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organization which promotes development
of electronics technology.
IP (Internet Protocol) Address: A
unique 32-binary-digit number that identifi es
each sender or receiver of information sent
in packets.
Infrastructure: A wireless network or
other small network in which the wireless
network devices are made a part of the
network through the Access Point.
ISP (Internet Service Provider): A
company that provides access to the Internet
and other related services.
IV (Initialization Vector): The header
section of a message packet.
LAN (Local Area Network): A group
of computers and peripheral devices con-
nected to share resources.
LED (Light Emitting Diode): The
lights on a hardware device representing the
activity through the ports.
MAC (Medium Access Control) Ad-
dress: A unique number that dis tin guish es
network cards.
Mbps (Mega Bits Per Second): A
mea sure ment of millions of bits per second.
MDI/X (Media Dependent
Interface/Cross-over): Port on a
network hub or switch that crosses the
incoming transmit lines with the outgoing
receive lines.
MHz (MegaHertz): One million cycles
per second.
MIB II: A database containing performance
information and statistics on each device in a
network.
MIPS (Million Instructions Per Sec-
ond): A measurement of processing speed.
NAT (Network Address Transla-
tion): An internet standard that enables
a LAN to use one set of IP addresses for
internal traffi c and a second set for external
traffi c.
NIC (Network Interface Card): An
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expansion card connected to a computer
so the computer can be connected to a
network.
Packet: A block of data that is transferred
as a single unit, also called a frame or a block.
Packet Filtering: Discarding unwanted net-
work traffi c based on its originating address
or its type.
PCI (Peripheral Component In ter -
con nect): A bus that is connected directly
to the CPU.
PCMCIA (Personal Computer
Mem o ry Card International As-
so ci a tion) Card: Removable module that
adds features to a portable computer.
Ping (Packet Internet Groper): An
Internet utility used to determine whether a
particular IP address is online.
Plug and Play: Hardware that, once
installed ("plugged in"), can immediately be
used ("played"), as opposed to hardware that
requires manual confi guration.
PoE (Power over Ethernet): A mech-
a nism to send DC power to a device using a
CAT5 Ethernet cable.
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol
over Ethernet): A specifi cation for con-
necting users on an Ethernet line to the Inter-
net through a common broadband medium.
Protocol: A standard way of exchanging
information between computers.
RADIUS (Remote Authentication
Dial In User Service): A server that
issues authentication key to clients.
RAM (Random Access Memory):
Non-permanent memory.
Repeater Hub: A device that collects,
strengthens and transmits information to all
connected devices, allowing the network to
be extended to accommodate additional
workstations.
RC4: The encryption algorithm that is used
in WEP.
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