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Sybase Adaptive Server Configuration Manual

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Configuration Guide
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Adaptive Server
Enterprise
15.0
[ UNIX ]

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  • Page 1 Configuration Guide ® Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.0 [ UNIX ]...
  • Page 2 Copyright © 1987-2007 by Sybase, Inc. All rights reserved. This publication pertains to Sybase software and to any subsequent release until otherwise indicated in new editions or technical notes. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. The software described herein is furnished under a license agreement, and it may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of that agreement.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    About Adaptive Server ..............1 System-specific issues ..............2 System user roles ................3 Environment variables..............3 Adaptive Server devices and system databases......5 The master device ..............5 The sybsystemdb device ............6 The sysprocsdev device ............6 Optional devices and databases ..........6 dsync option on by default for database device files ....
  • Page 4 A sample C shell maintenance script ..........45 CHAPTER 4 Adaptive Server Default Configuration........47 Default settings ................47 CHAPTER 5 Setting Up Communications Across the Network ...... 49 How Adaptive Server determines which directory service entry to use Adaptive Server Enterprise...
  • Page 5 Using the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol as a Directory Service..................69 Overview ..................69 LDAP directory services versus the Sybase interfaces file .... 70 The libtcl*.cfg file ................73 Enabling LDAP directory services ..........74 Adding a server to the directory services ........76 Multiple directory services..............
  • Page 6 Adaptive Server error logging ............105 Enabling and disabling error logging ........106 Setting error log paths..............106 Setting the Adaptive Server error log path ......106 Managing messages ..............107 Logging user-defined messages ........... 107 Logging auditing events ............108 CHAPTER 9 Managing Adaptive Server Databases........

  • Page 7: About This Book

    Before configuring Adaptive Server according to the instructions in Note this book, you should have a newly installed or upgraded Adaptive Server on your system. If you do not, follow the installation and upgrade instructions in the installation documentation for your platform.
  • Page 8 A more recent version of the release bulletin may be available on the World Wide Web. To check for critical product or document information that was added after the release of the product CD, use the Sybase Technical Library. •...
  • Page 9 • Glossary – defines technical terms used in the Adaptive Server documentation. • Java in Adaptive Server Enterprise – describes how to install and use Java classes as data types, functions, and stored procedures in the Adaptive Server database. •...
  • Page 10 This manual also contains descriptions of the sample pubs2 pubs3 databases. • Using Adaptive Server Distributed Transaction Management Features – explains how to configure, use, and troubleshoot Adaptive Server DTM features in distributed transaction processing environments. Adaptive Server Enterprise...
  • Page 11 XML in the database, and documents the query and mapping functions that comprise XML Services. Other sources of Use the Sybase Getting Started CD, the SyBooks CD, and the Sybase Product information Manuals Web site to learn more about your product: •...
  • Page 12 • The Sybase Product Manuals Web site is an online version of the SyBooks CD that you can access using a standard Web browser. In addition to product manuals, you will find links to EBFs/Maintenance, Technical Documents, Case Management, Solved Cases, newsgroups, and the Sybase Developer Network.
  • Page 13 EBF/Maintenance releases because you are not registered as a Technical Support Contact. If you have not registered, but have valid information provided by your Sybase representative or through your support contract, click Edit Roles to add the “Technical Support Contact”...
  • Page 14 In syntax statements, keywords (commands) are in normal font and identifiers are in lowercase. Italic font shows user-supplied words. • Examples showing the use of Transact-SQL commands are printed like this: select * from publishers Adaptive Server Enterprise...
  • Page 15 Adaptive Server’s sensitivity to the case of database objects, such as table names, depends on the sort order installed on Adaptive Server. You can change case sensitivity for single-byte character sets by reconfiguring the Adaptive Server sort order. For more information, see the System Administration Guide.
  • Page 16 Section 508 and W3C standards. If you need help Each Sybase installation that has purchased a support contract has one or more designated people who are authorized to contact Sybase Technical Support. If you cannot resolve a problem using the manuals or online help, please have the designated person contact Sybase Technical Support or the Sybase subsidiary in your area.

  • Page 17: Chapter 1 Introduction

    Note installed and running. For information about installing and starting Adaptive Server, as well as for an overview of Adaptive Server, see the Adaptive Server Installation Guide for your platform. This chapter provides an overview of how to configure Adaptive Server and the steps you need to take to customize it for your use.

  • Page 18: System-Specific Issues

    Adaptive Server to run operating-system and user-defined commands. System-specific issues Adaptive Server runs on a variety of hardware and operating system platforms. System-specific issues do not affect the basic functionality of Adaptive Server, but there are differences among platform implementations. These differences may include: •...

  • Page 19: System User Roles

    At installation time, the System Administrator’s login name is “sa”. The “sa” login is not a UNIX login. The “sa” login is specific to Adaptive Server and is used to log in to Adaptive Server using the command.
  • Page 20 • DSQUERY – defines the Adaptive Server name that client programs attempt to connect to if no Adaptive Server is specified with a command line option. If DSQUERY is not set, and you do not supply the Adaptive Server name with a command line option, clients attempt to connect to SYBASE.

  • Page 21: Adaptive Server Devices And System Databases

    Adaptive Server. The master device The master device contains the following databases: • – controls the operation of Adaptive Server as a whole and stores master information about all users, user databases, devices, objects, and system table entries. The...

  • Page 22: The Sybsystemdb Device

    3 at installation, but should be moved to a user-defined device after installation. For recovery purposes, Sybase recommends that you do not create Note other system or user databases or user objects on the master device. The sybsystemdb device...
  • Page 23 The auditing system records system security information in an Adaptive Server audit trail. You can use this audit trail to monitor the use of Adaptive Server or system resources. For instructions on configuring Adaptive Server for auditing, see Chapter 10, “Adding Optional Functionality to Adaptive Server.”...

  • Page 24: Dsync Option On By Default For Database Device Files

    Job Scheduler, see Job Scheduler sybmgmtdb User’s Guide. dsync option on by default for database device files option ensures Adaptive Server can recover data from devices on the dsync file systems. By default, Adaptive Server enables for file system devices.

  • Page 25: Determining The Location, Type, And Size Of A Database Device

    CIFS-mounted devices with Network Appliance Filers for storing data. Network appliance filers provide the same performance and data integrity as raw devices. There are no changes needed to the operating system or to Sybase Adaptive Server to use network appliance filers.
  • Page 26 Sybase installation software. Doing so destroys all existing files on that partition. • A raw partition designated for use by Sybase cannot be mounted for use by the operating system for any other purpose, such as for file systems or swap space.

  • Page 27: Client/Server Communication

    • In an LDAP server After your Adaptive Server or client software is installed, it can connect with any server on the network that is listed in the directory services. When you are using a client program, and you want to connect with a particular server, the client program looks up the server name in the directory services and connects to that server, as shown in Figure 1-1.

  • Page 28: Changing Adaptive Server Configuration

    For information about configuring languages, character sets, and sort orders, see Chapter 7, “Customizing Localization for Adaptive Server.” For information about configuring Adaptive Server to use high availability features, see Using Sybase Failover in a High Availability Environment. For information about configuring Adaptive Server for distributed transaction management (two-phase commit), see the Using Adaptive Server Distributed Transaction Management Features.

  • Page 29: Languages Other Than U.s. English

    For more information about languages, character sets, and sort orders, see the Installation Guide for your platform. For more information on srvbuild, see the Utility Guide. Adaptive Server specifications Database specifications Databases per Adaptive A maximum of 32,767...
  • Page 30 Adaptive Server specifications Maximum number of users 2146484223 per database Maximum number of 1032193 groups per database Table specifications User objects per database – 255 Indexes per table 250 (one clustered index) Rows per table Limited by available Maximum 2...
  • Page 31 Maximum number of parameters 2048 per stored procedure Adaptive Server extended-limit capabilities vary by type of table and the database logical page size. Table 1-2 lists the column and row limits for allpages-locked (APL) tables. Table 1-2: Allpages-locked (APL) tables...
  • Page 32 Adaptive Server specifications Databases 2K page 4K page 8K page 16K page database 12MB 24MB model database 12MB 24MB tempdb database 12MB 24MB sybsystemdb Larger logical page sizes can contain more data. Table 1-5 lists the maximum data for each logical page size.

  • Page 33: Chapter 2 Starting And Stopping Servers

    Starting XP Server after initial installation Stopping servers Overview The methods described in this chapter are used to start Adaptive Server, Backup Server, and Monitor Server after a shutdown for database maintenance, because of an operating system crash, or for other reasons.

  • Page 34: Starting Servers

    The installation program creates the interfaces file and system environment variables when you install servers on your computer. Starting servers You can start Adaptive Server, Backup Server, or Monitor Server from the command line by using RUN_server_name files and commands.

  • Page 35: Using A Run_Server_Name File

    For a description of start-up parameters for Monitor Server and Historical Server, see the Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor documentation. Using a RUN_server_name file Each time a new Adaptive Server, Backup Server, or Monitor Server is created, program creates a RUN_server_name file that contains the srvbuild information required to restart that server.

  • Page 36: Using The Startserver Command

    UNIX operating system starts. This is accomplished by making an entry for the server in the operating system start- up script. Monitor Server must be listed after Adaptive Server in the start-up script. For more information on starting Monitor Server at operating system restart, see the Monitor Server User’s Guide.

  • Page 37: For Hp-Ux

    UNIX operating system restarts. To have Adaptive Server restart automatically, place the command in the /etc/inittab file. startserver Here is a suggested format for an Adaptive Server start-up command to add to /etc/inittab: "sybase:2:wait:/release_directory/install/startserver -f \ RUN_servername /dev/console 2>&1"...

  • Page 38: For Sun Solaris And Linux

    Backup Server RUN_server_name file in this command. For Sun Solaris and Linux Before you set Adaptive Server or Backup Server to start automatically, make sure that all network resources are available. Your server does not start if the network is not running. Be sure that the entry for restarting the server follows any commands in the rc directory for starting network operations.
  • Page 39 CHAPTER 2 Starting and Stopping Servers ln /etc/init.d/script_name /etc/rc#.d/S##script_name For Linux: to create symbolic links from the script name to the appropriate ln -s run control (rc) directory, rc# where # is the run level. Use syntax like the following: ln -s /etc/init.d/script_name /etc/rc#.d/S##script_name When you type the command to create this link, add an uppercase “S”...

  • Page 40: Starting Xp Server After Initial Installation

    Adaptive Server. If you install XP Server in a different build session than the Adaptive Server installation, you are prompted during the XP Server installation process to supply the name of the related Adaptive Server and the System Administrator’s name and password.

  • Page 41: Stopping Backup Server

    Server SHUTDOWN by request.The SQL Server is terminating this process. CT-LIBRARY error: This is normal behavior. If the message indicates that Adaptive Server is waiting for processes to complete, and you must stop Adaptive Server immediately, you can use which neither waist for...

  • Page 42: Stopping Monitor Server

    Stopping servers This is normal behavior. If a message indicates that Adaptive Server or Backup Server is waiting for processes to complete, and you must stop Adaptive Server or Backup Server immediately, use , which neither waits shutdown with nowait for currently executing statements to finish, nor performs checkpoints in every database.

  • Page 43: Shutdown And Shared Memory Files

    Adaptive Server kills all engines for that server. If more than one Adaptive Server is running on the same system, be careful that the engine you kill is associated with the correct Adaptive Server. If your Adaptive Server is configured to use multiple engines (CPUs), each engine has an associated operating system process.
  • Page 44 Stopping servers If Adaptive Server is configured with a memory size that is greater than the MAXSHMSEGSIZE parameter in the operating system then Adaptive Server may create additional shared memory segments and for every additional shared memory segment that it creates, an additional file with SERVER_NAME.srg[N] (where N ranges from 0 –...

  • Page 45: Chapter 3 Configuring The Operating System

    Setting environment variables As part of the installation, the installer creates SYBASE.sh and Note SYBASE.csh files in $SYBASE directory for user to source to setup all the environment variables. It is crucial to the operation of Sybase products that the system environment variables be set correctly.

  • Page 46: Configuring New Servers With Srvbuild

    Configuring new servers with srvbuild You may want to verify that the Adaptive Server environment variables in Table 3-1 are set correctly. To check the current value of environment variables, enter the following command at the operating system prompt: Table 3-1 describes the system environment variables for Adaptive Server.
  • Page 47 Sybsystemprocs database size • Error log • Transport type • Host name • Port number In the Edit Advance Adaptive Server Attributes tab, enter: • Adaptive Server configuration file • Sybsystemdb device path • Sybsystemdb device size • Sybsystemdb database size •...
  • Page 48 • Maximum number of sessions • Transport type • Host name • Port number 10 To configure Job Scheduler, enter the following information in the Job Scheduler type screen” • Sybmgmtdb device path • Sybmgmtdb device size Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 49: Using The Stty Setting

    To avoid this error, execute the following command before starting Adaptive Server: stty -tostop If you are redirecting all Adaptive Server output to files, you do not have to change the setting.

  • Page 50: Restoring Correct Permissions

    Administrator should take into account the number of file descriptors available per process. Although most of the open file descriptors are available for user connections, a few are used by Adaptive Server for opening files and devices. For HP-UX The kernel parameters...

  • Page 51: For Linux

    The limit is 10,000. Although most of the open file descriptors are available for user connections, a few are used by Adaptive Server engines for opening files and devices. See the System Administration Guide for additional information on user connections.

  • Page 52: Increasing The Hard Limit

    755 program_name chown root program_name where program_name is the name of the compiled program. The “root” user can use the program to start Adaptive Server with increased user connections by typing the following command at the operating system prompt:...

  • Page 53: Sample Program

    Configuring the Operating System where program_name is the name of the compiled program, and master_device_name is the full path of Adaptive Server’s master device. Instead of typing the command at the operating system prompt, you can add program_name preceding the dataserver command line in the Adaptive Server RUN_server_name file.

  • Page 54: Enabling Asynchronous Disk I/O

    HP technical support. Note Before executing the following instructions, shut down Adaptive Server (or SQL Server). To enable asynchronous I/O: From the SAM Kernel Configuration menu, choose Drivers and set the Pending State for asyncdisk to In by adding the driver.
  • Page 55 CHAPTER 3 Configuring the Operating System At the UNIX prompt, execute the following statements as “root”. The user ID of the user who is starting Adaptive Server and Backup Server must be the owner of the /dev/async directory. HP-UX 11.23 This step is mandatory for HP users.
  • Page 56 I/O, increase the MAXIMUM number of servers value by 1 for every active device. Note Setting the minor device number on /dev/async to 4 reduces or eliminates transient 605 errors in Adaptive Server. If you are using LVM mirroring, set the minor device number to 0x0. Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 57: Adjusting The Client Connection Timeout Period

    If it does not receive a response from the client machine for any of these packets, the operating system notifies Adaptive Server that the client is no longer responding. Adaptive Server then terminates the client’s connection.

  • Page 58: For Sun Solaris

    Memory problems of any type For HP-UX Check the /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log file on a regular basis. You can view the file directly, or you can use the HP-UX command. See your operating dmesg system documentation for more information. Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 59: For Ibm Rs/6000

    Monitoring the use of operating system resources The System Administration Guide discusses maintaining the optimal number of Adaptive Server engines for your workload and system configuration. To determine the optimal number, monitor system and CPU usage. For HP-UX...

  • Page 60: For Ibm Rs/6000

    Sun Solaris and Linux supplies the following tools to help monitor performance: • command reports the amount of I/O on terminals and hard disks iostat and how CPU time is spent. • command monitors virtual memory usage. vmstat • command monitors network status. netstat Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 61: A Sample C Shell Maintenance Script

    A sample C shell maintenance script Running checks and performing database backups protect the integrity dbcc and recoverability of your Adaptive Server databases. The following sample C shell script calls several scripts to help you do this: isql #!/bin/csh -f if ( -e dbcc_mail.out) then...
  • Page 62 To have the scripts execute automatically, edit the crontab file, and add an entry similar to this: 00 02 * * * /usr/u/sybase/dbcc_ck 2>&1 This example executes a C shell script called every morning at 2:00 dbcc_ck a.m.

  • Page 63: Chapter 4 Adaptive Server Default Configuration

    Page Default settings Default settings After installation, Adaptive Server default settings are as listed in Table 4- 1. You may need to configure these settings to suit your computer and database needs. Table 4-1: Defaults for Adaptive Server parameter settings...
  • Page 64 Socket number 5001 Error log path $SYBASE/$SYBASE_ASE/install/AdaptiveS ervername_back.log Monitor Server Name AdaptiveServername_mon Network support (TCP/IP) Socket number 5002 Error log path $SYBASE/$SYBASE_ASE/install/AdaptiveS ervername_back.log XP Server Name $SYBASE/$SYBASE_ASE/ADAPTIVESER VERNAME_XP Network support (TCP/IP) Socket number 5003 Error log path Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 65: Chapter 5 Setting Up Communications Across The Network

    Backup Servers, and other server products on the network. In the Sybase client/server environment, a client can connect with Adaptive Server if it knows where the server resides on the network and if the server supports the client’s language or character set. When a client initiates a connection, it looks in its directory services for the network location of the target server.
  • Page 66 Servers also need network information. When a server starts up, it looks in its interfaces file to determine where to listen for client connection requests. In addition, Adaptive Server can take on a client role when it makes remote procedure calls to other Adaptive Servers.

  • Page 67: How A Client Uses Directory Services

    You can also use the following Sybase utilities to edit the network information in directory services: • – an X-Windows GUI utility. dsedit • – a UNIX command line utility. dscp For details on using these utilities, see the Adaptive Server Utility Guide. Configuration Guide...

  • Page 68: Supported Directory Drivers

    Contents of an interfaces file An interfaces file contains network information about all servers on your network, including Adaptive Server, Backup Server, and XP Server, plus any other server applications such as Monitor Server, Replication Server, and any other Open Server applications.

  • Page 69: Heterogeneous And Homogeneous Environments

    If the host machine supports multiple networks, see “Configuring interfaces files for multiple networks” on page 59. Heterogeneous and homogeneous environments You can run Adaptive Server and clients on the same platform or on different platforms. If the platforms are different, each platform may require a different format and configuration for its interfaces file.
  • Page 70 Because the two Adaptive Servers are running under the same operating system, they can use the same interfaces file or exact copies of the same file. Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 71: Understanding The Format Of The Interfaces File

    Understanding the format of the interfaces file The following rules apply to the format of interfaces file entries: • Each Adaptive Server has only one entry, although there may be multiple lines in the entry. • Each line that follows the servername line must begin with a space or a character tab.

  • Page 72: Components Of An Interfaces File Entry

    Value servername Name of Adaptive Server or Backup Server. Requirements for a server name are: • The name cannot be more than 30 characters long. • The first character must be a letter (ASCII a through z, A through Z).
  • Page 73 • Port number converted to four digits, hexadecimal. Must be a unique number between 1025 and 65535. Check the /etc/services file on each machine on the network to see what port numbers are in use. Enter the Adaptive Server port number in a new section of /etc/services labeled “Sybase specific services.”...

  • Page 74: Creating A Master Interfaces File

    You can use the utility to create a master interfaces file, which dsedit dscp you can then distribute to all servers. If you are not an experienced Sybase user, you may find that using is easier than using a text editor. Using dsedit dscp also ensures that your interfaces file is consistent in format.

  • Page 75: Configuring Interfaces Files For Multiple Networks

    Configuring interfaces files for multiple networks On some platforms, Adaptive Server can accommodate multiple networks. This allows Adaptive Server to listen for clients over multiple network interfaces. You must add an entry for each network interface to the interfaces file.

  • Page 76: Configuring The Client Connections

    Connections made on each interface are handled equally, as peers. Configuring the client connections When an Adaptive Server client scans the interfaces file for a server name, the client uses the first “query” entry it encounters for the server’s entry. This makes configuring clients to use multiple network connections less straightforward than configuring the server ports.
  • Page 77 You have complete control over what the Sybase installation clients see on each network. • The interfaces file (at the very least) is not shared or copied among Sybase installations on different networks. The interfaces file looks like the following example on the “engineering”...

  • Page 78: Configuring For Query Port Backup

    Adaptive Server listens for connections at both ports. Clients looking for a host name and a port number for a connection to an Adaptive Server try the port on each “query” line in order, until they establish a connection.

  • Page 79: Ipv6 Support

    Open Client documentation. For client interfaces files in a homogeneous environment, you can copy the entire interfaces file entry for the Adaptive Server into the client interfaces file. A connection on the secondary port occurs only if the corporate network is disabled, or if the corporate network interface on the host machine fails or is shut down due to a network-related failure.

  • Page 80: Ipv6 Infrastructure

    >NETlib) which is IPv6-aware for network-socket operations. An important note is that any DBlib based Open Client product is not IPv6-aware. For Adaptive Server Enterprise being IPv6-aware is a complex issue because some components within the ASE are 3rd party components and are not yet IPv6-aware.

  • Page 81: Starting Adaptive Server Enterprise As Ipv6-Aware

    See your Network or IT specialist to configure your platforms and Network Infrastructure correctly for IPv6 support. A second trace flag, 7815 can be set when you start Adaptive Server which captures and logs address connection requests and host / name lookups.

  • Page 82: Troubleshooting

    - being responsible for all IPv4 networking applications v6.sybase.com - being responsible for all IPv6 networking applications The DCL entry for Adaptive Server to start named “SYBASE” on the host “revival” for port 17100 would typically look like: SYBASE master tcp ether revival.sybase.com 17100...

  • Page 83: Error When Executing An Esp

    The server does not start if its assigned port number is already in use. For information on starting servers manually, see the installation documentation for your platform and the Adaptive Server Utility Guide. If a stale server process is retaining use of the port number Do one of the following: •...
  • Page 84 Change the interfaces file to use a new port number for the XP Server. • Stop the process using the port number allotted to XP Server. Restart Adaptive Server, and execute the ESP that you attempted earlier. XP Server should start automatically. Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 85: Chapter 6 Using The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol As A Directory Service

    The LDAP server can be located on a different platform from the one on which Adaptive Server or the clients are running. LDAP defines the communication protocol and the contents of messages exchanged between clients and servers.

  • Page 86: Ldap Directory Services Versus The Sybase Interfaces File

    LDAP directory services versus the Sybase interfaces file The LDAP server stores and retrieves information about: • Adaptive Server, such as IP address, port number, and network protocol • Security mechanisms and filters • High availability companion server name The LDAP server can be configured with these access restrictions: •...
  • Page 87 • A single, hierarchical view of information, including users, software, resources, networks, files, and so on Table 6-1 highlights the differences between the Sybase interfaces file and an LDAP server. Table 6-1: interfaces file versus LDAP directory services interfaces file...
  • Page 88 LDAP directory services versus the Sybase interfaces file Attribute name Value type Description sybaseAddress String Each server address includes: • Protocol: TCP, NAMEPIPE, SPX DECNET (entry is case sensitive). • Address: any valid address for the protocol type. Note dscp splits this attribute into Transport type and Transport address.

  • Page 89: The Libtcl*.Cfg File

    CHAPTER 6 Using the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol as a Directory Service In the example above, the entry describes an Adaptive Server named “foobar” listening on a TCP connection with a port number of 5000. This entity also specifies a retry count of 12 (times) and a retry delay of 30 (seconds). Once a client has found an address where a server responds, the login dialog between the client and the server begins.

  • Page 90: Enabling Ldap Directory Services

    You should edit both the libtcl.cfg and the libtcl64.cfg files to ensure compatibility between 32- and 64-bit applications. The default libtcl.cfg file is located in $SYBASE/$SYBASE_OCS/config. If LDAP is specified in the libtcl.cfg file, the interfaces file is not used.
  • Page 91 Verify that the appropriate environment variable points to the required third-party libraries. The Netscape LDAP SDK libraries are located in $SYBASE/$SYBASE_OCS/lib3p or lib3p64.The Unix load library path environment variable must point to this directory. Add your server entry to the LDAP server using .

  • Page 92: Adding A Server To The Directory Services

    Before you can add, delete, or modify an LDAP server entry, you must add the LDAP URL to the libtcl.cfg file. See “The libtcl*.cfg file” on page 73. to add a server to the directory service: dsedit Source SYBASE.csh or SYBASE.sh to set the environment variables. to $SYBASE/$SYBASE_OCS/bin. Execute dsedit Select LDAP from the list of servers, and click OK.

  • Page 93: Multiple Directory Services

    Not every directory service in the list needs to be an LDAP server. For example: [DIRECTORY] ldap=libsydbladp.so ldap://test:389/dc=sybase,dc=com ldap=libsybdldap.so ldap://huey:11389/dc=sybase,dc=com In this example, if the connection to test:389 fails, the connection fails over to the DCE driver with the specified DIT base. If this also fails, a connection to the LDAP server on huey:11389 is attempted.

  • Page 94: Encrypting The Password

    Encrypting the password Encrypting the password Entries in the libtcl.cfg file are in human-readable format. Sybase provides a utility for basic password encryption. is a simple algorithm pwdcrypt pwdcrypt that, when applied to keyboard input, generates an encrypted value that can be substituted for the password.

  • Page 95: Migrating From The Interfaces File To Ldap

    There is no direct method to upgrade an existing server using the interfaces file to one that uses lightweight directory services. To upgrade a previous release of Adaptive Server to Adaptive Server version 15.0, see the Installation Guide for Windows.
  • Page 96 Migrating from the interfaces file to LDAP Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 97: Chapter 7 Customizing Localization For Adaptive Server

    This support includes: • Data processing support – Adaptive Server comes with character set and sort order definition files it uses to process the characters used in different languages. Sybase provides support for the major languages in: •...

  • Page 98: Language Modules

    When you install a language module, the installation program loads the messages, character set, and sort-order files that support the new language in the correct locations. When you install Adaptive Server and Backup Server, system messages in English are installed by default. Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 99: Default Character Sets For Servers

    Adaptive Server, it displays a message box srvbuild asking if you want to localize your Adaptive Server to a language other than us_english and if you want to use a character set or sort order other than the default.

  • Page 100: Supported Character Sets

    Western European languages. Changing the default character set for servers You can select any character set as the default on Adaptive Server, including character sets that are not the platform default character sets. Keep the following guidelines in mind when selecting a new default character set: •...
  • Page 101 CHAPTER 7 Customizing Localization for Adaptive Server • Hebrew – see Table 7-8 on page 87. • Japanese – see Table 7-9 on page 87. • Korean – see Table 7-10 on page 87. • Thai – see Table 7-11 on page 87.
  • Page 102 Table 7-6 lists the Eastern European character set: Table 7-6: Eastern European character sets Character set Unilib required Description cp852 PC Eastern Europe cp1250 Microsoft Windows 3.1 Eastern European iso88592 ISO 8859-2 Latin-2 Table 7-7 lists the Greek character set: Adaptive Server Enterprise...
  • Page 103 CHAPTER 7 Customizing Localization for Adaptive Server Table 7-7: Greek character sets Character set Unilib required Description cp869 IBM PC Greek cp1253 MS Windows Greek greek8 HP GREEK8 iso88597 ISO 8859-7 Latin/Greek Table 7-8 lists the Hebrew character set: Table 7-8: Hebrew character sets...
  • Page 104 IBM CP850 - European code set cp860 PC Portuguese cp858 cp850 with Euro support cp1252 Microsoft Windows US (ANSI) iso_1 ISO 8859-1 Latin-1 roman8 HP ROMAN8 iso15 ISO 8859-15 Latin-1 with Euro support roman9 HP ROMAN8 with Euro support Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 105: Character Set Conversion

    Administration Guide. If either Adaptive Server or Backup Server does not support a client’s language or character set, that server issues a warning message. Errors also occur when the Backup Server character set is not compatible with the Adaptive Server character set.

  • Page 106: Sort Orders

    • If Adaptive Server does not support the language, it uses the user’s default language or Adaptive Server’s default language. • If Adaptive Server does not support the character set, it issues a warning to the client, turns conversion off, and sets the language to U.S.
  • Page 107 Table 7-16 describes the sort orders that you can specify at installation time or at a later time using the utility. sqlloc Table 7-16: Sort orders available in Adaptive Server Sort order name Description Binary order Sorts all data according to numeric byte values for that character set. Binary order sorts all ASCII uppercase letters before lowercase letters.
  • Page 108 For more information on unicode sort orders for utf_8, see Chapter 7, “Configuring Character Sets, Sort Orders, and Languages” in the System Administration Guide. Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 109: Language Modules

    CHAPTER 7 Customizing Localization for Adaptive Server Language modules If you want Adaptive Server error messages to be displayed in a language other than U.S. English (us_english), you must install the appropriate language module. When you install a new language module, installation automatically loads the language into the Sybase installation directory to support the new language.

  • Page 110: Localization

    Localization For example, if your client’s language is Latin, the Spanish language module is installed, and Spanish is specified as the Adaptive Server default language, the client receives messages in Spanish. Localization By default, the Adaptive Server and Backup Server configurations use the English locale settings, which include: •...

  • Page 111: About The Directory

    Each language subdirectory contains a subdirectory for each character set available with that language. • The .loc files in these subdirectories enable Adaptive Server or Backup Server to report errors in a specific language, encoded in a specific character set.
  • Page 112 When a client application starts, it checks the operating system locale setting and then checks the locales.dat file to see if that setting is appropriate for Adaptive Server. For example, a locale entry for French can look like the following:...

  • Page 113: Changing The Localization Configuration

    For example, if you want your Open Client messages to appear in French, and Adaptive Server is using the ROMAN8 character set, you would check the locales.dat entries for your platform and look for the following...

  • Page 114: Adaptive Server Localization

    Note If you want to install more than one language on Adaptive Server, and database is not large enough to manage more than one language, the master transaction log may become too full. You can expand the...

  • Page 115: Backup Server Localization

    Configuring Adaptive Server for other character sets To configure Adaptive Server with the character set and sort order for your language, complete the following steps. Your system messages appear in the default language, English. Use the utility to load the default character set and sort order.

  • Page 116: Sort Orders

    ISO 8859-2. Dictionary order, case insensitive, accent insensitive hunnocs.srt Russian Dictionary order, case sensitive, accent sensitive rusdict.srt Dictionary order, case insensitive, accent sensitive rusnocs.srt This sort order works with all Cyrillic character sets except for CP 855. Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 117: Character Sets

    These sort orders work only with ISO 8859-9. Dictionary order, case insensitive, accent sensitive turnocs.srt Character sets Table 7-18 lists the supported character sets and their Sybase name. Table 7-18: Sybase character set names Character sets Sybase name ASCII 8...

  • Page 118: Charset Utility

    To change the default character set and sort order of Adaptive Server, see the System Administration Guide. Adaptive Server Enterprise...
  • Page 119 Adaptive Server. When loading additional character sets, use charset.loc to indicate the name of the character set files.
  • Page 120 Changing the localization configuration Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 121: Chapter 8 Logging Error Messages And Events

    Page Adaptive Server error logging Setting error log paths Managing messages Adaptive Server error logging Each time Adaptive Server starts, it writes information to a local error log file, called the Adaptive Server error log: $SYBASE/$SYBASE_ASE/install/server_name.log This file: • Stores information about the success or failure of each start-up attempt.

  • Page 122: Enabling And Disabling Error Logging

    Backup Server: $SYBASE/$SYBASE_ASE/install/servername_back.log • Monitor Server: $SYBASE/$SYBASE-ASE/install/servername_ms.log At start-up, you can reset the name and location of the Adaptive Server error log file from the command line. Use the start-up parameter and value in the command to start Adaptive Server.

  • Page 123: Managing Messages

    , in logging in to Adaptive Server. log audit logon failure Logging user-defined messages You can specify whether a user-defined message is logged to the Adaptive Server error log. Adaptive Server lets you make this determination for: • New messages ( sp_addmessage •...

  • Page 124: Logging Auditing Events

    Managing messages Logging auditing events By default, Adaptive Server does not log auditing events. However, you can parameters to specify whether Adaptive Server is to log sp_configure auditing events, such as logins, to the Adaptive Server error log. Possible parameters and values are: •...

  • Page 125: Chapter 9 Managing Adaptive Server Databases

    The term database device refers to a disk or a portion of a disk that stores Adaptive Server databases and database objects. Device requirements Adaptive Server devices and databases are subject to the following limits: • The maximum device size is 4TB.

  • Page 126: Creating Files For Database Devices

    • The maximum number of database devices is 2,147,483,647. However, Adaptive Server must retain a description of each device in memory, so in practice this number is limited by your system’s memory. Your operating system also limits how many devices one program can open simultaneously.
  • Page 127 The example command does not specify a device number, instead letting the server choose one. Unless you need to assign a specific number to a given device, Sybase recommends you use this method. If you do need an explicit device number, use the parameter , where N is the device "vdevno = N"...
  • Page 128 Managing database devices Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 129: Chapter 10 Adding Optional Functionality To Adaptive Server

    Page Adding auditing Installing online help for Transact-SQL syntax After you have installed the Sybase products on your system, see the product documentation for configuration and administration issues. Adding auditing Auditing is an important part of security in a database management system.

  • Page 130: Overview Of Audit Installation

    . At any given time, only one of the audit tables is current. sysaudits_08 Adaptive Server writes all audit data to the current audit table. A System Security Officer can use to set or change which audit table is sp_configure current.

  • Page 131: Pre-Installation Tasks For Auditing Devices

    Installing auditing Configuring Adaptive Server for auditing Source SYBASE.csh or SYBASE.sh file if you have not setup the Sybase environment variables. Start at the UNIX prompt:...
  • Page 132 Configure Auditing menu with the value “yes” auditinit displayed for Configure Auditing. 10 Restart Adaptive Server for the changes to take effect. Creating a device for an audit table From the Configure Auditing screen, select Add a Device for Audit Table(s).
  • Page 133 Note Device Size for Auditing value. The Device Size for Auditing must be equal to the device size. If you are following Sybase auditing guidelines, you do not need to change the value displayed in Device Size for Auditing. Press Ctrl+A to accept the settings.
  • Page 134 Size 6.Audit_01' secret1/sybase_dr/install/aud1.dat’ sysaudits_01 5 To add multiple audit devices, repeat steps 1– 6. You can add as many as eight devices. Sybase recommends adding three or more audit table devices. After adding a device, returns to the Configure Auditing menu and auditinit displays all the devices you have created.
  • Page 135 Proceed through the remaining items on this menu. As you do so, be aware of the following: • Sybase recommends a minimum size of 2MB for the size of the transaction log. • displays the size in both Size of the Device and in Device Size auditinit for Auditing in the Add/Change a New Device for Auditing menu.
  • Page 136 /secret1/sybase_ dr/install/aud2.dat' sysaudits_02 8. auditlog /secret1/.../auditlog.dat logsegment syslogs When you are ready to execute the audit configuration, press Ctrl+A. returns you to the Sybase Server Configuration screen. auditinit Press Ctrl+A again. prompts with: auditinit Execute the Sybase Server Configuration now? Enter “y”...

  • Page 137: Installing Online Help For Transact-Sql Syntax

    Transact-SQL ins_syn_sql All Adaptive Server installations include the script. This script ins_syn_sql includes syntax information for Transact-SQL, the system procedures, and the Sybase utilities. When you execute this script, you install the SQL portion of database. sybsyntax Configuration Guide...

  • Page 138: Default Device For The Sybsyntax Database

    Installing online help for Transact-SQL syntax You can install any of these scripts, depending on the need for Sybase information on your server. The first script you execute creates the sybsyntax database and the needed tables and indexes. Any scripts that you execute after the first one add to the existing information in the database.
  • Page 139 Execute the script with a command like the following: isql -Usa -Ppassword -Sservername < $SYBASE/$SYBASE_ASE/scripts/ins_syn_sql where sa is the user ID of the System Administrator, password is the System Administrator’s password, and servername is the Adaptive Server where you plan to install the database. Configuration Guide...
  • Page 140 . For example: sp_syntax isql -Usa -Ppassword -Sservername 1> sp_syntax "select" 2> go Adaptive Server displays a list of commands that contain the word or word fragment “select.” Adaptive Server Enterprise...

  • Page 141: Index

    UNIX command line shutting down starting with operating system sort order Backup Server, default, for Adaptive Server starting from UNIX command line Backus Naur Form (BNF) notation xiii, xiv starting with operating system binary sort order...
  • Page 142 44, 45 sort order vmstat 43, 44 character devices common.loc file improving I/O performance on 38, 39 communications between client and Adaptive Server character sets accented letters in configurations changing 83, 84, 97 default 47, 48 client selection of...
  • Page 143 4, 51, 61 dbccdb database LD_LIBRARY_PATH debug service type LIBPATH Dec-Kanji character set PATH default SYBASE character set for Adaptive Server SYBASE_ASE character set, changing SYBASE_FTS character sets installed by SYBASE_OCS language for Adaptive Server SYBASE_SYSAM language, changing error log paths...
  • Page 144 Sybase interfaces file German sample database interfaces files globalization support, Sybase 47, 81, 94, 97 Adaptive Server, naming in Greek character sets Adaptive Server, used by address component for SPX API component in automatic creation of client and server versions, differences in...
  • Page 145 Sybase support for versus the interfaces file interpubs sample database LDAP libraries iostat command environment variables IBM RS/6000 location of...
  • Page 146 (PPID) parentheses () in SQL statements partition map avoiding damage to named pipes password encryption default pipe for libtcl*.cfg naming requirements for servers pwdcrypt PATH environment variable monitoring systems Adaptive Server Enterprise...
  • Page 147 See System Management Interface Tool Sort order raw block devices changing See character devices sort order raw partitions default for Adaptive Server availability of Sort orders minimum size for database devices changing referential integrity constraint letter case in retry_attempts component in interfaces files...
  • Page 148 Sun Solaris sundiag system diagnostic tool TLI protocol supported platforms translated messages SYBASE environment variable error (.loc files) $SYBASE environment variable as default server name system Turkish character sets Sybase globalization support 81, 94, 97 Sybase installation directory SYBASE_ASE environment variable...
  • Page 149 Index user-defined message utilities slloc vmstat command HP-UX IBM RS/6000 Sun Solaris Windows Sockets default socket 47, 48 XP Server default configuration XP Server, starting xp_cmdshell command Configuration Guide...

  • Page 150: Adaptive Server Enterprise

    Index Adaptive Server Enterprise...

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