Yamaha 20D Owner's Manual
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Yamaha 20D Owner's Manual

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20D
25N
OWNER'S MANUAL
6L3-28199-7A-E0

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Summary of Contents for Yamaha 20D

  • Page 1 OWNER’S MANUAL 6L3-28199-7A-E0...
  • Page 2 EMU25051 Read this owner’s manual carefully before operating or working on your outboard motor. Keep this manual onboard in a waterproof bag when boating. This manual should stay with the outboard motor if it is sold.

  • Page 3: Important Manual Information

    Yamaha. If you have any question about the Some countries have laws or regulations re- operation or maintenance of your outboard stricting users from taking the product out of motor, please consult a Yamaha dealer.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    Table of contents General information ......1 Fuel tank cap........10 Air vent screw........10 Identification numbers record..1 Remote control ........ 10 Outboard motor serial number ..1 Remote control lever ....... 10 Key number........1 Neutral interlock trigger ....11 EC label...........
  • Page 5 Table of contents Engine ..........23 Greasing.......... 50 Operation after long period of Cleaning and adjusting spark storage.......... 23 plug ..........50 Filling fuel and engine oil....24 Checking fuel system ...... 51 Filling fuel for portable tank ..... 24 Inspecting fuel filter ......

  • Page 6: General Information

    Record your outboard motor serial number in the spaces provided to assist you in ordering spare parts from your Yamaha dealer or for reference in case your outboard motor is sto- len. 1. Key number...

  • Page 7: Important Labels

    General information when starting or during operation. Keep hands, hair, and clothes away from flywheel and other rotating parts while engine is running. EMU25431 Label EWM01300 WARNING This engine is equipped with a neutral ZMU01696 starting device. The engine will not start unless the shift EMU25382 Important labels control is in neutral position.

  • Page 8: Safety Information

    Safety information EMU33620 come entangled, preventing it from function- Safety information ing. Observe these precautions at all times. Do not route the cord where it is likely to be EMU33630 accidentally pulled out. If the cord is pulled Rotating parts during operation, the engine will shut off and Hands, feet, hair, jewelry, clothing, PFD you will lose most steering control.

  • Page 9: Boating Safety

    Have an approved personal flotation device tions. Overloading or incorrect weight (PFD) on board for every occupant. Yamaha distribution can compromise the boats han- recommends that you must wear a PFD dling and lead to an accident, capsizing or whenever boating.

  • Page 10: Weather

    Safety information EMU33790 Weather Stay informed about the weather. Check weather forecasts before boating. Avoid boating in hazardous weather. EMU33880 Passenger training Make sure at least one other passenger is trained to operate the boat in the event of an emergency.

  • Page 11: Basic Requirements

    Basic requirements EMU25540 EMU25580 Fueling instructions Gasoline EWM00010 Recommended gasoline: WARNING Regular unleaded gasoline with a min- GASOLINE AND ITS VAPORS ARE HIGH- imum octane rating of 90 (Research LY FLAMMABLE AND EXPLOSIVE! Octane Number). Do not smoke when refueling, and keep away from sparks, flames, or other If knocking or pinging occurs, use a different sources of ignition.

  • Page 12: Remote Control Requirements

    18 volts or continue using the outboard. Contact higher with the above models. Consult your your Yamaha dealer. Yamaha dealer for details on installing an EMU25692 optional Rectifier Regulator. Battery requirement EMU34190...

  • Page 13: Start-In-Gear Protection

    Basic requirements Your Yamaha dealer can help you select the 2. Propeller pitch in inches right propeller for your boating needs. Select 3. Type of propeller (propeller mark) a propeller that will allow the engine to reach EMU25760 the middle or upper half of the operating...

  • Page 14: Basic Components

    Basic components EMU2579B Main components NOTE: * May not be exactly as shown; also may not be included as standard equipment on all mod- els. 20D, 25N ZMU04829 1. Manual starter handle* 15. Anti-cavitation plate 2. Choke knob 16. Clamp bracket 3.

  • Page 15: Fuel Joint

    Basic components fuel tank, its function is as follows. EMU26180 Remote control EWM00020 The remote control lever actuates both the WARNING shifter and the throttle. The electrical switch- The fuel tank supplied with this engine is es are mounted on the remote control box. its dedicated fuel reservoir and must not be used as a fuel storage container.

  • Page 16: Neutral Interlock Trigger

    Basic components 2. Forward “ ” 3. Reverse “ ” 4. Shift 5. Fully closed 6. Throttle 7. Fully open EMU26201 Neutral interlock trigger To shift out of neutral, first pull the neutral in- terlock trigger up. 1. Fully open 2.

  • Page 17: Gear Shift Lever

    Basic components ZMU02846 ZMU02848 EMU25961 EMU25922 Throttle indicator Gear shift lever The fuel consumption curve on the throttle Pulling the gear shift lever towards you puts indicator shows the relative amount of fuel the engine in forward gear so that the boat consumed for each throttle position.

  • Page 18: Engine Shut-Off Switch

    Basic components there is too much resistance, it could be arm or leg while operating. difficult to move the remote control lever Do not attach the cord to clothing that or throttle grip, which could result in an could tear loose. Do not route the cord accident.

  • Page 19: Engine Stop Button

    Basic components EMU26001 Engine stop button To open the ignition circuit and stop the en- gine, push this button. EMU26090 Main switch The main switch controls the ignition system; ZMU03690 its operation is described below. “ ” (off) EMU26011 Choke knob for pull type With the main switch in the “...

  • Page 20: Trim Tab With Anode

    Basic components set according to operator preference. An ad- right (starboard side), turn the trim tab end to justing screw or bolt is located on the swivel the starboard side “B” in the figure. bracket. ECM00840 CAUTION: The trim tab also serves as an anode to protect the engine from electrochemical corrosion.

  • Page 21: Shallow Water Lever

    Basic components EMU26280 Shallow water lever Pushing this lever down will tilt the motor up partially to provide more clearance when op- erating in shallow water. ZMU03699 ECM00660 CAUTION: Do not use the tilt support lever or knob when trailering the boat. The outboard ZMU03694 motor could shake loose from the tilt sup- EMU30530...

  • Page 22: 2-Pin Connector

    Do not continue to operate the engine if a ECM01000 warning device has activated. Consult CAUTION: your Yamaha dealer if the problem can- Do not connect the 2-pin connector di- not be located and corrected. rectly to the battery terminals. Otherwise EMU26817 the electric system will be damaged.

  • Page 23: Oil Level Warning And Oil Filter

    Basic components If the oil level falls below the lower limit, the warning system will activate. Activation of warning device Engine speed will automatically decrease to about 2000 r/min. The oil level-warning indicator will light or blink. ZMU03706 The buzzer will sound (if equipped on the tiller handle, remote control box, or main switch panel).
  • Page 24 Basic components ZMU03707 1. Oil filter...

  • Page 25: Operation

    Operation EMU26902 Installation The information presented in this section is intended as reference only. It is not possible to provide complete instructions for every possible boat and motor combination. Prop- er mounting depends in part on experience and the specific boat and motor combination. EWM01590 WARNING ZMU01760...

  • Page 26: Clamping The Outboard Motor

    Test runs at different heights can help de- cable attachment and the other to a se- termine the optimum mounting height. cure mounting point on the boat. Other- Consult your Yamaha dealer or boat man- wise the engine could be completely lost...

  • Page 27: Breaking In Engine

    EMU27060 Gasoline and engine oil mixing chart using the bolts provided with the out- (50:1) board (if packed). For details, consult your Yamaha dealer. EWM00650 WARNING Avoid using bolts, nuts or washers other than those contained in the engine pack- aging.

  • Page 28: Pre-Operation Checks

    Operation ing boat, accelerate at full throttle onto Check fuel line connections to be sure they plane, then immediately reduce the are tight (if equipped Yamaha fuel tank or throttle to 3000 r/min or less. boat tank). Next two hours:...

  • Page 29: Filling Fuel And Engine Oil

    Do not add gasoline into the oil tank. Fire ZMU03710 or explosion could result. ECM01260 This engine uses the Yamaha oil injection CAUTION: system, which provides superior lubrication Be sure to take the above steps when op- by ensuring the proper oil ratio for all operat- erating the engine after a long period of ing conditions.
  • Page 30 Operation Remove the top cowling. Open the oil tank filler cap by pulling the tab. Slowly fill the engine oil into the engine oil tank. ZMU03711 1. Engine oil tank 2. Oil tank filler cap After filling, replace the cap securely.

  • Page 31: Oil Level Indicator Operation

    Operation EMU27321 Oil level indicator operation The various functions of the oil level system are as follows: EMU27333 Oil level-warning indicator Engine oil tank Remarks more than 200 cm No refilling necessary. (0.21 US qt, 0.181 Imp qt) Buzzer sounds in remote control box and engine speed is limited to about 2000...

  • Page 32: Starting Engine

    Operation ZMU03712 1. Arrow EMU27491 Starting engine EWM01600 WARNING Before starting the engine, make sure that the boat is tightly moored and that you can steer clear of any obstructions. Be sure there are no swimmers in the wa- ZMU02024 ter near you.
  • Page 33 Operation or leg. Then install the clip on the other Pull out / turn the choke knob fully. After end of the cord into the engine shut-off the engine starts, replace / return the switch. knob to the home position. EWM00121 WARNING Attach the engine shut-off cord to a se-...
  • Page 34 Operation cure place on your clothing, or your arm or leg. Then install the clip on the other end of the cord into the engine shut-off switch. EWM00121 WARNING Attach the engine shut-off cord to a se- cure place on your clothing, or your arm or leg while operating.
  • Page 35 Operation ZMU03200 ZMU03008 After the engine starts, slowly return the NOTE: manual starter handle to its original po- As a starting point, lift the lever just until sition before releasing it. you feel resistance, then lift slightly more. NOTE: The neutral throttle lever can only be used when the remote control lever is in neutral.
  • Page 36 Operation the engine from starting except when in neu- tral. Attach the engine shut-off cord to a se- cure place on your clothing, or your arm or leg. Then install the clip on the other end of the cord into the engine shut-off switch.

  • Page 37: Warming Up Engine

    ZMU03753 hole is blocked. Consult your Yamaha Immediately after the engine starts, re- dealer if the problem cannot be located lease the main switch and allow it to re- and corrected.

  • Page 38: Shifting

    Operation EMU34560 Shifting EWM00180 WARNING Before shifting, make sure there are no swimmers or obstacles in the water near you. ECM01610 CAUTION: ZMU03719 Warm up the engine before shifting into gear. Until the engine is warm, the idle speed may be higher than normal. High idle speed can prevent you from shifting back to neutral.

  • Page 39: Stopping Boat

    Operation ZMU03724 EMU31742 Stopping boat EWM01510 WARNING Do not use the reverse function to slow down or stop the boat as it could cause you to lose control, be ejected, or im- pact the steering wheel or other parts of the boat.

  • Page 40: Trimming Outboard Motor

    Operation ZMU02041 ZMU03690 Remove the key if the boat will be left unattended. NOTE: The engine can also be stopped by pulling the cord and removing the clip from the en- gine shut-off switch, then turning the main switch to “ ”...

  • Page 41: Adjusting Trim Angle For Manual Tilt Models

    Operation ZMU02909 1. Trim rod Reposition the rod in the desired hole. To raise the bow (“trim-out”), move the rod away from the transom. To lower the bow (“trim-in”), move the rod to- ward the transom. Make test runs with the trim set to different angles to find the position that works best for ZMU02858 your boat and operating conditions.

  • Page 42: Tilting Up And Down

    Operation the boat is up about 3 to 5 degrees. With the and making it hard to increase speed. Oper- bow up, the boat may have a greater tenden- ating with excessive trim-in at higher speeds cy to steer to one side or the other. Compen- also makes the boat unstable.

  • Page 43: Procedure For Tilting Up (Manual Tilt Models)

    Operation the engine will be tilted for more than a few minutes. Otherwise fuel may leak. ECM00241 CAUTION: Before tilting the outboard motor, stop the engine by following the procedure on page 34. Never tilt the outboard mo- tor while the engine is running. Severe damage from overheating can result.

  • Page 44: Cruising In Shallow Water

    Operation cident and personal injury. Return the outboard motor to its normal position as soon as the boat is back in deeper water. ECM00260 CAUTION: Do not tilt the outboard motor up so that the cooling water inlet on the lower unit is above the surface of the water when set- ZMU03731 ting up for and cruising in shallow water.

  • Page 45: Cruising In Other Conditions

    NOTE: Cruising in muddy or turbid water This outboard motor has 2 positions for shal- Yamaha strongly recommends that you use low water cruising. the optional chromium-plated water pump kit To return the outboard motor to the nor-...
  • Page 46 Operation use the outboard motor in water with a lot of sediment in it, such as muddy or other turbid (cloudy) water. Cruising in acidic water Water in some areas can be acidic. After op- erating in such water, flush the cooling pas- sages with fresh water to prevent corrosion.

  • Page 47: Maintenance

    Maintenance EMU31480 HP@5500 r/min) Specifications 20DWO 14.7 kW@5500 r/min (20 NOTE: HP@5500 r/min) 25NMHO 18.4 kW@5500 r/min (25 “(AL)” stated in the specification data below HP@5500 r/min) represents the numerical value for the alumi- Idling speed (in neutral): num propeller installed. 750 ±50 r/min Likewise, “(SUS)”...

  • Page 48: Transporting And Storing Outboard Motor

    98.0 dB(A) sition using a motor support device such as Vibration on tiller handle (ICOMIA 38/94): a transom saver bar. Consult your Yamaha Vibration on tiller handle is under 2.5 dealer for further details.

  • Page 49: Clamp Screw Mounting Models

    Remove the engine top cowling and si- Storing outboard motor lencer cover. Remove the propeller. When storing your Yamaha outboard motor Install the outboard motor on the test for prolonged periods of time (2 months or tank. Fill the tank with fresh water to...

  • Page 50: Lubrication (Oil Injection Models)

    Seal replacement should be per- Run the engine at a fast idle for a few formed by an authorized Yamaha dealer minutes in neutral position. prior to use. Just prior to turning off the engine, quick- Grease all grease fittings.

  • Page 51: Battery Care

    Maintenance Yamaha dealer for information about fogging manufacturers. Therefore the following pro- oil and procedures for your engine. cedures may not always apply. Consult your battery manufacturer’s instructions. EMU28431 Procedure Battery care Disconnect and remove the battery from EWM00330 the boat. Always disconnect the black...

  • Page 52: Periodic Maintenance

    Be sure to turn off the engine when you perform maintenance unless otherwise specified. If you are not familiar with ma- chine servicing, this work should be done by your Yamaha dealer or other qualified mechanic. EMU28511 Replacement parts If replacement parts are necessary, use only genuine Yamaha parts or parts of equivalent design and quality.

  • Page 53: Maintenance Chart

    When operating in salt water, turbid or muddy water, the engine should be flushed with clean water after each use. The “ ” symbol indicates the check-ups which you may carry out yourself. The “ ” symbol indicates work to be carried out by your Yamaha dealer. Initial Every 50 hours Item...
  • Page 54 Maintenance Initial Every 50 hours Item Actions 10 hours hours (6 hours (1 (1 month) months) months) year) Cleaning / adjustment / Spark plug(s) replacement...

  • Page 55: Greasing

    Maintenance EMU28941 Greasing Yamaha grease A (water resistant grease) Yamaha grease D (corrosion resistant grease; for propeller shaft) 20D, 25N ZMU03734 damaged insulator could allow external EMU28953 Cleaning and adjusting spark plug sparks, which could lead to explosion or EWM00560...

  • Page 56: Checking Fuel System

    Instead, take the outboard motor to a When fitting the plug, always clean the gas- Yamaha dealer. You should periodically re- ket surface and use a new gasket. Wipe off move and inspect the spark plug because...

  • Page 57: Inspecting Fuel Filter

    Check the fuel lines for leaks, crack, or mal- which could result in a fire or explosion function. If a problem is found, your Yamaha hazard. dealer or other qualified mechanic should re- EMU29001 pair it immediately.

  • Page 58: Inspecting Idling Speed

    If you have difficulty ver- 1. Filter cup ifying the idle speed, or the idle speed re- 2. Filter element quires adjustment, consult a Yamaha dealer 3. Filter housing or other qualified mechanic. 4. O-ring Verify whether the idle speed is set to Reinstall the filter element in the cup.

  • Page 59: Exhaust Leakage

    Maintenance curely. turning. ZMU03737 ZMU02876 EMU29120 Exhaust leakage Start the engine and check that no exhaust leaks from the joints between the exhaust cover, cylinder head, and body cylinder. EMU29130 Water leakage Start the engine and check that no water leaks from the joints between the exhaust cover, cylinder head, and body cylinder.

  • Page 60: Removing Propeller

    Maintenance age. Apply Yamaha marine grease or a cor- rosion resistant grease to the propeller EMU30661 Removing propeller shaft. EMU29195 Install the spacer (if equipped), thrust Spline models washer, and propeller on the propeller Straighten the cotter pin and pull it out shaft.

  • Page 61: Cleaning Fuel Tank

    If you have any question about properly into the gear case which can cause gear doing this procedure, consult your damage. Consult a Yamaha dealer for re- Yamaha dealer. pair of the lower unit seals. Keep away from sparks, cigarettes,...

  • Page 62: Inspecting And Replacing Anode(S)

    Inspect ground leads attached to external cal regulations. anodes on equipped models. Consult a Empty the fuel tank into an approved Yamaha dealer for inspection and replace- container. ment of internal anodes attached to the pow- Pour a small amount of suitable solvent er unit.

  • Page 63: Connecting The Battery

    ECM00360 charge the battery when it is low. CAUTION: NOTE: A poorly maintained battery will quickly Consult a Yamaha dealer when charging or deteriorate. re-charging batteries. Ordinary tap water contains minerals harmful to a battery, and should not be EMU29332 used for topping up.

  • Page 64: Disconnecting The Battery

    A loose or im- properly fitting cover could allow water into the engine. Check the fitting of the top cowling by push- ing it with both hands. If it is loose have it re- paired by your Yamaha dealer.

  • Page 65: Trouble Recovery

    Therefore some items may not apply to your model. Q. Has fuel pump malfunctioned? If your outboard motor requires repair, bring A. Have serviced by a Yamaha dealer. it to your Yamaha dealer. If the engine trouble-warning indicator is Q. Are spark plug(s) fouled or of incorrect flashing, consult your Yamaha dealer.
  • Page 66 Q. Is fuel contaminated or stale? A. Fill tank with clean, fresh fuel. Q. Is carburetor clogged? A. Have serviced by a Yamaha dealer. Q. Is fuel filter clogged? A. Clean or replace filter. Q. Is fuel joint connection incorrect? A.
  • Page 67 Q. Is fuel system obstructed? Q. Is water pump or thermostat faulty? A. Check for pinched or kinked fuel line or A. Have serviced by a Yamaha dealer. other obstructions in fuel system. Q. Is there excess water in fuel filter cup? Q.

  • Page 68: Temporary Action In Emergency

    EWM00630 Q. Is steering pivot loose or damaged? WARNING A. Tighten or have serviced by a Yamaha Be sure to use the specified fuse. An in- dealer. correct fuse or a piece of wire could allow EMU29433 excessive current flow.

  • Page 69: Starter Will Not Operate

    An unguarded, rotating flywheel is very NOTE: dangerous. Keep loose clothing and Consult your Yamaha dealer if the new fuse other objects away when starting the immediately blows again. engine. Use the emergency starter rope only as instructed. Do not touch the fly-...
  • Page 70 Trouble Recovery ZMU03740 ZMU02334 1. Start-in-gear protection cable Remove the starter/flywheel cover after ON START removing the bolt(s). ZMU01906 If equipped the choke knob, pull out it when the engine is cold. After the engine starts, gradually return the choke knob ZMU03741 to its home position as the engine warms Prepare the engine for starting.

  • Page 71: Treatment Of Submerged Motor

    Treatment of submerged motor the carburetor(s) and spark plug holes If the outboard motor is submerged, immedi- while cranking with the manual starter or ately take it to a Yamaha dealer. Otherwise emergency starter rope. some corrosion may begin almost immedi- ately.
  • Page 72 YAMAHA MOTOR CO., LTD. Printed in Japan April 2007–0.2 × 1 ! Printed on recycled paper...

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