 5°, 8°, 10°, or 15°; however, Northstar recommends that you leave this option at the fac- tory setting of 10°. To change the satellite elevation: 1.
Page 335 This feature enables it to switch to the best differential signal—before affect- ing your GPS accuracy. For normal operation, Northstar recommends that you leave both beacon frequency and baud rate at the AUTO setting. 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 336 Chapter 14 - Service and Maintenance Functions Generally, you’ll use automatic mode for everything except specialized applications. To choose automatic mode: 1. At the RECEIVER INFORMATION screen, press the CUR- SOR PAD to highlight the BEACON FREQ field, then press the EDIT key. 2.
Page 337 Chapter 14 - Service and Maintenance Functions 2. Press the CURSOR PAD left or right to highlight 200, 100, 50, or 25 bps. 3. When done, press the ACCEPT key (or CANCEL to leave the option unchanged). The 961’s GPS STATUS screen lets you see a display of all Viewing GPS status available satellites, including their signal strength and your expected accuracy, as well as the frequency, baud rate, and...
Page 338 For complete technical details about changing port setup options to interface your 961 with other equipment, see the Northstar 961 GPS Chart Navigator Installation Manual. The DATABASE FUNCTION screen provides access to several Saving and database maintenance options.
Page 339 Chapter 14 - Service and Maintenance Functions A blank, properly formatted floppy disk always has enough space to store your backed-up databases (a Zip disk also has enough space). If you receive the message “Unable to copy data to the removable disk,” check if the disk is write-pro- tected: To change the write-protection status of a floppy disk, use the tip of a pen to switch the position of the small square on the outer corner of the disk.
Page 340 Chapter 14 - Service and Maintenance Functions The SELECT DATABASE TO SAVE dialog box appears. Select database to save dialog box To save only your setup and service options (user prefer- > ences), press the USER PREFERENCE key. To save only your waypoints and routes, press the WAY- >...
Page 341 Chapter 14 - Service and Maintenance Functions Restoring a database To restore a previously saved database to the 961 (note that after you restore a database, you must restart the 961 for the system to “accept” the restored database): 1. Press the STAR key until you reach the SERVICE MENU screen, then press the DATABASES AND LOGS key.
Page 342 Chapter 14 - Service and Maintenance Functions The RESTORE DATA dialog box appears, defined as either user preference data, waypoint and route data, or all data, depending on which of the above options you chose. 3. Insert the disk into the drive (either a floppy disk or a Zip disk), then press the CONFIRM key.
Page 343 961’s log files, which should then be sent to the Northstar Service Department. If you have any questions, call Northstar and ask to speak with a marine ser- vice technician. To save the log files: 1.
Page 344: Maintenance Functions
Periodically, dust the processor, espe- cially around its floppy or Zip drive, and the CD-ROM drive. Periodically, you’ll receive a notice from Northstar about the Installing 961 release of a new version of 961 software. When you receive...
Page 345: Table 13: Service Checklist
For common problems, refer to ”Table 13: Service checklist” below. If your 961 isn’t working properly or for troubleshoot- ing an installation, be sure to refer to the Northstar 961 GPS Chart Navigator Installation Manual. If you still have prob- lems, call your dealer or call the Northstar Service Department at 978/897-6600.
Page 346 Check the coax cable and the connectors. Returning a 961 for Getting an RMA number service Before returning a 961 to Northstar for repair, you must con- tact either your dealer or Northstar for instructions and a Page 14-18 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 347 RMA number. If you purchased your unit through a dealer, call your dealer for an RMA number; if you don’t have a dealer, call the Northstar ser- vice department for an RMA number. For details about how to contact Northstar, see ”Technical support”...
Page 348 Chapter 14 - Service and Maintenance Functions Page 14-20 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 349: 961 Features And Specifications
961 Features and Specifications Navigation Charting: • BSB/NOAA raster charts such as Maptech Chartkit and ChartPack (Second Edition or higher) on CD-ROM for chart coverage • HCRF charts such as British Admiralty’s ARCS charts on CD-ROM for worldwide chart coverage •...
Page 350: Position Data
Appendix A – Specifications Position data • Latitude/longitude (158 datums) from GPS with one-sec- ond updates • Phantom Loran-C TDs (calculated from GPS) • Displays cursor position in lat/lon or Phantom Loran-C Steer screens • Easy-to-read graphical presentation (STEER screen and 3D STEER screen) •...
Page 351: Waypoint Navigation
Appendix A – Specifications • Stores track history • Stores unlimited number of waypoints per route • Update waypoint coordinates to vessel’s position • Edit waypoints or routes numerically or directly from CHART screen • Plan-trip function permits combination of waypoints and routes •...
Page 352: Miscellaneous Functions
Appendix A – Specifications Miscellaneous functions • Alarm functions • Dedicated brightness-control key • Dedicated zoom buttons (IN and OUT keys) • Automatic or user-selectable chart preferences • Built-in demo/look-ahead function • Anchor drag alarm • Tide-Track™ • Currents overlay •...
Page 353: Dgps Receiver (961Xd
Appendix A – Specifications • SC-104 port processes all USCG SC-104 message types, including 1 and 9 DGPS receiver (961XD) Signal processing • Type: 2-channel, fully automatic • Frequency range: 283.5–325.0 kHz (includes European frequencies) • Minimum signal: <5µV/m 100 bps •...
Page 354: Physical Features
Appendix A – Specifications • VGA monitor output • 200 PPNM speed output • External alarm output (future) • External SAVE input • External MOB input • NMEA output sentences: APB, BOD, BWC, GGA, GLC, GLL, GSA, GSV, HSC, MSS, RMA, RMB, RMC, VTG, WCV, WPL, XTE, ZDA, ZTG (conforms to NMEA v 2.0 and later.
Page 355: Options
Appendix A – Specifications • EMI—meets IEC-945; CE certified ° ° • Temperature—0 to 50 C maximum; 95 percent relative humidity, non-condensing Processor • EMI—meets IEC 945; CE certified ° ° • Temperature—0 to 50 C maximum • Operating voltage: 10-36 Volts DC System power •...
Page 356: Gps/Dgps Combination Antenna
Appendix A – Specifications Weight—1.5 pounds GPS/DGPS Combination Antenna • Model #AN205-P combination antenna (supplied with 50-foot cable and connectors): Mechanical enclosure—ABS plastic Weight—0.60 kg (1.32 lbs.) Dimensions: 152 mm(W) x 152 mm(L) x 67 mm(H) 6.00”(W) x 6.00”(L) x 2.63”(H) Polarization: Right-hand circular Gain, beacons: 20 dB Gain, GPS: 23 dB...
Page 357 GGlossary his glossary contains general navigational terms as well as terms found throughout the 961 Operations and Reference Manual. accuracy Absolute accuracy—the accuracy of your present position’s dis- played lat/lon coordinates, compared with lat/lon determined from a chart or other reference source. Repeatable accuracy—the ability to return to the same location using a receiver’s previously obtained coordinates.
Page 358: Glossary
Glossary coordinates A position defined by either latitude and longitude (see lati- tude and longitude); TDs (see TDs); or distance and bearing (see distance and bearing). The positions of lat/lon and TDs are referred to as absolute, and distance and bearing are relative; that is, distance and bearing are in relation to a certain refer- ence point.
Page 359 Glossary Estimated Time Enroute to the next waypoint, as calculated by the 961, according to your present speed and distance to the waypoint. fathom A depth measurement that equals six feet of water. Global Positioning System. Developed by the U.S. Department of Defense, GPS is a satellite navigation system that computes your position by using signals from a system of 24 earth-orbit- ing satellites.
Page 360 (in Washington state). Because the difference varies according to geographic location, the Northstar 961 automatically calculates magnetic variation, and uses it to display bearings as magnetic north. The variation at any location changes slowly over a period of years, and the 961 compensates, according to the current calendar year.
Page 361 A traditional navigation device that uses a paper chart and a needle to determine position. Phantom loran Northstar’s exclusive loran-simulation feature that converts GPS position information into Loran-C TDs—while you navi- gate with GPS or DGPS. PPNM Pulses Per Nautical Mile.
Page 362 Glossary secondaries The "slave" loran transmitters in a chain of at least three sta- tions. sentence A group of data in one of several formats defined by the National Marine Electronics Association. Speed Over Ground. The actual speed of your vessel relative to the bottom of the water;...
Page 363 Index Accuracy 2-14, G-1 absolute of the GPS receiver 2-14, G-1 repeatable Adjusting screen brightness 3-26 Alarms 12-6 changing alarm settings 12-3 clearing screen overview 12-4 types of alarm messages 12-2 understanding 12-7 understanding the audio ARCS charts (HCRF charts) Also see chart CDs, HCRF charts 13-51 ARCS license, viewing yours...
Page 364 13-54 13-37 important considerations 13-52 installed charts, viewing a list of 13-34 introducing 13-39 loading 13-35 Navigator series 13-55 Northstar operator code (NOC), entering 13-35 Skipper series 13-36, 13-37 storing/protecting 13-34 technical support 13-49 troubleshooting installation problems 13-42 updating 13-34...
Page 365 13-58 sorting and searching a chart list Clearing the chart screen 4-12 4-3, 13-26 ClearZoom COG. See Course-over-ground Contacting Northstar Coordinates 1-14, G-2 definition of 1-20 displaying Corrections 2-15 differential Course-over-ground (COG)
Page 366 10-2 displaying on the steer screens Distance and speed units, changing 13-4 1-19, 13-28 Distance scale bar Entering data using the keypad Feedback, sending yours to Northstar 1-8, 1-11 First start-up Function keys 1-15 introducing understanding the Global positioning system. See GPS...
Page 367 Index receiver 14-6 adjusting satellite tracking 14-5 changing the speed averaging value specifications 14-9 viewing status 14-6 viewing the GPS software version 2-13 understanding using to determine position Great circle 13-22 definition of 13-22 setting for Hardware features overview specifications HCRF charts.
Page 368 2-13 using GPS and DGPS NMEA definition of 14-19 Northstar website address Northstar, contacting Overview of the 961 Owner’s message 13-6 entering a personal message Page I-6 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...
Page 369 Index Password 13-6 getting a system password Phantom loran definition of 5-10 understanding Plotter function definition of Point-and-shoot navigation. See Navigation, going to a point on the chart screen Position accuracy using DGPS 2-14, 5-2 accuracy using GPS 4-37, 5-10, 13-27 displaying as loran 1-20, 4-4, 4-13 displaying yours on the chart screen...
Page 370 Index 4-34, 8-23 deleting a route point on the chart screen displaying 8-21 editing a route on the chart screen 8-17 editing a route on the routes screen 8-24 erasing a route on the routes screen 10-10 following a route from the chart screen 10-6 following a route from the routes screen 4-25...
Page 371 Index 3-13 overview Setting up your 961 3-11, 4-35, 13-1 changing the chart setup 3-13, 14-4 changing the DGPS and GPS receiver setup 3-11, 13-1 changing the display setup 3-11, 13-1 changing the navigation setup 3-13 changing the port setup Signal-to-noise ratio definition of SNR.
Page 372 Index Technical support. See Service Test-power switch, using the TideTrack 13-5 changing tide-height display units 12-8 definition of overview 12-12 removing tide stations from the chart screen 12-9 selecting a tide station on the chart screen 4-10, 12-9 viewing tide stations on the chart screen Time 13-3 changing time zone...
Page 373 Index 13-27 display of 1-17 symbol Warranty statement Waypoints 10-18 adding a waypoint to the end of your trip 6-13 copying and changing an existing waypoint 1-14, 6-2 definition of displaying 4-31, 6-14 editing a waypoint on the chart screen 6-14 editing a waypoint on the waypoints screen 6-16...
Page 374: Index
Index Page I-12 961 Operations and Reference Manual Rev. D...

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