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Figure
17
HORIZONTAL
WELDING
Horizontat welding refers to one type of butt weld between
two plates in a ve_tica] plane. For practice,
set up a plate
as for vertical welding and run straight
beads across from
]eft to right (fig. t..'2). Use the same current settings as for
verffcal-down
welding
and hold the rod as indicated with
a short arc. Move the rod in c_ straight
line and deposit
a light bead. The rate of travel will c_epend upon the current
used. Too slow a travel wiff cause the bead to sag (fig. t3).
Practice with 3/32,
1/8 and 5/32-inch
rods until a well
formed bead can be made with each size rod (fig. 14).
Sheet metal
up to 1/16-inch
thick can be butt welded
from
one side. If the seam
has
numerous
gaps,
use a back-up
strip,
allowing
a
sffght
gap
between
edges
of
1i8qnch
thick
meta!
and
weld
from
both
sides (fig.
15). All metal
3/16-inch
tt_ick and
over
should
be beveled
and welded
with
a number
oF £asses
(f_g.
16). Tharough}y
dean
each
bead
before
laying
the
next
and
use higher
current
than
for single-pass
welding.
The appearance
of c_ multiple-pass
horizontal
weld
can be
improved
by
vertical
down
beads
laid
ctosety
together.
Use a swift circular
motion
to the right;
slowly
downward
while
welding
(fig. 17)-
OVERHEAD
WELDING
Although
overhead
welding _sgenerally
considered diffi-
cult, do not become discouraged, as it is being done every
day by people wl_o have taught themselves. Once the art
of maintaining
a short arc has been
mastered, the rest
will be easy.
Since there wilt be a shower of sparks,
wear a leather
jacket,
tight
fitting
cap and ear plugs and keep
the practice
plate
slightly
higher
than
the top of your
head
when stanoqng. To
keep sparks
out of your
glove, grasp the electrode
holder
as
indicated
in figure
18 and hold
the rod
in a nearly vertical
position
with
a slight tilt
to the right.
Drape
the cable over
your
shoulder
so its weight
will
not interfere
with
the use
of the electrode,
Use 7/8.inch
rods and a current
setting
the
same as for vertical
welding,
and move
the rod in a straight
line
without
any
weaving
or
whipping
motions.
A
reasonably
fast rate of
travel
must
be used to prevent
the
bead from
sagging
and undercutting
along
the edges. Vary
the
rate
of
travel
and
notice
its effect
on the
size and
appearance
of
the
weld,
When
you
feel
you
can
run
a
satisfactory
bead,
try
the side-to-side
weaving
motion
and
deposit
a thin
weld
approximately
3/4-inch
wide,
The
movement
must
be
somewhat
faster
than
for
other
positions
to
keep the bead from
sagging.
(This
method
of
weaving
is used only
for the last pass on heavy welds where
improved
appearance
is necessary.)
The whipping
motion is used where a gap exists between
the plates
as it provides better
penetration
with higher
welding
current. For practice work, set up two plates ap-
proximately
1/8-inch thick, allowlng
a gap between them.
Burn in deep for good penetration with 1/8 and 5/32-inch
rods, varying the plate size and gap distances.
F;gu_'e
18
Figure
19
plrll
I
I
Fillet welds
for
lap
or
tee-}o_nts
are
most common
in the
overhead
poshiom
Tc_ck-wetd
two
pieces
of
scrap
iron
together
to form
a tee-joint,
and
clamp
in the overhead
position
so one
plate
ts
t_eld
vertically
(fig.
19). Hofd the
rod at angles
indicated
and
deposit a light
bead
from left
to right
without
weaving
o,r whipping
movements.
A slightly
higher
current
than
used
fo:r
overhead
butt
welds wifl
be
necessary
to get goad
:penetration
at the root of the weld.
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