Yamaha VK10X Owner's Manual
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Yamaha VK10X Owner's Manual

Yamaha VK10X Owner's Manual

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OWNER'S MANUAL
VK10X
8GS-28199-11
LIT-12628-02-66

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Summary of Contents for Yamaha VK10X

  • Page 1 OWNER’S MANUAL VK10X 8GS-28199-11 LIT-12628-02-66...
  • Page 2 ESU10040...
  • Page 3 Yamaha’s vast experience in the produc- tion of fine sporting and touring snowmobiles. It represents the high degree of craftsmanship and reliability that have made Yamaha a lead- er in these fields. This manual will give you an understanding of the operation, inspection, and basic mainte- nance of this snowmobile.
  • Page 4 If there is any question concerning this manual, please consult a Yamaha dealer. This manual should be considered a per- manent part of this snowmobile and should remain with the snowmobile when resold.

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Contents Fuel ..........22 Safety information ......1 Suspension ........22 Location of the important labels ..4 Pre-operation checks ..... 26 Description ........6 Pre-operation check list ....26 Control functions ......8 Operation ......... 28 Main switch ........8 Starting the engine .......
  • Page 6 Fittings and fasteners ....62 Battery .......... 63 Replacing a fuse ......63 Troubleshooting ......66 Storage ..........70 Specifications ......... 72 Consumer information....74 Identification number records ..74 YAMAHA MOTOR CORPORATION, U.S.A.SNOWMOBILE LIMITED WARRANTY ....75 YAMAHA EXTENDED SERVICE (Y.E.S.)........78...

  • Page 7: Safety Information

    Never drive the snowmobile controls and their function. Consult a with the parking brake applied. This may Yamaha dealer about any control or func- overheat the brake disc and reduce brak- tion you do not understand. ing ability.
  • Page 8 Safety information If you swallow some gasoline, inhale a lot Be careful where you ride. There may be of gasoline vapor, or get some gasoline obstacles hidden beneath the snow. Stay into your eyes, see your doctor immedi- on established trails to minimize your ex- ately.
  • Page 9 Fuel may leak out from the fuel breather hose. Modifications made to the snowmobile not approved by Yamaha, or the removal of original equipment may render your snowmobile unsafe for use that may cause severe personal injury.

  • Page 10: Location Of The Important Labels

    Safety information ESU10211 Location of the important labels Please read the following labels carefully before operating this snowmobile. NOTE: Maintain or replace safety and instruction labels, as necessary.
  • Page 11 Safety information...

  • Page 12: Description

    Description ESU10260 1. Air filter 12. Passenger grip warmer switch 2. Battery 13. Rear carrier 3. Coolant reservoir 14. Tail/brake light 4. Fuse box 15. Tow hitch 5. Throttle stop screw 16. Slide rail suspension 6. Main fuse 17. Drive track 7.
  • Page 13 Description 1. Brake lever 15. High beam indicator light 2. Parking brake lever 16. Warning light 3. Grip warmer adjustment switch 17. Self-diagnosis warning indicator 4. Headlight beam switch 18. Coolant temperature warning indicator 5. Engine stop switch 19. Fuel level warning indicator 6.

  • Page 14: Control Functions

    Control functions ESU12690 Main switch The main switch controls the ignition and lighting systems. The various positions are described below. 1. Starter (choke) lever NOTE: Refer to the “Starting the engine” section on page 28 for proper operation. 1. Off 2.

  • Page 15: Engine Overheating Prevention System

    Control functions If the carburetors or throttle cable malfunc- tions during operation, the T.O.R.S. will oper- ate when the throttle lever is released. The T.O.R.S. is designed to override the igni- tion and limit the engine speed to less than the clutch engagement speed if the carburetors fail to return to the idle position when the throt- tle lever is released.

  • Page 16: Speedometer Unit

    Control functions Running 1. Warning light “ ” 1. Throttle position sensor (throttle valve open 2. Self-diagnosis warning indicator “ ” position) 3. Two-digit code “84” 2. Throttle switch (on) ESU10351 Trouble Speedometer unit The speedometer unit is equipped with the following: a digital speedometer (which shows the riding speed)

  • Page 17: High Beam Indicator Light

    Control functions 1. High beam indicator light “ ” 1. Tachometer 2. Low coolant temperature indicator light ESU10481 “ ” Low coolant temperature indi- 3. Warning light “ ” cator light “ ” 4. Meter display The low coolant temperature indicator light 5.

  • Page 18: Fuel Meter And Grip/Thumb Warmer Level Indicator

    Control functions in the tripmeter/odometer display. When this If the fuel level warning indicator and the occurs, maximum engine speed is reduced to warning light come on, refuel as soon as pos- protect the engine. sible. NOTE: ESU10421 Fuel meter and grip/thumb The snowmobile must be stopped on a level warmer level indicator surface to obtain an accurate fuel meter read-...

  • Page 19: Fuel Level Warning Indicator

    Add engine oil as tinuously. soon as possible. When this occurs, have a Yamaha dealer in- If the oil level warning indicator and the warn- spect the snowmobile as soon as possible. ing light do not go off, check the engine oil lev-...

  • Page 20: Coolant Temperature Warning Indicator

    ESU10522 ter the engine has been restarted, note Self-diagnosis device the error code, and then have a Yamaha This model is equipped with a self-diagnosis dealer inspect the snowmobile as soon device for various electrical circuits.

  • Page 21: Headlight Beam Switch "Lights

    Control functions 1. Grip warmer adjustment switch 1. Engine stop switch“ ” During the first few rides, practice using the stop switch so that you can react quickly in an emergency. ESU10661 Headlight beam switch “LIGHTS” Push the headlight beam switch to change the headlight to high beam “HI”...

  • Page 22: Brake Lever

    Control functions 1. Auxiliary DC jack cap 1. Brake lever 2. Auxiliary DC jack NOTE: NOTE: When the brake lever is operated, the brake After using the auxiliary DC jack, be sure to light will illuminate. remove the accessory power plug from the jack and close the auxiliary DC jack cap.

  • Page 23: Shift Lever

    Control functions ECS00740 CAUTION: Do not shift from forward to reverse or from reverse to forward while the snow- mobile is moving. Otherwise, the drive system could be damaged. ESU10710 Shroud latches To open the shroud, unhook the shroud latch- es, and then slowly raise the shroud forward EWS00060 until it stops.

  • Page 24: Drive Guard

    Control functions ESU10750 ESU10780 Drive guard Carburetor coolant shut-off le- The drive guard is designed to cover the V- belt clutch and V-belt in case parts break or The carburetor coolant shut-off lever controls come loose. the flow of coolant through the carburetor. Make sure that the lever is in the “ON”...

  • Page 25: Passenger Grip Warmer Switch

    Control functions as needed by removing the screws. Before re- moving the steel plates, consult a Yamaha dealer. 1. Passenger grip warmer switch 2. Off 3. “HI” (high) 4. “LO” (low) 1. Steel plate 2. Screw ESU10830 Storage areas This snowmobile is equipped with a storage compartment, storage pouches, rear storage area, and rear carrier.

  • Page 26: Rear Storage Area And Rear Carrier

    Control functions Rear storage area and rear carrier The rear storage area and the rear carrier are located at the rear of the snowmobile. The rear storage area is located under the passenger seat and it can be used only when the seat and backrest are removed.

  • Page 27: Tow Hitch

    Control functions 1. Passenger seat bolt ECS00230 2. Passenger seat and backrest CAUTION: Install the passenger seat bolts, and then Make sure that the wire harness is not tighten them to the specified torque. pinched when installing the passenger seat and backrest. Passenger seat bolt tightening torque: 47.5 Nm (4.75 m·kgf, 34 ft·lb) Install the passenger seat bolts, and then...

  • Page 28: Fuel

    40.0 L (10.57 US gal) (8.80 Imp.gal) Make sure that the fuel tank cap is closed securely after refueling. Leaking Your Yamaha engine has been designed to fuel can catch fire. use regular unleaded gasoline with a pump octane number [(R+M)/2] of 86 or higher, or a research octane number of 91 or higher.
  • Page 29 Control functions EWS00150 Spring preload setting (spring preload ad- WARNING justing ring position): Be sure to have a Yamaha dealer make this Minimum (soft): adjustment. Standard: This shock absorber contains highly pres- surized nitrogen gas. It could explode by Maximum (hard): improper handling, causing injury, or property damage.
  • Page 30 Control functions Spring preload setting at the center shock absorber (spring preload adjusting ring position): Minimum (soft): Standard: Maximum (hard): Spring preload setting at the rear shock 1. Extension spring preload adjusting nut absorber (spring preload adjusting ring 2. Spring seat length position): Minimum (soft): Spring preload setting (spring seat...
  • Page 31 Control functions Spring rate and damping force setting (full rate adjusting bolt installation posi- tion): Minimum (soft): Standard: Maximum (hard): While holding the adjusting bolt securely, 1. Nut tighten the nut. Turn the full rate adjusting bolt to the de- Nut tightening torque: sired position.

  • Page 32: Pre-Operation Checks

    • Check the drive guard mounts for damage. • Make sure that the drive guard is firmly in place. • Check operation. • If soft or spongy, have Yamaha dealer bleed hy- draulic system. • Check brake pads for wear.
  • Page 33 Shroud latches • Make sure that the shroud latches are hooked. • Check for wear and damage. Skis and ski runners • If necessary, have Yamaha dealer replace skis or ski runners. • Check for deflection, wear and damage. Drive track •...

  • Page 34: Operation

    Operation ESU11290 Starting the engine EWS00200 WARNING Be sure to check the “SAFETY INFOR- MATION” section carefully before start- ing the engine. Make sure that the parking brake is ap- plied. 1. Starter (choke) lever 2. Fully open position (cold engine starting) 3.

  • Page 35: Break-In

    Do not attempt to operate at ately have a Yamaha dealer check the maximum performance until you are totally fa- snowmobile. miliar with the snowmobile’s handling and performance characteristics.
  • Page 36 Operation cles and other traffic. You should practice As you approach a curve, slow down and be- control of the throttle and brake, and master gin to turn the handlebar in the desired direc- turning techniques in this area before trying tion.
  • Page 37 Operation uphill side at all times. On climbs straight up the hill, this can be accomplished by leaning forward and, on steeper inclines, standing on the running boards and leaning forward over the handlebar. (Also see “Traversing a slope”.) EWS00240 WARNING Use extra caution when applying the brake during a descent.

  • Page 38: Maximizing Drive Track Life

    Operation Snow and ice are slippery, so be prepared for Dirt the possibility that your snowmobile could be- Sand gin to slip sideways on the slope. If this hap- Rocks pens, steer in the direction of the slide if there Grass are no obstacles in your path.

  • Page 39: Strap

    To mini- Do not use the strap as a mounting point mize possible damage, consult your stud for cargo or accessories. manufacturer for installation and stud pattern recommendations. Yamaha does not recommend track stud- ding.

  • Page 40: Driving

    Operation ESU12570 Driving EWS00300 WARNING Be sure to read the “SAFETY INFORMA- TION” section on page 1 and the “Riding your snowmobile” section on page 29 carefully before operating the snowmo- bile. 1. “D” Drive (forward) NOTE: 2. “R” Reverse Make sure that the engine is warmed up 3.

  • Page 41: Stopping The Engine

    Operation Apply the parking brake by moving the Make sure that the fuel level in the fuel tank parking brake lever to the left. is lower than the bottom of the carburetors. ESU11410 Otherwise, the vibration and bumps from Stopping the engine the road surface could make it possible for Turn the main switch to the off position to stop fuel to flow through the carburetors into the...

  • Page 42: Periodic Maintenance

    (if applicable). EWS00340 WARNING If you are not familiar with maintenance work, have a Yamaha dealer do it for you. PROPER PERIODIC MAINTENANCE OF YOUR SNOWMOBILE IS IMPORTANT IN ORDER TO ENJOY LONG, PLEASURABLE SERVICE. ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT ARE THE MAIN- TENANCE SERVICES RELATED TO EMISSION CONTROL.
  • Page 43 Whenever operating * Carburetors • Adjust the jets. condition (elevation/tem- perature) is changed. • Check for leakage. * Exhaust system • Tighten or replace gasket if — necessary. * It is recommended that these items be serviced by a Yamaha dealer.

  • Page 44: General Maintenance And Lubrication Chart

    Periodic maintenance ESU11560 General maintenance and lubrication chart INITIAL EVERY Seasonally 1 month ITEM REMARKS PAGE or 800 km 4000 km (500 mi) (2500 mi) (40 hr) (200 hr) • Change (warm engine before Engine oil draining) Every Engine oil filter car- •...
  • Page 45 • Tighten if necessary. • Check condition. * Battery • Charge if necessary. * It is recommended that these items be serviced by a Yamaha dealer. NOTE: Brake system: After disassembling the master cylinder or caliper cylinder, always change the brake fluid.

  • Page 46: Tool Kit

    The owner’s tool kit has the tools which are tempt to diagnose such problems yourself. sufficient for most periodic maintenance and Instead, take the snowmobile to a Yamaha minor repairs. A torque wrench is also neces- dealer for inspection and possible repairs.

  • Page 47: Adjusting The Engine Idling Speed

    Turn the adjusting bolt in or out until the ECS00390 specified throttle cable free play is ob- CAUTION: tained. Be sure to have a Yamaha dealer make this adjustment. Make sure that the throttle lever moves smoothly. Make sure that the carburetor is syn- chronized first.

  • Page 48: Checking The Throttle Override System (T.o.r.s.)

    (above) and forefinger (be- to the off position and consult a Yamaha low) between the throttle lever pivot and dealer. the engine stop switch housing.

  • Page 49: Carburetors

    Common problems are hard starting, bogging, and plug fouling. Proper carburetion adjustments will correct the air/fuel ratio. Be sure to have a Yamaha dealer make these adjustments. Remember: Less air at higher altitude means there is less horsepower available, even with proper car- buretion.

  • Page 50: Valve Clearance

    Periodic maintenance sult a Yamaha dealer. The dealer can tell you The oil filter cartridge should be re- if there are any changes necessary for the al- placed every 20000 km (12000 mi) of op- titude where you plan to ride.
  • Page 51 Periodic maintenance ECS00451 ECS00461 CAUTION: CAUTION: Disconnect the oil level gauge coupler be- When adding the engine oil, be careful fore removing the oil filler cap, otherwise not to fill above the “H” level mark on the the cable could twist and break. dipstick.
  • Page 52 Periodic maintenance 1. Right side cover 1. Engine oil drain bolt (oil tank) Place an oil pan under the oil tank to col- Place an oil pan under the engine to col- lect the used oil. lect the used oil. Disconnect the oil level gauge coupler.
  • Page 53 16. Add sufficient oil of the recommended NOTE: type to raise it to the “H” level mark on the An oil filter wrench is available at a Yamaha dipstick. (See above for the checking pro- dealer. cedure.) 11.

  • Page 54: Cooling System

    If oil is leaking or the oil level warning indi- cator comes on when the engine is run- ning, immediately turn the engine off and have a Yamaha dealer check the snowmo- bile. Continuing to operate the engine un- der such conditions could cause severe engine damage.

  • Page 55: V-Belt

    Remove the coolant reservoir cap and Check for any coolant leakage. add coolant until it reaches the “FULL” mark. NOTE: If you find any leaks, consult a Yamaha deal- ESU12050 V-belt EWS00400 WARNING Make sure that the drive guard is tight- ened securely before operating the snowmobile.
  • Page 56 V-belt position Have a Yamaha dealer make this adjust- reaches 1.5 mm (0.06 in) below the edge of ment. the secondary sheave assembly.
  • Page 57 Periodic maintenance Rotate the secondary sliding sheave clockwise and push it so that it separates from the secondary fixed sheave. 1. Secondary sliding sheave 2. Secondary fixed sheave Pull the V-belt up over the secondary fixed sheave. 1. Edge of the secondary sheave assembly 2.

  • Page 58: Drive Chain Housing

    Periodic maintenance Rotate the secondary sliding sheave clockwise and push it so that it separates from the secondary fixed sheave. 1. Secondary sliding sheave 2. Secondary fixed sheave 10. Install the V-belt between the secondary sliding and fixed sheaves. 1. V-belt position adjusting bolt 2.
  • Page 59 Periodic maintenance 1. Rubber cap Recommended drive chain oil: Check the oil level through the check win- SAE 75W or 80W API GL-4 Gear oil dow located on the drive chain housing. If the oil is below the minimum level mark, ECS00530 remove the dipstick and add sufficient oil CAUTION:...

  • Page 60: Brake And Parking Brake

    Checking the brake pads EWS00450 Check the brake pads for wear. WARNING If the brake pads reach the wear limit, ask a Be sure to have a Yamaha dealer make this Yamaha dealer to replace them. adjustment.
  • Page 61 DOT 4 Changing the brake fluid EWS00470 WARNING Make sure that the brake fluid and the above parts are replaced by a Yamaha 1. Parking brake pad dealer. 2. Brake disc Parking brake pad to brake disc clear- ance (a) + (b):...

  • Page 62: Skis And Ski Runners

    1. Distance A 2. Distance B Ski toe-out (distance A – distance B): 0.0–15.0 mm (0.00–0.59 in) If the alignment is not correct, consult a Yamaha dealer. 1. Ski wear limit ESU12161 Steering system Ski runner wear limit: Check the handlebar for excessive free play.
  • Page 63 Periodic maintenance If excessive free play is felt, consult a Yamaha dealer. To adjust the handlebar height Remove the handlebar cover. ECS00570 CAUTION: Make sure that the projection on the han- dlebar is not installed into the area shown. 1. Handlebar cover Loosen the handlebar bolts.

  • Page 64: Drive Track And Slide Runners

    Periodic maintenance ECS00580 ure could result in loss of braking ability CAUTION: and snowmobile control, which could Make sure that the small gap side of the cause an accident. handlebar holders faces forward. Checking the drive track EWS00490 WARNING Do not operate the snowmobile if you find damage to the drive track, or if it has been maladjusted.
  • Page 65 Shifted to left EWS00500 alignment right WARNING Left adjusting Turn out Turn in Be sure to have a Yamaha dealer make this adjustment. Right adjust- Turn in Turn out ing nut Support the snowmobile securely on a suitable stand before working under- neath the snowmobile.
  • Page 66 Periodic maintenance Adjust the drive track deflection to speci- fication. Drive track More than Less than deflection specified specified Left adjusting Turn in Turn out Right adjust- Turn in Turn out ing nut ECS00591 CAUTION: 1. Left adjusting nut The right and left adjusting nuts should be 2.

  • Page 67: Lubrication

    WARNING could cause loss of control. Keep flammable products and your hands Be sure to have a Yamaha dealer lubri- away from the hot bulb until it has cooled cate the front and rear suspensions. down.

  • Page 68: Adjusting The Headlight Beams

    Periodic maintenance Remove the locking pin. 1. Bulb holder 1. Locking pin Remove the bulb. Turn the headlight beam adjusting Install the new bulb, and then hook the screws in or out to adjust the headlight bulb holder onto the headlight unit. beams.

  • Page 69: Battery

    To charge the battery Open the shroud. Have a Yamaha dealer charge the battery as Unhook the air filter case fastener. soon as possible if it seems to have dis- charged. Keep in mind that the battery tends to discharge more quickly if the snowmobile is equipped with electrical accessories.
  • Page 70 Periodic maintenance 1. Oil tank breather hose clamp 2. Oil tank breather hose 3. Crankcase breather hose clamp (air filter case side) 4. Crankcase breather hose Disconnect the negative battery lead. Replace the blown fuse with one of the proper amperage. 1.
  • Page 71 Install the air filter case by reversing the removal steps. ECS00640 CAUTION: Be sure to connect the breather hoses se- curely when installing the air filter case. 10. Close the shroud. NOTE: If the fuse immediately blows again, ask a Yamaha dealer to inspect the snowmobile.

  • Page 72: Troubleshooting

    Remove carbon or wipe the spark grounding point for jump-starting the engine. plugs dry. Replace if necessary. EWS00570 • Faulty ignition system: Ask a Yamaha WARNING dealer to inspect. Connect the jumper cables only to the • T.O.R.S. malfunction: Disconnect the connecting lead terminals.
  • Page 73 Troubleshooting To start the engine using the booster battery Apply the parking brake and turn the main switch to the off position. Open the shroud. Remove the red (+) connecting lead from the lead holder and move it away from the black (–) connecting lead.
  • Page 74 Electric starter does not operate or operates slowly Engine stop switch is pushed in: Pull it out. Faulty wire connections: Check connec- tions or ask a Yamaha dealer to inspect. Discharged battery: Charge battery or see “Starting the engine with a discharged bat- tery” above.
  • Page 75 Worn or damaged bearings: Ask a Yamaha Air in cooling system: Bleed the cooling sys- dealer to inspect. tem or ask a Yamaha dealer to inspect. Worn or damaged V-belt with flat spots: Re- Leaking coolant: Ask a Yamaha dealer to place.

  • Page 76: Storage

    (gasohol) is used, completely Never connect the battery to or discon- drain the fuel system. Consult a Yamaha nect it from the snowmobile while it is dealer if further information is needed. being charged. Sparks may ignite the Engine hydrogen gas created by the battery.
  • Page 77 For peak performance, it is recommended that you have your snowmobile checked and tuned by a Yamaha dealer. The dealer has the experience and training to help you get the maximum performance and use out of...

  • Page 78: Specifications

    Specifications ESU12462 Width: 500 mm (19.7 in) Dimensions: Deflection: 35.0–45.0 mm (1.38–1.77 in) Overall length: Length on ground: 3270 mm (128.7 in) 1204 mm (47.4 in) Overall width: Rear suspension: 1200 mm (47.2 in) Type: Overall height: Slide rail suspension 1380 mm (54.3 in) Track sprocket wheel: Dry weight:...
  • Page 79 Specifications Brake: Type: Hydraulic disc type (ventilated disc) Operation: Handle lever, left-hand operated Throttle: Operation: Handle lever, right-hand operated Electrical system: Ignition system: T.C.I. Spark plug: Manufacturer: Model: CR8E Gap: 0.7–0.8 mm (0.028–0.031 in) Battery: Model: YTX20L-BS Voltage, capacity: 12 V, 18.0 Ah Ten-hour rate amperage: 1.8 A Bulb voltage, wattage ×...

  • Page 80: Consumer Information

    Record the frame serial number, engine serial number (Primary ID), and key identification number in the spaces provided for assistance when ordering spare parts from a Yamaha dealer. Also, record and keep the ID numbers in a separate place in case the snowmobile is sto- len.

  • Page 81: Yamaha Motor Corporation, U.s.a.snowmobile Limited Warranty

    WARRANTY PERIOD: WARRANTY TRANSFER: To transfer any remain- 1. All Yamaha snowmobiles shall be warranted for a ing warranty from the original purchaser to any subse- term of one (1) year from the date of purchase, plus quent purchaser, it is imperative that the machine be a special early-season extension (if applicable).
  • Page 82 Post Office Box 6555 specified in the Owner’s Manual? Cypress, California 90630 A. No. The warranty on a new Yamaha cannot be “voided” or “canceled.” However, if a particular failure is caused by operation or maintenance other than as shown in the Owner’s Manual, that failure may not be...

  • Page 83: Change Of Address

    If the dealer is not able to do so, he is expected to contact Yamaha Motor If you should move after you have purchased your new Corporation, U.S.A., for clarification or assistance.

  • Page 84: Yamaha Extended Service (Y.e.s.)

    Consumer information ESU12510 YAMAHA EXTENDED SERVICE (Y.E.S.)
  • Page 85 Index Low coolant temperature indicator light ... 11 Air filter, checking........42 Lubrication..........61 Auxiliary DC jack ........15 Main switch ..........8 Battery............63 Brake and parking brake ......54 Oil level warning indicator ......13 Brake lever ..........16 Break-in............
  • Page 86 Index Transporting ..........35 Troubleshooting ........66 Valve clearance........44 V-belt............49 V-belt holders ........... 18...
  • Page 88 YAMAHA MOTOR CO., LTD. PRINTED IN JAPAN 2007.05 - 0.3×1 CR PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER...

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