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WT3000 Manual, Vol 3/3 WT3000 Precision Power Analyzer Expansion Function IM 760301-51E 7th Edition...
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After reading the manual, keep it in a convenient location for quick reference whenever a question arises during operation. Three manuals, including this one, are provided as manuals for the WT3000. Please read all of them. Manual Title Manual No.
(IM760301-51E) must be observed during all phases of operation. If the instrument is used in a manner not specified in these manuals, the protection provided by the instrument may be impaired. Yokogawa Electric Corporation assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
Conventions Used in This Manual Safety Markings The following markings are used in this manual. Improper handling or use can lead to injury to the user or damage to the instrument. This symbol appears on the instrument to indicate that the user must refer to the user’s manual for special instructions.
Printing Screen Images on a Network Printer ..............5-12 Sending E-mail ....................... 5-16 Accessing the WT3000 from a PC or Workstation (FTP Server Function) ..... 5-19 Setting of the Time Difference from GMT or SNTP ............5-23 Checking the Ethernet Communication Function (Option) Availability and MAC Address ........................
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Contents Chapter 6 Delta Computation (Option) Delta Computation Function ..................... 6-1 Setting the Delta Computation ..................6-2 Determination of Delta Computation ................6-5 6.4 Delta Computation Specifications ..................6-6 Chapter 7 Harmonic Measurement in Normal Measurement Mode (Option) Harmonic Measurement Function ..................7-1 Setting the Measurement Mode and Displaying Numeric Data ........
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Contents Chapter 11 FFT (Option) 11.1 FFT Function ........................11-1 11.2 Various Settings Related to FFT ..................11-4 11.3 Setting the FFT Mode ......................11-5 11.4 Selecting the Power Spectrum to Be Displayed, Selecting the FFT Source, and Setting the Label ......................11-7 11.5 Setting the Number of Computed Points and Time Window .........11-10 11.6 Setting the Display Range of the X-Axis (Frequency) and the Scale Type of...
Furthermore, the active power and frequency that are measured by the WT3000 and the motor output can be used to compute the motor efficiency and the total efficiency.
Applying Signals of Rotating Speed and Torque CAUTION Applying a voltage exceeding the maximum allowable input to the revolution signal input connector (SPEED) or torque signal input connector (TORQUE) can damage the instrument. Revolution Signal Input Connector (SPEED) Input the signal output from the revolution sensor (a DC voltage (analog signal) or a pulse signal that is proportional to the rotating speed of the motor) according to the following specifications.
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1.2 Applying Signals of Rotating Speed and Torque Torque Signal Input Connector (TORQUE) Input the signal output from the torque meter (a DC voltage (analog or pulse signal) that is proportional to the torque of the motor) according to the following specifications. TORQUE 20V MAX •...
Selecting the Type of the Revolution and Torque Signals Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP...
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Press SET to confirm the signal type. Explanation • Selecting the Signal Type The signal applied from the revolution sensor or torque meter to the WT3000 can be selected from the following two types. • Analog Select this when the signal type is a DC voltage (analog signal).
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1.3 Selecting the Type of the Revolution and Torque Signals • Common Settings Not Dependent on the Signal Type • Motor’s number of poles and frequency measurement source (section 1.7) • Scaling factor and unit (section 1.8) IM 760301-51E...
Selecting the Analog Range Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER INTEG ELEMENT SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the...
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1.4 Selecting the Analog Range • When Measuring Using a Fixed Range (When Auto Range Is Set to OFF) Press the cursor keys to select Range under Speed. Press SET. An input range selection box appears. Press the cursor keys to select a value between 20 V to 1 V. Press SET to confirm the input range.
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1.4 Selecting the Analog Range Explanation • Selecting the Input Range of the Revolution and Torque Signals Two types of range settings are available: fixed and auto. • Fixed Range Select the input range from the following: 20 V, 10 V, 5 V, 2 V, or 1 V •...
Selecting the Line Filter and Synchronization Source Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM...
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1.5 Selecting the Line Filter and Synchronization Source Explanation • Selecting the Line Filter A line filter can be inserted into the circuits that measure the revolution signal and torque signal. It eliminates harmonic noise. The cutoff frequency can be selected from the list of choices below. OFF, 100 Hz, and 50 kHz Selecting OFF disables the filter.
Setting the Pulse Range, Pulse Count, and Pulse Rating Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP...
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1.6 Setting the Pulse Range, Pulse Count, and Pulse Rating • Setting the Pulse Input Range of the Torque Signal If the torque signal type is Pulse, set the upper and lower limits of the pulse input range. Press the cursor keys to select Pulse Range Upper under Torque. Press SET.
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1.6 Setting the Pulse Range, Pulse Count, and Pulse Rating • Setting the Pulse Rating of the Torque Signal Set the pulse rating of the torque sensor. • Setting the Positive Rating Press the cursor keys to select Pulse Rated Upper under Torque. Press SET.
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1.6 Setting the Pulse Range, Pulse Count, and Pulse Rating Explanation • Pulse Input Range Set an appropriate range that includes the maximum and minimum values of the input signal. For example, if you are measuring a signal whose rotating speed is between 120 rpms and 180 rpms and the torque is between –18 N·m to +18 N·m, set the pulse input range of the rotating speed to 100 rpms to 200 rpms and that of the torque to –20 N·m to +20 N·m.
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Output axis Pulse output Motor Load torque sensor Torque signal to the WT3000 Pulse signal corresponding to –20 N·m to +20 N·m Recorder WT3000 D/A output signal to the recorder 5 V for –20 N·m to +20 N·m Pulse input range and pulse rating...
Setting the Scaling Factor and Unit Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE U / I / P NUMERIC WAVE HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET...
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1.7 Setting the Scaling Factor and Unit • Setting the Unit of Rotating Speed Press the cursor keys to select Unit under Speed. Press SET. A keyboard appears. Use the keyboard to set the unit. For keyboard operations, see section 3.14 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E. •...
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1.7 Setting the Scaling Factor and Unit • Setting the Scaling Factor Used to Compute the Motor Output Press the cursor keys to select Scaling under Pm. Press SET. A scaling factor entry box appears. Press the cursor keys to set the scaling factor. Press SET or ESC to close the box.
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1.7 Setting the Scaling Factor and Unit Explanation • Setting the Scaling Factor Used to Transform the Revolution Signal Set the factor used to transform the revolution signal. Set the value in the range of 0.0001 to 99999.9999. • When the Revolution Signal Type is Analog By setting the number of rotations per volt of input voltage, the rotating speed is derived from the following equation.
Setting the Motor and Frequency Measurement Source for Computing the Sync Speed and Slip Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE FORM USER ITEM...
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1.8 Setting the Motor and Frequency Measurement Source for Computing the Sync Speed and Slip • Selecting the Frequency Measurement Source Signal (Voltage or Current Signal Supplied to the Motor) Press the cursor keys to select Sync Speed Source. Press SET. A frequency measurement source selection box appears. Press the cursor keys to select any of the target input signals for frequency measurement (see section 5.3 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E).
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1.8 Setting the Motor and Frequency Measurement Source for Computing the Sync Speed and Slip • Equation for Deriving the Slip –1 The unit of synchronous speed is fixed to min (or rpm). Therefore, to determine the slip, set the scaling coefficient of the rotating speed (see section 1.7) so that the unit of rotating speed s also min –1 (or rpm).
Efficiency From the active power that the WT3000 measures and the motor output determined in section 1.7, the WT3000 can compute the motor efficiency (the ratio of the motor output versus the power consumption by the motor) and total efficiency.
1.10 Specifications of the Motor Evaluation Function Input Signal Item Specifications Rotating signal and torque signal • For DC voltage (analog input) Item Specifications Connector type Isolated BNC connector Input range 1 V, 2 V, 5 V, 10 V, and 20 V Effective input range 0% to ±110% of the measurement range Input resistance...
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Torque (Torque pulse coefficient • pulse frequency + torque pulse offset) • scaling factor Torque pulse coefficient and torque pulse offset: Calculated in the WT3000 from the torque values [N·m] at two points corresponding to the upper and lower limits of frequency.
Chapter 2 Built-in Printer (Option) Names and Functions of Parts of the Built-in Printer Front Panel YOKOGAWA WT3000 PRECISION POWER ANALYZER MOTOR VERSION VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT SENSOR RATIO ELEMENT COMPEN MEASURING MEASURING MODE AUTO MODE AUTO...
Loading the Roll Paper and Feeding the Paper WARNING A roll paper cutter is attached to the printer unit cover. Be careful not to injure your hand or fingers on the cutter. • Do not insert your finger into the printer unit opening where the roll paper is fed out.
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2.2 Loading the Roll Paper and Feeding the Paper Hook your finger in the groove on the right side of the printer unit. Groove Hold the top, bottom, and right sections of the printer unit and pull the printer unit out until it stops (approximately 5 cm).
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2.2 Loading the Roll Paper and Feeding the Paper With approximately 10 cm of the paper unrolled, load the roll paper in the holder with the thermal-sensitive side facing up. Load the roll paper so that it fits into the guide.
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2.2 Loading the Roll Paper and Feeding the Paper Placing your thumb on the front panel (left of the lever) of the printer, push the printer unit in until it clicks in place. Push the printer unit in until it clicks in place.
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Explanation • Printer Roll Paper Use only the dedicated roll paper provided by YOKOGAWA. Do not use other types of roll paper. When using the printer for the first time, use the roll paper that is included in the package. Order extra rolls from your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.
Printing Screen Images on the Built-in Printer Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM...
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2.3 Printing Screen Images on the Built-in Printer • Setting Comments Press the Comment soft key. A keyboard appears. Use the keyboard to enter the comment. For keyboard operations, see section 3.14, “Entering Values and Strings” in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E •...
Printing Numeric Data Lists on the Built-in Printer Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM...
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2.4 Printing Numeric Data Lists on the Built-in Printer • Selecting the Numerical Data to Be Printed Press the List Item soft key to display the List Item dialog box. • Selecting the Items at Once Press the cursor keys to select All ON. Press SET.
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2.4 Printing Numeric Data Lists on the Built-in Printer • Printing or Not Printing (ON/OFF) the Header Information Press the Information soft key to select ON or OFF. • Executing the Print Operation Press PRINT to print the numeric data list. •...
Auto Print Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the SCALING...
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Auto Print ON is pressed, the PRINT key blinks, and the WT3000 enters the Ready state. When the reservation time for starting the printing is reached, the PRINT key illuminates (stops blinking), and the auto print is started.
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Press the Auto Print ON soft key. If Auto Print is turned ON while integration is not started, the PRINT key blinks, and the WT3000 enters the Ready state. When integration starts, the PRINT key illuminates (stops blinking), and the auto print is started.
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2.5 Auto Print Explanation When auto print is used, screen images and numeric data lists can be printed automatically on the built-in printer at the specified print interval. • Limitations on the Auto Print Function by Measurement Modes There are limitations on the setting and execution of auto print in measurement modes other than normal measurement mode.
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2.5 Auto Print • Setting the Print Interval Set the time interval for carrying out auto print in hour:minute:second. The selectable range varies depending on the data update rate as follows: • When the data update rate is less than 10 s: 00:00:10 to 99:59:59 •...
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2.5 Auto Print • Print Timing of the Print Timer Synchronized Auto Print • When the start time is before turning Auto Print ON Start time Auto Print ON Auto print OFF or end time PRINT key illuminated PRINT key turned OFF Print interval Print interval...
Built-in Printer Specifications Item Specifications Print system Thermal line dot system Dot density 8 dots/mm Paper width 112 mm Printing width 104 mm Auto print Set the print interval to automatically print the measured values. Set the start and end times. 2-18 IM 760301-51E...
D/A output: Outputs numeric data that has been converted to analog DC voltage. Remote control: Controls the WT3000 using an external signal between 0 to 5 V. Pin Arrangement and Signal Assignment of the D/A Output Connector The pin arrangement and assignments of the connector are as follows: Pin No.
Functional Description • D/A Output The numeric data measured on the WT3000 can be output as analog signals to other instruments. The analog signal is DC voltage of ±5 V FS. The numeric data of up to 20 items can be output.
Setting the D/A Output Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the...
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3.2 Setting the D/A Output Setting the D/A Output Items • Selecting the Target Channel Press the cursor keys to select a value between 1 and 20. • Selecting the Measurement Function Press the Function soft key. The measurement function selection box appears. Press the cursor keys to select any of the measurement functions starting with None.
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3.2 Setting the D/A Output Setting the Rated Time of Integrated D/A Output Press INTEG to display the Integ menu. Press the Integ Set soft key to display the Integ Set menu. Press the D/A Output Rated Time soft key to display the D/A Rated Time dialog box.
• There is a limitation on the numeric data that can be measured and delivered through D/A output in the measurement modes listed below. For details on the numeric data limitations, see appendix 11 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E. The WT3000 outputs 0 V where no numeric data exists.
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3.2 Setting the D/A Output • Changing the Harmonic Order of the Measurement Function of Harmonic Measurement When the measurement mode is set to normal measurement, waveform computation, or FFT, the measured order can be set to normal measured value (---) or from dc (0 order) up to 100 order.
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3.2 Setting the D/A Output Rated Time of Integrated D/A Output In the case of integrated values, the integrated value that is obtained while continuously applying a rated value (same value as the measurement range) for the specified time is taken to be 100%.
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3.2 Setting the D/A Output • Other Items D/A output Display value Output Approx. 7.5 V Approx. 7.0 V 140% Approx. 7.0 V 100% 5.0 V 5.0 V –100% –5.0 V –140% Approx. –7.0 V –140 –100 Display value [%] –5.0 V Approx.
Setting the D/A Zoom Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the...
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3.3 Setting the D/A Zoom Explanation • D/A Zoom The D/A output can be magnified or reduced for each channel in manual range mode by setting the D/A output range. For example, if a current varying in the range of 0.6 A to 0.8 A is measured at the 1-A range and the D/A output is set to fixed range mode, the D/A output voltage varies between 3.0 V and 4.0 V.
Note If the period of the EXT SINGLE signal does not meet the conditions of the figure above, the signal may not be recognized by the WT3000. • Printing on the Built-in Printer (Option) (Same Function as the PRINT Key) Apply the EXT PRINT signal as shown in the figure below.
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3.4 Remote Control • Remote Control Input/Output Circuit Input circuit Output circuit 10 kΩ 10 kΩ 100 Ω 0.01 μF 0.01 μF Low level: 0 to 1 V Low level: 0 to 1.5 V (8 mA) High level: 4 to 5 V High level: 2.8 to 5 V (–8 mA) Index 3-13...
D/A conversion resolution 16 bits Output voltage ±5 V FS (approx. ±7.5 V maximum) against each rated value. Update interval The same as the data update interval of the WT3000 Number of outputs 20 channels Output item for each channel specifiable. Accuracy ±(accuracy of each measurement function + 0.1% of FS) FS = 5 V...
• The RGB video signal is constantly output from the video signal output connector. • The monitor screen may flicker if the WT3000 or another instrument is brought close to the monitor. • The edge of the screen may drop out depending on the monitor type.
Use UTP (Unshielded Twisted-Pair) or STP (Shielded Twisted-Pair) cables of straight type and category 5 or better. • Do not connect the WT3000 and a PC directly without going through a hub. Operations are not guaranteed for communications using direct connection. IM 760301-51E...
MENU If you set the TCP/IP parameters for the first time or change the parameters, restart the WT3000 to apply the new settings. Press MISC to display the Misc menu. Press the Next 1/2 soft key to display the Next 2/2 menu.
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If the subnet mask is not required, proceed to “Entering the Default Gateway.” Press the cursor keys to select Net Mask. Enter all four octets of the subnet mask of the network to which the WT3000 belongs in the same fashion as the IP address.
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Press the cursor keys to select Domain Name. Press SET. A keyboard appears. Use the keyboard to enter the domain name of the network to which the WT3000 belongs. For keyboard operations, see section 3.14 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E.
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IP address can be retrieved. • When DHCP is turned ON, different settings may be assigned each time the power is turned ON. When accessing the WT3000 from a PC using the FTP server Index function (see section 5.6), you must check the WT3000 TCP/IP settings such as the IP address each time the power is turned ON.
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• IP Address (Internet Protocol Address) You can set the IP address assigned to the WT3000. The default setting is 0.0.0.0. • The IP address is an ID that is assigned to each device on an IP network such as the internet or an intranet.
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WT3000 to apply the new settings. Index • If the WT3000 is turned ON with the DHCP function enabled without an Ethernet cable connected, communications and file functions may not operate properly. In such case, turn DHCP OFF and restart the WT3000.
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Select Obtain an IP address automatically under the IP Address tab of the TCP/IP Properties dialog box. For example, if you are connecting a PC and the WT3000 to an independent Ethernet network, you can specify parameters as indicated in the next table. For details on the parameters, consult your system or network administrator.
Saving Setup, Waveform Display, Numeric, and Image Data to the FTP Server (FTP Client Function) Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM...
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5.3 Saving Setup, Waveform Display, Numeric, and Image Data to the FTP Server (FTP Client Function) • Specifying the Save Destination FTP Server Press the cursor keys to select FTP Server. Press SET. A keyboard appears. Use the keyboard to enter the IP address of the FTP server. If you are using DNS, you can specify the server by name.
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When the WT3000 is performing file operations (see chapter 9 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E). • When the WT3000 is being accessed by a PC or workstation on the network (FTP server function, see section 5.6). • To use the FTP client function, you must configure TCP/IP (see section 5.2) in advance.
Printing Screen Images on a Network Printer Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM...
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5.4 Printing Screen Images on a Network Printer • Specifying the Printer Server Press the cursor keys to select LPR Server. Press SET. A keyboard appears. Use the keyboard to enter the IP address of the printer server. If you are using DNS, you can specify the server by name.
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5.4 Printing Screen Images on a Network Printer • Selecting the Resolution (This procedure is applicable if you selected BJ in step 5.) Press the BJ Reso soft key to display the Resolution menu. Press any soft key from 180dpi to 360dpi to select the resolution •...
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5.4 Printing Screen Images on a Network Printer Explanation The LPR client function of the WT3000 can be used to output screen images to a network printer. • Printer Server • Specify the printer server by entering the IP address.
Sending E-mail Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the SCALING...
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5.5 Sending E-mail • Specifying the Mail Server Press the cursor keys to select Mail Server. Press SET. A keyboard appears. Use the keyboard to enter the IP address of the mail server. If you are using DNS, you can specify the server by name. For keyboard operations, see section 3.14 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E.
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Press the cursor keys to select Mail Test. Press SET. A test mail is sent to the destination. Explanation The condition of the WT3000 can be sent in e-mail messages at a certain interval to a specified mail destination. • Mail Server •...
Accessing the WT3000 from a PC or Workstation (FTP Server Function) Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER...
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Press the cursor keys to set the timeout value. Press SET or ESC to close the box. • Accessing the WT3000 Execute an FTP client on the PC or workstation. Access the WT3000 using the user name and password specified in the previous section. 5-20 IM 760301-51E...
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Press the Connect Log List soft key. The WT3000 access log is displayed. Explanation You can access the PC card in the WT3000 or USB memory (option) from a PC or workstation on the network. To access the WT3000, a FTP client is needed on the PC or workstation.
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• The FTP server function cannot be used under the following cases. • When the WT3000 is accessing a PC or workstation on the network (FTP client function, see section 5.3). • When the WT3000 is outputting to a network printer (LPR client function, see section 5.3).
Setting of the Time Difference from GMT or SNTP Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP...
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Press the cursor keys to set the timeout value in the range of 1 to 60 (s). Press SET to confirm. • Restarting the WT3000 If Exec at Power On is ON, restart the WT3000 to synchronize the time with the SNTP server. Explanation Set the time difference from GMT (Greenwich Mean Time).
• If No is displayed, the Ethernet communication function is not available. • MAC Address The MAC address is a unique address that is pre-assigned to the WT3000. The MAC address is displayed under Mac Address in the System Overview window.
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Setting the FTP Passive Mode and LPR/SMTP Timeout Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM...
• Setting the LPR Timeout Value The WT3000 closes the connection to the printer if there is no response from the printer for a certain period of time (timeout time) while it attempts to access the printer.
* The port number when FTP passive mode (see section 5.9) is turned OFF. If FTP passive mode is turned ON, the port number is arbitrary. If FTP passive mode is OFF, connection is established from the server. If you are connecting the WT3000 behind a firewall, turn FTP passive mode ON.
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Chapter 6 Delta Computation (Option) Delta Computation Function Functional Overview The sum or difference of the instantaneous values (sampled data) of the voltage or current between the elements in a wiring unit can be used to determine various types of data such as the differential voltage and phase voltage. This operation is called delta computation.
Setting the Delta Computation Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys” may be used. COMPEN This phrase refers to the MEASURING...
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6.2 Setting the Delta Computation Explanation In the normal measurement of U and I, the sum or difference of the instantaneous values (sampled data) of the voltage or current between the elements assigned to the target wiring unit for the delta computation can be used to determine the measurement functions, ∆U and ∆I. This operation is called delta computation. For the equations, see section 6.3.
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6.2 Setting the Delta Computation • Star>Delta Computes various data of a delta connection from the data of a star connection (star- delta transformation) using the data from a three-phase, four-wire system. ∆F1[UrsA] ∆F2[UstA] ∆F3[UtrA] ∆F4[InA] UrsA UtrA UstA • Delta>Star Computes various data of a star connection from the data of a delta connection (delta- star transformation) using the data from a three-voltage, three-current system.
Determination of Delta Computation Delta Computation Type, Sampled Data, and Measurement Function of Delta Computation The sampled data in the table are substituted in the equations of the voltage U and current I, and the computed result is determined. The synchronization source for the delta computation is the synchronization source (Sync Src) that is assigned to the first input element (smallest number) of the wiring unit on which delta computation is to be performed.
Delta Computation Specifications Item Specifications difference Differential voltage and differential current determined by computation 3P3W→3V3A Line voltage and phase current that are not measured but can be computed for a three-phase, three-wire system DELTA→STAR Line voltage and neutral line current that can be computed for a three- phase, three-wire (3V3A) system STAR→DELTA Neutral line voltage and neutral line current that can be computed for a three-...
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Harmonic Measurement Types Three types of harmonic measurement below can be performed when the advanced computation (/G6) option is installed in the WT3000. Switch the measurement mode according to your application. • Harmonic Measurement in Normal Measurement Mode Various functions such as integration, waveform display, trend display, and efficiency computation can be used simultaneously with the harmonic measurement.
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7.1 Harmonic Measurement Function Functional Limitations by Measurement Modes Wide bandwidth harmonic measurement mode and IEC harmonic measurement mode perform internal computation differently from other measurement modes in order to achieve the respective harmonic measurement functions. Therefore, some functions such as waveform or bar graph display on the screen, store function, motor evaluation function (motor version) cannot be used in these measurement modes.
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Element refers to a set of input terminals that can input a single phase of voltage and current to be measured. The WT3000 can contain up to four elements, which are numbered from 1 to 4. An element number is appended to the measurement function symbol for the measured data that the WT3000 displays, so that the correspondence between the numeric data and the element can be seen.
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7.1 Harmonic Measurement Function Types of Harmonic Measurement Functions The data (numeric data) of harmonic measurement functions is measured or computed from the sampled data described later in “Measurement Period.” * See the description of the sampled data in “Types of Measurement Functions during Normal Measurement”...
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7.1 Harmonic Measurement Function • Harmonic Measurement Function That Indicates the Phase Difference (φ) of the Voltage and Current between the Input Elements There are five harmonic measurement functions that express the phase difference (φ). φUi-Uj, φUi-Uk, φUi-Ii, φUi-Ij, and φUi-Ik (where i, j, and k are input element numbers) Explanation is given for the case when the number of installed input elements is 4, elements 1, 2, and 3 are assigned to wiring unit ΣA using a three-phase, four-wire system.
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The measurement period is the first 9000 points from the beginning of the data update interval at the harmonic sampling frequency. The sampling frequency for harmonic measurement is automatically determined in the WT3000 from the period of the signal set as the PLL source. The sampled data and measurement period on which computation is based may be different from those of the measurement functions of normal measurement.
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7.1 Harmonic Measurement Function • Dual List The data of two measurement functions is displayed in its own column. You can select the following measurement functions: U, I, P, S, Q, λ, φ, φU, φI, Z, Rs, Xs, Rp, and Xp. Measurement function 1 Measurement function 2 Numeric data of Relative harmonic content of each harmonic each harmonic order (Uhdf, Ihdf, and Phdf are displayed when the selected measurement function are U, I, and...
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7.1 Harmonic Measurement Function Bar Graph Display «For procedures, see section 7.7.» The amplitude of each harmonic can be displayed on the bar graph. The horizontal axis represents harmonic order, and the vertical axis represents the amplitude of each harmonic. The harmonic measurement functions, elements, and order to be displayed can be specified.
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O, the U1(1) phase relationship can be observed in the same fashion as the 3P3W system. φU1-U3 φU3-U1 (The WT3000 does not provide U1(1) φU1-U2 φ1(1), a function for moving the vectors.) φU1-I1 U3(1) φU1-I2...
Setting the Measurement Mode and Displaying Numeric Data Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys”...
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7.2 Setting the Measurement Mode and Displaying Numeric Data Explanation • Meaning of the Measurement Function Symbols For the meanings of the measurement function symbols that are displayed, see section 7.1, “Harmonic Measurement Function” or 7.11, “Harmonic Measurement Specifications.” Example harmonic voltage of element 2 U2(20) 20th order...
Setting the Number of Displayed Items, Page Scrolling the Display Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys”...
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7.3 Setting the Number of Displayed Items, Page Scrolling the Display • When Numeric Form (the Number of Displayed Items) Is Single List or Dual List Press ESC to clear the soft menu. Press the cursor keys (left and right keys) to move the cursor to the left, center, or right column of the screen.
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7.3 Setting the Number of Displayed Items, Page Scrolling the Display • Single List • When the display mode is Numeric, 42 numeric data values for a single measurement function are displayed in two columns. • When the display mode is not Numeric, 22 numeric data values for a single measurement function are displayed in two columns.
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7.3 Setting the Number of Displayed Items, Page Scrolling the Display • When ALL is selected The first page is constantly displayed in the upper half of the screen, and page 2 and subsequent pages are switched in the lower half. The first page is always displayed.
Changing the Displayed Items of Numeric Data Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys”...
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7.4 Changing the Displayed Items of Numeric Data • Changing the Measurement Function Press the U/I/P, S/Q/λ/φ, WP/q/Time, or FU/FI/η function select key to select the displayed measurement function. • When the display mode is set to Single List or Dual List, only the measurement functions that contain harmonic order data can be selected.
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7.4 Changing the Displayed Items of Numeric Data Selecting the Displayed Items from the Menu Press ITEM to display the Numeric menu. • Selecting the Item to Be Changed Press the Item No. soft key. Press the cursor keys to select the item to be changed. The item to be changed is highlighted.
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7.4 Changing the Displayed Items of Numeric Data Selecting the Harmonic Order on the ALL Display Press PAGE to display the harmonic order data page (page 6 or page 7). Press FORM to display the Numeric Form menu. Press the cursor keys to set the order. Resetting the Order of the Displayed Items Press ITEM to display the Numeric menu.
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7.4 Changing the Displayed Items of Numeric Data Explanation The following limitations on changing the displayed items exist depending on Item Amount (the number of displayed items). Number of Displayed Items Changing the Displayed Items 4 Items, 8 Items, 16 Items The displayed item cannot be changed independently.
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7.4 Changing the Displayed Items of Numeric Data • When Numeric Form (the Number of Displayed Items) Is Single List or Dual List Two types of lists are available for displaying the harmonic order data. When set to Single List, the data of List Item No. 1 is displayed using two columns. When set to Dual List, the data of List Item No.
Selecting the PLL Source Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE U / I / P NUMERIC WAVE HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the...
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7.5 Selecting the PLL Source Explanation For functional details, see section 7.1. Set the PLL (Phase Locked Loop) source that is used to determine the fundamental period, which acts as the reference in the analysis of the harmonic orders. • Displayed Position of the Selected PLL Source The selected PLL source is displayed in the upper right corner of the screen when HRM SET is pressed.
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Correct measured values may not be obtained immediately after the frequency of the PLL source changes or after changing the PLL source, because the PLL circuit inside the WT3000 redetects the frequency. • If you set the PLL source to Smp Clk in wide bandwidth harmonic measurement mode and change the measurement mode to normal measurement, the PLL source is set to Ext Clk.
Setting the Measured Order Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the...
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7.6 Setting the Measured Order Explanation The harmonic measurement range can be specified. The harmonic orders specified here are used to determine the numeric data of the distortion factor. For details on how to determine the distortion factor, see section 7.11. •...
Selecting the Distortion Factor Equation Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the...
Setting the Anti-Aliasing Filter Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the...
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5 kHz, which are irrelevant to the harmonic measurement. The WT3000 uses the line filter in normal measurement mode as an anti-aliasing filter in harmonic measurement.
Displaying the Bar Graph and Making Cursor Measurements Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys”...
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7.9 Displaying the Bar Graph and Making Cursor Measurements • Changing the Element Press the Element soft key to display the element selection box. Press the cursor keys to select any of the elements/wiring units starting with Element1. Press SET. The bar graph of the selected element number is displayed. •...
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7.9 Displaying the Bar Graph and Making Cursor Measurements • Performing Cursor Measurements Press SHIFT+MEASURE (CURSOR) to display the Cursor menu. • Turning ON/OFF Cursor Measurement Press the Bar Cursor soft key to select ON or OFF. If ON is selected, the result of the cursor measurement is displayed. •...
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7.9 Displaying the Bar Graph and Making Cursor Measurements Explanation A display example is shown below. The vertical axis is in logarithmic scale. The word <log Scale> appears at the top section of the screen. Range of orders of the <log Scale>...
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7.9 Displaying the Bar Graph and Making Cursor Measurements • Setting the Display Range of the Bar Graph • Set the display range of the bar graph using harmonic order. • The display range of bar graph 1 to bar graph 3 is the same. •...
7.10 Displaying Vectors Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys” may be used. COMPEN This phrase refers to the MEASURING...
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7.10 Displaying Vectors • Zooming in on the Vector Press the U Mag/I Mag soft key to set the cursor key target to U Mag, I Mag, or both U Mag and I Mag. • If U Mag is selected, you can zoom in on the vector of the fundamental wave U(1) of each element that is specified for harmonic measurement.
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φU3-U1 vectors after moving them, see “Vector U1(1) Display of Harmonics” in section 7.1, φ1(1), φU1-I1 U3(1) “Vector Display of Harmonics.” (The φU1-I2 WT3000 does not provide a function for φU1-U2 I3(1) moving the vectors.) φU1-I3 I3(1) U2(1) U2(1) φ3(1) •...
7.11 Harmonic Measurement Specifications Item Specifications Measured source All installed elements Format PLL synchronization method Frequency range Fundamental frequency of the PLL source is in the range of 10 Hz to 440 Hz (/G5 option). Fundamental frequency of the PLL source is in the range of 10 Hz to 2600 Hz (/G6 option). PLL source •...
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7.11 Harmonic Measurement Specifications Item Specifications Accuracy On models with the harmonic measurement (/G5) option • When the line filter (5.5 kHz) is ON Frequency Voltage and Current Power ±(reading error + measurement ±(reading error + measurement range error) range error) 10 Hz ≤ f < 30 Hz 0.25% of reading + 0.3% of range 0.5% of reading + 0.4% of range...
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7.11 Harmonic Measurement Specifications Item Specifications Accuracy On models with the advanced computation (/G6) option • When the line filter (5.5 kHz) is ON Frequency Voltage and Current Power ±(reading error + measurement ±(reading error + measurement range error) range error) 10 Hz ≤ f < 30 Hz 0.25% of reading + 0.3% of range 0.5% of reading + 0.4% of range...
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7.11 Harmonic Measurement Specifications Measurement Functions Determined for Each Input Element Item Symbol and Meaning Voltage (V) U(k): rms value of the harmonic voltage of order k U: Rms voltage (total value Current (A) I(k): rms value of the harmonic current of order k I: Rms current (total value Active power (W) P(k): Active power of the harmonic signal of order k...
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7.11 Harmonic Measurement Specifications Measurement Functions Indicating the Phase Difference of the Fundamental Voltage and Current between Elements These measurement functions express the phase difference of fundamental wave U(1) and I(1) of other elements with respect to the fundamental wave U(1) of the element with the smallest number of the input elements that are assigned to the wiring unit.
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7.11 Harmonic Measurement Specifications Determination of Measurement Functions during Harmonic Measurement (Table 1/3) Method of Determination, Equation Characters/Numbers inside the parentheses of Measurement Functions during measurement functions Harmonic Measurement Total {No ( )} (when k = 0) (when k = 1) (When k = 2 to max) U(k) = Voltage U( ) [V]...
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7.11 Harmonic Measurement Specifications (Table 2/3) Method of Determination, Equation Characters/Numbers inside the parentheses of measurement Measurement Functions functions are dc (when k = 0) and k (when k = 1 to max). during Harmonic Measurement When the numerator of the distortion When the numerator of the distortion factor equation is all (Total) factor equation is fundamental...
Chapter 8 Wide Bandwidth Harmonic Measurement (Option) Wide Bandwidth Harmonic Measurement Function Harmonic measurement up to 50 order can be performed on a signal with a 1-kHz fundamental frequency. Use this mode for harmonic measurement of signals whose fundamental frequency is higher than the commercial power supply frequency. By applying an external sampling clock, harmonics can be measured on low frequency signals with a fundamental frequency of 0.1 Hz.
Various Settings Related to Wide Bandwidth Harmonic Measurement Most of the operations of wide bandwidth harmonic measurement mode are common with the harmonic measurement of normal measurement mode. A setting specific to the wide bandwidth harmonic measurement is the ON/OFF setting of the timeout warning display of the PLL lock.
Selecting the Wide Bandwidth Harmonic Measurement Mode and Displaying Numeric Data Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys”...
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8.3 Selecting the Wide Bandwidth Harmonic Measurement Mode and Displaying Numeric Data • Enabling Wide Bandwidth Harmonic Measurement Mode If normal measurement mode is enabled, switch to wide bandwidth harmonic measurement mode. Press HRM SET to display the Harmonics menu. Press the Freq Band soft key to select Wide.
You can select whether to display a timeout warning of the PLL lock when the PLL circuit in the WT3000 cannot detect the PLL source frequency within the detection period. This function is valid only in wide bandwidth harmonic measurement mode.
Wide Bandwidth Harmonic Measurement Specifications Item Specifications Measured source All installed elements Format PLL synchronization method (when the PLL source is not set to Smp Clk) or external sampling clock method (when the PLL source is set to Smp Clk) Frequency range •...
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8.5 Wide Bandwidth Harmonic Measurement Specifications Item Specifications Accuracy • When the line filter (5.5 kHz) is ON Frequency Voltage and Current Power ±(reading error + measurement ±(reading error + measurement range error) range error) 0.1 Hz ≤ f < 10 Hz 0.25% of reading + 0.3% of range 0.5% of reading + 0.4% of range 10 Hz ≤ f < 30 Hz 0.25% of reading + 0.3% of range...
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8.5 Wide Bandwidth Harmonic Measurement Specifications Frequency Measurement Item Specifications Measurement range • PLL synchronization method: 2.5 Hz ≤ f ≤ 100 kHz • External sampling clock method: 0.15 Hz ≤ f ≤ 5 kHz Measurement Function Item Specifications Display update Depends on the PLL source • PLL synchronization method: 1 s or more • External sampling clock method: 20 s or more PLL Lock Timeout Warning Item Specifications...
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Note Do not release the remote mode of the WT3000 and change the settings while operating the WT3000 with the Harmonic/Flicker Measurement Software. Doing so may impede harmonic measurements conforming to the IEC standard. If you release the remote mode of the WT3000, close the Harmonic/Flicker Measurement Software.
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9.1 IEC Harmonic Measurement Function In IEC harmonic measurement, the WT3000 performs Fourier transform on the input signal and divides the signal into frequency components as follows: • Interharmonics If the input signal is 50 Hz, 10 periods of the waveform are divided in 5-Hz resolution.
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9.1 IEC Harmonic Measurement Function • Harmonic Subgroup A harmonic and its two directly adjacent interharmonics are collectively called harmonic subgroup. The computing method to combine the harmonic and its two adjacent interharmonics is not simple addition, but the square root of the sum of the square of each component.
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9.1 IEC Harmonic Measurement Function • Example of Grouping Type 2 For example, the 3rd order (150-Hz) harmonic component of the 50-Hz input signal is determined by averaging the sum of the squares of the following frequency components. • 1/2 of the 125-Hz component The other 1/2 is included in the 2nd order (100-Hz) component.
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Section 9.5 Note Do not release the remote mode of the WT3000 and change the settings while operating the WT3000 with the Harmonic/Flicker Measurement Software. Doing so may impede harmonic measurements conforming to the IEC standard. If you release the remote mode of the WT3000, close the Harmonic/Flicker Measurement Software.
Explanation If you use the Harmonic/Flicker Measurement Software, the WT3000 automatically switches to IEC harmonic measurement mode. The WT3000 cannot switch to IEC harmonic measurement mode in the following conditions. • When the master/slave synchronization measurement is set to slave.
Selecting the Measured Source Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the...
Selecting the Voltage/Current Grouping Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE U / I / P NUMERIC WAVE HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the...
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9.5 Selecting the Voltage/Current Grouping • Selecting the Current Grouping Press the I Grouping soft key to display the I Grouping menu. Press any of the soft keys from OFF, Type 1, and Type 2 to select the current grouping. Explanation •...
IEC Harmonic Measurement Specifications Item Specifications Measured source Select an input element or an Σ wiring unit Format PLL synchronization method Frequency range Fundamental frequency of the PLL source is in the range of 45 Hz to 66 Hz. PLL source • Select the voltage or current of each input element (external current sensor range is greater than or equal to 500 mV) or the external clock (fundamental frequency).
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9.6 IEC Harmonic Measurement Specifications Item Specifications Accuracy • When the line filter (5.5 kHz) is ON Frequency Voltage and Current Power ±(reading error + measurement ±(reading error + measurement range error) range error) 45 Hz ≤ f ≤ 66 Hz 0.2% of reading + 0.04% of range 0.4% of reading + 0.05% of range 66 Hz<f ≤ 440 Hz 0.5% of reading + 0.05% of range...
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9.6 IEC Harmonic Measurement Specifications Frequency Measurement Item Specifications Measurement range 45 Hz ≤ f ≤ 1 MHz Measurement Function Item Specifications Display update Depends on the PLL source (Approximately 200 ms when the frequency of the PLL source is 45 Hz to 66 Hz.) Functional Limitations Item Specifications Display...
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9.6 IEC Harmonic Measurement Specifications Determination of Measurement Functions Related to the IEC Harmonic Measurement Method of Determination, Equation Measurement Function When the frequency of When the frequency of the measured item is 50 Hz the measured item is 60 Hz Rms value of the harmonic subgroup of the voltage U(k+i)
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Chapter 10 Waveform Computation (Option) 10.1 Waveform Computation Function Waveforms obtained by adding/subtracting displayed waveforms or squared or averaged waveforms can be displayed. For example, this allows the waveform of instantaneous power to be displayed by multiplying the voltage waveform by the current waveform. In addition, a cursor can be placed on the waveform to display various data at that point.
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10.1 Waveform Computation Function • Equation Examples • Instantaneous Power Waveform To multiply the voltage waveform by the current waveform of input element 1 and display the instantaneous power waveform, set the equation to P1. • Voltage and Current Waveforms of a Three-Phase, Three-Wire System To display the voltage between the phases R and S and the current of phase T of a three-phase, three-wire system when there are only two input elements, set the equations as follows:...
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10.2 Various Settings Related to Waveform Computation A portion of the settings related to waveform computation is common with the “waveform display in normal measurement mode” and “FFT mode.” The settings described in sections 10.3 to 10.5 are those specific to waveform computation. Set these items first. •...
10.3 Setting the Waveform Computation Mode Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys” may be used. COMPEN This phrase refers to the MEASURING...
10.4 Setting the Waveform Equation Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys” may be used. COMPEN This phrase refers to the MEASURING...
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10.4 Setting the Waveform Equation • Setting the Computing Equation Press the cursor keys to select Expression of Math1 or Math2. Press SET to display the keyboard. Use the keyboard to set the equation. For keyboard operations, see section 3.14 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E. Display example when Expression of Math1 is selected •...
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10.4 Setting the Waveform Equation Explanation You can create two equations (Math1 and Math2). • Setting the Equation • Operand The following operands can be combined to create an equation. There can be up to 16 operands in an equation. Operand Description U1 to U4...
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10.4 Setting the Waveform Equation Note • If the result of the waveform computation is in error, the error data is plotted at the top edge of the screen. If this happens, the message “Math1 (Math2) Calc Error” is displayed on the screen.
10.5 Setting the Scale, Unit, and Label of the Computed Waveform Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys”...
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10.5 Setting the Scale, Unit, and Label of the Computed Waveform • Setting the Scaling of the Computed Waveform • Selecting Auto or Manual Scaling Press the cursor keys to select Scale of Math1 or Math2. Press SET to display the scaling selection box. Press the cursor keys to select Auto or Manual.
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10.5 Setting the Scale, Unit, and Label of the Computed Waveform • Setting the Unit of the Computed Waveform Press the cursor keys to select Unit of Math1 or Math2. Press SET to display the keyboard. Use the keyboard to set the unit. For keyboard operations, see section 3.14 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E.
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10.5 Setting the Scale, Unit, and Label of the Computed Waveform Explanation • Setting the Scale You can set the center value and the vertical zoom rate of the frame (scale/division) used to display the computed waveform. You can select the setup mode from below. •...
10.6 Waveform Computation Function Specifications Computation Function Item Specifications Computed source Voltage, current, and active power of each input element; torque (analog input) and speed (analog input) of motor input; and motor output Equation Two equations (MATH1 and MATH2) Operator +, –, , /, ABS (absolute value), SQR (square), SQRT (square root), LOG (natural logarithm), LOG10 (common logarithm), EXP (exponent), NEG (negation), AVG2, AVG4, AVG8, AVG16,...
Chapter 11 FFT (Option) 11.1 FFT Function This function allows the power spectrum of the input signal to be displayed through FFT (fast Fourier transform). This is useful when you wish to check the frequency distribution of the input signal. Waveform of current I1 Power spectrum waveform of current I1...
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11.1 FFT Function FFT Measurement Examples (Conceptual Diagrams) • Input signal: 52.2-Hz sine wave • Number of FFT points: 200 k (FFT measurement time: 1 s) • Left end of the graph: dc, right end: 100 Hz Rectangular Hanning Flattop Window Integral Power spectrum...
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: Real Part : Imaginaly Part • Differences between the Harmonic Measurement and FFT on the WT3000 In harmonic measurement, the source signal is sampled at a sample rate that is in sync with the PLL source, and component signals that are integer multiples of the fundamental wave are measured.
11.2 Various Settings Related to FFT A portion of the settings related to FFT is common with the “waveform display in normal measurement mode” and “FFT mode.” The settings described in sections 11.3 to 11.9 are those specific to the FFT. Set these items first. •...
11.3 Setting the FFT Mode Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys” may be used. COMPEN This phrase refers to the MEASURING...
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11.3 Setting the FFT Mode Explanation A display example is shown below. The vertical axis is in logarithmic scale. The words <log Scale> is displayed to the right of the upper limit of the power spectrum. Frequency at the left end of Frequency at the right end of the screen of the displayed the screen of the displayed...
11.4 Selecting the Power Spectrum to Be Displayed, Selecting the FFT Source, and Setting the Label Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys”...
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11.4 Selecting the Power Spectrum to Be Displayed, Selecting the FFT Source, and Setting the Label • Selecting the FFT Source Press the FFT1 Object or FFT2 Object soft key to display the FFT source selection box. Press the cursor keys to select the FFT source. Press the SET key to confirm.
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11.4 Selecting the Power Spectrum to Be Displayed, Selecting the FFT Source, and Setting the Label Explanation • Selecting the Power Spectrum to Be Displayed You can turn ON/OFF power spectrum 1 (FFT1) and power spectrum 2 (FFT2). • Selecting the FFT Source Select the source on which to take the FFT from below.
11.5 Setting the Number of Computed Points and Time Window Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys”...
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11.5 Setting the Number of Computed Points and Time Window • Selecting the Time Window Press the FFT Window soft key to display the FFT Window menu. Press the Rect, Hanning, or FlatTop soft key to select the time window. Explanation •...
11.6 Setting the Display Range of the X-Axis (Frequency) and the Scale Type of the Y-Axis (Signal Amplitude) Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the...
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11.6 Setting the Display Range of the X-Axis (Frequency) and the Scale Type of the Y-Axis (Signal Amplitude) • Selecting the Scale Type of the Y-Axis (Signal Amplitude) Press the Vertical Scale soft key to select Lin or Log. Explanation •...
11.7 Selecting the Display Type of the Power Spectrum Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys”...
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11.7 Selecting the Display Type of the Power Spectrum Explanation • Display Type of the Power Spectrum Select either of the two types below. • Line: The FFT data is connected with lines. The display is a line graph. • Bar: The FFT data is displayed on a bar graph. •...
11.8 Displaying the Power Spectrum on the Split Screen Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys”...
11.9 Cursor Measurement Procedure DISPLAY ITEM & ELEMENT REMOTE RESET UPDATE NUMERIC WAVE U / I / P HOLD LOCAL RATE Cursor keys WP/q/ OTHERS SINGLE TIME PAGE PAGE ITEM FORM USER ELEMENT INTEG SHIFT START STOP LOWER ITEM LOWER FORM USER SET To exit the menu during operation, press ESC located above the SCALING...
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11.9 Cursor Measurement • Turning ON/OFF Cursor Measurement Press the FFT Cursor soft key to select ON or OFF. If ON is selected, the result of the cursor measurement is displayed. • Selecting the Source FFT for Cursor Measurement • Selecting the Source FFT for Cursor + Press the FFT C1 Trace soft key to display the source FFT selection box.
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11.9 Cursor Measurement Explanation • ON/OFF Cursors can be placed on the displayed power spectrum waveform to measure and display the value at any point. It can be used to measure the data on the vertical axis (Y-axis) and horizontal axis (X-axis) of various sections of the power spectrum waveform.
11.10 FFT Function Specifications Computation Function Item Specifications Computed source Voltage, current, active power, and reactive power of each input element. Active power and reactive power of an Σ wiring unit. Torque and speed signals (analog input) of motor input (motor version). Type PS (power spectrum) Number of computations Two computations (FFT1 and FFT2) Maximum frequency of 100 kHz...
*2 The limits varied depending on the EUT. *3 The limits of threshold level is 3.3%. *4 Cannot be displayed on the WT3000 screen. The value can be displayed on the screen of the Harmonic/Flicker Measurement Software. • Measurement Method The following two voltage fluctuation and flicker measurement methods are available.
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10 and 11 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E. • Saving the Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement Data The voltage fluctuation and flicker measurement data cannot be saved on the WT3000. Use the Harmonic/Flicker Measurement Software and save the data on the PC.
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12.1 Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement Function Relationship between dc, dmax, and d(t) • For Ed1.1 Steady-state condition Threshold level dmax d(t) • For Ed2.0 Steady-state condition Previous steady-state dmax - condition Threshold level dmax + dmax d(t) dmax +: The difference between the minimum value and the value in the previous steady-state condition dmax –: The difference between the maximum value and the value in the previous steady-state condition...
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12.1 Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement Function Display Example of dc Relative voltage change Steady-state condition dc display Ed 1.1 Undef Undef dcC(dcC>dcD) Ed 2.0 t1: Observation period 01 t2: Observation period 02 Short-Term Flicker Value Pst The method using the flicker meter is standard in IEC 61000-3-3. For details on the flicker meter, see IEC 61000-4-15.
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12.1 Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement Function • Limitations on the Setting Changes and Execution of Operations in Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement Mode There are some functions whose settings cannot be changed in voltage fluctuation and flicker measurement mode as shown below. Setup Item Flicker Measurement Status Reset...
12.2 Setting the Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement Mode Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys”...
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If you use the Harmonic/Flicker Measurement Software, the WT3000 automatically switches to voltage fluctuation and flicker mode. • Limitations on Changing the Measurement Mode The WT3000 cannot switch to voltage fluctuation and flicker measurement mode in the following conditions. • When the master/slave synchronization measurement is set to slave.
12.3 Setting the Measurement Conditions Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys” may be used. COMPEN This phrase refers to the MEASURING...
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12.3 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Setting the Standard Edition Number Press the Flicker Settings soft key to display the Flicker Settings dialog box. Press the cursor keys to select Edition. Press SET to select Ed1.1 or Ed2.0. When the measurement When the measurement method is Flicker method is dmax...
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12.3 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Setting the Measurement Target Frequency Press the cursor keys to select Frequency. Press SET to select 50Hz or 60Hz. When the measurement When the measurement method is Flicker method is dmax If the measurement method is set to Flicker (normal flicker measurement), set the measurement target voltage, single observation period, measurement count, and steady- state range according to the procedure below.
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Judges the voltage fluctuation and flicker from dc, dmax, d(t), and Pst. • dmax (measurement of dmax caused by manual switching) You manually turn the EUT switch ON. The WT3000 measures the voltage fluctuation caused by the inrush current that flows when the power is turned ON, and judges the voltage fluctuation and flicker from the dmax average.
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12.3 Setting the Measurement Conditions If the measurement method is set to Flicker (normal flicker measurement), you must set the measurement target voltage (Ed2.0 only), single observation period, measurement count, and steady-state range. • Measurement Target Voltage (Ed2.0 Only) You can set the measurement target voltage to 230 V or 120 V. Set the measurement source voltage appropriately as the transfer function of the flicker meter and other parameters change accordingly.
12.4 Setting the Judgement Conditions Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys” may be used. COMPEN This phrase refers to the MEASURING...
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12.4 Setting the Judgement Conditions If you set the measurement method to Flicker (normal flicker measurement) in step 2 of section 12.3, proceed to step 3. If you set the measurement method to dmax (measurement of dmax caused by manual switching), proceed to step 9, and only set the judgement condition on maximum relative voltage change dmax (steps 9 to 14).
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12.4 Setting the Judgement Conditions • Setting the Limit on Period during Which Relative Voltage Change Exceeds the Threshold Level d(t) (Valid when ON (judge) is selected in step 16) Press the cursor keys to select the left Limit box (ms) by d(t). Press SET to display the entry box.
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12.4 Setting the Judgement Conditions • Setting Constant N of the Calculating Equation of Long-Term Flicker Value Plt Press the cursor keys to select N value by Plt. Press SET to display the entry box. Press the cursor keys to set the constant. Press SET or ESC to close the box.
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12.4 Setting the Judgement Conditions • Judgement Conditions for Short-Term Flicker Value Pst • Turning ON/OFF the Judgement of Short-Term Flicker Value Pst You can select whether to include short-term flicker value Pst in the flicker measurement judgement. • ON: Include Pst. •...
Set the measurement range, input filter, scaling, etc. (see chapter 4 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E). Apply the voltage of the power supply to be measured to the WT3000. • Initializing the Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement Press FORM to display the Flicker Form menu.
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12.5 Executing the Normal Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement • Aborting the Initialization Press the Reset soft key. An Alert dialog box appears. Press the cursor keys to select OK. Press SET to abort the initialization. The flicker measurement status indicates Reset.
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12.5 Executing the Normal Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement • Completing the Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement and Displaying the Judgement When the measurement of all observation periods is complete, the voltage fluctuation and flicker measurement automatically stops. The flicker measurement status indicates Complete.
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12.5 Executing the Normal Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement • Jumping to the Last or First Page (Only When the Measurement Count Exceeds 12) ( ) or SHIFT +PAGE ( ) . Press SHIFT+PAGE • Press SHIFT+PAGE ( ) to display the last page. •...
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12.5 Executing the Normal Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement Explanation • Display during Measurement The figure below is a display example of normal flicker measurement in progress. Element number whose measured data is displayed Flicker measurement status: Start Total elapsed measurement time Number of observation periods that have completed the measurement and bar graph Elapsed time in an observation period and...
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12.5 Executing the Normal Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement • Initializing the Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement • The initialization takes approximately 30 s. • Rms voltage Un and voltage frequency Freq are updated every 2 s while the initialization is in progress in the same manner as when the voltage fluctuation and flicker measurement is reset.
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12.5 Executing the Normal Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement • Flow Chart of the Normal Flicker Measurement (Transition Diagram of the Flicker Measurement Status] Change the measurement conditions (see section 12.3) Reset Change the judgement conditions (see section 12.4) Initialize the measurement [Initialize Exec] (see section 12.5) Cancel initialization [Reset] (see section 12.5)
Set the measurement range, input filter, scaling, etc. (see chapter 4 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E). Apply the voltage of the power supply to be measured to the WT3000. Leave the EUT turned OFF. • Initializing the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching Press FORM to display the Flicker Form menu.
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12.6 Executing the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching • Aborting the Initialization Press the Reset soft key. An Alert dialog box appears. Press the cursor keys to select OK. Press SET to abort the initialization. The flicker measurement status indicates Reset.
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12.6 Executing the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching • Releasing the Hold Operation Press HOLD while the display is held. The HOLD key turns OFF, and the display is updated. In the hold condition, the display can be updated to the most recent value by carrying out single measurements (by pressing SINGLE).
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12.6 Executing the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching • Completing the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching and Displaying the Judgement Check that the measurement of all observation periods (24) is complete, and that the dmax data of each observation period is displayed. Press the Judge soft key.
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12.6 Executing the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching • Resetting the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching Press the Reset soft key. An Alert dialog box appears. Press the cursor keys to select OK. Press SET. The measurement of dmax caused by manual switching is reset. The measured data and judgement up to that point are discarded.
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12.6 Executing the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching Explanation • Display during Measurement The figure below is a display example of the measurement of dmax caused by manual switching in progress. Element number whose measured data is displayed Flicker measurement status: Start Total elapsed measurement time Number of observation periods...
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12.6 Executing the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching • Initializing the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching • The initialization takes approximately 30 s. • Rms voltage Un and voltage frequency Freq are updated every 2 s while the initialization is in progress in the same manner as when the voltage fluctuation and flicker measurement is reset.
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12.6 Executing the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching • Flow Chart of the Measurement of dmax Caused by Manual Switching (Transition Diagram of the Flicker Measurement Status) Change the measurement conditions (see section 12.3) Reset Change the judgement conditions (see section 12.4) Initialize the measurement [Initialize Exec] (see section 12.6)
12.7 Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Measurement Specifications Normal Flicker Measurement Mode Item Specifications Measurement Items Relative steady-state voltage change (Measurement Functions) dmax Maximum relative voltage change d(t) The time during which the relative voltage change during a voltage fluctuation period exceeds the threshold level The maximum value within a observation period is displayed for the items above.
Chapter 13 Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement (Option) 13.1 Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Function Cycle-by-cycle measurement is a method by which the voltage, current, power, and other parameters are calculated for each cycle of the AC input signal with respect to the zero- crossing of the synchronization source signal. When the measurement of the specified frequency is complete, the measured values are listed in order by period.
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• Saving the Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Data To save the cycle-by-cycle measurement data on the WT3000, select Numeric for the item to be saved. For details, see section 9.3 in the User’s Manual IM760301-01E. 13-2...
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13.1 Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Function • Limitations on the Setting Changes and Execution of Operations in Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Mode There are some functions whose settings cannot be changed in cycle-by-cycle measurement mode as shown below. Setup Item Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Status Reset Start Complete Cycle-by-cycle measurement...
13.2 Setting the Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Mode Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys” may be used. COMPEN This phrase refers to the MEASURING...
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Freq Err Frequency error • Limitations on Changing the Measurement Mode The WT3000 cannot switch to cycle-by-cycle measurement mode in the following conditions. • When the master/slave synchronization measurement is set to slave. • When the integration function is started or stopped.
13.3 Setting the Measurement Conditions Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys” may be used. COMPEN This phrase refers to the MEASURING...
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13.3 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Setting the Synchronization Source Slope Press the Sync Slope soft key to select • Setting the Trigger Display the Trigger soft key to display the Trigger menu. • Selecting the Trigger Mode Press the Mode soft key to select Auto or Normal. •...
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13.3 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Setting the Measurement Cycle Count Press the Cycle Count key. Press the cursor keys to set the cycle count. • Setting the Measurement Timeout Value Press the Time Out soft key. Press the cursor keys to set the timeout value. •...
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For example, WT3000 measures the rms values for up to 3000 consecutive cycles from the first zero-crossing of the synchronization source signal after the measurement is started.
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13.3 Setting the Measurement Conditions Note • Set the synchronization signal to a signal with the same period as the source signal of cycle- by-cycle measurement. Selecting an input signal with little distortion for the PLL source allows stable cycle-by-cycle measurement. If the synchronization source waveform is distorted and the fundamental frequency cannot be measured, correct measurement results will not be obtained.
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13.3 Setting the Measurement Conditions • When Setting the Trigger Source to Ext Clk Apply a trigger signal to the external clock input connector (EXT CLK) on the rear panel according to the following specifications. EXT. CLK Item Specifications Connector type BNC connector Input level Minimum pulse width...
13.3 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Setting the Trigger Level Trigger level refers to a level at which the trigger slope passes. When the slope of the trigger source passes through the specified trigger level on a rising or falling edge, a trigger occurs.
13.4 Executing the Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Procedure To exit the menu during VOLTAGE RANGE CURRENT RANGE EXT SENSOR ELEMENT operation, press ESC located SENSOR RATIO above the soft keys. In the procedural explanation ELEMENT below, the phrase “press the cursor keys” may be used. COMPEN This phrase refers to the MEASURING...
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13.4 Executing the Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement • Aborting the Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Press the Reset soft key. An Alert dialog box appears. Press the cursor keys to select OK. Press SET. The cycle-by-cycle measurement is aborted. All the measured data up to that point are discarded. The cycle-by-cycle measurement status indicates Reset.
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13.4 Executing the Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement • Changing the Measurement Function Press the U/I/P, S/Q/λ/φ, or FU/FI/η function select key to select the displayed measurement function. Press the key corresponding to the measurement function you wish to display. • The display switches each time the U/I/P key is pressed as follows: U, I, P, and original display.
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13.4 Executing the Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement • Page Scrolling the Screen (Cursor Keys) Press ESC to clear the soft key menu at the right of the screen. Press the cursor keys (up and down keys) to move the highlight. • If you press the down cursor key when the highlight is at the bottom row, the next page is displayed.
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13.4 Executing the Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Explanation • Display When the Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Is Complete A display example is shown below. Hardware detection of peak over-range Cycle-by-cycle Indicated if any hardware peak over-range is measurement status detected during the measurement of all cycles Cycle by Cycle Synchronization source for measurement...
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13.4 Executing the Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement • Display Updating during the Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Even if you start the cycle-by-cycle measurement, [-------] (no data) is displayed until the measurement is completed. When the measurement is completed, the measured data is displayed. • Switching the Element for Displaying the Measurement Data •...
13.5 Cycle-by-Cycle Measurement Specifications Measurement Function Item Specifications Measurement items Freq Synchronization source frequency (Measurement functions) Voltage Rms current Active power Apparent power Reactive power λ Power factor Speed Torque Mechanical power Measurement cycle count 10 to 3000 Measurement timeout value 0, 1 to 3600 s (times out at approx.
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Index Symbols DNS server address ............. 5-7 Page domain name ............5-4, 5-6, 5-7 ΔMeasure ................6-2 domain suffix ................ 5-7 1/Fundamental..............7-27 dual list ................ 7-7, 7-13 1/Total ................. 7-27 16 Items ................7-12 Page 180dpi ................. 5-14 e-mail, sending of ............... 5-16 360dpi .................
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Index Ithd..................7-27 printer server ............. 5-13, 5-15 Pst ................12-4, 12-15 Pthd ..................7-27 Page pulse count ................. 1-13 jumping ................7-13 pulse input range ..............1-12 Pulse N ................1-13 Page Pulse Range .............. 1-12, 1-13 line filter ................1-10 Pulse Rated Lower .............
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Index TORQUE ................1-3 Torque................... 1-5 torque, scaling of ..............1-18 torque signal input connector ..........1-3 torque signal type ..............1-5 total efficiency ..............1-24 total harmonic distortion ............. 7-44 total value ................7-2 transmission, time of............5-17 transmission interval ............5-17 trigger level ...............
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