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UNAOHM EP2500 Manual

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1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS & GENERAL WARNINGS............................................................4
1.1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ................................................................................................. 4
1.2 GENERAL WARNINGS ................................................................................................... 5
1.3 MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................................... 5
1.4 NOTES................................................................................................................................ 5
2 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................6
3 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS .......................................................................................................7
3.1 SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................................. 7
4 ACCESSORIES............................................................................................................................11
4.1 STANDARD ACCESSORIES ......................................................................................... 11
4.2 OPTIONALS .................................................................................................................... 11
4.3 ANCILLARY INSTRUMENTS ...................................................................................... 11
5 CONTROLS and CONNECTIONS ...........................................................................................14
5.1 FRONT PANEL................................................................................................................ 14
5.2 LEFT SIDE PANEL ......................................................................................................... 15
5.3 RIGHT SIDE PANEL....................................................................................................... 15
6 POWER SUPPLY ........................................................................................................................16
6.1 PREPARING THE INSTRUMENT FOR USE ............................................................... 16
6.2 BATTERY REPLACEMENT .......................................................................................... 16
6.3 POWER SUPPLY MODES.............................................................................................. 18
6.3.1
Low Battery Indication.............................................................................................. 18
6.4 11VDC. AUXILIARY OUTPUT SOURCE OF POWER ............................................... 18
7 OPERATING MODE ..................................................................................................................19
7.1 DEFAULT CONDITIONS ............................................................................................... 19
7.2 ON SCREEN DISPLAY................................................................................................... 19
7.2.1
Screen Saver.............................................................................................................. 19
7.3 VOLUME, BRIGHTNESS & CONTRAST ADJUSTMENTS ....................................... 19
7.5 RESET .............................................................................................................................. 20
7.6 TUNING ........................................................................................................................... 20
7.6.1
SAT Tuning by Means of Transponder Frequency ................................................... 20
7.7 ATTENUATOR................................................................................................................ 21
7.8 LNB. REMOTE POWER SUPPLY TO LNB .................................................................. 21
7.9 22 kHz COMMAND SIGNAL ......................................................................................... 21
7.10 DiSEqC ............................................................................................................................. 22
7.10.1
How to Engage the 22 kHz Tone............................................................................... 22
7.10.2
Transmission of a DiSEqC 1.1 Command ................................................................ 22
7.10.3
DiSEqC 1.2 for Steerable Dishes.............................................................................. 22
7.10.4
User-Defined DiSEqC 1.1 Commands...................................................................... 24
7.11 MEASUREMENT BANDWIDTH................................................................................... 25
7.12 FUNCTION ...................................................................................................................... 25
7.13 SPECTRUM ANALYSER FUNCTION .......................................................................... 25
7.13.1
Video Filter ............................................................................................................... 26
7.14 SPECTRUM EXPANDED FUNCTION.......................................................................... 26
EP2500 (Rev. 0)
UNAOHM
INDEX
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  • Page 1: Table Of Contents

    7.10.3 DiSEqC 1.2 for Steerable Dishes................22 7.10.4 User-Defined DiSEqC 1.1 Commands..............24 7.11 MEASUREMENT BANDWIDTH................... 25 7.12 FUNCTION ........................25 7.13 SPECTRUM ANALYSER FUNCTION ................25 7.13.1 Video Filter ....................... 26 7.14 SPECTRUM EXPANDED FUNCTION................26 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 2 OFDM Display Description..................42 9.1.4 How to Use the OFDM Card ..................43 9.1.5 QAM Display Description..................43 9.1.6 How to Use the QAM Card ..................44 10 MPEG CARD ..........................45 10.1 HOW TO USE THE MPEG CARD ................. 45 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 3 13 CHANNEL FORMAT TABLE....................59 14 WARRANTY ..........................65 Unaohm Start S.p.A. reserve the right to change product specifications at any moment and without notice, regardless of whether the change is of technical or commercial nature or being implemented to comply with legal requirements of specific countries.

  • Page 4: Safety Precautions & General Warnings

    The below-indicated safety precautions and general warnings must carefully be observed during all phases of use, maintenance and servicing of the instrument to avoid damages to persons, animals and property. UNAOHM START S.p.A. assumes no responsibility for incorrect use of the instrument or if the norms specified are not followed. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS •...

  • Page 5: General Warnings

    CRT and its related low and high voltage power supply circuits, they must not be modified with respect to the original conditions as otherwise, safety requirements will not be met. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 6: Introduction

    UNAOHM INTRODUCTION The field strength meter EP2500 provides total coverage in the Terrestrial, Cable Television (CATV) and first IF Satellite bands. Even though this is a technically advanced instrument, its relatively low cost makes it very popular among a wide range of installers, from the professional who is busy with certifications for large system installations to the electrician who has just started making himself known in the TV installation trade.

  • Page 7: Main Characteristics

    4 Recall of one of the stored programs. 100 programs. Storage capacity Frequency and channel (if available) through OSD technique. Reading 50 kHz for the VHF/UHF bands and 125 kHz for SAT. Resolution Better than 0.001%. Accuracy EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 8 -Simultaneous display of a portion of the analogue TV-picture and the horizontal TV-synch pulse waveform. -Total frequency spectrum with frequency marker. -Partial frequency spectrum (SPAN) with frequency marker. -Video monitor (by means of the SCART socket). -Teletext pages. PAL B/G (2) (see Special Features). Analogue TV Standard EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 9 Reed Solomon Uncorrected (errors). Maximum count 65535. LOCKED, UNLOCKED, NO CARRIER. Locking Indication AFC (Automatic Frequency Control) within ±3 MHz from nominal frequency OK, HIGH, LOW indication. PWR Index ETS 300429 Reed Solomon; ETS 300 Deinterleaving compatible. Digital Standard EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 10 Pilot light Warning Mechanical 320x115x335 mm (L x H x D). Dimensions Approximately 5.5 kg with carrying case. and battery fitted. Weight The instrument is contained in an Elite carrying case with accessories Finishing compartment and strap for transport. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 11: Accessories

    Second Battery Kit. ANCILLARY INSTRUMENTS • NG500/75 White Noise Generator • NG754/75 (2 GHz) White Noise Generator. • P257/75 Reflectometer. • P139 Noise generator with reflectometer bridge. • Voltage booster FP1 for battery recharge through the car lighter jack. EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 12 UNAOHM Figure 1 Front panel EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 13 UNAOHM Figure2 Left side panel view and serial RS232 and USB ports. Figure 3 SCART socket EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 14: Controls And Connections

    22. SOUND. Enables the Shaft Encoder to select the audio satellite carrier. When pressed again, tuning is enabled. . Arrow keys. To shift the cursor to the different digits of the number to program by means of the Shaft Encoder. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 15: Left Side Panel

    40. EXT. Input jack for an external power source. 41. 11V OUT. Output of an auxiliary 11 Vdc source of power to an external circuit, at the operator’s disposal. 42. RS232 and USB connectors. RIGHT SIDE PANEL 43. SCART socket. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 16: Power Supply

    “Live” pole) of the battery does not become electrically connected to the chassis even for a few instants (for example, while using tools that may accidentally be dropped into the instrument): this could severely damage the power supply circuits and the battery. EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 17 UNAOHM Figure 4 How to fit or change the battery EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 18: Power Supply Modes

    When the remaining duration of the battery reaches ten minutes, the indication “Low Battery” is displayed every 30 seconds. 11VDC. AUXILIARY OUTPUT SOURCE OF POWER An 11 Vdc source of output power (41) is available to the operator and offers self protection and a 150 mA current limiter (see Figure2 ). EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 19: Operating Mode

    This operation may be carried out by means of the digit keys (8), and then by means of ↵ (21) or the Shaft Encoder (24) to confirm your entry. Arrows (23) select the digit being modified, while the Shaft Encoder (24) increases and decreases the value to be set. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 20: Reset

    The local oscillator 1 or 2, on which the cursor is positioned when EXIT is pressed, is the one that will be used later for tuning. During normal use of the instrument, if you wish to display sequencially the 1 IF, local oscillator A or local oscillator B, press key CH LO A-B (31). EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 21: Attenuator

    It is alternately enabled and disabled by pressing the key 22k (27). The presence of the signal is indicated in OSD fashion on the display. The same function may be carried out in the DiSEqC menu (see the following chapter). The 22 kHz signal is available only when the LNB power supply is inserted. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 22: Diseqc

    NOTE: DiSEqC is engaged oly when power to the LNB in SAT band is engaged. The complete DiSEqC list os commands is found in Appendix A. 7.10.3 DiSEqC 1.2 for Steerable Dishes DiSEqC 1.2 commands make it possible to control the position of a steerable dish. EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 23 3. Spin the shaft encoder in order to set the desired TIME (from 1 to 99 seconds) or STEP (from step 1 to 99). 4. Press ↵ ENTER or BACK to confirm. • RECALCULATE SAT POSITION. All sat positions stored inside any of the motor setting location can be recalculated simply by pressing the decimal point key. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 24: User-Defined Diseqc 1.1 Commands

    NOTE:DiSEqC messages are composed of bytes each consisting of two digits, therefore they will be comprehensible only if composed of an even number of digits. DiSEqC commands EDIT /DELET gTONE BURST BACK DATA BURST SW5 ON h LO E0103901 DOWN Figure 8 DiSEqC command selection display PAGE 1 OF 5 EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 25: Measurement Bandwidth

    • The set LNB voltage (not necessarily applied). • 22 kHz tone insertion. • The attenuation engaged. The measurement bandwidth, W (wide) or N (narrow) and the type of demodulator in use appear on the multifunction keys (4). EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 26: Video Filter

    • For the SAT frequencies, the marker frequency accuracy is in tens of kHz; therefore in the N (narrow) band, it may not lie on the cusp of a CW even if it has been perfectly tuned. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 27: Measurement Function

    • The program. • The engaged attenuation. • The 22kHz tone engaged. • The set LNB voltage. • Video polarity (SAT band only). The type of demodulator selected and the measurement bandwidth are shown on the multifunction keys (4). EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 28: Measurement Demodulator Selection

    There are circumstances when it is very difficult, if not actually impossible, to read the display or view the data displayed on the screen of the instrument. Consider, for example dish peaking. With it, it is very useful to engage the aural duplication of the signal level (or DCP) being received. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 29: Video Signal Quality

    Pressing SYNC displays the horizontal synch pulse of the video signal received,on the left side of the screen, just as on an ordinary oscilloscope. The analysis of the synch pulse may offer quite useful information; in particular: EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 30: Monitor Function

    This way you avoid overwriting a new program in a location which has already been used for program storing. For memory recall see section 7.6 on tuning. 7.19 SPECIAL MEASUREMENTS Access to three special measurements is possible through the EXP and MEA functions: EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 31: Video-To-Audio Ratio

    -37.4 dBm BACK 88.1 dBuV CHBW UNIT 1740 SC0:6.50 pr 00 30 CHBW 13V Figure 14 DCP measurement display EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 32: Carrier-To-Noise Ratio (C/N)

    When an OFDM card is fitted inside the unit a display as per Figure 16 will appear on the screen. The measurement digits shown in square brackets in Figure 16 will not appear in the actual display. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 33: Qam Ber Estimation

    DCP, BER, MER for digital signal measurements per acquisition. Following data acquisition, all data may be simultaneously cancelled or each acquisition one by one. The acquisition of analogue and/or digital programs is possible, up to 100 programs per acquisition. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 34: How To Carry Out An Acquisition

    4. To scroll the data use UP or DOWN. If an acquisition called for a number of programs higher than those that may be simultaneously displayed on the screen, • “MORE” appears on the upper right side; EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 35: Cancellation Of All Data Stored

    5. Exit by means of BACK, then EXIT. 7.21 USE OF THE SCART SOCKET The SCART socket -see Figure 17- is mainly used as: 1. An output for an external colour monitor or one whose screen is larger than that of the instrument. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 36: Description Of The Connections

    7 RTS Request To Send. (Direction Instrument ← PC). The instrument waits for this line to be activated before transmitting data to the PC. 8 CTS Clear To Send. (Direction Instrument → PC). This line when brought to an active level informs the PC that data transmission may begin. Not connected. 9 NC EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 37: Transmission Format

    (the USB port in this instance). • Once the installation is complete, the PC assigns the USB port the first free COM (for example, if COM 1 and COM 2 are installed, the USB will be associated to COM 3 automatically). EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 38: How To Use The Usb Port Correctly

    ♦ DEEMPHASIS. Sets deemphasis. CONFIGURATION. ♦ MEA UNIT. Establishes the level measurement unit. ♦ BUZZER. Enables/disables the “beep” when pressed and enables the relative volume adjustment. ♦ CRT/SOUND DEFAULT. Resets the standard brightness, contrast and volume values. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 39: Examples

    2. Press UP or DOWN (4) until the OSD displays a small white square beside the VIDEO FILTER message; this is followed by ON if the filter has been enabled or by OFF if it is disabled. To change the status, press the confirmation key ↵. 3. Press BACK twice or MENU. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 40: Dvb-S Dvb-C Dvb-T Demodulators

    On the same line M is shown to indicate the attenuation value engaged. • SPECT on the bottom line tells of the polarity set followed by AUTO for automatic as the search is done that way by the instrument. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 41: How To Use The Qpsk Card

    If storing in a program, the Symbol Rate, Code Rate, Spectrum settings will also be stored together with the other normal values such as frequency, etc. through key ↓↓ STORE (30). To exit the QPSK function press BACK and EXIT. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 42: Ofdm Display Description

    On the right side of the display, from top to bottom, we have the designations of the softkeys. The functions the softkeys offer will be described in the section related to how to use the OFDM card. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 43: How To Use The Ofdm Card

    It indicates whether the level of the signal available at the tuner input is suitable for digital decoding (this depends on both the programmed attenuation of the instrument and the level of the signal available at the input). EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 44: How To Use The Qam Card

    ↓↓ STORE (30). To exit the OFDM function press BACK, then EXIT. See APPENDIX B for more details. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 45: Mpeg Card

    Figure 22 BER display of a QPSK signal A transmodulation demodulates and decodes the channels of a digital satellite transponder, which normally occupies a 30 MHz bandwidth, into a digital terrestrial transponder containing the very same channels in a 7 MHz bandwidth. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 46: Description Of The Mpeg Network Information Table (Nit)

    Broadcaster-encrypted (not free to air) programs are marked by an “E” close to the name of the program. NOTE: it may happen that you are shown an “E” when the program received is actually free to air (not encrypted) or viceversa. This is because broadcasters at times do not transmit programs as declaired. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 47: Mpeg Program Monitoring

    If the program being viewed contains more than one audio channel, it is possible to select them in sequence by pressing the key SOUND (22). 10.2.3 Messages Some informative messages about the status of the reception may appear on the screen for short periods of time. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 48: Appendix A - List Of Diseqc Commands

    Po 2 – V – h LO E0 10 38 F5 Write N0-F6 Po 2 – H – l LO E0 10 38 F6 Write N0-F7 Po 2 – H – h LO E0 10 38 F7 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 49 Progressive number associated to the command. Composition (Hex) Hexadecimal value of the bytes composing the message transmitted. Switch Orbital position Horizontal polarisation Vertical polarisation h LO High Local Oscillator frequency l LO Low Local Oscillator frequency Polarisation Option Select. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 50: Appendix B - Dvb-S Dvb-C Dvb-T Modulation

    6) Guard Interval (for OFDM). This parameter is used only in OFDM. It may vary from 1/4 to 1/32. It indicates the percentage of transmission time dedicated to cancelling echoes and multiple signal paths. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 51: Ber

    Reed-Solomon, the Viterbi correcting stage being missing. RF Signal Data output Channel BER post-Viterbi BER QPSK-coded MPEG coded Tuner Viterbi error Serialize Reed-Solomon correction Digitizer error orrection Reception chain DVB-S (QPSK) Figure 24 Simplified block diagram of an IRD DVB-S (QPSK) demodulating chain EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 52: Qpsk Measurements

    (or pre Reed Solomon BER, the name of the second correcting stage). Since the two measurements are theoretically equated but yield different results, it is necessary to understand how to “weight” them, what their limitations are in order to carry out a top quality installation. EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 53 Rs = Symbol rate in M symb/sec. Bw = Signal band. = Number of bits transmitted per symbol (2 for QPSK, 4 for QAM 16, 6 for QAM 64, 7 for QAM 128, 8 for QAM 256). Example: EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 54 Measurement carried out on CH BER (pre Viterbi BER) from 1E-5 (1 error out of 100000) LNB output to 1E-4 (1 error out of 10000) Headend output better than 1E-3 (1 error out of 1000) Worst user’s socket Table 2 EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 55: Qpsk Mer Measurement

    The OFDM is characterized by the simultaneous transmission of an elevated number of carriers, two or eight thousand, each one having its own digital modulation. The carriers are not really generated and modulated individually: mathematical algorithms generate the carrier modulation, which initially is a EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 56: Ofdm Ch Ber And Post Viterbi Ber Measurement

    This conter gives an idea of the quality of the installation if checked over long periods of time. EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 57: Qam Measurements

    = 4 (QAM = 16), 5 (QAM = 32), 6 (QAM = 64), 7 (QAM = 128), 8 (QAM = 256) Example: For DVB-C, QAM 64 with BW=7MHz - Rs=6.8 M S/s obtains: Eb/No=C/N - 10*log [(6.8*6)/7] Eb/No=C/N-7.6 EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 58: Qam Mer Measurement

    The increase depends on the corrections carried out in the “Reed Solomon” stage but these are already numerically very low when the “Channel BER” is around 1.10 (in the order of one increase every 30 minutes). A very simplified flow chart of the digital signal is shown in Figure 25 . EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 59: Channel Format Table

    423.25 200.00 719.25 554.15 S 37 * 431.25 208.00 727.25 562.15 S 38 * 439.25 216.00 735.25 570.15 S 39 * 447.25 224.00 743.25 578.15 S 40 * 455.25 751.25 586.15 S 41 * 463.25 CCIR UHF EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 60 S 24 327.25 383.25 519.25 147.25 S 25 335.25 393.75 531.25 155.25 S 26 343.25 404.25 543.25 163.25 S 27 351.25 414.75 555.25 175.25 S 28 359.25 425.25 567.25 187.25 S 29 367.25 579.25 203.25 S 30 375.25 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 61 611.25 B 14 219.75 520.00 215.25 618.25 528.00 223.25 625.25 CCIR UHF 536.00 231.25 632.25 544.00 (12) 639.25 247.43 646.25 653.25 120.00 CCIR UHF 660.25 128.00 55.25 667.25 136.00 135.25 674.25 144.00 159.25 681.25 152.00 175.25 688.25 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 62 313.25 663.25 DD 40 319.25 669.25 EE 41 325.25 675.25 FF 42 331.25 681.25 GG 43 337.25 687.25 HH 44 343.25 693.25 349.25 699.25 355.25 705.25 KK 47 361.25 711.25 LL 48 367.25 717.25 MM 49 373.25 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 63 855.25 S 24 327.25 49.75 863.25 S 25 335.25 57.75 871.25 S 26 343.25 65.75 879.25 S 27 351.25 77.25 887.25 S 28 359.25 85.25 895.25 S 29 367.25 168.25 S 30 375.25 176.25 S 31 383.25 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
  • Page 64 311.25 49.75 319.25 59.25 327.25 77.25 335.25 85.25 343.25 111.25 351.25 119.25 359.25 127.25 367.25 135.25 375.25 143.25 383.25 151.25 391.25 159.25 399.25 167.25 407.25 175.25 415.25 183.25 423.25 191.25 431.25 199.25 439.25 207.25 447.25 215.25 455.25 EP2500 (Rev. 0)

  • Page 65: Warranty

    UNAOHM WARRANTY This Unaohm instrument is guaranteed against defects in workmanship and materials for a period of one year. Any necessary adjustments or repairs will be provided from our works or our representatives’ service centre where the instrument is to be delivered packed in adequate packing and fully insured, AFTER an authorization for return has been received.

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