Garmin GDL 82 Installation Manual
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Garmin GDL 82 Installation Manual

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GDL 82 TSO
Installation Manual
190-01810-00
March 2018
Revision 5

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  • Page 1 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual 190-01810-00 March 2018 Revision 5...
  • Page 2 Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permission to download a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium to be viewed and to print one copy of this manual or of any revision...

  • Page 3: Manual Layout

    Updated name of switch and discrete input. Manual Layout The aim of this installation manual is to provide clear and concise guidance in a layout designed to follow the logical order of a typical GDL 82 installation. 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev.
  • Page 4 WWW.DTSC.CA.GOV/HAZARDOUSWASTE/PERCHLORATE. CAUTION TO AVOID DAMAGE TO THE GDL 82 UNIT, TAKE PRECAUTIONS TO PREVENT ELECTRO-STATIC DISCHARGE (ESD) WHEN HANDLING THE UNIT, CONNECTORS, AND ASSOCIATED WIRING. ESD DAMAGE CAN BE PREVENTED BY TOUCHING AN OBJECT THAT IS OF THE SAME ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL AS THE GDL 82 UNIT BEFORE HANDLING THE GDL 82 ITSELF.
  • Page 5 Global Navigation Satellite System Global Positioning System HDOP Horizontal Dilution of Precision Horizontal Protection Level HFOM Horizontal Figure of Merit ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization Latitude Longitude Line Replaceable Unit 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page iv...
  • Page 6 Ultra-High Frequency Universal Serial Bus Universal Time Coordinated VDOP Vertical Dilution of Precision VFOM Vertical Figure of Merit Very High Frequency VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page v...

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Special Tools ............................3-4 Installation Planning and Considerations ....................4-1 Installation Requirements ........................4-1 Pre-Installation Transponder Check ......................4-2 GDL 82 External Sensors and Devices ..................... 4-3 Antenna Requirements ........................... 4-4 Antenna Considerations ......................... 4-6 Interference Considerations ........................4-9 Connector Pinouts ............................5-1 J821 Connector .............................
  • Page 8 Assert Log Page ..........................7-9 Figure 7-11 System Page ..........................7-10 Figure 7-12 Upload Software Page ........................7-13 Figure 9-1 GDL 82 Dimensions and Center of Gravity ..................9-1 Figure 10-1 Typical Installation ......................... 10-2 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5...
  • Page 9 Table 1-6 Garmin Reference Documents ....................... 1-4 Table 1-7 Industry Reference Documents ......................1-4 Table 2-1 GDL 82 Physical Specifications....................... 2-2 Table 2-2 GDL 82 Power Specifications ......................... 2-2 Table 2-3 GPS/SBAS Specifications ........................2-3 Table 2-4 978 MHz UAT Specifications ......................... 2-3 Table 2-5 1030 MHz Transmitter Specifications.....................
  • Page 10 This is an incomplete system intended to provide the functions identified in, and when installed according to the installation manual. The Appliance Project Identifier (API) for the GDL 82 is GMN-01560. The API has been used for project identification with the FAA.

  • Page 11: Tso & System Information

    B [2] UAT Transmission Transponder Self-Interrogation L-Band Suppression System Failure Annunciation Anonymous Mode [1] GPS/SBAS is only used internally for UAT. [2] GPS ASIC developed to DO-178B level B equivalent process. 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 1-2...

  • Page 12: Table 1-4 Tso Deviations

    Call Sign TSO-C154c Identification (CSID) Logic. 3. Garmin was granted a deviation from RTCA/DO-282B section 2.2.12 to not provide a suppression bus output. 4. Garmin was granted a deviation from RTCA/DO-282B section 2.2.7.1a Table 2-63 Line 15 to not accept barometric vertical rate input.

  • Page 13: Reference Documents

    AC 43.13-2B Radio Specifications Standard 102 RSS-102 1.2.1 Environmental Qualification Form It is the responsibility of the installing agency to obtain the EQF necessary for the GDL 82. The environmental form is available on the Dealer Resource Center flyGarmin.com. 1.2.2 Continued Airworthiness Maintenance of the GDL 82 is “on condition”...

  • Page 14: System Limitations

    The GDL 82 transmitter is limited to using antennas meeting the requirements as specified in section 4.4.1. GPS/SBAS Antenna The GDL 82 internal GPS/SBAS receiver is required to use one of the GPS/SBAS antennas listed in section 4.4.2. Mode S Transponder The GDL 82 should not be installed with a Mode S transponder.

  • Page 15: System Specification And Functionality

    System Interface ............................2-5 2.1 System Functionality The GDL 82 is a remote-mounted unit that contains a 978 MHz transmitter, a 1090 MHz receiver, and a 1030 MHz transmitter. This unit transmits ownship Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) data through the UAT data link.

  • Page 16: Unit Specifications

    GDL 82 weight (installed with connectors) 0.99 lbs (0.45 kg) GDL 82 with GPS/SBAS weight (unit only) 1.13 lbs (0.51 kg) GDL 82 with GPS/SBAS weight (installed with connectors) 1.22 lbs (0.55 kg) Connector kit weight 0.09 lbs (0.04 kg) Operating temperature range -45°C to +70°C...

  • Page 17: Table 2-3 Gps/Sbas Specifications

    Continuous phase FSK, h = 0.6, raised cosine Modulation shaping, a = 0.5 Data rate 1.04 Mbps 99% power bandwidth 1.3 MHz 60 dB bandwidth 3.3 MHz (estimated) [1] As measured at the ANT RF connector. 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 2-3...

  • Page 18: Table 2-5 1030 Mhz Transmitter Specifications

    SPECIFICATIONS [1] Frequency 1090 MHz Frequency tolerance +5 MHz Modulation Binary pulse-position Data rate 1 Mbps Sensitivity +25 dBm for 90% MSR [1] As measured at the XPDR RF connector. 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 2-4...

  • Page 19: System Interface

    Mode Switch PC Config Squat/WOW Discrete Tool Switch Figure 2-1 System Interfaces Table 2-7 GDL 82 Interface Summary INTERFACE QUANTITY RS-232 Discrete active low inputs Discrete active low output External GPS time mark input USB data port (for configuration and checkout through PC)

  • Page 20: Installation Materials

    3.4.3 Test Equipment ............................3-4 This section describes hardware equipment required for GDL 82 installations. Installation should follow the aircraft TC or STC requirements. The installing agency fabricates the wire harness to fit each aircraft. For retro-fit installations, AC 43.13-1B and AC 43.13-2B guidance may be useful.

  • Page 21: Gdl 82 Materials

    22-28 AWG Garmin P/N 336-00021-00 Military P/N M39029/58-360 [1] [1] Part numbers not provided by Garmin are subject to change without notice. Table 3-4 GA 35 Antenna Garmin P/N 013-002035-00 ITEM 013-00235-00 (Garmin) GA 35 GPS/ WAAS Antenna [1] AT575-93G (Aero Antenna) [1] Antenna includes 8-32 x 1.00"...

  • Page 22: Optional Accessories

    Amphenol RF, Four Old Newtown Road, Danbury, CT 06810 Phone: (800) 627-7100 www.amphenol.com 3.3 Materials Required but not Supplied The GDL 82 is intended for use with standard aviation accessories. The following items are required for installation, but not supplied. NOTE If using MIL-W-22759/18, support and protect the wire.

  • Page 23: Special Tools

    Transponder ramp test set (e.g., Aeorflex IFR-6000 or TIC TR-220) • • ADS-B test set (e.g., Garmin GDL 39 and Garmin Pilot application) if a transponder ramp test set is not capable of receiving UAT (978 MHz) ADS-B Out messages 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev.

  • Page 24: Installation Planning And Considerations

    4.5.2 GPS (GDL 82 with GPS/SBAS Only) ......................4-7 Interference Considerations ........................... 4-9 This section provides GDL 82 considerations and requirements for selecting the proper installation locations, supporting structure, electrical wiring, and antenna mounting. 4.1 Installation Requirements The GDL 82 requires the following minimum installation.

  • Page 25: Pre-Installation Transponder Check

    Use a ramp tester to verify the existing transponder system’s peak output power and receiver sensitivity is compatible with the GDL 82 before installation. The GDL 82 introduces up to 1.5 dB loss in the transmission line as measured at the antenna output.

  • Page 26: Gdl 82 External Sensors And Devices

    4.3 GDL 82 External Sensors and Devices ADS-B equipment requires GPS/SBAS data for ADS-B Out transmissions. The following GPS/SBAS data sources (and their software versions) may be used with the GDL 82:  GDL 82 internal GPS/SBAS with approved GPS antenna ...

  • Page 27: Antenna Requirements

    1090 MHz. Evaluate these antennas on a model-by-model basis to determine their suitability as UAT data link antennas. The GDL 82 requires the existing L-Band Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) antenna(s) meet the following specifications:  Standard 50 ohm vertically polarized antenna with a VSWR < 1.7:1 at 978 MHz and < 1.5:1 at 1090 MHz.

  • Page 28: Table 4-3 Acceptable Gps/Sbas Antennas

    [2] The GPS connector is a TNC type. The Very High Frequency (VHF) connector is a BNC type. [3] The GPS connector is a TNC type. The XM connector is a TNC type. The VHF connector is a BNC type. 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 4-5...

  • Page 29: Antenna Considerations

    1.5 dB of loss to the transmission line between the interfaced transponder and the L-Band antenna. The GDL 82 should be mounted as close as possible to the antenna to reduce the length of coaxial cable between the unit and the antenna.

  • Page 30: Gps (Gdl 82 With Gps/Sbas Only)

    Installation Planning and Considerations 4.5.2 GPS (GDL 82 with GPS/SBAS Only) The following provides guidance for selecting an optimal location for GPS antenna installation. The installation guidelines meet the intent of AC 20-138D Section 16. The greater the variance from these guidelines, the greater the chance of decreased signal availability.

  • Page 31: Figure 4-2 Fixed Wing Gps Antenna Mounting Considerations

    NORMAL FLIGHT ATTITUDE SIDE VIEW ANTENNA MUST BE ON TOP OF AIRCRAFT Figure 4-2 Fixed Wing GPS Antenna Mounting Considerations GPS ANTENNA ANTENNA Figure 4-3 Rotorcraft GPS Antenna Mounting Considerations 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 4-8...

  • Page 32: Interference Considerations

    Certain non-aviation radios, including marine transceivers, can interfere with civil aviation navigation and surveillance equipment, including the GDL 82. The installer is responsible to ensure any modifications are compatible with all previous aircraft modifications. If the GDL 82 is installed with non-aviation radios, verify there is no interference.

  • Page 33: Connector Pinouts

    J821 Connector ............................. 5-2 Functional Descriptions ..........................5-3 5.2.1 Power and Antennas ..........................5-3 5.2.2 RS-232 ..............................5-4 5.2.3 Discrete Inputs ............................5-4 5.2.4 Discrete Output............................5-5 5.2.5 Time Mark Inputs ............................ 5-5 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 5-1...

  • Page 34: J821 Connector

    PIN NAME USB D- In/Out TIME MARK A TIME MARK B SQUAT SWITCH* ANONYMOUS MODE* USB D+ In/Out GROUND RS-232 TX1 RS-232 RX1 FAULT ALERT USB V RESERVED RESERVED GROUND POWER 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 5-2...

  • Page 35: Functional Descriptions

    Connector Pinouts Discrete Inputs* The GDL 82 has two active-low discrete input pins denoted with an asterisk (*). The following signal conditions are required for the states of those inputs: Active (low) state: Input signal is < 1.0 VDC and/or resistance to ground < 375 ohm •...

  • Page 36: Table 5-4 Rs-232

    VFR squawk code, the GDL 82 will enter anonymous mode. If the integrated transponder is not tuned to the VFR squawk code, the GDL 82 will not enter anonymous mode in either discrete state.

  • Page 37: Table 5-6 Discrete Outputs

    P821 The GDL 82 accepts a Time Mark Input signal pair. When used with an external position source, the navigator sense Time Mark signals connect to the Time Mark input pins. Connect a single-ended time mark to TIME MARK A.

  • Page 38: Installation Procedures

    6.4.1 GPS Antenna............................6-8 6.4.2 GPS Antenna Doubler ..........................6-9 This section provides guidance necessary for GDL 82 installation. Perform steps in the order presented. All materials needed are identified in section 3. 6.1 Cabling and Wiring General Instructions CAUTION ENSURE THERE ARE NO WIRING ERRORS BEFORE CONNECTING THE CABLES.

  • Page 39: Figure 6-1 Shield Termination

    Slide a piece of shrink tube (1) onto the prepared cable and shrink using a heat gun. The chosen size of shrink tube must accommodate the number of conductors present in the cable. Figure 6-1 Shield Termination 5. Repeat steps 1 through 4 as needed for the remaining shielded cables. 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 6-2...

  • Page 40: Figure 6-2 Insulation To Pin/Socket Clearance

    3. Insert the pin into the connector housing location as specified by the interconnect drawings in section 10. 4. Verify the pin is properly engaged in the connector by tugging on the wire. Figure 6-2 Insulation to Pin/Socket Clearance 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 6-3...

  • Page 41: Backshell Assembly

    CONCAVE SIDE AGAINST THE CABLE BUNDLE WILL DAMAGE WIRES. CAUTION TAKE CARE IN ORIENTING THE CONNECTOR ON THE GDL 82. INCORRECT ORIENTATION MAY DAMAGE THE GDL 82. Each tapped hole on the backshell may accommodate up to two ring terminals •...

  • Page 42: Figure 6-3 Jackscrew Backshell Assembly

    Installation Procedures Figure 6-3 Jackscrew Backshell Assembly 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 6-5...

  • Page 43: Coaxial Cable Installation

    Cables are shown for reference only. Any standard 50 ohm, double-shielded coaxial cable assembly that meets the attenuation (with connectors) and airworthiness requirements can be used. A loss of 0.2 dB can be used for each connection when calculating cable loss. Cables that meet the specifications in table 6-1 are satisfactory for GDL 82 installations.

  • Page 44: Unit Installation

    GPS 82 w/GPS 1.5 dB 6.5 dB 6.3 Unit Installation The GDL 82 is mounted with four 6/32-inch screws and self locking nuts. Use the dimensions shown in section 9 to prepare unit mounting holes. 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev.

  • Page 45: Antenna Installation And Connections

    Refer to GA 35, GA 36, GA 37 Antenna Installation Instructions for additional installation information. Temporarily locate the GPS/SBAS antenna with coax connected to the GDL 82 unit and check the GPS/SBAS performance as described in section 8.1.1. Once a suitable location has been verified, then permanently mount the antenna.

  • Page 46: Gps Antenna Doubler

    1575.42 MHz notch filter in series with the antenna coax of the VHF COM transceiver. A notch filter is available from Garmin (P/N 330-00067-00). If a VHF COM transmitter causes problems with the GPS on selected frequencies, as listed in the post-installation checkout, the problem may be due to the ELT.

  • Page 47: System Configuration

    Software Loading Instructions........................7-13 This section provides configuration instructions that include: Basic diagnostics information • • Load software into the GDL 82 (if required) • Configure the GDL 82 for the specific installation 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5...

  • Page 48: Gdl 8X Install Tool

    Winzip (or equivalent application) to extract downloaded file 3. USB-A to USB-B adapter cable to interface between a computer USB-A receptacle and the GDL 82 USB-B receptacle installed in the wiring harness. The cable length should not exceed 16 ft.

  • Page 49: Figure 7-3 Tool Tip Example

    System Configuration Tool tips provide additional information to assist in configuring or trouble shooting the GDL 82 installation. Question marks display when tool tips are available. Hover the cursor over a question mark for one second to view the tool tip.

  • Page 50: Diagnostics

    System Configuration 7.2 Diagnostics 7.2.1 GDL 82 Unit Information Page Device Model Part Number Serial Number • • • Key Region • Version • Part Number Software Version Part Number • • FPGA • Version • Part Number Internal GPS Software...

  • Page 51: Figure 7-5 Discretes Page

    This page provides squat switch and anonymous mode input discrete statuses and allows the failure annunciation discrete output to be set active or inactive. The active setting helps verify whether the unit failure annunciation lamp is connected correctly. Figure 7-5 Discretes Page 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 7-5...

  • Page 52: Figure 7-6 Gps Page

    UTC date • UTC time • • HFOM • VFOM • HDOP • VDOP • GPS AGC voltage • Height above terrain (for external GPS only) Figure 7-6 GPS Page 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 7-6...

  • Page 53: Figure 7-7 Gps Sat Status Page

    System Configuration 7.2.4 GPS Sat Status Page This page provides GPS satellite channel status. Figure 7-7 GPS Sat Status Page 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 7-7...

  • Page 54: Figure 7-8 Ads-B Page

    This page provides transponder and UAT information. Transponder • Interface status • Active mode • Pressure altitude • Squawk code • IDENT status Address Flight ID Air/Ground status • • • Figure 7-8 ADS-B Page 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 7-8...

  • Page 55: Figure 7-9 Faults Page

    7.2.6 Faults Page This page displays detected failures. Figure 7-9 Faults Page 7.2.7 Assert Log Page Diagnostic information can be saved or cleared from this page. Figure 7-10 Assert Log Page 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 7-9...

  • Page 56: Configuration

    Light Light (ICAO) < 15,000 lbs maximum gross weight Rotorcraft Rotorcraft Stall Speed Set the stall speed for air/ground determination to the value of aircraft landing configuration stall speed (Vs0). 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 7-10...

  • Page 57: Table 7-2 Squat Switch Selections

    This setting is used for the UAT anonymous mode feature (if enabled). The transponder must be tuned to this code before the GDL 82 is capable of transmitting a temporary address and a flight ID. This field has a range of 0000-7777 (octal).

  • Page 58: Ads-B Selections

    Consult the aircraft operator for guidance on whether this feature should be installed. When installed, enabled, and the flight crew selects the anonymous mode with the transponder tuned to the VFR code, the GDL 82 transmits a temporary address instead of the aircraft’s assigned ICAO address code, and a temporary Flight ID.

  • Page 59: Software Loading Instructions

    Dealer Resource Center to verify the correct software version. The GDL 82 comes preloaded with software. However, it is necessary to verify the software version and part numbers. The Upload Software page displays version and part number information for the GDL 82 Software, FPGA, and GPS/SBAS Software.

  • Page 60: System Checkout

    System Checkout System Checkout Ground Checks.............................. 8-2 8.1.1 GPS ............................... 8-2 8.1.2 Interface Checks............................8-3 Documentation Checks..........................8-4 8.2.1 Flight Manual Supplement........................8-4 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 8-1...

  • Page 61: Ground Checks

    The GPS checkouts described in this section are applicable for installations utilizing the GDL 82 internal GPS/SBAS receiver as a position source. To ensure the GDL 82 is able to compute a GPS position, all other avionics should be turned off at the start of this test, with the GDL 82 powered on. To verify, go to the GPS page.

  • Page 62: Interface Checks

    ENABLED position, and Inactive when the switch is in the DISABLED position. 4. If the GDL 82 does not receive the correct signal from the interfaced switch, verify the wiring and ensure it is connected properly and not shorted to ground.

  • Page 63: Documentation Checks

    System Checkout Discrete Output If the GDL 82 is connected to any optional external annunciators, perform the following steps: 1. Go to the GDL 82 Discretes page. 2. If the Fault Alert discrete output is connected to an annunciator, toggle the output to ACTIVE (corresponding box is checked and displays “ACTIVE”) and verify that the annunciator is illuminated.

  • Page 64: Mechanical Drawings

    Mechanical Drawings Mechanical Drawings This section contains mechanical drawings with dimensions and center of gravity required for the installation of the GDL 82. Figure 9-1 GDL 82 Dimensions and Center of Gravity 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5...

  • Page 65: Interconnect Drawings

    Interfaced equipment shown with aircraft frame ground designation is where the actual grounding method is unknown.  Grounding method may be either shield ground or frame ground depending on specific equipment terminations. 190-01810-00 GDL 82 TSO Installation Manual Rev. 5 Page 10-1...

  • Page 66: Figure 10-1 Typical Installation

    GDL 82 P821 AIRCRAFT POWER AVIONICS BUS AIRCRAFT GND AIRCRAFT GROUND 15 PIN DSUB CONNECTOR AND USB-B RECEPTACLE PART OF GDL 82 CONNECTOR KIT P/N 011-03945-00 USB TYPE B RECEPTACLE USB VBUS POWER VBUS USB DATA HI USB DATA LO...
  • Page 67 USB TYPE B RECEPTACLE PIGTAIL (P/N 011-01782-00) MUST BE WIRED DIRECTLY TO P821 TO MINIMIZE LIGHTNING EXPOSURE. LABEL AND PLACE IN ACCESSIBLE LOCATION. A GROUND WIRE BETWEEN THE GDL 82 AND THE GNS 400W/500W SERIES GPS SOURCE IS NOT NEEDED.

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