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RS8500 User’s Manual The information contained in this document pertains to a dual use product controlled for export by the Export Administration Regulations (EAR). Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.This document contains no export-controlled information. Document Number: 4225063 Version: A Issue Date: March 24, 2020...
Table of Contents REVISION HISTORY ............................6 INTRODUCTION ............................. 7 Camera System Components ..................7 Camera Models ....................... 7 System Overview......................7 Key features of the RS8500 camera ................8 WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS ........................11 INSTALLATION ............................12 Basic Connections ......................12 4.1.1 Power ............................
Camera Link Full and CXP Dual Link 2.3 System Overview The RS8500 infrared camera system has been developed by FLIR to meet the needs of the research, industrial and range phenomenology communities. The camera makes use of FLIR’s advanced ISC1308 readout integrated circuit (ROIC), mated to an Indium Antimonide (InSb) detector to cover the midwave infrared band.
2 – Introduction 2.4 Key features of the RS8500 camera Improved Linearity to Zero Well-Fill Typical direct injection ROIC designs exhibit a non-linear response when the signal drops below 10% of well-fill. The ISC1308 ROIC provides a linear response even at very low signal levels.
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2 – Introduction Multiple Video Outputs The RS8500 camera features multiple independent and simultaneous video: ▫ Digital Data – Camera Link® Full [OM3 multi-mode fiber, RS8523 only] ▫ Digital Data – CoaXpress (CXP) ▫ Digital Data – Gigabit Ethernet ▫ Digital Video – HD-SDI (1080p or 720p) Support for Camera Link Full or CoaXpress interfaces The RS8500 offers the option of both Camera Link Full and CoaXpress (CXP) interfaces on the back panel.
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2 – Introduction 4-Position Filter Wheel The RS8500 has an internal motorized filter wheel that can position a warm filter between the lens and detector. Filters are an optional accessory. Up to four warm filters can be installed at the factory. The filter holders support automatic filter identification. The typical filter load will be an open position, and then ND1, ND2, and ND3 filters.
3 – Warnings and Cautions 3 Warnings and Cautions For best results and user safety, the following warnings and precautions should be followed when handling and operating the camera. Warnings and Cautions: ➢ Do not open the camera body for any reason. Disassembly of the camera (including removal of the cover) can cause permanent damage and will void the warranty.
4 – Installation 4 Installation 4.1 Basic Connections All connections to the RS8500 are located on the Back Panel. Although the RS8500 has a large number of connections, only a small number are required for basic operation. 4.1.1 Power Plug in the AC power supply to a standard 120V outlet. Connect the DC power cable between the power supply and the power connector located on the rear panel of the RS8500 camera.
4 – Installation 4.1.3 Digital Video If you have a PC data system running FLIR Research Studio or (or your own custom application based on the BHP SDK) you can view the 14-bit digital video. The RS8500 has two digital video interfaces: Gigabit Ethernet and CoaXpress (CXP).
4 – Installation Gigabit Ethernet Interface The RS8500 has a Gigabit Ethernet interface that is GigE Vision compliant for video (but does not use GenICam for control). Use a regular CAT5e or CAT6 Ethernet patch cable. If a crossover cable is used, the camera interface will automatically detect and configure itself to work with this kind of cable.
4 – Installation 4.1.4 IRIG-B Input The RS8500 has an internal IRIG-B clock/decoder. The camera will use the IRIG clock to timestamp each frame in the image header. If no external IRIG-B sync signal is applied, the internal IRIG clock will synchronize to the internal Real Time Clock (RTC) on boot up and will free-wheel.
5 RS8500 Camera Controller The RS8500 Camera Controller (also called the Graphical User Interface or GUI) can be accessed from within the FLIR Research Studio software. 5.1 Tooltips If the user placed the mouse cursor over a particular control, a Tooltip will be displayed giving a basic description of the control.
6 – Interfaces 5.2.1 Save State As The user can rename, delete, upload and download State files. Rename State The Rename button allows the user to rename a state file: 5.2.2 Load State The user can load a state file that is already in the camera, or upload a state file from the Host and make it the active state file: RS8500 User’s Manual...
6 – Interfaces 5.2.3 Manage States The user can manage state files from this screen: 5.2.4 Adjust Time The use can adjust the time on the Real-Time Clock inside the camera through this menu selection: RS8500 User’s Manual...
6 – Interfaces Get displays the current time on the RTC. Set sets the RTC to whatever the user types into the fields. Sync camera time to PC time will pull a time and date value from the PC and set the RTC to those values.
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6 – Interfaces This is what the downloaded About file looks like when opened in Notepad: RS8500 User’s Manual...
6 – Interfaces 5.3 Status Page The Status Page gives general information about the camera state including camera mode land serial number, the integration time for the active preset (or integration time range for superframing mode), the frame size, and frame rate. The current IRIG time and the camera operating hours are displayed as well.
6 – Interfaces 5.4 Setup Page The Setup page has five dropdown menus that are used to control a number of camera functions: 5.4.1 General Setup The General Setup menu controls the Presets, Sequencing Mode and Integration Settings, Lens Control and FPA Window Settings. A Preset is a combination of four parameters: Integration Time, Frame Rate, Window Size, and Window Location.
The user can select the FPA gain state with the pulldown menu. The sensor in the RS8500 is a midwave detector, and it should be operated in High Gain mode. FLIR recommends that the user not change from high gain mode.
6 – Interfaces Sequencing Mode The user can select from three sequencing modes: Single Preset, Superframing and Preset Sequencing. 5.4.1.1.4 Single Preset The standard selection is single preset. The camera will run at a single integration time. Here is a schematic diagram of how Single Preset mode handles the data: Frame Sync Frame Sync Frame Sync...
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6 – Interfaces user can achieve fast subframe rates to minimize registration error when “abating” the images while using a slower superframe rate to minimize data storage requirements. This is depicted in the diagram below. NOTE: Optimized Superframing is only available when using internal frame sync. Traditional Superframing is supported in external sync mode.
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6 – Interfaces The video preset dropdown allows the user to select which preset is used as the source for the SDI video. The system cannot generate SDI video from superframes – it can only be a single preset. Here is an example of superframing where only two presets are selected. Clicking on the preset number toggles the blue coloring on and off.
6 – Interfaces 5.4.1.1.6 Preset Sequencing Preset sequencing mode allows the user to output a chosen number of frames from each preset, then advance to the next preset. In preset sequencing mode, the camera will cycle through each preset on a frame-by-frame basis.
6 – Interfaces Lens Control The lens control section allows the user to set the zoom lens focal length between its limits of120 and 1200mm, as well as set the focus position of the lens. 5.4.1.1.8 Lens State The lens state is a zoom and focus preset that the user can program. The camera will hold an essentially unlimited number of lens states.
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6 – Interfaces Lens state controls to the right of the dropdown are: Add Lens State, Rename Lens State, Save Lens State, Reload Lens State (Discard Changes), and Delete Lens State. These are the icons in order: 5.4.1.1.8.1 Add Lens State: The control looks like a plus sign.
6 – Interfaces 5.4.1.1.8.3 Save Lens State This control looks like a floppy disk. Changes can be made to the active lens state, and then it can be saved again. 5.4.1.1.8.4 Reload Lens State The reload lens state will reload the last saved version of the active lens state, and discard any changes the user may have made since the lens state was loaded.
6 – Interfaces maximum focal length of 1200mm, the FoV is 7.3 degrees by 5.9 degrees. The user can also command the lens to immediately travel to either extreme of zoom with the Wide and Narrow buttons. It is possible to manually enter an optical zoom lens focal length setting by clicking on the blue value and hitting the green checkmark: 5.4.1.1.10 Focus Controls...
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6 – Interfaces It is also possible to manually enter a focus position settings by clicking on the blue value and hitting the green checkmark. The focus position number is an encoder value which is not represented in engineering units. The focus to distance control allows the use to input a distance to a target.
6 – Interfaces 5.4.1.1.11 Auto Focus The Auto Focus control uses image data to control the focus setting of the lens. The algorithm maximizes the high spatial frequency components of a region of interest. The region of interest (ROI) is user controlled in terms of its size, position and whether it is shown on the SDI video output. RS8500 User’s Manual...
6 – Interfaces FPA Window Settings This set of controls allows the user to window the focal plane array down, which will increase the frame rate of the camera. RS8500 User’s Manual...
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6 – Interfaces Use the Invert/Revert check boxes to flip the image vertically (Invert) or horizontally (Revert). This is useful if your optics cause the image to be flipped. This flipping is done on the FPA itself and a new NUC is typically required if these settings are changed.
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6 – Interfaces Minimal Maximum Step Size Frame Width 1280 64 pixels Frame Height 1024 4 pixels Horizontal Offset Depends on 4 pixels window size Vertical Offset Depends on 4 pixels window size The FPA Window settings can be changed by either entering values in the appropriate fields or by dragging the handles on the window indicator (green shaded box).
6 – Interfaces 5.4.2 Sync Settings The sync menu is used to synchronize the camera with an external frame clock source. The sync Settings menu also contains the controls for triggering the camera. The sync menu allows the user to set the FPA sync mode, and sync/trigger options.
6 – Interfaces Sync Source The sync sources can be Internal, External and Video, and are selected with the pulldown menu shown below. The camera is normally operated with the internal sync source. If the user commands the camera into external sync mode, the video will freeze unless there is an external sync source connected to the camera.
6 – Interfaces Frame Sync Starts The RS8500 makes use of frame syncs and triggers to control the generation of image data. Again, frame syncs control the start of individual frames whereas triggers start sequences of frames. The generation of a frame consists of two phases: integration and data readout. Depending on the timing between these two events, you can have two basic integration modes: Integrate Then Read (ITR) and Integrate While Read (IWR).
6 – Interfaces Sync Delay The sync delay can be adjusted by the user using the Sync Delay dialog box. When the sync pulse is received, the camera will delay the specified number of microseconds before either starting integration or readout, depending on what was selected previously. Sync In Allows for the user to set a delay (µsec) for the external sync.
6 – Interfaces Sync In Polarity The user selects the Sync In polarity with this pulldown menu. The default is Active High: Sync Out Delay, Reference and Polarity The sync out pulse can be delayed by a specified number of microseconds for each preset. The Sync reference can be Integration Start, Frame Start or Saturation Flag.
6 – Interfaces The Sync Out options allow the user to set a delay for the sync out pulse as well as the sync delay reference and polarity. The Sync Out signal always has a jitter of ±1 clock (160nsec). Sync Out Options Sync Out Delay Allows for the user to set a delay (in microseconds) for the sync out...
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6 – Interfaces A sequence consists of a series of frames. In Preset Sequencing, that series of frames can be any number of any of the four presets. In Superframing, the series is one or zero frames from each preset. In Single Preset, the series is simply one frame of the selected preset. When a trigger occurs, the camera will complete a sequence a set number of times.
6 – Interfaces Trigger Source and Trigger In Polarity The trigger source can be internal, external, software or time. External means that a trigger pulse is sent into the trigger input (TRIG IN) on the back panel of the camera. Software means that the user must press the Trigger button in the user interface.
6 – Interfaces Trigger In Delay Allows for the user to set a delay (µsec) for the external trigger. The trigger is edge triggered. This allows for the camera to use either Polarity the rising or falling edge. NOTE: The camera has a latency of approximately 1 microsecond when responding to a sync or trigger signal.
6 – Interfaces The zoom factor is useful when the user has windowed down the FPA. The zoom factor will grow the input signal to the SDI video signal chain to make the SDI video fill the monitor better: 5.4.5 Filter Wheel Settings The RS8500 has a motorized 4-position filter wheel which can be populated with warm filters at the time of manufacturing.
6 – Interfaces Note: The camera user should not attempt to change warm filters in the filter wheel on the camera inside the RS8500 housing. This requires disassembly of the camera, which may void the warranty. 5.4.6 Flag Settings The user can command the internal flag to move into the field of view, or to be stowed using the dropdown menu shown below.
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6 – Interfaces Uncorrected Data Bad Pixel Detector 14-bit A/D Replacement Corrected Data Algorithm Analog NUC Table Gain/Offset Digital Process Showing NUC Table Application To create the NUC table, the camera images either one or two uniform temperature sources. The source can be an external source provided by the user or the camera’s internal NUC flag which is basically a shutter the camera places in front of the detector.
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6 – Interfaces Flash Memory. This type of memory is used as nonvolatile NUC storage. There is about 2GB of flash memory available for storing NUCs. This is enough space to store >400 full frame NUCs. NUC Controls NUC Info. Displays camera parameters and statistics related to the selected NUC Perform NUC.
6 – Interfaces 5.5.1 Auto NUC 5.5.2 Bad Pixel Correction Method The user can select from three choices of how bad pixels are handled using the pulldown menu shown below. Within the NUC table there is an indication as to whether or not a pixel has been determined to be bad as shown below.
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6 – Interfaces Bad Pixel Correction First, the NUC table gain coefficients are compared to a user defined acceptance boundary, Responsivity Limit Low/High (%). The responsivity of a pixel can be thought of as the gain of that pixel. The gain coefficient in the NUC Table is a computed value that attempts to correct the individual pixel gain, or responsivity, to a normalized value across the array.
6 – Interfaces 5.5.3 NUC Information button displays a list of camera parameters that are saved as part of the NUC as well as bad pixel statistics. Note that there is a scroll bar that can be used to see the whole list. The Save button allows the user to dump this list to a text file.
6 – Interfaces 5.5.5 Load NUC Options Typically, all of the camera configuration parameters are derived from the current Camera State. When the camera is powered up, it loads the last saved camera state. The names of the NUCs are stored as part of the state.
6 – Interfaces 5.5.6 Perform Correction To create an on-camera NUC, select the Perform Correction to start the NUC Wizard for the desired preset. If Preset Sequencing or Superframing is enabled, the camera will only perform the NUC on the preset you select while keeping camera in the desired sequencing mode. NOTE: Due to differences in camera electronics and FPA timings it is important to perform the NUC with the camera operating modes configured as it will be used when imaging.
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6 – Interfaces After configuring the correction parameters and selecting Next>> the next window allows the user to set up the parameters used for the Bad Pixel Detection. For most cases, the default values will produce a very good result. Once the parameters are set, select Next>> to continue. The next window allows the user to name the NUC.
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6 – Interfaces The next two screens will collect data from the NUC sources. If using the internal flag you will only see a few status messages. If using external blackbodies you will be prompted. After each step, click Next>> to continue. The last screen gives a report of the bad pixels found.
6 – Interfaces NOTE: It is possible for a bad pixel to fail more than one category, so the total bad pixels may be less than the sum of each category. “Factory” bad pixels are those that were determined to be bad during camera production testing.
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6 – Interfaces Place the blackbody in front of the lens. The blackbody source should be large enough to completely cover the lens opening with extra room to spare, and it should be uniform in temperature and have a high emissivity. Foam rubber works very well as an ambient temperature blackbody source. Once the blackbody is in position, hit Next: The GUI will indicate that the camera is collecting frames from the source: RS8500 User’s Manual...
6 – Interfaces Once the NUC acquisition is complete, the user can evaluate the image quality by viewing the live video on the screen while the camera is still looking at the NUC source. The user is then given the option to accept the NUC, or discard it: 5.5.7 Two Point Correction The Two-Point Correction Process builds a NUC table that contains an individually computed gain...
6 – Interfaces 5.5.8 Video The SDI video outputs always puts out a standard size video frame. If the camera FPA image is windowed down to a smaller size, then there will be black areas in the SDI Video. The Video sub-tab allows the user to control how the FPA digital image data is positioned within the SDI video frame.
6 – Interfaces General Video Settings This is the factory default view of this sub-menu. The format pulldown menu enables the choice of different video formats. 5.5.8.1.1 AGC Mode RS8500 User’s Manual...
6 – Interfaces 5.5.8.1.2 Palette A color palette can be applied to the SDI video. There are a number of palette choices. A subset of them are shown below. RS8500 User’s Manual...
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6 – Interfaces SDI Video Setup Options Format HDMI/SDI: 1080p@29.9/25Hz, 720p@59.9/50Hz Overlay Enables the video overlay. Filter Rate Rate at which AGC is computed (1 to 20 Hz). Enable with checkbox Rate at which AGC is allowed to change. This will keep the AGC from responding rapidly to fast changes.
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6 – Interfaces SDI Video Setup Options Allows user to set brightness and contrast on the video encoder. This Brightness and occurs after the digital data has been scaled and converted to analog. These controls don’t tend to have as much effect as the controls that are Contrast applied to the digital side (before the video encoder).
6 – Interfaces One final note about the PE algorithm: it is very aggressive. It can pull detail out of very low contrast imagery. It can also greatly enhance some very low-level NUC and FPA artifacts and noise if the contrast is low enough.
6 – Interfaces Overlay Settings The RS8500 has an overlay feature that can display a wide variety of camera status indicators on the HD-SDI video. This lets an operator see the camera status without needing to have a PC connected. The Overlay Settings menu allows the user to control which parameters are displayed and what colors are used.
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6 – Interfaces Video Overlay Options Enable Overlay Turns the overlay On or Off without changing the selected options Logo Displays the FLIR logo Date Displays the system date stamp Time Displays the system time stamp Displays the accumulated camera “on” time (H:M). (Cannot be reset by...
6 – Interfaces Video Overlay Options Defaults Selects default overlay options (stored in current camera state) Text Color Selects overlay text color Text Background Selects overlay background color AGC ROI Color Selects AGC ROI Color Show Messages Displays special status messages Clears current special status message display but new messages will be Clear Message displayed...
6 – Interfaces Digital Settings The Digital Settings menu allows the user to apply an additional gain and offset to the digital data. The digital gain and offset stages are digital features of the camera that allow the corrected digital output of the camera to be mapped to different output ranges.
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6 – Interfaces Uncorrected Data Bad Pixel Detector 14-bit A/D Replacement Corrected Data Algorithm Analog Digital NUC Table Gain/Offset Gain/Offset RS8500 Signal Processing Chain The analog FPA data is passed through an analog gain and offset stage that are factory-set to ensure that the entire range of the FPA output is matched to the A/D input.
6 – Interfaces Analog Settings These parameters are set at the factory and are generally not adjusted by the user: Saturation Settings The camera can compare each pixel to a user defined threshold and count the number of pixels that exceed that threshold.
6 – Interfaces Miscellaneous Settings The Miscellaneous Settings controls include the Integration Active Polarity and Timestamp Latch: 5.5.9.1.1 Integrate Active Polarity Sets the polarity (active high or low) of the Integrate Active signal on the camera rear chassis AUX connector. [RS8503 only] 5.5.9.1.2 Timestamp Latch The RS8500 places the IRIG time in the header for each frame.
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6 – Interfaces End. Depending on the frame process selected (see Section Error! Reference source not found.) t he Frame Start may indicate the time the integration starts or the time data is being passed out the camera. Latching the IRIG time on Integration Start or End marks the time the actual camera “exposure”...
6 – Interfaces 6.2 Electrical RS8500 camera interfaces to external devices through a variety of industry standard and camera specific signals. All connector types are commercial standard types. All connections are on the back panel of the camera, as shown below. 6.2.1 Status Lights The RS8500 provides a set of status indicators on the back panel to give the user some visual feedback on the camera operating state.
28 Volts DC! • RS8500 power dissipation is <100 Watts steady state at nominal ambient temperature • Mating Connector: FLIR P/N 26431-000, AMPHENOL PN PT06J-12-3S 6.2.3 Digital Interfaces 6.2.3.1.1 Gigabit Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet (GigE) is a common interface found in most PC’s. The GigE interface can be used for image acquisition and/or camera control.
6 – Interfaces 6.2.3.1.2 CoaXpress (CXP) The RS8500 supports a 3.25Gbps single-link CXP interface. ® 6.2.3.1.3 Camera Link (RS8503/RS8523 only) Camera Link® is a standard data interface for high end visible and IR cameras. The RS8500 uses a Camera Link® Full interface in a 4- tap, 16-bit configuration. In terms of ports, the A and B ports are used with bit A0 being the LSB and bit B7 being the MSB of the data transferred.
6 – Interfaces 6.2.4.1.5 Sync Out This TTL single ended signal is normally synchronous with the camera Sync In and can be used to synchronize other events to the camera when the camera is in a free run mode. It is also used in conjunction with the clock out signal to synchronize two RS8500 cameras in master-slave fashion.
7 – Specifications 7 Specifications 7.1 Interface AC Power 100-240V , 50-60 Hz (using FLIR 24123-002 power supply) Control Gigabit Ethernet, USB, Camera Link Serial, CXP or RS-232 Standard Video Outputs HD-SDI (720p 50/59.94, 1080p 25/29.97) Frame Sync In TTL single-ended, BNC, selectable polarity, >160ns pulse width...
7 – Specifications ≈7 minutes to reach operating temperature Cool-down Time Sensitivity NEΔT <25 mK typ. 1) NET is at 50% nominal bucket fill, 298K background, + 5 C signal 7.6 Non-Uniformity Correction One Point (offset value with unity gain) Two Point (offset and gain values) non-volatile NUC Types Two Point w/Bad Pixel Detection/Replacement...
9 – Infrared Primer 8 Maintenance 8.1 Camera and Lens Cleaning 8.1.1 Camera Body, Cables and Accessories The camera body, cables and accessories may be cleaned by wiping with a soft cloth. To remove stains, wipe with a soft cloth moistened with a mild detergent solution and wrung dry, then wipe with a dry soft cloth.
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9 – Infrared Primer NEVER touch the face of the optic. Cover the optic and store in a dry - dust free area immediately after cleaning. 1. Blow or brush loose particles from surface. Don’t let them contaminate your work area. Use air from a can or a filtered source.
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