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10BaseT or 100BaseTx: 802.3 based
Ethernet network that uses UTP (Unshielded
twisted pair) cable and a star topology. 10 is
10 Mbps and 100 is 100 Mbps.
802.1x: The standard for wireless LAN au-
thentication used between an AP and a client.
802.1x with EAP will initiate key handling.
Ad-Hoc Network: The wireless network
based on a peer-to-peer communications
session. Also referred to as AdHoc.
Bandwidth: The transmission capacity of a
computer or a communication channel, stated
in Megabits per second (Mbps).
BSS (Basic Service Set): An 802.11
net work ing framework that includes an Ac-
cess Point.
Bus Mastering: A system in which the
specifi ed Input/Output device (e.g. NIC Card)
can perform tasks without the intervention
of the CPU.
Client: A PC or workstation on a network.
Cross-Over Wiring: A UTP cable that
has its transmit and receive pair crossed to
allow com mu ni ca tions between two devices.
DCE (Data Communications Equip-
ment): Hardware used for communica-
tion with a Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)
device.
Default Gateway: The IP Address of
either the nearest router or server for the
LAN.
Default Parameter: Parameter set by
the manufacturer.
Destination Address: The address por-
tion of a packet that identifi es the intended
recipient station.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Confi gura-
tion Protocol): Based on BOOTP, it uses a
pool of IP addresses, which it assigns to each
device connected to it, and retrieves the ad-
dress when the device becomes dormant for
a period of time.
DNS (Domain Name System): Sys-
tem used to map readable machine names
into IP addresses
Driver: Software that interfaces a computer
with a specifi c hardware device.
DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread
Spectrum): Method of spreading a wireless
signal into wide frequency bandwidth.
DTE (Data Terminal Equipment):
Device that controls data fl owing to and from
a computer.
Dynamic IP Address: An IP address that
is automatically assigned to a client station in a
TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server.
ESS (Extended Service Set): A set of
two or more BSSs that form a single sub-net-
work. ESS-ID is user identifi cation used in the
ESS LAN confi guration.
Ethernet: The most widely used ar chi -
tec ture for Local Area Networks (LANs). It
is a shared-media network architecture. The
IEEE 802.3 standard details its functionality.
Ethernet cable: A wire similar to tele-
phone cable that carries signals between
Ethernet devices.
File and Print Sharing: A Microsoft ap-
plication that allows computers on a network
to share fi les and printers.
Firmware: Programming inserted into pro-
grammable read-only memory, thus becoming
a permanent part of a computing device.
Frame: A fi xed block of data, transmitted as
a single entity. Also referred to as packet.
Full-Duplex: To transmit on the same
channel in both directions simultaneously.
Gbps (Giga Bits per second): One
billion bits per second.
Half-duplex: To transmit on the same
channel in both directions, one direction at a
time.
Hub: A device which allows connection of
computers and other devices to form a LAN.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers): The professional
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