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Canopy™ T1/E1
Multiplexer

User Guide

T1E1Mux-UG-en
Issue 1
June 2004

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Table of Contents
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Summary of Contents for Motorola Canopy T1

  • Page 1: User Guide

      Canopy™ T1/E1 Multiplexer User Guide T1E1Mux-UG-en Issue 1 June 2004...
  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    1.3.1 Bit Handling Capability................... 17 1.3.2 License Keys....................17 1.3.3 Power Adapters ..................... 17 Product Labels ..................17 Functional Description of the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer ......18 1.5.1 Channel Modes....................18 1.5.2 Encoding ......................18 1.5.3 Signaling ......................20 1.5.4 Timing ......................
  • Page 3 Using EMS Software to Configure the Unit ........... 31 2.3.3 Accessing the CLI using a PC + HyperTerminal ........... 32 2.3.4 Configuring the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer using the CLI......32 2.3.5 Creating a Login Account ................33 Configuration Procedures Using the CLI..........34 2.4.1...
  • Page 4 References ....................69 LIST OF FIGURES  Figure 1: Examples of admonitions..................8 Figure 2: Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer with Canopy BHs ............. 10 Figure 3: Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer rear panel ..............11 Figure 4: Rear panel with standard 110-v source power supply ........12 Figure 5: Standard adapters for global use...............
  • Page 5 Figure 22: Canopy T1/E1 Mux Alarms window ..............52 Figure 23: EMS reset confirmation box................53 Figure 24: Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer in T1/E1 Loopback mode........54 Figure 25: T1/E1 Port Upgrade window ................56 Figure 26: Key accepted window ..................57 Figure 27: Invalid key entry window ..................
  • Page 6   LIST OF PROCEDURES  Procedure 1: Affixing the Multiplexer to a rack mount............27 Procedure 2: Connecting cables to T1/E1 unit..............29 Procedure 3: Connecting the AC adapter (+3.3 v DC power source) ....... 29 Procedure 4: Connecting the −48 v DC power source............29 Procedure 5: Installing Software from the CD-ROM ............
  • Page 7: Understanding The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer

    1.1.1 Using the Latest Information  When Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexers are shipped, the latest issue of this document is included on CD-ROM with the shipment. However, the latest issue at any time is available on the Canopy web site: http://www.motorola.com/canopy, posted among the user guides that support other Canopy products.
  • Page 8: Figure 1: Examples Of Admonitions

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  NOTE: The time displayed at the top of this page is static unless your browser is set to automatically refresh. RECOMMENDATION:  Vary the days and times when you analyze the spectrum in an area. The RF environment can change throughout the day or throughout the week.
  • Page 9: Getting Additional Help

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Table 2: Admonition types Admonition Label General Message informative content that may ◦ defy common or cursory logic. ◦ describe a peculiarity of the Canopy implementation. ◦...
  • Page 10: Introduction To Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer

    The T1/E1 Multiplexer converts the data stream from T1/E1 ports into Ethernet packets that are then transported over the Canopy BH link. This device can be used to extend T1/E1 services. You can configure the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer to operate as either a T1 or an E1 device.
  • Page 11: Ethernet Interface

    RJ-45 connector pin-outs for the Ethernet cable from the BH to the Canopy port of the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer are illustrated in Figure 13 on Page 28. 1.2.2 Standards  The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer conforms to the following standards: ◦ G.703 ◦ TR-AT&TG2411 ◦...
  • Page 12: Figure 4: Rear Panel With Standard 110-V Source Power Supply

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Figure 4: Rear panel with standard 110-v source power supply Figure 5: Standard adapters for global use Figure 6: Rear panel with optional −48 v power supply adapter for battery backup  ...
  • Page 13: Front Panel

    CONTROL on the front panel of the T1/E1 Multiplexer. (See Figure 1.2.5 Front Panel  The control port and indicator LEDs are located on the front panel of the unit. Figure 7: Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer front panel      13 of 69  Issue 1 Page...
  • Page 14: Features

                T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Status LEDS The status indicator LEDS on the front of the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer are listed in Table Table 3: LED status indicator descriptions LED indicator descriptions ON when main power supply is OK; OFF when a malfunction is detected ON when self-test is successfully completed;...
  • Page 15: Specifications

    1.52” (3.86 cm) high x 5.57" (14.15 cm) wide and 7.50" (19.05 cm) deep Weight 1.5 pounds (680 grams) Technical Specifications The following tables list the technical specifications for the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer. Table 5: T1 port specifications Specification Description Ports...
  • Page 16: Table 6: T1 Framing Specifications

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Table 6: T1 framing specifications Specification Description Compliance ANSI T1.403 Framing D4, ESF (transparent) Signaling CAS (Robbed bit signaling); CCS (transparent) Table 7: E1 port specifications Specification Description Ports...
  • Page 17: Configuration Settings From Canopy Factory

                        T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  CONFIGURATION SETTINGS FROM CANOPY FACTORY  1.3.1 Bit Handling Capability  As shipped, Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexers transparently pass all T1 or E1 bits regardless of ◦ user framing as − − Extended Superframe (ESF) ◦ user encoding as − − B8ZS −...
  • Page 18: Functional Description Of The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer

    Channel Modes  T-1 Channel Mode While in T1 mode, the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer operates as a DSX-1 interface in a DSU channel mode. There are no user options to change this mode. The DSU channel mode can operate within five line lengths, each providing compensation for the length of the T1 line.
  • Page 19 ◦ HDB3 The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer fulfills the role of a transparent T1/E1 extender. As such, it is compatible with either AMI, B8ZS, or HDB3 coding of signals. The endpoints determine which of the zero suppression techniques will be applied to the signal. The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer must be set to match the zero suppression settings at the endpoints of the signal.
  • Page 20: Signaling

    4 or more zeros. The “violation” bit has the same polarity as the last 1- bit which was sent using AMI encoding. The receiver removes all “violation” bits. You may select the coding for the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer using either the T1/E1 EMS or the CLI manager.
  • Page 21: Table 10: Frequency Off-Set By Clock Type

    T1 clocks from the Class 5 COs or through an internal clock that is running at Stratum 4. The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer does not have an internal clock. Therefore, it must be set to synchronize to an incoming T1/E1 clock source. Each network node’s (PBX, Channel Bank, Router) clock is based on the best available clock source for it.
  • Page 22: Figure 8: Master And Secondary Clock Settings (Top View)

    Receive clock on the T1/E1. Recovered mode: the T1/E1 Transmit clock (transmit from the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer) is derived from the far-end device’s transmit clock (the far end Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer Receive clock). In this mode, a buffer is used to accommodate bursts of Ethernet traffic.
  • Page 23: Figure 9: Master Timing Set To Loopback Mode

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Figure 9: Master timing set to Loopback mode Figure 9: Master timing set to Loopback mode Recovered Timing Mode Recovered Timing Mode Recovered Timing Mode takes the incoming Ethernet bit stream from the BH link and Recovered Timing Mode takes the incoming Ethernet bit stream from the BH link and derives the clock signal from the incoming bit stream for the outgoing Receive clock (PBX derives the clock signal from the incoming bit stream for the outgoing Receive clock (PBX...
  • Page 24: Ethernet Throughput

    When a Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer is inserted between two T1 devices, the clocking should be configured in the same manner as it would be without the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer. For example, when the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer is inserted between the two PBXs, the one PBX will remain as the master clock source and the other PBX will remain as the slave clock source.
  • Page 25: Vlan Support

    1.5.8 Alarms  The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer supports the Alarm Indication Signal (AIS). It is sent under 2 conditions: a loss of incoming T1/E1 signal (in which case AIS is sent out to the far end and the same for the other end losing T1/E1 signal) and a loss of BH link (in which case the AIS is sent in both directions).
  • Page 26: Installing And Configuring Your Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexers

    2.1.4 Power Supply Unit  WARNING!  Substitution of the power supply may impair intrinsic safety. The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer must be used with Model Number TR10R033 manufactured by Cincon Electronics Co., Ltd.   INSTALLATION PROCEDURES  2.2.1 Package Contents   ...
  • Page 27: Preparing For Installation And Setup

    Multiplexer and the Ethernet switch. Multiplexer and the Ethernet switch. To connect the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer to a PBX, a T1/E1 crossover cable is likely To connect the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer to a PBX, a T1/E1 crossover cable is likely required.
  • Page 28: Connecting The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  2.2.4 Connecting  the Canopy T1/E1 M ultiplexer  Table 12: T1/E1 port connector pin-out signation Direction unction RD(R) Input Rece ive data (rin RD(T) Input Receive data (tip) FGND TD(R) Output...
  • Page 29: Connecting Power To The Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer

    Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer. This means, that the T1/E1 cable connected to the T1/E1 Port 1 on one of the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexers, must also be connected T1/E1 Port 1 on one of the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexers, must also be connected to Port 1 on the other.
  • Page 30: Initial Configuration Procedures

    2.3.1 Installing Software from the CD‐ROM  Procedure 5: Installing Software from the CD-ROM Follow these steps to install the software that is provided by Motorola Canopy on the CD- ROM onto your PC. 1. Load software onto your PC. The T1/E1 Multiplexer EMS Graphical User Interface is provided by Canopy on a CD-ROM that is shipped with the unit.
  • Page 31: Using Ems Software To Configure The Unit

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  2.3.2 Using EMS Software to Configure the Unit  An intuitive graphic unit interface (GUI) provides a user-friendly graphical display that allows easy-to-follow steps to configure the unit. Fault isolation, statistics and events gathering are available.
  • Page 32: Accessing The Cli Using A Pc + Hyperterminal

    NOTE: The device is only accessible through the serial port. 2.3.4 Configuring the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer using the CLI  Before you use the CLI to configure the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer, you must configure the PC serial port. Procedure 6: Configuring serial port Use this procedure to access the CLI using a terminal emulation program such as ®...
  • Page 33: Creating A Login Account

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Figure 17: Command Line Interface window 2.3.5 Creating a Login Account  The system is shipped with default setting for the Administrator account. The account is active, but it is recommended you change the password for this account.  ...
  • Page 34: Configuration Procedures Using The Cli

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  NOTE: The default administrator account username is admin. The default administrator account password is 123. You cannot change the username. However, you can change the password at any time.
  • Page 35: Select Line Type T1 Or E1

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  2.4.3 Select Line Type T1 or E1  Select Line Type T1 or E1  Procedure 8: Selecting line type T1 or E1 using the CLI Procedure 8: Selecting line type T1 or E1 using the CLI Follow this procedure to select the appropriate line type using the CLI manager.
  • Page 36: Select Line Coding

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  2.4.4 Select Line Coding  Procedure 9: Configuring line coding using the CLI Follow this procedure to select the appropriate line code using the CLI manager. Action Steps Log in...
  • Page 37: Procedure 11: Configuring The T1 Ports Using The Cli

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Action Steps Set LAN-side Ethernet Enter set lan port auto negotiation [on/off] auto-negotiation where on enables auto negotiation at 100 Mbps Full Duplex (as default). off forces the port to 100 Mbps Full Duplex without auto negotiation.
  • Page 38 Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Action Steps Set T1 line code NOTE: If the line code does not match the incoming T1 settings, then Bipolar Violations (BPVs) will occur. The default code is B8ZS. Enter set line [1/2/3/4] code [B8ZS/AMI] where [1/2/3/4] represents T1 ports 1 through 4.
  • Page 39: Procedure 12: Configuring The E1 Ports Using The Cli

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Action Steps Set backup clock NOTE: This is the optional backup clock reference for all four T1/E1 lines. reference line The backup clock reference becomes active only when the master clock reference line is unavailable.
  • Page 40 Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Action Steps Set E1 line code NOTE: If the line code does not match the incoming E1 settings, then Bipolar Violations (BPVs) will occur. The default code is HDB3. Enter set line [1/2/3/4] code [HDB3/AMI] where [1/2/3/4] represents E1 ports 1 through 4.
  • Page 41: Configure Timing

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Action Steps Set backup clock NOTE: This is the backup clock reference for all four T1/E1 lines. The reference line backup clock reference becomes active only when the master clock reference line is unavailable.
  • Page 42 Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Action Steps Set backup clock NOTE: This is the optional backup clock reference for all four T1/E1 lines. The reference line backup clock reference becomes active only when the master clock reference line is unavailable.
  • Page 43: Configuration Procedures Using The Ems

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  CONFIGURATION PROCEDURES USING THE EMS  2.5.1 Logging into the System  Procedure 14: Logging in using the EMS If you are using the EMS to access the system, follow the steps below to log in: 1.
  • Page 44: Figure 19: T1/E1 Multiplexer Ems Main Menu

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Figure 19: T1/E1 Multiplexer EMS main menu end of procedure NOTE: You can access CLI commands by selecting File→Command Line Terminal from the EMS Main menu.  ...
  • Page 45: Changing The Administrator Password

        T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  2.5.2 Changing the Administrator Password   There is only one account for the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer—the administrator account. The username may not be changed, however the password may be changed at any time. Figure 20: Change Password dialogue box Procedure 15: Changing Administrator password using the EMS Use this procedure to change the password from the EMS.
  • Page 46: Select Line Type T1 Or E1

    2.5.3 Select Line Type T1 or E1  Procedure 16: Selecting line type T1 or E1 using the EMS Follow these steps to configure line coding for the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer from the EMS. NOTE: Selecting either T1 or E1 will configure all 4 channels. 1. From main menu EMS, select the Configuration (Config) option.
  • Page 47: Configure Ports

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Procedure 18: Configuring E1 line coding using the EMS Follow these steps to configure line coding from the EMS. 1. From main menu EMS, select the Configuration (Config) option. 2.
  • Page 48: Procedure 21: Configuring The E1 Ports Using The Ems

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  4. Click ↓ for Coding. 5. Select the coding technique for the channel. NOTE: For T1, you must select either B8ZS or AMI. 6.
  • Page 49: Configure Timing

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  10. Click on the radio button to indicate whether the clock source is loopback mode or recovered mode. NOTE: The clock source applies to all four channels. Loopback mode loops the Tx clock back to the Rx.
  • Page 50: 3 Managing Your Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexers

    The CONTROL port in the front panel (shown in Figure 7 on Page 13) provides the capability to remotely manage the Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer. To do so requires an Ethernet to RS-232 converter. An example of such a converter is available at http://www.precidia.com/products/product1.html.
  • Page 51: T1/E1 Alarms

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  T1/E1 ALARMS  Each T1/E1 channel has alarms for line code violation (BPV), receive loss of signal (LOS), and alarm indication signal (AIS) detection. Follow these steps to display the alarms using the CLI. Procedure 23: Displaying the alarms using the CLI Action Steps...
  • Page 52: Figure 22: Canopy T1/E1 Mux Alarms Window

    T1/E1 Multiplexer EMS exists. The filename is apt1AlarmsLog.txt. The log file can be written only when the T1/E1 Multiplexer EMS is running. Figure 22: Canopy T1/E1 Mux Alarms window    ...
  • Page 53: System Reset

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  SYSTEM RESET   Follow the steps below to reset the system from the CLI. Procedure 25: Resetting the system using the CLI Action Steps Log in Press Enter.
  • Page 54: T1/E1 Loopback

    Invoking a T1/E1 Loopback will drop voice calls and disrupt user traffic Invoking a T1/E1 Loopback will drop voice calls and disrupt user traffic flow. flow.     Figure 24: Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer in T1/E1 Loopback mode      54 of 69    Issue 1 Page...
  • Page 55: Invoking A T1/E1 Loopback Using The Cli

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  3.4.1 Invoking a T1/E1 Loopback using the CLI   Follow the steps below to invoke a T1/E1 Loopback from the CLI. Procedure 27: Invoking a T1/E1 loopback using the CLI Action Steps Log in...
  • Page 56: Measurements From Diagnostics

    Canopy distributor. Procedure 29: Installing a license key to enable an additional port To install a license key on a Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer, perform the following steps. 1. From the main menu of the EMS, select Config→T1/E1 Port Upgrade.
  • Page 57: Figure 26: Key Accepted Window

    Figure 27: Invalid key entry window NOTE: At any later date, you can confirm the number of enabled ports as follows. 4. From the main menu, select Config→Canopy T1/E1 Mux. RESULT: The Canopy T1/E1 Mux Configuration window opens, as shown in Figure  ...
  • Page 58: Terms Of Warranty

    Motorola agree as follows: Grant of License. Subject to the following terms and conditions, Motorola, Inc., grants to you a personal, revocable, non-assignable, non-transferable, non-exclusive and limited license to use on a single piece of equipment only one copy of the software contained on this disk (which may have been pre-loaded on the equipment)(Software).
  • Page 59 Software or accompanying written materials, regardless of the basis of the claim and even if Motorola or a Motorola representative has been advised of the possibility of such damage. Motorola's liability to you for direct damages for any cause whatsoever, regardless of the basis of the form of the action, will be limited to the price paid for the Software that caused the damages.
  • Page 60: Hardware Warranty In U.s

    3.7.2 Hardware Warranty in U.S.  Motorola U.S. offers a warranty covering a period of one year from the date of purchase by the customer. If a product is found defective during the warranty period, Motorola will repair or replace the product with the same or a similar model, which may be a reconditioned unit, without charge for parts or labor.
  • Page 61: Obtaining Technical Support

                T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  IN NO EVENT SHALL MOTOROLA BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANY OTHER PARTY FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY OR OTHER DAMAGE ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS,...
  • Page 62: Invoking Your Warranty Rights

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  INVOKING YOUR WARRANTY RIGHTS  For warranty assistance, contact your reseller or distributor for the process.      62 of 69  Issue 1 Page...
  • Page 63: Canopy T1/E1 Multiplexer Reference Information

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  4 CANOPY T1/E1 MULTIPLEXER REFERENCE  INFORMATION  CLI COMMANDS TO GET STATUS INFORMATION  Desired Action Syntax, Response, and Description Get Canopy-side Enter get canopy port auto negotiation Ethernet auto- negotiation The system responds Canopy port auto-negotiation is: [on/off] Gets the auto-negotiation mode for the Canopy BH Ethernet port.
  • Page 64 Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Desired Action Syntax, Response, and Description Get T1 line length Enter get line [1/2/3/4] length where [1/2/3/4] represents T1 ports 1 through 4. The system responds Line [1/2/3/4] length [0-133 / 0.6 dB;...
  • Page 65 Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  Desired Action Syntax, Response, and Description Get the timing mode Enter get clock source The system responds Clock source set to [loopback/recovered] Gets the T1 timing mode. This timing mode applies for all four T1 lines. Loopback mode means to take the T1 Tx clock and loop it back to the T1 Rx.
  • Page 66 Line [1/2/3/4] loopback is: [on/off] Displays the loopback status of a T1/E1 line. Get Firmware Enter get firmware revision Revision The system responds Firmware revision is: x.y.z Gets the revision (version number) of the Canopy T1/E1 firmware.      66 of 69  Issue 1 Page...
  • Page 67: Regulatory Compliance Information

    Enter get fpga revision The system responds FPGA revision is: x.y.z Get the revision (version number) of the Canopy T1/E1 FPGA. The FPGA controls the T1 parameters. REGULATORY COMPLIANCE INFORMATION  This section contains information regarding regulatory compliance with the Federal Communication Commission, Department of Communications and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute applies to the Canopy BH radio link.
  • Page 68: Department Of Communications - Canada

    MOTOROLA, the stylized M Logo and all other trademarks indicated as such herein are trademarks of Motorola, Inc. ® Reg. U.S. Pat & Tm. Office. Canopy is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
  • Page 69: References

    Canopy  T1/E1 Multiplexer                        June 2004                          T1/E1 Multiplexer Release 3.1  REFERENCES  This document refers to the following documents: ◦ American National Standards Institute. ANSI T1.101-1999 – Telecommunication Synchronization Interface Standards. ◦ American National Standards Institute. ANSI T1.105.09-1996 – Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Network Element Timing and Synchronization.

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