Product Description; Introduction; Overview - GE D30 Instruction Manual

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1INTRODUCTION
The D30 Line Distance Relay is a microprocessor-based relay intended for use on transmission lines of any voltage level,
without, with, and in the vicinity of series compensation, in three-pole tripping applications. The primary function of the relay
consists of three phase and ground distance zones of protection, either mho or quadrilateral as per user selection. The dis-
tance elements are optimized to provide good measurement accuracy with a fast operating time, even when used with
capacitive voltage transformers, and can be supervised by detection of power swings. The relay also provides directional
ground overcurrent elements, which are commonly used as part of an overall line protection system.
D30 phase distance zones can be configured to work with voltages and currents fed from VTs and CTs located indepen-
dently from one another on either side of a three-phase power transformer. The relay compensates accordingly to preserve
reach and correct target information regardless of the location and type of fault. This feature allows backup protection appli-
cations for generators and power transformers.
A close-into-fault (or switch-on-to-fault) function is performed by the line pickup element. Out-of-step tripping, three-pole
autoreclosing, synchrocheck, fault location, and many other functions are also available. In addition, overcurrent and und-
ervoltage protection, fault diagnostics, power metering, and RTU functions are provided. The D30 provides phase, neutral,
and ground time overcurrent protection. The time overcurrent functions can be programmed with multiple curve shapes or
FlexCurve™ for optimum coordination.
Voltage, current, and power metering is built into the relay as a standard feature. Current parameters are available as total
waveform RMS magnitude, or as fundamental frequency only RMS magnitude and angle (phasor).
Diagnostic features include an event recorder capable of storing 1024 time-tagged events, oscillography capable of storing
up to 64 records with programmable trigger, content and sampling rate, and data logger acquisition of up to 16 channels,
with programmable content and sampling rate. The internal clock used for time-tagging can be synchronized via IRIG-B or
via the SNTP protocol over the Ethernet port. This precise time stamping allows the sequence of events to be determined
throughout the system. Events can also be programmed (via FlexLogic™ equations) to trigger oscillography data capture
which may be set to record the measured parameters before and after the event for viewing on a personal computer (PC).
These tools significantly reduce troubleshooting time and simplify report generation in the event of a system fault.
A faceplate RS232 port may be used to connect to a PC for the programming of settings and the monitoring of actual val-
ues. A variety of communications modules are available. Two rear RS485 ports allow independent access by operating and
engineering staff. All serial ports use the Modbus
with baud rates up to 115.2 kbps. The RS232 port has a fixed baud rate of 19.2 kbps. Optional communications modules
include a 10BaseF Ethernet interface which can be used to provide fast, reliable communications in noisy environments.
Another option provides two 10Base-F fiber optic ports for redundancy. The Ethernet port supports IEC 61850, Modbus
TCP, and TFTP protocols, and allows access to the relay via any standard web browser (D30 web pages). The IEC 60870-
5-104 protocol is supported on the Ethernet port. DNP 3.0 and IEC 60870-5-104 cannot be enabled at the same time.
The D30 IEDs use flash memory technology which allows field upgrading as new features are added. The following single
line diagram illustrates the relay functionality using ANSI (American National Standards Institute) device numbers.
Table 2–1: DEVICE NUMBERS AND FUNCTIONS
DEVICE FUNCTION
NUMBER
21G Ground Distance
21P Phase Distance
25 Synchrocheck
27P Phase Undervoltage
27X Auxiliary Undervoltage
50DD Current Disturbance Detector
50G Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent
50N Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent
50P Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent
50_2 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent
51G Ground Time Overcurrent
51N Neutral Time Overcurrent
51P Phase Time Overcurrent
GE Multilin
®
RTU protocol. The RS485 ports may be connected to system computers
DEVICE FUNCTION
NUMBER
51_2 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent
52 AC Circuit Breaker
59N Neutral Overvoltage
59P Phase Overvoltage
59X Auxiliary Overvoltage
59_2 Negative Sequence Overvoltage
67N Neutral Directional Overcurrent
67P Phase Directional Overcurrent
67_2 Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent
68 Power Swing Blocking
78 Out-of-Step Tripping
79 Automatic Recloser
D30 Line Distance Relay

2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.1.1 OVERVIEW

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