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Heinz Walz GFS-3000 Handbook

Portable gas exchange fluorescence system
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Portable Gas Exchange
Fluorescence System
GFS-3000
Handbook of Operation
1.222 / 05.05
2. Edition: August 2005
gfs-3000_1e.doc
© Heinz Walz GmbH, 2005
Heinz Walz GmbH • Eichenring 6 • 91090 Effeltrich • Germany
Phone +49-(0)9133/7765-0 • Telefax +49-(0)9133/5395
E-mail info@walz.com • Internet www.walz.com
Printed in Germany

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  • Page 1 Handbook of Operation 1.222 / 05.05 2. Edition: August 2005 gfs-3000_1e.doc © Heinz Walz GmbH, 2005 Heinz Walz GmbH • Eichenring 6 • 91090 Effeltrich • Germany Phone +49-(0)9133/7765-0 • Telefax +49-(0)9133/5395 E-mail info@walz.com • Internet www.walz.com Printed in Germany...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    3.5 Li-Ion Battery Charger LC-02..........23 3.6 Li-Ion Battery 3025-A............. 25 4 Principle of operation..............26 4.1 Pneumatic diagram of the GFS-3000 ........26 4.2 Description of Pneumatic Pathway and Involved Components28 4.3 Measuring Point and Zero Point ..........30 4.3.1...
  • Page 4 5.3.4.4 Report................60 5.3.4.5 Program................62 5.3.4.6 Measured Values Column ..........63 5.3.4.7 Frequently Used Commands Buttons......63 5.4 GFS-3000 update ..............64 5.4.1 Using the GFS-3000 Panel-PC update software ....64 5.4.2 Updating the GFS-Win software........66 5.5 Programming................66...
  • Page 5 9.1 LED "POWER STATUS"............91 9.2 Error list .................. 91 10 Maintenance................92 10.1 Cleaning the GFS-3000............92 10.2 Replacing the Absorber in the Absorber tubes DRIER, HUMIDIFIER and CO2 ABSORBER ........92 10.3 Replacing Leaf Area Adapters and Foam Gaskets....93 10.4 Replacing Filters ..............
  • Page 6 CONTENTS 10.7 Mounting the Cuvette for Lichens/Mosses 3010-V32 .... 95 10.8 Mounting the Cuvette for Arabidopsis 3010-A....... 96 10.9 Exchanging the Spare Thermocouple 3010-CA/TCL ..... 99 10.10 Mounting the Outdoor-Set 3000-C/OS ......100 10.11 Adjusting the clip mechanism for the Light Source..100 10.12 Valve adjustment.............
  • Page 7 CONTENTS 13.6 LED Light Source 3040-L ............ 119 13.7 LED-Array/PAM-Fluorometer 3055-FL....... 120 14 Table: Saturation Vapor Pressure above Water ....122 15 Warranty conditions ..............126 16 Alphabetical Index ..............128...

  • Page 9: Safety Instructions

    Always ensure there is sufficient ventilation. Do not put the device anywhere near sources of heat. The Gas Analyzer of the GFS-3000 is sensitive to severe shocks and strong vibrations and may need recalibration afterwards. Connect the device only to the power source indicated in the operating instructions or on the device.

  • Page 10: Special Safety Instructions

    CHAPTER 1 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Special safety instructions 1. The GFS-3000 is a highly sensitive research instrument which should be used only for research purposes, as specified in this manual. Please follow the instructions of this manual in order to avoid potential harm to the user and damage to the instrument.

  • Page 11: Introduction

    It is small in size and can be battery-powered. Therefore the GFS-3000 is not only appropriate for use in laboratories, but is also an excellent device for use in the field. It offers the possibility to...
  • Page 12 CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION Combination of gas exchange and fluorescence PAM fluorometry and the Saturation Pulse Method provide detailed information on the flux of excitation energy into photochemical pathways. This information complements and extends the gas exchange information. Images of fluorescence parameters and PAR absorptivity reveal heterogeneities (patchiness and local damage) which cannot be distinguished by gas exchange measurements alone.

  • Page 13: System Components

    CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS 3 System Components System Components Overview Fig. 1: Overview on most important components of GFS-3000 Control Unit 3000-C Standard Measuring Head 3010-S LED Light Source 3040-L AC Power Supply 3020-N Li-Ion Battery 3025-A Li-ion Battery Charger LC-02...
  • Page 14 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS connectors attached to the front and other sides are described in chapter 3.2. Standard Measuring Head 3010-S, consisting of cuvette for leaves with closing mechanism, temperature control, light control, ventilation system (impeller), 3 light and 4 temperature sensors, tripod adapter, electronics for the Measuring Head.
  • Page 15 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Optional: Imaging-PAM The Imaging PAM (MINI-Head) can be connected to the GFS-3000. The operation will then be controlled via one computer running GFSWin ImagingWin concurrently. AC Power Supply 3020-N, with cable for connecting the AC Power...
  • Page 16 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Protection cover, which can be mounted onto the front side of the Central Unit 3000-C in order to protect pneumatic components, especially in the field or greenhouse. Legs, which are mounted to the Control Unit 3000-C. The legs are necessary if the Outdoor-Set 3000-C/OS is used.
  • Page 17 Central Unit 3000-C with a PC in order to transfer programs or data, to update the software of the Panel PC inside the GFS-3000 or to control the GFS- 3000 using an external PC via GFS-Win. Cable for 2x Auxiliaries 000130606205, which can be connected to the socket "AUX IN"...
  • Page 18 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Foam Gaskets, which have an adhesive tape at on side and fit onto the Leaf Area Adapters shown above. Following sets of foam gaskets are available: Foam Gaskets 8 cm (2 cm x 4 cm, 10 pcs, part #: 000244009314) Foam Gaskets 4 cm (1 cm x 4 cm, 10 pcs, part #: 000244013214) Foam Gaskets 3 cm...
  • Page 19 10 l mixing vessel, 2.5 m fiber-glass antenna, tubing with entrance filter, clips, elastic net and antenna holder for running the GFS-3000 in the field, using ambient air. DC-DC Converter 3020-DC For supplying power to the GFS-3000 via an external 12 or 24 V battery (e.g.
  • Page 20 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Chemical Bottles, filled with Soda Lime (CO absorber) 000160103401, Silica Gel (H O absorber) 000160103402, or Humidifying Granules 000160103403 for replacing the absorbers in the Absorber Tubes CO2 ABSORBER, DRIER and HUMIDIFIER. Spare Kit 3000-C/SK, box with spare parts, which are listed and described in chapter 3.4.

  • Page 21: Components And Connectors Attached To The Front And Other Sides Of The Central Unit 3000-C

    CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Components and Connectors attached to the front and other sides of the Central Unit 3000-C 11 12 Fig. 2: Components and connectors at the front side Two pneumatic connectors labeled "DRIER" for the Absorber Tube "DRIER" filled with Silica Gel. Two pneumatic connectors labeled "HUMIDIFIER"...
  • Page 22 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Pneumatic connector "VENT", which is the outlet, if the valves 3 or 5 are partly opened. Two pneumatic connectors labeled "FILTERS"/"PUMP" for a Filter 000140301225 mounted via two pneumatic adapters; the filter is integrated in the pneumatic path way behind the unit consisting of pump, absorbers and CO injection.
  • Page 23 18. LED "POWER"/"STATUS", which indicates the status of the power management of the GFS-3000. The power management is working, if the LED is flashing green with a frequency of 1 Hz (for error code see chapter 9.1) 19.
  • Page 24 Central Unit GFS-3000 with a PC via the "USB Communication Cable" (see 3.1) in order to transfer programs or data, to update the software of the Panel PC inside the GFS-3000 or to control the GFS-3000 with an external PC via GFS-Win.
  • Page 25 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Fig. 4: Components attached to the top and to the sides 30. Carrying handle which is locked in several positions 31. Push buttons on each side, which must be pushed to disable the lock mechanism and move the handle 32.

  • Page 26: Components And Connectors Of The Standard Measuring Head 3010-S

    CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Components and Connectors of the Standard Measuring Head 3010-S Fig. 5: Components of the Standard Measuring Head 3010-S Handle Closing mechanism, which is pushed down to close the cuvette, the opening mechanism (3) must engage. The knurled screw can be used to increase or decrease the pressure on the foam gaskets.
  • Page 27 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS 11. Distance Holder at each side fixing the lower cuvette half 12. Tripod adapter 13. Connector for the external light sensor 14. Remote push button to initialize the storage of a data record 15. Electronic box controlling the Standard Measuring Head 3010-S 16.
  • Page 28 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS 22. Light sensor inside the upper cuvette half measuring the light intensity incident on the upper leaf area (a light sensor is also available in the lower cuvette half). 23. Adapter mounting fiberoptic simultaneous measurement of gas exchange and fluorescence under ambient light conditions (if no fiberoptic is inserted the port must be closed by a Perspex screw) 24.
  • Page 29 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS 29. Impeller (radial fan) inside the cuvette driven by an external motor 30. Internal light sensor sitting on a small board, which is mounted to the frame via a small screw. The internal light sensor is connected via two pins.

  • Page 30: Content Of The Spare Kit 3000-C/Sk

    CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Fig. 9: Connectors at the front side of the electronic box 36. Connector for the External Miniature Quantum Sensor MQS- B/GFS 37. Remote push button to initialize the storage of a data record Content of the Spare Kit 3000-C/SK Fig.

  • Page 31: Li-Ion Battery Charger Lc-02

    CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Hose Connector Straight 6.4 mm (Part #: 000140701956) for connecting a tube with an inner diameter of 6 mm to the pneumatic connector "AIR IN"; if a long tube is used to draw in air. Adapter for CO Cylinder including sealings, which replaces the screw at the CO unit, if the CO...
  • Page 32 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Charger and the charging automatically starts after 5 s. Now the Display shows the following message: LiIon charge xx.xV x.xA xx.xAh In the charging voltage (xx.xV), the charging current (xx.xA) and the Capacity (xx.xAh) are displayed. The charging current is automatically controlled in dependence of the Battery voltage.

  • Page 33: Li-Ion Battery 3025-A

    CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS The Accumulators have to be disconnected and the Charging Unit LC-02 has to be switched off and on again. If this error appears further on please contact the Walz Support. For technical data proceed to chapter 13 Important Note: If a Battery is connected to the Charging Unit LC-02 without switching it on, the Charger will be powered by the connected Li-Ion...

  • Page 34: Principle Of Operation

    PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 4 Principle of operation Pneumatic diagram of the GFS-3000 Fig. 11 shows the pneumatic diagram of the GFS-3000, it is described in chapter 4.2. Legend for the pneumatic diagram shown in Fig. 11: Components attached to the front side of the Central...
  • Page 35 PUMP mass flow meter valve 5 cuvette filter CUVETTE valve 4 valve 2 valve 3 flow flow indicator indicator O Reference O Sample Reference Sample coarse filter coarse filter coarse filter coarse filter Fig. 11: Pneumatic diagram of GFS-3000...

  • Page 36: Description Of Pneumatic Pathway And Involved Components28

    PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION Description of Pneumatic Pathway and Involved Components The pneumatic pathway of the GFS-3000 shown in Fig. 11 runs as follows: Air is drawn in passing a coarse filter labeled "3000-C-/EF", which keeps away particles and small animals and reduces the noise of the pump.
  • Page 37 CHAPTER 4 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION reference cell of the Absolute Analyzer matches the CO value. The CO is usually supplied by little CO cartridges. A fine filter connected to the pneumatic connectors labeled "FILTERS" / "PUMP" removes the dust released by the pump and the absorbers.

  • Page 38: Measuring Point And Zero Point

    CHAPTER 4 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION the cuvette. A flow indicator follows. If the cuvette is not air tight the flow, shown by the flow indicator, will be reduced. The measuring gas flows through the analyzer cells "H O Sample" and "CO Sample".

  • Page 39: Mode Mp And Mode Zp

    CHAPTER 4 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION dH2O = H2O Sample – H2O Reference dCO2 = CO2 Sample – CO2 Reference In the software the values dH2O and dCO2 are displayed only in the Chart Window (see chapter 5.3.4.1.4). In the Values windows (see chapter 5.3.4.3) and in the Report window (see chapter 5.3.4.4) the values dH2O and dCO2 are displayed and stored under different names (see chapters 4.3.3 and 4.3.4) depending on the solenoid valve...

  • Page 40: Values Dco2Zp, Dh2Ozp, Dco2Mp And Dh2Omp Displayed In The Values Window

    CHAPTER 4 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION Flow Flow Flow Flow Flow Flow Measuring Gas Measuring Gas Measuring Gas Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference...

  • Page 41: Values Dco2Zp, Dco2Mp, Dh2Ozp And Dh2Omp Stored In A Data Record

    CHAPTER 4 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION and dH2OZP. The values in the fields dCO2MP and dH2OMP show "----". 4.3.4 Values dCO2ZP, dCO2MP, dH2OZP and dH2OMP stored in a data record Each stored data record includes the values dCO2ZP, dCO2MP, dH2OZP and dH2OMP. Storing a Zero Point "ZPi"...
  • Page 42 CHAPTER 4 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION Measuring Gas is going through the sample cells (after passing the cuvette with an enclosed leaf), the stored values dCO2MP and dH2OMP indicate the CO uptake and H O release by the enclosed leaf area. The stored data record is labeled as MP. The values dCO2ZP and dH2OZP of the data record MP will be occupied by the values dCO2ZP and dH2OZP of the data record ZP, which was stored last.

  • Page 43: Recommendation For Measuring Zero Points

    CHAPTER 4 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION cuvette. Therefore the accuracy of the measurement can be increased by measuring a ZPc instead of a ZPi. 4.3.5 Recommendation for measuring Zero Points In the beginning always a Zero Point should be measured, because the calculations of the gas exchange parameters for a Measuring Point MP depend on a Zero Point ZP.

  • Page 44: Measuring Light

    CHAPTER 4 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION previously introduced PAM fluorometers have proven a close correlation between thus determined YIELD-parameter (Fm'-F/Fm') and the effective quantum yield of photosynthesis in leaves, algae and isolated chloroplasts. The yield data are used to calculate the apparent electron transport (ETR). In addition to this central information, the fluorescence module also provides the possibility of measuring fluorescence quenching coefficients (qP, qN, NPQ).

  • Page 45: Detector Filters

    CHAPTER 4 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 4.4.4 Detector Filters The photodetectors are protected by long-pass filters with λ > 660 nm. 4.4.5 Actinic Light In chlorophyll-fluorescence terminology the actinic light is the continuous photosynthetic active radiation which drives photosynthesis. The fluorescence module provides actinic light via 24 red (peak wavelength: 640 nm) and 2 blue LEDs (peak wavelength (470 nm).

  • Page 46: Software Description

    SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 5 Software Description Introduction The GFS-3000 can be controlled using its touch sensitive panel- PC display, but for the first-time user and advanced functions we recommend to start with the GFS-Win software provided. The structure and handling of both control softwares are analogous.

  • Page 47: Usb-Driver Installation

    USB-driver installation The GFS-3000 device can be connected to the computer using the supplied USB cable. When the GFS-3000 is connected to an external computer for the first time, the PC automatically recognizes the new hardware and the “New Hardware Wizard” window appears.

  • Page 48: The Gfs-Win Main Window

    CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Fig. 14: GFS-Win user surface after program start when measure mode is switched off (default). 5.3.2 The GFS-Win main window The user surface of GFS-Win is divided in four different sections, which are briefly explained before details on the various functions will be outlined in the following chapter.

  • Page 49: Menu Selection

    Fig. 15: pull-down list under the menu point System • Update Searches for updates of the panel PC software and will lead through the installation process. • File transfer Allows to call up collected data files from the GFS-3000 and will move programs to the GFS-3000.
  • Page 50 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION • Measure mode ON Starts the communication between the computer and the GFS-3000. After the contact has been established, the GFS-3000 switches to the slave mode and can only be accessed via the connected PC until the GFS-Win software is ended.
  • Page 51 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Fig. 17: pull-down list Options1/Reset The reset buttons (Fig. 17) are only active, when an error occurred. In this case a request message appears in the message line under the Menu Selection. For a manual reset of the affected component double click on the active button (Battery Control, Central Unit, Flowmeter, Measuring Head).
  • Page 52 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Fig. 19: pull-down list Options1/Advanced Settings • Purge time defaults the time in which the system will be washed before and after measuring an automatic Zero Point (AutoZPirga) and test series with automatic Zero Point (Auto ZP). Times between 30 and 300 sec can be chosen.

  • Page 53: The Parameter Window

    Fig. 20: pull-down list Instructions The instructions list (Fig. 20) is a help section that provides a step-by-step guide for setup and operation of the GFS-3000. After clicking on the according setup help button, a Step-by-step mode can be chosen that appears in the line between the Windows Menu and the Index Cards (4.3.4)

  • Page 54: General

    CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 5.3.4.1.1 General The Filename button allows to entitle an upcoming measurement or to open an existing file. New data collected will be appended to the present records file. If a new file is created, the reference for the calculation (Area or Weight) must be entered.
  • Page 55 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION If NoAutoZP is selected and Start storing is clicked, a cycle of n Measuring Points (n*MP) or n Zero Points (n*ZP) will be stored depending on the selected mode (MP or ZP). This sequence is recommended for short-term experiments, a ZP must be measured directly before.

  • Page 56: Central Unit

    CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 5.3.4.1.2 Central Unit Input of the Flow rate between 600 and 900 µmol/s (equivalent to 800 to 1200 ml/min). The Flow can only be switched off when either H O or CO are controlled by the instrument (H O mode and CO mode are off).

  • Page 57: Measuring Head

    CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION No H O control; the air is directed straight through the H valve, without passing the Drier or Humidifier. 1. Set the absolute H O concentration in ppm; the resulting relative humidity inside the cuvette depends on the cuvette temperature.
  • Page 58 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION To set a light value a light source must be connected and mounted onto the cuvette. A set value between 0 and 2000 µmol*m can be chosen. For the temperature control the user can choose between three different settings and off: Follow ambient...

  • Page 59: Led-Array/Pam-Fluorometer 3055-Fl - Optional

    CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 5.3.4.1.4 LED-Array/PAM-Fluorometer 3055-FL - Optional The control elements for the fluorescence module appear, when the LED-Array/PAM-Fluorometer 3055-FL is connected. It is enabled in System, Enable/disable components. Create a file for data storage (with Filename in Window, Settings), before performing any fluorescence measurements.
  • Page 60 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Nevertheless, it should not be chosen to high to avoid an actinic effect or overloading of the fluorescence signal during Fm determination. To test, whether the measuring light causes an actinic effect, observe the fluorescence in a dark-adapted sample after switching the measuring light on, or after inserting the sample.
  • Page 61 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION duration of the saturating light pulse should be adjusted so that the plateau lasts for 200 to 300 ms. If no proper plateau is reached, the intensity of the saturation pulse is to low. If the fluorescence is quenched during the pulse, it is to high or long.
  • Page 62 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION absorbed by the leaf. It is used for the calculation of ETR. A mean value for green leaves in moderate climate is 0.84, which should be used if the ETR-Factor can not be determined. When using the Imaging PAM, the ETR-Factor automatically determined during...

  • Page 63: Chart

    The Chart window (Fig. 21) simulates the function of a chart recorder. The record starts instantly when the measure mode is switched on and the PC got in contact with the GFS-3000. The chart provides the delineation of two user defined measurement categories in parallel.
  • Page 64 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION set of keys (not shown) control the lower value so that the graph can be fitted manually into the display. The buttons full and fine fit the curve automatically. Full shows the maximum Y-scale of the parameter selected and after pressing the fine button a very small scale is used to take a detailed look at the graph.

  • Page 65: Values

    For further informations about the underlying calculations proceed to chapter 6. Value Short definition Unit Date actual PC-date, not GFS-3000 setting yy-mm-dd Time actual time, taken from the PC, not from hh:mm:ss the GFS-3000 Code...
  • Page 66 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Object # object number for differentiation of several objects within the same report file (0001-9999) Area / reference value of the sample used for / mg Weight calculations (A / W) Status String CO2abs absolute CO concentration at the inlet of the cuvette dCO2ZP...
  • Page 67 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Tleaf leaf temperature °C Tamb ambient temperature °C PARtop photosynthetic active light measured with µmol/(m top sensor PARbot photosynthetic active light measured with µmol/(m bottom sensor PARamb Photosynthetic ambient light measured µmol/(m with external sensor MQS-B/GFS impeller speed (0-9) relative Tmin...

  • Page 68: Report

    CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 5.3.4.4 Report Fig. 23: The main window with the Report index card on top The Report window shows all the parameters known from the Values window (see above) that are stored with each Measuring Point, ZPcuv or ZPirga. For more details please proceed to the chapter Data Record Structure (chapter 8).
  • Page 69 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION recalculates the entire file. Thereby, the values are either calculated in respect to Weight or Area as indicated in the header of the file. It is also possible, to use the New Weight button on a file, which has been measured based on area or vice versa.

  • Page 70: Program

    CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 5.3.4.5 Program Fig. 24: The main window with the Program index card on top Automated procedures can be programmed in this window. Select single commands from the menu on the left side by a double- click and fill in the desired value. To see an existing program listing click on the left button and choose a program.

  • Page 71: Measured Values Column

    CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 5.3.4.6 Measured Values Column The Measured Values Column can be found on the right side of the main window. It shows measured and calculated parameters that can all be found as table on the Values index card. All these parameters can be allocated to the Values Column.

  • Page 72: Gfs-3000 Update

    GFS-3000 update 5.4.1 Using the GFS-3000 Panel-PC update software The latest available Panel-PC software version can be found and downloaded from the Walz homepage (www.walz.com). The update program works with the following windows systems: Windows 95, 98, 2000, Me, NT and XP.
  • Page 73 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Please note that after the GFS-3000 is updated also the GFS-Win software has to be updated. IMPORTANT NOTE: Never disconnect or switch off the GFS-3000 after the update process has been started (status window is colored red), even if your computer had a system crash.

  • Page 74: Updating The Gfs-Win Software

    This may take a few minutes. After the File transfer the GFS-3000 will reset and start again (a message box appears). When the GFS-3000 is completely started, the update is complete and the instrument can be switched off and disconnected.

  • Page 75: Command List

    CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION commands in the table below are commands for entering a set value (e.g. for flow, light, cuvette temperature) or for entering a definition (e.g. measuring interval, start storing). If in the program such a command line is reached, the command will be carried out within max.
  • Page 76 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Command Function Messagebox = to show a message during a program: after clicking on "Messagebox =" an input window appears and a text (remark) can be entered; when the program reaches the line with the message box, the program will be interrupted and a entered message will be shown at the screen;...

  • Page 77: Programming Rules

    Set value(Light) = to enter a set value for the light 5.5.3 Programming Rules When the GFS-3000 is controlled manually via the Settings window, some settings are blocked if another setting is not made before. For example: the CO control cannot be switched on, if the flow was not set before.

  • Page 78: How To Program

    CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION The flow should not be switched off via the command "Set value (Flow) = 0" as long as the CO or H O control is still switched Before the commands "Follow ambient temperature", "Set value(Tcuv) =", "Set value(Tleaf) =" or "Set value(Light) =" are used, the impeller must be switched on.

  • Page 79: Example Program For A Light Curve

    CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION by a click on the button "Delete". Several commands can be selected by clicking on the first command of the block, which should be selected (it will appear inverted). Then press the key SHIFT and click on the last command of the block, now the whole block will be inverted.
  • Page 80 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Storing interval =005/010 Define the storing interval with storing interval = 10 s and averaging interval = Start of the light curve Set value(Light) =1500 Set the light intensity (first step of the light curve) Interval =600 An interval of 600 s will elapse before the next command is carried out in order to give the CO...
  • Page 81 CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Measuring 3 Measuring Points for the first light step Start storing The storage of data records is started using the defined Storing interval of 10 s. Interval =30 An interval of 30 s will elapse Stop storing Storing is stopped, 3 MPs are stored Next light step Set value (Light) =1200...

  • Page 82: Calculations

    CHAPTER 6 CALCULATIONS 6 Calculations Input Parameters for the Calculations The following table lists the parameters integrated in the formula and directly assessed by the GFS-3000, a short description of the parameters and their unit. Measured value Description Unit Area...

  • Page 83: Calculation Of Transpirate Rate - E

    CHAPTER 6 CALCULATIONS Using the values provided by the GFS-3000, the relative humidity rh in the Standard Measuring Head 3010-S can be calculated as follows: − ∗ Oabs Pamb Tcuv where SVP(Tcuv) = saturation vapor pressure at Tcuv calculated according to Goff-Gratch [hPa] (see chapter 14).

  • Page 84: Calculation Of Vapor Pressure Deficit - Vpd

    CHAPTER 6 CALCULATIONS Using the values provided by the GFS-3000 and equations (4) - (8) the transpiration rate E can be calculated as follows: ∗ − Flow ∗ − − Area Oabs Calculation of Vapor Pressure Deficit - VPD According to Caemmerer and Farquhar (1981) the ALVPD (or VPD) is calculated as follows: −...

  • Page 85: Calculation Of Water Vapor Conductance - Gh2O

    H O mole fraction at the outlet of the cuvette w − Oabs (13) Using the values provided by the GFS-3000 and equations (10) - (13) the VPD can be calculated as follows: Tleaf − − Oabs Pamb...

  • Page 86: Calculation Of Co 2 Mole Fraction In The Cuvette - Ca

    − − (18) − (19) LA = Area (20) Using the values provided by the GFS-3000, equations (16) - (20) and the result of equation (9), the assimilation rate A can be calculated as follows: − Flow − − (21)

  • Page 87: Calculation Of Intercellular Co Mole Fraction - Ci

    H O as follows: (24) Using the values provided by the GFS-3000, equations (22) - (24) and the results of equations (9) and (21), the intercellular CO mole fraction ci can be calculated as follows: −...

  • Page 88: Fluorescence Calculations - Optional

    CHAPTER 6 CALCULATIONS Fluorescence calculations - Optional The following parameters re calculated from the fluorescence values Fo, Fm, F, Fo’ and Fm’: The photosynthetic yield indicates the quantum efficiency photosystem II (Genty et al. 1989, for a mathematical derivation see Schreiber et al.
  • Page 89 CHAPTER 6 CALCULATIONS qN has the advantage, that it ranges between 0 and 1. NPQ has the advantage, that it does neither require the determination of Fo nor Fo'. (29) qN=(Fm-Fm')/(Fm-Fo') or (Fm-Fm')/(Fm-Fo) depending on whether is Fo' determined (Fo’ Modus: on) . (30) NPQ = (Fm- Fm')/ Fm'...

  • Page 90: Values And Ranges

    CHAPTER 7 VALUES AND RANGES 7 Values and Ranges Value Definition Range, options Unit, format Date PC date (international yyyy-mm-dd standard date notation) Time PC time (international 00:00:00 -23:59:59 hh:mm:ss standard notation for time) Code Position of solenoid valves MP, ZP String Object Object number...
  • Page 91 CHAPTER 7 VALUES AND RANGES Value Definition Range, options Unit, format Tleaf Leaf temperature Tcuv-30 ... Tcuv+30 °C Tamb Ambient temperature -11.5 ... +53.5 °C PARtop Photosynthetic active 0 ... 2400 µmol/(m radiation in upper cuvette half PARbot Photosynthetic active 0 ...
  • Page 92 CHAPTER 7 VALUES AND RANGES Value Definition Range, options Unit, format Chart Fm’ Fluorescence of the 0…4000 illuminated leaf during a saturating light pulse Fo’ Fluorescence of reoxidized 0…4000 photosystem II illuminated with only far red illumination and measuring light after a saturating light pulse.

  • Page 93: Data Record Structure

    CHAPTER 8 DATA RECORD STRUCTURE 8 Data Record Structure Each file starts with two header lines. The first line gives the description of each column, the second line shows the unit or the format. After the two header lines data records are following, which include information, measured and calculated values.
  • Page 94 Status Status of the system indicating the operating status of String different components of the GFS-3000 (characters 1 FFFFFF--0 and 2 = Battery Management, characters 3 and 4 = Central Unit, characters 5 and 6 = Measuring Head, characters 7 and 8 = Fluorescence Module, character 9 = pressure inside CO volume).
  • Page 95 CHAPTER 8 DATA RECORD STRUCTURE is stored, then the field dCO2ZP is occupied by the measured dCO2ZP value. If a Measuring point MP is stored, then the field dCO2ZP is occupied by the dCO2ZP value of the last stored ZP. dCO2MP Measured difference between CO sample cell and...
  • Page 96 CHAPTER 8 DATA RECORD STRUCTURE Pamb Ambient barometric pressure. 99.34 Aux1 Input signal in mV of a sensor connected to Aux1 of AUX IN (see chapter 11.1). The input voltage for 2019 Aux1 is 0 ... 4095 mV. A linear function (offset and gain) can be applied to the input signal.
  • Page 97 CHAPTER 8 DATA RECORD STRUCTURE PARbot Photosynthetic active radiation (PPFD=photosynthetic µmol/(m²*s) active photon flux density) measured in the lower part 3.274362 of the cuvette of the Standard Measuring Head 3010-S by a light sensor type LS-A (see chapter 11.6 for spectral sensitivity). PARamb Photosynthetic active radiation (PPFD=photosynthetic µmol/(m²*s)
  • Page 98 CHAPTER 8 DATA RECORD STRUCTURE Vapor pressure deficit between leaf and air of the Pa/kPa enclosed sample. If a Measuring point MP is stored ---- and the sensors for Tcuv and Tleaf are recognized, 15.30276 VPD is calculated as described in chapter 6.4, otherwise the field VPD is occupied by "----".

  • Page 99: Trouble Shooting

    CHAPTER 9 TROUBLE SHOOTING 9 Trouble shooting LED "POWER STATUS" Error list...

  • Page 100: Maintenance

    Make sure that the instrument is only switched off after passing the exit procedure avoid condensations inside the instrument. Only store the GFS-3000 with an opened and dried cuvette. 10.2 Replacing the Absorber in the Absorber tubes DRIER,...

  • Page 101: Replacing Leaf Area Adapters And Foam Gaskets

    CHAPTER 10 MAINTENANCE For humidification a ceramic granulate (Stuttgarter Masse) is used, which only has to be moistured from time to time with distilled water. Please pay attention that no spare water assembles at the bottom of the cartridge. The material can be autoclaved to prevent the growth of algae.

  • Page 102: Replacing Filters

    CHAPTER 10 MAINTENANCE 10.4 Replacing Filters The filters for PUMP, CUVETTE and AIR IN on the front panel can be removed by pressing the clamp button at the connection pipe. Slightly turn and pull the filter out of the pneumatic adapters. One spare filter is supplied with the Spare kit 3000-C/SK.

  • Page 103: Mounting The Cuvette For Lichens/Mosses 3010-V32

    CHAPTER 10 MAINTENANCE Just pull out the small rod of the Standard Measuring Head (no tool is needed) and insert the new one through the drill hole of the tripod adapter that the blunt end points to the handle. Afterwards the distance holders can be fixed again.

  • Page 104: Mounting The Cuvette For Arabidopsis 3010-A

    CHAPTER 10 MAINTENANCE the tripod adapter so that the blunt end points to the handle. Afterwards the distance holders can be fixed again. For mounting new gaskets the cylindrical cuvette can be used. Just put the gasket on the cuvette body, pull off the protective film and press the cuvette plate on it.
  • Page 105 CHAPTER 10 MAINTENANCE screws (The easiest mounting way is to plug the Cuvette Adapter Angle onto the Arabidopsis Pot Holder and mount it in this position to the cuvette frames). The thin sheet of the Adapter Angle is mounted on the formerly top cuvette frame (now in the upright position) and the formerly lower cuvette frame is rotated 90 degrees and mounted on top of the Arabidopsis Cuvette Adapter Angle, please pay attention that the hoses are not buckled.
  • Page 106 CHAPTER 10 MAINTENANCE and place the pot in the middle of it. The adapter plate has the right elevation when the applied (but not screwed) top of the Pot Holder shows a gap of about 1 mm to the bottom part. Only in this configuration the upper brim of the flower pot is sealing completely with the foam in the upper part of the Pot Holder.

  • Page 107: Exchanging The Spare Thermocouple 3010-Ca/Tcl

    CHAPTER 10 MAINTENANCE plant should be measurable (if the valve is too close, only respiration is measured). 10.9 Exchanging the Spare Thermocouple 3010-CA/TCL The thermocouple for leaf measurements is mounted with an aluminum plate in the lower cuvette frame. 4 pins with which the temperature sensor can be exchanged realize the electrical connection.

  • Page 108: Mounting The Outdoor-Set 3000-C/Os

    The mixing volume is fixed with a luggage net between the legs of the instrument and the short tube is connected with the Air In pneumatic connector of the GFS-3000 instead of the 3000-C/EF filter, whereas the long is mounted on the antenna and sucks in air, elevated 2,5 m above the ground.

  • Page 109: Valve Adjustment

    The adjustment of the internal Restrictor valves (see Fig. 3) can be necessary after changing the dynamic pressure or the setup of the GFS-3000 cuvette. The valve adjustment tunes the system so that the pressure in the cuvette of the Measuring Head is the same for mode MP and ZP shown by the flow indicators (Fig.

  • Page 110: Calibration

    CHAPTER 10 MAINTENANCE 10.13 Calibration 10.13.1 Determination of the Light source Factor The light intensity of the Light sources 3055-FL, 3040-L and IMAG- MIN/B and /R is measured by the PARtop or PARbot sensor depending on the chosen Light Mode. These light sensors are located at the rim of the cuvette frame, respectively.

  • Page 111: Zero Point Adjustment For Water Vapor And Carbon Dioxide Absolute

    10.13.2 Zero Point adjustment for water vapor and carbon dioxide absolute The analyzers used in the GFS-3000 are non-dispersive infrared photometers (NDIR) using measurements of the selective absorption in a column of gas. The measuring effect derived from absorption of infrared radiation is due to the gas being measured.
  • Page 112 CHAPTER 10 MAINTENANCE In order to carry out a zero point adjustment for water vapor absolute or carbon dioxide absolute, zero gas that is free of both H and CO must be passed through the measuring and reference side. The adjustments must be carried out with extreme accuracy, otherwise all subsequent measurements will be faulty.
  • Page 113 CHAPTER 10 MAINTENANCE calibration process and enter a set value of the calibration gas (between 1 ... 2200 ppm). The two upper fields in the right column show the CO absolute value of the reference cell (CO2abs) and the absolute value of the sample cell (CO2sam). If both values have stabilized, a CO span adjustment can be carried out via OK.
  • Page 114 CHAPTER 10 MAINTENANCE Remove the filter connected to PUMP. Connect the lower connector of PUMP to the inlet of the humidifying bottle. And connect the outlet of the humidifying bottle to the inlet of the cold trap. Attention: Do not connect the outlet of the cold trap to the upper connector PUMP!!! (If it is connected and the humidifying bottle is inserted the wrong way, the analyzer will be damaged.)

  • Page 115: Appendix

    CHAPTER 11 APPENDIX 11 Appendix 11.1 Pin Assignments of connectors at the Central Unit 3000-C "AUX IN" 1 input AUX2 (+0...4095 mV) 3 input AUX1 (+0...4095 mV) 4 GND "COMP" 1: RS485/A 2: output (+14 ...16 V) 3: RS485/B 4: GND "USB"...

  • Page 116: Pin Assignments Of Connectors At The Standard Measuring Head 3010-S

    CHAPTER 11 APPENDIX 1: output (+14 ...16 V) 2: GND 3: GND 4: GND 5: RS485/B 6: output (+14 ...16 V) 7: output (+14 ...16 V) 8: RS485/A 11.2 Pin Assignments of connectors at the Standard Measuring Head 3010-S The connectors at the Standard Measuring Head 3010-S are not labeled, in favor a short description of each connector is given! Connector for an additional component;...

  • Page 117: Assignment Of The Aux Cable

    CHAPTER 11 APPENDIX Connector for the connecting cable between Standard Measuring Head 3010-S and Central Unit 3000-C. The cable usually remains connected to the measuring head. 1: input (+14 ...16 V) 2: GND 3: GND 4: GND 5: RS485/B 6: input (+14 ...16 V) 7: input (+14 ...16 V) 8: RS485/A Connector for the External Miniature Quantum...

  • Page 118: Information On Chemicals

    CHAPTER 11 APPENDIX 11.4 Information on chemicals 11.4.1 Sodalime Sodalime pellets with indicator GR for analysis Hazard signs: R Phrase: R 34 Causes burns. S Phrase: S 26-36/37/39-45 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek Corrosive medical advice.

  • Page 119: Humidifying Granules (Stuttgarter Masse)

    CHAPTER 11 APPENDIX 11.4.3 Humidifying Granules (Stuttgarter Masse) Stuttgarter Masse Grain Size 3 – 5 mm Technical data: Material: ceramic bulk Filtration finesse: micro organism carrier Temperature res.: up to 600 °C Chemical res.: pH 0 - 9 Field of application: Fixed bed filter for water treatment Carrier material for gas detector devices Carrier material for catalysators...

  • Page 120: Spectral Sensitivity Of The Light Sensor Mqs-B/Gfs

    CHAPTER 11 APPENDIX 11.5 Spectral Sensitivity of the Light Sensor MQS-B/GFS Fig. 25 and Fig. 26 show the relative spectral sensitivity of the light sensor type MQS-B/GFS, which is used to measure the ambient light intensity PARamb. Fig. 25 gives the spectral sensitivity regarding the energy flux density, Fig.

  • Page 121: Spectral Sensitivity Of The Light Sensor Ls-A

    CHAPTER 11 APPENDIX 11.6 Spectral Sensitivity of the Light Sensor LS-A Fig. 27 and Fig. 28 show the relative spectral sensitivity of the light sensor type LS-A, which is used to measure the light intensity in the upper (PARtop) or lower part (PARbot) of the cuvette. Fig. 27 gives the sensitivity regarding the energy flux density, Fig.

  • Page 122: Literature

    CHAPTER 12 LITERATURE 12 Literature Bilger W, Björkman O (1990) Role of xanthophylls cycle in photoprotection elucidated by measurements of light-induced absorbance changes, fluorescence and photosynthesis in Hedera canariensis. Photosynthetic Research 25, 173-185 Butler WL, Kitajima M (1975) Fluorescence quenching in photosystem II of chloroplasts. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 376, 116-125 Genty B., Briantais J-M, Baker NR (1989) The relationship between Quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence.

  • Page 123: Technical Data

    CHAPTER 13 TECHNICAL DATA 13 Technical data Subject to change without prior notice. 13.1 Control Unit 3000-C Design: Aluminum housing featuring integrated PC module, large graphical LC-display with touch screen, 4-channel CO gas analyzer, flow control, CO control (supplied via small cartridges or cylinders) and H O control (for drying and humidifying).
  • Page 124 CHAPTER 13 TECHNICAL DATA display area 11.5 cm x 8.6 cm) with backlight and touch screen Data storage capacity: 64 MB flash card control: Integrated CO control via thermal valve, range 0 to 2000 ppm, CO supply via CO cartridges (10 ml CO , life time 1 week at 350 ppm) or via CO cylinder with pressure...

  • Page 125: Standard Measuring Head 3010-S

    CHAPTER 13 TECHNICAL DATA Operating time: 2 to 4 hours type. with one Li-Ion Battery, 4 to 8 hours type. with two Li-Ion Batteries Operating temperature: -5 to +45 °C Dimensions: 43 cm x 28 cm x 26 cm (L x W x H) Weight: 11.1 kg (incl.

  • Page 126: Ac Power Supply 3020-N

    CHAPTER 13 TECHNICAL DATA External miniature quantum sensor: Selective PAR measurement, range 0 to 2500 µmol m PAR, accuracy ±5 %, cosine corrected Internal light sensor: Selective PAR measurement, range 0 to 2500 µmol m PAR, accuracy ±10 %, two sensors, one in the upper and one in the lower part of the cuvette Cuvette ventilation system: Two frequency controlled impellers, one each in upper and lower part of the cuvette, speed...

  • Page 127: Li-Ion Battery 14.4 V/12 Ah 3025-A

    CHAPTER 13 TECHNICAL DATA 13.4 Li-ion Battery 14.4 V/12 Ah 3025-A Design: High performance maintenance free rechargeable Li-ion battery with protection circuit, black Plexiglas housing Nominal voltage: 14.4 V Typical capacity: 12 Ah Operating temperature: -10 to +60 °C (discharge) and 0 to 50 °C (charge) Dimensions: 28 cm x 15.5 cm x 2.8 cm (L x W x H) Weight: 1.7 kg...

  • Page 128: Led-Array/Pam-Fluorometer 3055-Fl

    CHAPTER 13 TECHNICAL DATA Light intensity: Range 0 to 2000 µmol m PAR max., type. 92 % red (640 nm) and 8 % blue (470 nm) Homogeneity of light distribution: ±20 % at leaf level Leaf area: 8 cm Power consumption: 5 W max., power supply via Standard Measuring Head 3010-S Operating temperature: -5 to +45 °C Dimensions: 7.5 cm x 4.5 cm x 5.5 cm (L x W x H)
  • Page 129 CHAPTER 13 TECHNICAL DATA Power consumption: 6 W max., power supply via Standard Measuring Head 3010-S Operating temperature: -5 to +45 °C Dimensions: 7.5 cm x 4.5 cm x 6.5 cm (L x W x H) Weight: 200 g...

  • Page 130: Table: Saturation Vapor Pressure Above Water

    CHAPTER 14 SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE 14 Table: Saturation Vapor Pressure above Water The following three tables show the saturation water vapor pressure above water. The table values were calculated with the formula of Goff-Gratch (List, Robert J.; Smithsonian Meteorological Tables; Smithsonian Institution Press;...

  • Page 131: Saturation Vapor Pressure

    CHAPTER 14 SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE Table 1 Temp. °C 0.064 0.071 0.072 0.073 0.074 0.075 0.075 0.076 0.077 0.078 0.079 0.080 0.081 0.082 0.082 0.083 0.084 0.085 0.086 0.087 0.088 0.089 0.090 0.091 0.092 0.093 0.094 0.095 0.096 0.097 0.099 0.100 0.101 0.102...
  • Page 132 CHAPTER 14 SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE Table 2 Temp. °C 6.108 6.152 6.197 6.242 6.288 6.333 6.379 6.426 6.472 6.519 6.566 6.614 6.661 6.709 6.758 6.807 6.856 6.905 6.955 7.004 7.055 7.105 7.156 7.207 7.259 7.311 7.363 7.416 7.469 7.522 7.575 7.629 7.683 7.738...
  • Page 133 CHAPTER 14 SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE Table 3 Temp. °C 123.395 124.009 124.625 125.244 125.865 126.489 127.116 127.745 128.378 129.012 129.650 130.290 130.933 131.578 132.227 132.878 133.531 134.188 134.847 135.509 136.174 136.842 137.512 138.185 138.861 139.540 140.222 140.907 141.594 142.284 142.978 143.674 144.373 145.074 145.779 146.487 147.198 147.911 148.628 149.347 150.070 150.795 151.524 152.255 152.990 153.727 154.468 155.211 155.958 156.708 157.461 158.217 158.976 159.738 160.503 161.271 162.043 162.818 163.595 164.376 165.161 165.948 166.738 167.532 168.329 169.130 169.933 170.740 171.550 172.363...

  • Page 134: Warranty Conditions

    WARRANTY CONDITIONS 15 Warranty conditions All products supplied by the Heinz Walz GmbH, Germany, are warranted by Heinz Walz GmbH, Germany to be free from defects in material and workmanship for one (1) year from the shipping date (date on invoice).
  • Page 135 3. All products being returned for warranty service must be carefully packed and sent freight prepaid. 4. Heinz Walz GmbH, Germany is not responsible or liable, for missing components or damage to the unit caused by handling during shipping. All claims or damage should be directed to the...

  • Page 136: Alphabetical Index

    CHAPTER 16 ALPHABETICAL INDEX 16 Alphabetical Index 3000-C 5, 13, 108, 116 absolute H 49, 58 Absorber Tube 3000-C/ABS absorptivity 3000-C/EF 8, 16 Accumulator 3000-C/MV Actinic 3000-C/OS 11, 101 actinic light 3000-C/SK 12, 22, 25 actual vapor pressure 3010-1x4 additional sensor 3010-2x4 Advanced Settings 3010-A...
  • Page 137 CHAPTER 16 ALPHABETICAL INDEX Auxiliaries 15, 117 charging voltage Averaging time Chart averaging-interval Chemical background fluorescence chemicals barometric pressure 80, 84 battery 7, 23 Cleaning Battery Charger 7, 23, 120 clip mechanism BATTERY/DC 16, 108 closing mechanism 6, 18 Bilger absolute Björkman absorber...
  • Page 138 CHAPTER 16 ALPHABETICAL INDEX cuvette frame span Cuvette ventilation system zero CO2abs 30, 58, 83 Cuvette volume CO2sample cyanobacteria Code 57, 83 Darkening Plate Column Data Record Structure Commands Buttons Data storage capacity Communication Cable DATE 57, 83 COMP 15, 108 DC-DC compensate differences dCO2...
  • Page 139 5, 116 File transfer gas exchange 3, 4 Filename gas flow fine General safety instructions Flow 48, 58, 75, 83 Genty flowerpots GFS-3000 fluorescence GFS3000 update.zip Fluorescence calculations 81 GFS3000upd.exe 54, 84 GFS-update Fm’ GFS-Win 53, 54, 84 GFS-Win software...
  • Page 140 CHAPTER 16 ALPHABETICAL INDEX GFSWIN.exe 38, 66 index cards GH2O 59, 78, 84 Input Parameters Goff-Gratch Installation O absolute Intercellular CO Mole Fraction O control 49, 117 Internal light sensor O measurement interval O mole fraction Interval O Reference Introduction O Sample 30, 83 LC-02...
  • Page 141 CHAPTER 16 ALPHABETICAL INDEX light value Mode LiIon Mode MP 31, 33, 63 Mode ZP 31, 64 Li-ion Battery mole fraction Li-Ion Battery Mosses 10, 96 Li-Ion Battery Charger Mounting Plates, Literature main window Maintenance MQS-B/GFS 22, 97, 113 Mass flow n*(AutoZP und x*MP) Measure mode ON n*MP...
  • Page 142 CHAPTER 16 ALPHABETICAL INDEX Pamb 58, 75, 83 Program index card PAM-Fluorometer 51, 121 program name Panel PC Programming Panel-PC update Protection cover pump PARamb 59, 84 Purge time Parameter Window 53, 82 PARbot 59, 84 53, 81 partial pressure quantum sensor 22, 119 PARtop...
  • Page 143 CHAPTER 16 ALPHABETICAL INDEX Reset Soda Lime Sodalime software Software Description Rules solenoid valves Safety instructions Sorbead Orange Sat-Int Spare Kit 12, 22 saturating light special safety instructions Saturating light ST-1010 Saturating light pulse Standard Measuring Head 6, 18, 109, 118 saturation pulse 4, 53 Start program...
  • Page 144 CHAPTER 16 ALPHABETICAL INDEX storing-interval 9, 16, 39, 108 String USB driver installation Stuttgarter Masse user interface Values 57, 63 system components Values and Ranges Tamb 59, 84 Valve adjustment Tcuv 49, 58, 75, 83 Vapor Pressure Deficit Technical data ventilate temperature 50, 69...
  • Page 145 CHAPTER 16 ALPHABETICAL INDEX Kapitel einrichten für: Replacing Fuses (10.x) Trouble shooting (9) - LED Power status - Error List...

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