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Fluke 6100A User Manual

Electrical power standard
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6100A
Electrical Power Standard
Users Manual
PN 1887628
Version 6.0 December 2008
© 2006-2008 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in UK
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

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Summary of Contents for Fluke 6100A

  • Page 1 ® 6100A Electrical Power Standard Users Manual PN 1887628 Version 6.0 December 2008 © 2006-2008 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in UK All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
  • Page 2 Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke. Warranty support is available if product is purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price.
  • Page 3 Immediately upon arrival, purchaser shall check the packing container against the enclosed packing list and shall, within thirty (30) days of arrival, give Fluke notice of shortages or any nonconformity with the terms of the order. If purchaser fails to give notice, the delivery shall be deemed to conform with the terms of the order.
  • Page 4 OPERATOR SAFETY SUMMARY WARNING HIGH VOLTAGE is used in the operation of this equipment LETHAL VOLTAGE may be present on the terminals, observe all safety precautions! To avoid electrical shock hazard, the operator should not electrically contact the output hi or sense hi binding posts or any conductors connected to them, while the instrument is in both standby and operate modes.
  • Page 5 General Safety Summary This instrument has been designed and type tested in accordance with the following standard publications: EN61010-1: 2001 UL61010A-1 CAN CSA 22.2 No 1010.1-92 and has been supplied in a safe condition. This manual contains information and warnings that must be observed to keep the instrument in a safe condition and ensure safe operation.
  • Page 6 Protective Earth (or Grounding) Protection Class 1 - The instrument must be operated with a Protective Earth/Ground connection via the Protective Earth/Grounding conductor of the AC line supply cable. The Protective Earth/Ground connects before the AC line and neutral connections when the supply plug is inserted into the instrument's rear panel AC line supply socket.
  • Page 7 Signal connection To avoid electric shock hazard, signal connections to the instrument must be made after the Protective Earth/Ground connection is made and disconnected before the Protective Earth/Ground connection is removed; i.e. the AC line supply lead must be connected whenever signal leads are connected.
  • Page 8 750A. The fuse must be rated for a voltage of 250V AC. To access the fuse and ensure the line power is disconnected and follow the procedure described in Chapter 6. The approved fuse is shown below Fluke part number and description: 1998159 T15AH 250V 32mm...
  • Page 9 Always disconnect the instrument from all signal sources and then the AC line power supply before removing any covers. Any adjustment, parts replacement, maintenance or repair should be carried out only by Fluke authorized technical personnel. WWARNING...

  • Page 11: Table Of Contents

    1-1. Introduction................... 1-3 1-2. Features....................1-3 1-3. About this manual................. 1-3 1-4. How to use this Manual ................ 1-4 1-5. Contacting Fluke................... 1-4 1-6. Specifications..................1-5 1-7. Input Power ..................1-5 1-8. Dimensions ..................1-5 1-9. Environment ..................1-5 1-10.
  • Page 12 6100A Users Manual 1-35. Power Specifications ................ 1-16 1-36. Sinusoidal VA Specifications ............1-16 1-37. Sinusoidal Power Specifications ..........1-16 1-38. Flicker Specifications ............... 1-18 1-39. Voltage and Current Sinusoidal and Rectangular Modulation Flicker Specification ..........1-19 1-40. Fluctuating Harmonic Specifications ..........1-19 1-41.
  • Page 13 (continued) Contents 4-13. Reference Clock Out ................ 4-7 4-14. More Settings ................... 4-7 4-15. Edit mode....................4-8 4-16. Direct Mode..................4-8 4-17. Deferred mode .................. 4-8 4-18. Changes that are not deferred ............4-9 4-19. Setting up voltage and current waveforms..........4-9 4-20.
  • Page 14 6100A Users Manual 5-11. Operating Conditions................ 5-5 5-12. Programmed Transfer to Local Control (GTL or REN False) ..5-6 5-13. ‘Device Clear’ .................. 5-6 5-14. Levels of Reset ................. 5-6 5-15. Message Exchange................5-7 5-16. IEEE 488.2 Model ................5-7 5-17.
  • Page 15 (continued) Contents 5-66. Select phase jump settle period ............ 5-37 5-67. Report phase jump stage .............. 5-37 5-68. Report phase jump elapsed time ..........5-38 5-69. Current Setup ................5-38 5-70. Harmonics Phenomenon .............. 5-39 5-71. Fluctuating Harmonics Phenomenon ........... 5-40 5-72.
  • Page 16 Equipment required................7-5 7-10. Overview of 6100A signal generation ..........7-6 7-11. Independence of 6100A and 6101A ..........7-6 7-12. The Fluke service center calibration system ......... 7-8 7-13. Characteristics of the calibration system .......... 7-10 7-14. Transducers .................. 7-10 7-15.
  • Page 17 (continued) Contents 8-28. Energy units..................8-11 8-29. Result presentation ................8-12 8-30. Results ....................8-12 8-31. Output gating ..................8-13 8-32. Input gating..................8-13 8-33. Warm-up sequence tree ..............8-13 8-34. Warm-up duration ................8-14 8-35. Warm-up pulse source..............8-14 8-36.
  • Page 18 6100A Users Manual viii...
  • Page 19 List of Tables Table Title Page 3-1. Front Panel Features....................3-4 3-2. Rear Panel Features....................3-11 7-1. The contribution of phase uncertainty to power accuracy ........7-4 7-2. Calibration methods ....................7-5 7-3. Samples per cycle....................7-10 7-4. DMM phase error uncertainty (degrees) ..............7-11...
  • Page 20 6100A Users Manual...

  • Page 21: List Of Figures

    List of Figures Figure Title Page 3-1. 6100A Front Panel ....................3-3 3-2. Graphical user interface ..................3-6 3-3. Direct Mode key..................... 3-7 3-3. Output Menu frame ....................3-9 3-4. The Output Menu ....................3-9 3-5. Output Menu softkeys .................... 3-9 3-6.
  • Page 22 6100A Users Manual 4-28. Distorted Voltage with Multiple Zero Crossings ........... 4-23 4-29. Harmonics with Side Bands ................... 4-24 4-30. Phase Jumps ......................4-25 4-31. Rectangular Voltage Changes with 20 % Duty Cycle ........... 4-25 5-1. IEEE 488 Compatibility Codes ................5-4 5-2.
  • Page 23 Page 1-1. Introduction ....................... 1-3 1-2. Features......................1-3 1-3. About this manual....................1-3 1-4. How to use this Manual ..................1-4 1-5. Contacting Fluke....................1-4 1-6. Specifications..................... 1-5 1-7. Input Power....................1-5 1-8. Dimensions ....................1-5 1-9. Environment....................1-5 1-10.
  • Page 24 6100A Users Manual 1-36. Sinusoidal VA Specifications ..............1-16 1-37. Sinusoidal Power Specifications .............. 1-16 1-38. Flicker Specifications..................1-18 1-39. Voltage and Current Sinusoidal and Rectangular Modulation Flicker Specification ................. 1-19 1-40. Fluctuating Harmonic Specifications............1-19 1-41. Interharmonic Specifications ................ 1-20 1-42.

  • Page 25: Introduction And Specifications

    Introduction 1-1. Introduction The Fluke 6100A Electrical Power Standard is a precise instrument for the calibration of measuring devices used to determine the magnitude and quality of power supplied to consumers. With the 6100A instrument, you can synthesize irregular power supplies with phenomena of voltage harmonics, interharmonics, fluctuating harmonics, flicker, dips and swells.

  • Page 26: How To Use This Manual

    Operator maintenance: Chapter 6 Calibration: Chapter 7 1-5. Contacting Fluke To contact Fluke for product information, operating assistance, service, or to get the location of the nearest Fluke distributor or Service Center, call: 1-888-99FLUKE (1-888-993-5853) in U.S.A. 1-800-36-FLUKE (1-800-363-5853) in Canada...

  • Page 27: Specifications

    Introduction and Specifications Specifications 1-6. Specifications 1-7. Input Power Voltage 100 V - 240 V with up to 10 % fluctuations Transient overvoltages Impulse withstand (overvoltage) category II of IEC 60364-4-443 Frequency 47 Hz - 63 Hz Max. Consumption 1000 VA max from 100 - 130 V, 1250 VA max from 130 V - 260 V 1-8.

  • Page 28: Electrical Specifications

    Users Manual 1-12. Electrical Specifications The accuracies stated include the calibration uncertainty provided by Fluke Service Centers. In the following specifications uncertainties are stated at coverage factor k=2, equivalent to 95 % confidence level, in accordance with accepted metrology practices.

  • Page 29: Open And Closed Loop Operation

    Introduction and Specifications Electrical Specifications 1-15. Open and Closed Loop Operation Full accuracy for pure sine or sine plus harmonics is achieved by using analog and digital feedback systems (closed loop). When any of: Flicker, Fluctuating harmonics, Dip/Swell or Interharmonics are applied, the digital system is automatically uncoupled (open loop).

  • Page 30: Voltage Dc And Harmonic Amplitude Specifications

    6100A Users Manual 1-19. Voltage DC and Harmonic Amplitude Specifications 1-Year Accuracy, Open Loop Stability Closed Loop Stability Output tcal Range Frequency (ppm of output + mV) (ppm of output + [4][5] (ppm of output + mV) per Hour [2][3] mV) per Hour 0 V - 8 V 16 Hz - 450 Hz...

  • Page 31: Maximum Capacitive Loading For Output Stability

    Introduction and Specifications Electrical Specifications 1-20. Maximum Capacitive Loading for Output Stability The voltage output will remain stable with 100 nF load but may not be able to drive that capacitance at all voltage/frequency/harmonic combinations due to burden current limitations. 1-21.

  • Page 32: Current Specifications

    6100A Users Manual 1-22. Current Specifications Option 6100A/80A adds the 80 A range to 6100A and 6101A. Without option 6100A/80A the maximum output current is 21 A rms. 1-23. Current Range Limits Full Range (FR) 0.25 A 0.5 A 10 A 21 A 80 A [1][2]...

  • Page 33: Current Sine Amplitude Specifications

    Introduction and Specifications Electrical Specifications 1-25. Current Sine Amplitude Specifications 1-Year Accuracy, Closed Loop Open Loop Stability tcal Stability (ppm of Range Frequency Current (ppm of output + output + A) per (ppm of output + [1][2] A) per Hour Hour 0.01 A - 0.1 A 16 Hz - 450 Hz...

  • Page 34: Current Dc And Harmonic Amplitude Specifications

    6100A Users Manual 1-26. Current DC and Harmonic Amplitude Specifications 1-Year Accuracy, Closed Loop Open Loop Stability tcal Stability (ppm of [4][5] Range Output Frequency (ppm of output + A) output + A) per (ppm of output + [1][2] per Hour Hour 0 A - 0.125 A 16 Hz - 450 Hz...

  • Page 35: Current Distortion And Noise

    Introduction and Specifications Electrical Specifications 1-27. Current Distortion and Noise Maximum Harmonic Distortion Non-harmonic Noise Floor Range and Frequency (relative to full range) Either: Full the largest of or the largest of 16 Hz - 4 MHz Frequency Range Amps % Setting % Range 0.25 A...

  • Page 36: Sine Specifications

    6100A Users Manual 1-31. Sine Specifications 1-Year Accuracy, Open Loop Closed Loop tcal Output Stability (ppm of Stability (ppm of Range Frequency output + V) for 1 Component (ppm of output + output + V) for 1 [1][2] Hour Hour 0.05 V - 0.1 V 16 Hz - 450 Hz 0.05 V - 0.25 V...

  • Page 37: Voltage From Current Terminals, Distortion And Noise

    Introduction and Specifications Electrical Specifications 1-33. Voltage from Current Terminals, Distortion and Noise Maximum Harmonic Distortion Non-harmonic Noise Floor Range and Frequency (relative to full range) Either Full the largest of or the largest of 16 Hz - 4 MHz Frequency Range Volts...

  • Page 38: Power Specifications

    6100A Users Manual 1-35. Power Specifications The example power specifications below are only valid for rms values greater than 40 % of range for voltage and current and frequency less than 450 Hz. They are not valid when any of: Flicker, Fluctuating harmonics, Dip/Swell or Interharmonics are applied to the voltage or current channel of that 6100A/6101A.
  • Page 39 Introduction and Specifications Electrical Specifications 69 Hz to 180 Hz, 1.0 > Power Factor > 0.75 16 V 33 V 78 V 168 V 336 V 1008 V V Range I Setting (6.4 - 16 V) (13.2 - 33 V) (31 - 78 V) (67 - 168 V) (134 - 336 V)

  • Page 40: Flicker Specifications

    6100A Users Manual 180 Hz to 450 Hz, 0.5 > Power Factor > 0.25 16 V 33 V 78 V 168 V 336 V 1008 V V Range I Setting (6.4 - 16 V) (13.2 - 33 V) (31 - 78 V) (67 - 168 V) (134 - 336 V) (330 - 1008 V)

  • Page 41: Voltage And Current Sinusoidal And Rectangular Modulation Flicker Specification

    Introduction and Specifications Electrical Specifications 1-39. Voltage and Current Sinusoidal and Rectangular Modulation Flicker Specification Setting range 30 % of set value within range values (60 % V/V) Flicker modulation depth accuracy 0.025 % Modulation depth setting resolution 0.001 % Shape of modulation envelope Rectangular, Square or Sinusoidal Duty cycle (shape = rectangular)

  • Page 42: Interharmonic Specifications

    6100A Users Manual 1-41. Interharmonic Specifications Interharmonics are available on voltage and current outputs Frequency accuracy 500 ppm Amplitude accuracy 16 Hz to <6 kHz Amplitude accuracy >6 kHz Maximum value of a single interharmonic The maximum value for an interharmonic <2850 Hz is 30 % of range.

  • Page 43: Determining Non-Sinusoidal Waveform Amplitude Specifications

    Introduction and Specifications Electrical Specifications 1-44. Determining Non-sinusoidal Waveform Amplitude Specifications The rms value of the combination of voltage components is: ∑ and, assuming symmetrical uncertainties, , for each of Note that the uncertainties of the components of a 6100A non-sinusoidal voltage (or current) waveform are correlated so must be combined by linear addition.

  • Page 44: Apparent Power (S) Accuracy Calculations

    6100A Users Manual 1-46. Apparent Power (S) Accuracy Calculations For the purpose of calculation of apparent power (S) for non-sinusoidal outputs the following equations are used: ∑ ∑ To calculate the accuracy of apparent power (S), the amplitude accuracy specifications of voltage harmonic components must be combined as described in “Determining Non-Sinusoidal Waveform Amplitude Specifications”...

  • Page 45: Power (P) Accuracy Calculations

    Introduction and Specifications Electrical Specifications Accuracy contribution from the current 5 harmonic: 191ppm of 0.3 A+240 A = (0.3x0.000191)+0. 000240 = 0.000058+0.000240 = 0.000297 Modified by the sensitivity coefficient = 0. 000297x0.3 ÷ 7.041307 = 0.000013 A Combined current uncertainty: 001388 000037 000013...

  • Page 46: Power Example

    6100A Users Manual 1-49. Power Example Voltage channel output is 109 V on the 168 V range at 60 Hz with 3 harmonic at 15 V. The voltage 3 harmonic has 0 phase angle relative to the voltage fundamental. The current channel output is 7 A on the 10 A range at 60 Hz with 3 and 5 harmonics at 0.7 A and 0.3 A respectively.

  • Page 47: References

    Introduction and Specifications Electrical Specifications From: ∑ 3266 0905 1866 005045 1854 Watts 4171 4171 Power Accuracy 4171 1854 Watts 1-50. References 6100A and 6101A reactive power calculations are guided by the published work of Dr. Stefan Svensson: Svensson, S., (1999), Power Measurement Techniques for Nonsinusoidal Conditions, Chalmers Other pertinent papers are: Budeanu, C., (1927), "Reactive and fictitious powers", Rumanian National Institute, No.2.
  • Page 48 6100A Users Manual 1-26...

  • Page 49: Installation

    Chapter 2 Installation Title Page 2-1. Introduction..................... 2-3 2-2. Unpacking and Inspection ..............2-3 2-3. Reshipping the 6100A ................2-3 2-4. Placement and Rack Mounting ............... 2-3 2-5. Cooling Considerations................2-4 2-6. Line Voltage ................... 2-4 2-7. Connecting to Line Power ..............2-4 2-8.
  • Page 50 6100A Users Manual...

  • Page 51: Introduction

    (minimum 4 inches (100 mm) per side) to allow adequate ventilation. The 6100A and 6101A units can be rack mounted using Fluke part number 1887571. Details of the rack mounting kit and fitting instructions are provided with the kit. Note that the airflow through the 6100A is from left to right as viewed from the front.

  • Page 52: Cooling Considerations

    6100A Users Manual 2-5. Cooling Considerations WCaution Damage caused by overheating may occur if the area around the air intake is restricted, the intake air is too warm, or the air filter becomes clogged. The 6100A Electrical Power Standard must be at least 4 inches from nearby walls or rack enclosures on both sides.

  • Page 53: Connecting 6101A Auxiliary Units

    Installation Connecting 6101A Auxiliary units Country Fluke Line cord part number 1998167 Europe 1998171 Australia, New Zealand, China 1998198 USA, Japan 1998209 Other (no plug fitted) 1998211 2-8. Connecting 6101A Auxiliary units Each 6101A Auxiliary unit added to a 6100A Master provides an additional voltage and current phase.
  • Page 54 6100A Users Manual...

  • Page 55: Features

    Chapter 3 Features Title Page 3-1. Introduction..................... 3-3 3-2. Front Panel Features ................3-3 3-3. Windows™ User Interface ..............3-6 3-4. The main graphical user interface areas ..........3-6 3-5. Data entry from the front panel ............3-7 3-6. Data entry from an external keyboard and mouse ......3-8 3-7.
  • Page 56 6100A Users Manual...

  • Page 57: Introduction

    Features Introduction 3-1. Introduction This chapter is a reference for the functions and locations of the 6100A Electrical Power Standard’s front and rear panel features, and provides brief descriptions of each feature for quick access. Please read this information before operating the Electrical Power Standard. Front panel operating instructions for the Electrical Power Standard are provided in Chapter 4, and remote operating instructions are provided in Chapter 5.
  • Page 58 6100A Users Manual Table 3-1. Front Panel Features 1 Voltage Binding Posts The HI and LO Output Voltage Binding Posts provide connections for voltage outputs. The HI and LO Sense Binding Posts provide External Sensing for best accuracy. Two-wire sensing may be selected via the Global Settings Menu.
  • Page 59 Features Front Panel Features Table 3-1. Front Panel Features (continued) 13 NEXT CHAR key In text input mode (Alpha Lock LED lit), key text using a combination of the NEXT CHAR key and the AlphaNumeric keypad (15). This operates much in the manner of a cell ‘phone, allowing one alpha key to source more than one text character by being pressed repeatedly until the required character is displayed.

  • Page 60: Windows™ User Interface

    6100A Users Manual 3-3. Windows™ User Interface The user interface of the Electrical Power Standard has been implemented as a Windows program. This chapter gives a broad outline of the user interface. Chapter 4 contains detailed operational procedures. Figure 3-2. Graphical user interface 3-4.

  • Page 61: Data Entry From The Front Panel

    Features Windows™ User Interface Eight ‘Soft keys’ which act with the selected ‘menu’ appear across the bottom of the screen. In addition there are five ‘pop-up’ screens to load a previous set-up, to save the current set-up, to set date and time, to alter GPIB settings and an ‘about’ screen giving details of the GUI and embedded software.

  • Page 62: Data Entry From An External Keyboard And Mouse

    6100A Users Manual Navigating to a screen data ‘field’ or pop-down ‘combo'. Use the SELECT MENU key to move around the three menus on the page. When the required menu is highlighted (blue outline), use the TAB key to reach the field you require Use the softkeys that correspond to the required fields Selecting values from a pop-down ‘combo’...

  • Page 63: Output Channel Selection

    Features Windows™ User Interface Use the keyboard up, down, left and right arrow keys to ‘scroll’ the value to the required number. Use the left and right arrow keys to select the column of the current value and the up and down arrow keys to change the value. For example to change 123 to 163, first use the left and right keys until the 2 is highlighted, then use the up key (4 times) to set it to the required value.

  • Page 64: Rear Panel Features

    F LU KE C O R P O R AT I O N C ONNE CT E D TO S AFE TY E A RTH ( GR OUND ). www.fluke.com F OR CO NT INUE D P R OTE CT ION AGA INS T FIR E...
  • Page 65 This is a true mains isolating switch. Switch 2 Auxiliary Unit Connectors Connection to Auxiliary units via Fluke supplied cable. 3 Trigger Out Connector The Trigger Output Connector has a +5V CMOS logic drive providing a falling edge time marker intended to synchronize external equipment to the dip/swell function.
  • Page 66 6100A Users Manual Figure 3-7. Rear Panel Connections 3-12...

  • Page 67: Front Panel Operation

    Chapter 4 Front Panel Operation Title Page 4-1. Introduction..................... 4-3 4-2. Power up ....................4-3 4-3. Warm up ....................4-3 4-4. Basic Setup Procedures................4-4 4-5. Global settings ..................4-5 4-6. Frequency ................... 4-5 4-7. Line locking..................4-5 4-8. Harmonic edit mode ................4-5 4-9.
  • Page 68 6100A Users Manual 4-36. Dips and Swells ..................4-16 4-37. Definition.................... 4-16 4-38. Access to this function................ 4-17 4-39. 6100A Specification ................4-17 4-40. Setting up Dips/swells ................ 4-18 4-41. Flicker ..................... 4-19 4-42. Definition.................... 4-19 4-43. Access to this function................ 4-19 4-44.

  • Page 69: Introduction

    Front Panel Operation Introduction 4-1. Introduction This chapter provides instructions for operating the 6100A Electrical Power Standard from the front panel, which includes all aspects of setting up and configuring the 6100A Electrical Power Standard. Before you begin following the procedures in this chapter, you should be familiar with the front panel controls, displays, and terminals, which are identified and described in detail in Chapter 3.

  • Page 70: Basic Setup Procedures

    6100A Users Manual 4-4. Basic Setup Procedures Refer to Chapter 3 for an explanation of how to ‘navigate’ about the Windows user interface and how to set up text and numeric values. Figure 4-1. Main Setup Page When the 6100A start-up sequence is complete, the instrument's main setup page is displayed.

  • Page 71: Global Settings

    Front Panel Operation Global settings 4-5. Global settings Navigate to the Global Settings Menu using the SELECT MENU key. Figure 4-2. Global menu softkeys 4-6. Frequency Set the required output frequency. An attempt to set frequency outside the active band when any output is ON will cause an error message to be displayed.

  • Page 72: Reactive Power Calculation

    6100A Users Manual Harmonics entered as absolute RMS values. The RMS value of the output waveform increases as harmonics are added. Note that an error message will be generated if the peak value of the waveform exceeds the range maximum. 4-9.

  • Page 73: Soft Start

    Front Panel Operation Global settings Select the Terminals softkey and select 2 wire or 4-wire connection. Note that full accuracy is only available with a 4-wire connecting lead and 4-wire selected. Press ESC to return to the previous soft key level. Figure 4-6.

  • Page 74: Edit Mode

    6100A Users Manual The GPIB settings softkey allows Bus address, Event Status Enable (ESE) and Status Register Enable (SRE) and the Power On Status Clear (PON) values to be set. The About screen giving details of the GUI and embedded software and which if any options are fitted.

  • Page 75: Changes That Are Not Deferred

    Front Panel Operation Setting up voltage and current waveforms 4-18. Changes that are not deferred In deferred mode, changes to all fields are deferred with the following exceptions. Line Locking. Change of harmonic edit mode (e.g. Absolute RMS, % of RMS etc). Power calculation method.

  • Page 76: Harmonics, Dc And Sine

    6100A Users Manual Figure 4-7. Channel selection Note: a channel must be ‘enabled’ and the OPER key pressed for an output to appear at the binding posts. If the output is already on but the active channel is not enabled, pressing the Enable/Disable Channel softkey will cause the output to appear at the relevant binding posts.

  • Page 77: Sine/Harmonic Mode

    Front Panel Operation Harmonics, DC and Sine Note that selecting the lower bandwidth setting reduces the number of harmonics that can be set but increases inductive drive capability (see Chapter 1, paragraph 1-22). 4-24. Sine/harmonic mode Pressing the Enable/Disable Waveshape softkey toggles between Sine and Harmonics mode.

  • Page 78: Setting Up Harmonics And Dc

    6100A Users Manual Figure 4-10. Harmonics with frequency domain graph 4-25. Setting up harmonics and DC If the Global Settings are set to "percentage of RMS value", the fundamental amplitude is automatically adjusted as harmonics are added, in order to maintain the RMS value constant.
  • Page 79 Front Panel Operation Harmonics, DC and Sine To remove a single harmonic from the set-up, set its amplitude to 0% or use the Remove Harmonic softkey (see Figure 4-12). Figure 4-12. Softkeys for Harmonics second level Use the Enable/Disable Waveshape softkey to revert to the fundamental, leaving the harmonics available for re-application.

  • Page 80: Interharmonics

    6100A Users Manual 4-26. Interharmonics 4-27. Definition A frequency component of a periodic quantity (AC waveform) that is not an integer multiple of the frequency at which the system is operating (e.g., if the fundamental frequency is 60Hz, an 83Hz component in the waveform is an interharmonic). 4-28.

  • Page 81: Fluctuating Harmonics

    Front Panel Operation Fluctuating harmonics 4-31. Fluctuating harmonics 4-32. Definition Fluctuating harmonics are those that maintain their fixed harmonic relationship with the fundamental, but vary in amplitude over time. If all components of a waveform vary in amplitude over time, this is equivalent to Flicker. 4-33.

  • Page 82: Setting Up Fluctuating Harmonics

    6100A Users Manual 4-35. Setting up Fluctuating Harmonics It is only possible to set-up Fluctuating Harmonics properties for existing harmonics. Select ‘Edit Fluct Harmonics’ from the Waveform Menu softkeys. Figure 4-16. Softkeys for Fluctuating Harmonics Select the harmonic to that fluctuation is to be applied to using the ‘Previous Harmonic’, ‘Next Harmonic’...

  • Page 83: Access To This Function

    Front Panel Operation Dips and Swells 4-38. Access to this function Use the SELECT MENU key to navigate to the Waveform Menu and select Edit Dip from the Softkeys. Figure 4-18. Waveform Menu for Dip 4-39. 6100A Specification Trigger in requirement TTL falling edge remaining low for 10us at the Trigger input connector on the rear panel.

  • Page 84: Setting Up Dips/Swells

    6100A Users Manual 4-40. Setting up Dips/swells The Dip waveform menu has two sections: Waveshape and Trigger. Figure 4-19. Top level Dip softkeys Waveshape parameters The start of the dip/swell can be set to start after a delay (in seconds) or at a particular phase angle.

  • Page 85: Flicker

    Front Panel Operation Flicker External Repetitive The dip/swell is triggered by a single external low going trigger applied to the TRIGGER INPUT connector and repeats in ‘free running’ mode until stopped by a change to any dip/swell parameter. An output trigger is provided to control external equipment. This trigger appears on the TRIGGER OUTPUT connector on the rear of any 6100A or 6101A producing a dip or swell.

  • Page 86: 6100A Specification

    6100A Users Manual 4-44. 6100A Specification The implementation of Flicker is separated into two groups, Basic Functions and Extended Functions. The Basic Functions group allow the depth and frequency of rectangular and Sine to be chosen for calibration of Flickermeters at the settings in IEC 61000-4-15.

  • Page 87: Setting Up Basic Flicker

    Front Panel Operation Flicker 4-45. Setting up Basic Flicker Figure 4-23. Flicker Menu (Frequency) Figure 4-24. Flicker Menu (changes per minute) Select the Basic Functions softkey from the top level Ficker menu. The Flicker panel has three sections. The Modulation and Waveform panes set the modulation shape. The Flicker severity pane shows the Pst and Pinst values that the Flickermeter should display.

  • Page 88: Setting Up Flicker Extended Functions

    6100A Users Manual Figure 4-25. Basic Flicker Softkeys Use the ‘Enable/Disable Waveshape’ softkey on the top level Flicker softkeys to turn this function on or off from the Waveform Menu. Alternatively use the ‘Enable/Disable Flicker’ softkey in the Output menu. 4-46.

  • Page 89: Distorted Voltage With Multiple Zero Crossings

    Front Panel Operation Flicker 120V 230 V Change Fundamental Change to Fundamental Change to Change to frequency frequency frequency (Hz) frequenc voltage (V) voltage (V) (Hz) (Hz) y (Hz) 59.75 120.000 49.75 230.000 60.25 119.266 50.25 228.812 49.75 120.000 59.75 230.000 50.25 119.270...

  • Page 90: Harmonics With Side Bands

    6100A Users Manual The observed Pinst.max should be 1.00. 4-49. Harmonics with Side bands Figure 4-29. Harmonics with Side Bands The Harmonics with Side Bands Flicker function allows the input bandwidth of Flickermeters to be explored. The Fundamental frequency voltage waveform is modulated by two frequencies simultaneously.

  • Page 91: Phase Jumps

    Front Panel Operation Flicker 4-50. Phase Jumps Figure 4-30. Phase Jumps The Phase Jumps Flicker function causes a series of voltage channel phase jumps over a ten minute period. The phase jumps occur at the positive zero crossing at 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 7 minutes and 9 minutes after the end of the settling period.

  • Page 92: Copy And Paste

    6100A Users Manual 230 V 120 V Voltage Fundamental Fundamental Voltage fluctuation frequency frequency (Hz) fluctuation % (Hz) 1.418 2.126 1.480 2.017 The observed P should be 1.00. 4-52. Copy and Paste Each of the Waveform menus has ‘Copy’ and ‘Paste’ softkeys at the top level. 4-53.

  • Page 93: Remote Operation

    Chapter 5 Remote Operation Title Page 5-1. Introduction..................... 5-3 5-2. Using the IEEE-488 Port for Remote Control ........5-3 5-3. Programming Options................5-3 5-4. Capability Codes..................5-4 5-5. Bus Addresses..................5-4 5-6. Default bus address................5-5 5-7. Limited Access..................5-5 5-8.
  • Page 94 6100A Users Manual 5-50. Output Subsystem Command Details..........5-26 5-51. Input Subsystem Command Details ........... 5-27 5-52. Source Subsystem Command Details..........5-28 5-61. Extended flicker sub-system............... 5-36 5-75. Status Subsystem Command Details ..........5-44 5-76. System Subsystem Command Details ..........5-46 5-77.

  • Page 95: Introduction

    Remote Operation Introduction 5-1. Introduction The 6100A Electrical Power Standard is capable of operating under the remote control of an instrument controller, computer or terminal, as well as under the direct control from the front panel. The 6101A Auxiliary units can also be controlled remotely. But, in this case the remote control connection is still made to the 6100A Electrical Power Standard, which in turn communicates with the Auxiliary units.

  • Page 96: Capability Codes

    6100A Users Manual 5-4. Capability Codes To conform to the IEEE 488.1 standard specification, it is not essential for a device to encompass the full range of bus capabilities. For IEEE 488.2, the device must conform exactly to a specific subset of IEEE 488.1, with a minimal choice of optional capabilities.

  • Page 97: Default Bus Address

    Remote Operation Limited Access 5-6. Default bus address The default setting is 18. 5-7. Limited Access The 6100A Electrical Power Standard has three basic operating modes. Some of these modes only give limited support for remote control: Manual Mode - Remote operation is available for all of manual mode, but for ease of programming, some remote commands do not mirror front panel operations exactly.

  • Page 98: Programmed Transfer To Local Control (Gtl Or Ren False)

    6100A Users Manual 5-12. Programmed Transfer to Local Control (GTL or REN False) The application program can switch the instrument into ‘Local’ Control (by sending Command GTL, or by setting the REN line false), permitting a user to take manual control from the front panel.

  • Page 99: Message Exchange

    Remote Operation Message Exchange 5-15. Message Exchange 5-16. IEEE 488.2 Model Figure 5-2. IEEE 488 Message Exchange Model The IEEE 488.2 Standard document illustrates its Message Exchange Control Interface model at the detail level required by the device designer. Much of the information at this level of interpretation (such as the details of the internal signal paths etc.) is transparent to the application programmer.

  • Page 100: Incoming Commands And Queries

    6100A Users Manual 5-18. Incoming Commands and Queries The Input Buffer is a first in, first out queue, which has a maximum capacity of 1024 bytes (characters). Each incoming character in the I/O Control generates an interrupt to the instrument processor, which places it in the Input Buffer for examination by the Parser.

  • Page 101: Query Error

    Remote Operation Retrieval of Device Status Information 5-21. ‘Query Error’ This is an indication that the application program is following an inappropriate message exchange protocol, resulting in the Interrupted, Unterminated or Deadlocked condition: Refer to 'Bit 2' in Event Status Register (5-10.). The Standard document defines the instrument’s response, part of which is to set true bit 2 (QYE) of the Standard defined Event Status register.

  • Page 102: Ieee 488 And Scpi Standard Defined Features

    6100A Users Manual 5-27. IEEE 488 and SCPI Standard defined Features Figure 5-3. IEEE-488 and SCPI Standard Defined Features 5-10...

  • Page 103: Status Summary Information And Srq

    Remote Operation Retrieval of Device Status Information 5-28. Status Summary Information and SRQ The Status Byte consists of four 'summary' bits which notify events in the 8 bit latched IEEE-488.2 defined ‘Event Status Register’ (ESB), the two 16 bit latched SCPI defined registers (OSS &...

  • Page 104: Instrument Status Reporting Ieee 488.2 Basics

    6100A Users Manual Subsequent Action Thus the application programmer can enable any assigned event to cause an SRQ, or not. The controller can be programmed to read the Status Byte, using a serial poll to read the Status Byte register and the true summary bit (ESB or MAV).

  • Page 105: Reading The Status Byte Register

    Remote Operation Instrument Status Reporting IEEE 488.2 Basics device. The ESB bit is true when the byte in the ESR contains one or more enabled bits which are true; or false when all the enabled bits in the byte are false.
  • Page 106 6100A Users Manual The ‘Event Status Register’ bits are named in mnemonic form as follows: Bit 0 Operation Complete (OPC). This bit is true only if *OPC has been programmed and all selected pending operations are complete. As the instrument operates in serial mode, its usefulness is limited to registering the completion of long operations, such as self test.

  • Page 107: Standard Event Status Enable Register

    Remote Operation Instrument Status Reporting IEEE 488.2 Basics Bit 6 User Request (URQ). This bit is not used. It is always set false. Bit 7 Instrument Power Supply On (PON). This bit is set true only when the Line Power has just been switched on to the instrument.

  • Page 108: Reading The Standard Event Enable Register

    6100A Users Manual 5-40. Reading the Standard Event Enable Register The common query: ESE? reads the binary number in the ESE register. The response is a decimal number, which is the sum of the binary-weighted values in the register. 5-41. The Error Queue As errors in the instrument are detected, they are placed in a 'first in, first out' queue, called the 'Error Queue'.

  • Page 109: Scpi Programming Language

    Remote Operation SCPI Programming Language. 5-46. SCPI Programming Language. Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments (SCPI) is an instrument command language which goes beyond IEEE 488.2 to address a wide variety of instrument functions in a standard manner. IEEE 488.2 defines sets of Mandatory Common Commands and Optional Common Commands along with a method of Standard Status Reporting.

  • Page 110: Scpi Commands And Syntax

    6100A Users Manual 5-47. SCPI Commands and Syntax 5-48. SCPI Command Summary Keyword Parameter Form Notes CALibration :SECure :PASSword <spd> Used to enter calibration mode: Requires calibration password. :EXIT Used to exit calibration mode. :PHASe<x> <x> is phase (1 to 4): 1 is master phase. :VOLTage :RANGe <dnpd>, <dnpd>...
  • Page 111 Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax Keyword Parameter Form Notes :CURRent :RANGe <dnpd>, <dnpd> Calibration range: <dnpd> = Low limit, High limit. :RANGe? [<cpd> {LOW | HIGH}] Calibration range query. :VOLTage <dpnd>, <dpnd> <dnpd> = low limit, high limit. :VOLTage(?) [<cpd>{ LOW | HIGH }] :UNIT? Response is VOLT (voltage) or CURR (current).
  • Page 112 6100A Users Manual INPut :DIP :TRIGger [No query form] [SOURce] :FREQuency(?) <dnpd> :LINE(?) <bool> {OFF | ON | 0 | 1} :LOCKed? :PHASe<x> <x> is phase (1 to 4). 1 is master phase. :FITTed(?) :SERial? Serial number of phase. :POWer [:WATTs]? :VA? :PFACtor?
  • Page 113 Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax :DUTY(?) <dnpd> :IHARmonics [:STATe](?) <bool>{OFF|ON|0|1} :SIGNal<y> <bool>{OFF|ON|0|1}[,<dnpd>,<dnpd>] <y> = signal (1 or 2). <dnpd> = Amplitude, Frequency. :SIGNal<y>? [<cpd>{ STATe | AMPLitude | FREQuency }] :DIP [:STATe](?) <bool>{OFF|ON|0|1} :ENVelope <dnpd>,<dnpd>,<dnpd>,<dnpd>,<dnpd> <dnpd> = Change to, Ramp in, Duration, Ramp out,...
  • Page 114 6100A Users Manual :BANDwidth(?) [<cpd>{NORMAL | LOW}] :MHARmonics [:STATe](?) <bool>{OFF|ON|0|1} :CLEar :AMPLitude(?) <dnpd> <dnpd> = RMS amplitude. :HARMonic<y> <dnpd>,<dnpd> <y> is harmonic number. <dnpd> = Amplitude, Phase. Note: amplitude absolute or % depending on value of UNIT:MHAR:... :AMPLitude(?) <dnpd> :PANGle(?) <dnpd>...
  • Page 115 Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax :FLICker [:STATe](?) <bool>{ OFF|ON|0|1 } :FREQuency(?) <dnpd> :UNIT(?) <cpd> [HZ | CPM] :DEPTh(?) <dnpd> :UNIT(?) <cpd> [HZ | CPM] :PST? Deprecated :SHAPe(?) <cpd>{ RECTangular | SINusoidal | SQUare} :DUTY(?) <dnpd> STATus :OPERation [:EVENt]? Query only. :ENABle(?) <dnpd>...

  • Page 116: Calibration Subsystem Command Details

    6100A Users Manual 5-49. Calibration Subsystem Command Details This subsystem is used to calibrate the functions and hardware ranges of the 6100A. This will correct for any system errors due to drift or ageing effects. Before any adjustments can take place, access to calibration must be enabled. There is a switch (on the rear panel of the 6100A, marked CALIBRATION) that must be set to ENABLE.
  • Page 117 Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax The subsequent (and optional) <dnpd>'s correspond to the fundamental frequency, harmonic number, absolute amplitude and phase angle of this point. These parameters allow the target point itself to be moved. In practice, the factory set target defaults should not require modification, so the non-optional form of the command should be all that is required.

  • Page 118: Output Subsystem Command Details

    6100A Users Manual 5-50. Output Subsystem Command Details OUTPut[:STATe](?) <bool>{OFF|ON|0|1} This command turns the instrument’s output on or off, dependent upon the individual Voltage and Current channel output settings of each phase. ON or 1 will set the output on. OFF or 0 will set the output off.

  • Page 119: Input Subsystem Command Details

    Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax [SOURce]:OUTPut:RCLOCk(?) <dnpd> This command allows a signal derived from the internal master oscillator to be routed to the rear panel. The following values are accepted: 0.0 - disable reference out signal. 10e6 - set reference out to 10MHz. 20e6 - set reference out to 20MHz.

  • Page 120: Source Subsystem Command Details

    6100A Users Manual 5-52. Source Subsystem Command Details 5-53. General Commands SOURce:FREQuency(?) <dnpd> This command is used to set the fundamental frequency for all voltage and current channels on all phases. The <dnpd> is a number, which sets the required fundamental frequency, expressed in Hz.
  • Page 121 Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax SOURce:PHASe<x>:POWer:BUDeanu? [<cpd>{ P | S | Q | D }] This command is a query only. The default (no parameter) version will return all of the components from a calculation of the Phase’s Power according to Budeanu in comma separated format, in the order P, S, Q, D.

  • Page 122: Voltage Setup

    6100A Users Manual SOURce:PHASe<x>:POWer:SHARon? [<cpd>{ P | S | SQ | SC }] This command is a query only. The default (no parameter) version will return all of the components from a calculation of the Phase’s Power according to Sharon & Czarnecki in comma separated format, in the order P, S, Sq, Sc.

  • Page 123: Dc And Harmonics Phenomenon

    Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax SOURce:PHASe<x>:VOLTage:RANGe? [<cpd>{ LOW | HIGH }] The default version will return the low and high limits of the presently selected range, comma separated. Add the appropriate optional parameter to query just one of these values.

  • Page 124: Fluctuating Harmonics Phenomenon

    6100A Users Manual SOURce:PHASe<x>:VOLTage:MHARmonics:ALL? [<cpd>{ AMPLitude | PANGle }] This query returns the amplitude (in the presently selected voltage amplitude units), and phase angle (in the presently selected phase angle units) of all harmonics on the specified phase as a comma separated list. Add the appropriate optional parameter to query just one of these values.

  • Page 125: Interharmonics Phenomenon

    Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax SOURce:PHASe<x>:VOLTage:FHARmonics:MODulation <dnpd>,<dnpd> This command sets the specified phase’s voltage channel fluctuating harmonics modulation parameters. The first parameter is the modulation depth (expressed as a percentage of the voltage waveform RMS amplitude). The second parameter is the required modulation frequency (expressed in Hertz).

  • Page 126: Dip Phenomenon

    6100A Users Manual 5-59. Dip Phenomenon SOURce:PHASe<x>:VOLTage:DIP:STATe(?) <bool>{OFF|ON|0|1} This command turns the specified Phase’s Voltage channel Dip phenomena on and off. ON or 1 will set the specified Dip to be applied. OFF or 0 will set the specified Dip to be removed. The query command will return 1 if Dip is applied, or 0 if Dip is inactive.

  • Page 127: Flicker Phenomenon

    Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax 5-60. Flicker Phenomenon SOURce:PHASe<x>:VOLTage:FLICker:STATe(?) <bool>{OFF|ON|0|1} This command turns the specified Phase’s Voltage channel flicker phenomena on and off. ON or 1 will enable flicker on this phase’s voltage channel. OFF or 0 will disable flicker on this phase’s voltage channel. The query command will return 1 if flicker is applied, or 0 if flicker is inactive.

  • Page 128: Extended Flicker Sub-System

    6100A Users Manual SOURce:PHASe<x>:VOLTage:FLICker:DUTY(?) <dnpd> This command sets the specified phase’s voltage channel flicker duty cycle value for rectangular modulation. The query command will return the present duty cycle value. The returned number will be in standard scientific format (10.55 would be returned as 1.055E1). 5-61.

  • Page 129: Select Sideband Harmonic

    Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax 5-64. Select sideband harmonic [SOURce]:PHASe<x>:VOLTage:EFLicker:HSIDeband:HARMonic(?) <dnpd> Select the distorting harmonic to use when generating the ‘harmonics with side-band test’ signal. Value range: 3-99. Value default: 3. Note: This value is only applied when ‘HSIDeband’ is selected using the ‘:EFLicker:CONFigure’...

  • Page 130: Report Phase Jump Elapsed Time

    6100A Users Manual Stage 6 – End sequence at 10 minutes elapsed. Note: query only. 5-68. Report phase jump elapsed time [SOURce]:PHASe<x>:VOLTage:EFLicker:PJUMp:ELAPsed? Report the elapsed time since the phase jump sequence started as: Minutes, Seconds. Note: query only. 5-69. Current Setup SOURce:PHASe<x>:CURRent:STATe(?) <bool>{OFF|ON|0|1} This command turns the specified phase’s current channel enabled or disabled.

  • Page 131: Harmonics Phenomenon

    Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax SOURce:PHASe<x>:CURRent:RANGe:VOLTage? [<cpd>{ LOW | HIGH }] The default version will return the low and high limits of the presently selected range, comma separated. Add the appropriate optional parameter to query just one of these values.

  • Page 132: Fluctuating Harmonics Phenomenon

    6100A Users Manual SOURce:PHASe<x>:CURRent:MHARmonic:HARMonic<y>? [<cpd>{ AMPLitude | PANGle }] This query returns the amplitude (in the presently selected current amplitude units), and phase angle (in the presently selected phase angle units) of the specified harmonic on the specified phase. Add the appropriate optional parameter to query just one of these values. SOURce:PHASe<x>:CURRent:MHARmonics:HARMonic<y>:AMPLitude? This query returns the amplitude (in the presently selected Current amplitude Units of the specified harmonic on the specified phase.

  • Page 133: Interharmonics Phenomenon

    Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax SOURce:PHASe<x>:CURRent:FHARmonics:CLEar This command clears the modulation of harmonics associated with this phase's current. It does not have a query form. SOURce:PHASe<x>:CURRent:FHARmonics:FLUCtuate<y>(?)<bool>{OFF|ON|0|1} This command turns on/off the fluctuation of harmonic y on the Current channel of Phase The query command will return 1 if the specified harmonic is being fluctuated, or 0 if the specified harmonic is not being fluctuated.

  • Page 134: Dip Phenomenon

    6100A Users Manual SOURce:PHASe<x>:CURRent:IHARmonics:SIGNal<y> <bool>{OFF|ON|0|1}[,<dnpd>,<dnpd>] This command sets the specified interharmonics parameters. The <bool> parameter controls whether the inter-harmonic is active or not. The two optional <dnpd> parameters are numbers, which set the required amplitude (expressed in amps), and the required frequency (expressed in Hertz).

  • Page 135: Flicker Phenomenon

    Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax SOURce:PHASe<x>:CURRent:DIP:TRIGger:INPut(?) <cpd>{ FREE | EONE | EREPeat} This command sets and queries the trigger mode used to determine the event that starts the dip or swell. FREE is used for free running dips/swells. EONE is used to produce one dips/swell triggered from an external source. EREPeat is used to produce continuous dips/swells triggered from an external source.

  • Page 136: Status Subsystem Command Details

    6100A Users Manual [SOURce]:PHASe<x>:CURRent:FLICKer:FREQuency:UNIT(?) <cpd> { HZ | CPM } This command selects the units for change rate: Hz - will set the change rate to Hertz. CPM - set the change rate to Changes per Minute. The query command will return HZ or CPM. Note: On changing the units, the change rate will return to its default value of 1 CPM or 0.5 Hz depending on the unit selected.
  • Page 137 Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax STATus:OPERational:CONDition? This query only command returns the contents of the Operation Condition register, which is not cleared by the command. N. B. This register contains transient states, in that its bits are not 'sticky', but are set and reset by the referred operations. The response to the query therefore represents an instantaneous 'Snapshot' of the register state, at the time that the query was accepted.

  • Page 138: System Subsystem Command Details

    6100A Users Manual 5-76. System Subsystem Command Details SYSTem:ERRor? As errors in the 6100A are detected, they are placed in a 'first in, first out' queue, called the 'Error Queue'. This queue conforms to the format described in the SCPI Command Reference (Volume 2), although errors only are detected.
  • Page 139 Remote Operation SCPI Commands and Syntax UNIT:MHARmonics:CURRurrent(?) <cpd>{PRMS|PFUN|DBF|ABS } This command selects the specified harmonics amplitude units for current. PRMS will set the units to be ‘Percentage of RMS Current' amplitude. PFUN will set the units to be ‘Percentage of Fundamental' amplitude. DBF will set the units to be ‘dB down from Fundamental' amplitude.

  • Page 140: Common Commands And Queries

    6100A Users Manual 5-78. Common Commands and Queries 5-79. Clear Status This measurement event status data structure conforms to the IEEE 488.2 standard requirements for this structure. Figure 5-4. Clear Status CLS clears all the event registers and queues except the output queue. The output queue and MAV bit will be cleared if CLS immediately follows a 'Program Message Terminator';...

  • Page 141: Recall Event Status Enable

    Remote Operation Common Commands and Queries 5-81. Recall Event Status Enable This event status data structure conforms to the IEEE 488.2 standard requirements for this structure. Figure 5-6. Event Status Enable Query Execution Errors: None Power On and Reset Conditions The Power On condition depends on the condition stored by the common PSC command if 0 then it is not cleared;...

  • Page 142: Idn? (Instrument Identification)

    IDN? will recall the instrument’s manufacturer, model number, serial number and firmware level. Response Format: Character position Fluke Ltd,6100A,XXXXXXXXXXXX,X.XX Where: The data contained in the response consists of four comma-separated fields, the last two of which are instrument-dependent. The data element type is defined in the IEEE 488.2 standard specification.

  • Page 143: Operation Complete?

    Remote Operation Common Commands and Queries 5-85. Operation Complete? This query conforms to the IEEE 488.2 standard requirements. Figure 5-10. Operation Complete Query Response Decode: The value returned is always 1, which is placed in the output queue when all pending operations are complete.

  • Page 144: Power-On Status Clear

    6100A Users Manual 5-87. Power-On Status Clear This common command conforms to the IEEE 488.2 standard requirements. Figure 5-12. Power On Status Clear PSC sets the flag controlling the clearing of defined registers at Power On. Nrf is a decimal numeric value which, when rounded to an integer value of zero, sets the power on clear flag false.

  • Page 145: Reset

    Remote Operation Common Commands and Queries Execution Errors: None Power On and Reset Conditions No change. This data is saved in non-volatile memory at power off, for use at power on. 5-89. Reset Figure 5-14. Reset *RST will reset the instrument to a defined condition, stated for each applicable command with the command's description, and listed in 'Device Settings at Power On'.

  • Page 146: Recall Service Request Enable

    6100A Users Manual 5-91. Recall Service Request Enable This Status Byte data structure conforms to the IEEE 488.2 standard requirements for this structure. Figure 5-16. Service Request Enable Query *SRE? recalls the enable mask for the standard defined events. Response Decode: The value returned, when converted to base 2 (binary), identifies the enabled bits that will generate a service request.

  • Page 147: Test Operations - Full Selftest

    Remote Operation Common Commands and Queries 5-93. Test Operations — Full Selftest This query conforms to the IEEE 488.2 standard requirements. Figure 5-18. Test Query *TST? executes a Full selftest. A response is generated after the test is completed. N. B. Operational selftest is valid only at temperatures: 23 C 10 C. Response Decode: The value returned identifies pass or failure of the operational selftest: ZERO indicates operational selftest complete with no errors detected.

  • Page 148: Device Settings After *Rst

    6100A Users Manual 5-95. Device settings after *RST 5-96. Introduction *RST will reset the instrument to a defined condition, stated for each applicable command. The reset condition is not dependent on past use history of the instrument except as noted below: *RST does not affect the following: The selected address of the instrument.

  • Page 149: Device Settings At Power On

    Remote Operation Device Settings at POWER ON 5-97. Device Settings at POWER ON 5-98. General Active Mode: The instrument powers up in 'manual' mode. Device I/D (Serial Number). Factory serial number preserved. Status Reporting Conditions: Status Byte Register. Depends on state of *PSC. Status Byte Enable Register.

  • Page 150: Rst Settings Related To Common Ieee 488.2 Commands

    6100A Users Manual 5-100. *RST Settings Related to Common IEEE 488.2 Commands Program Coding Condition *CLS Not applicable *ESE Nrf Not applicable *ESE? Previous state preserved *ESR? Previous state preserved *IDN? No Change *OPC OPIC state forced *OPC? OPIQ state forced *OPT? Not applicable *PSC...

  • Page 151: Rst Settings Related To Scpi Commands

    Remote Operation Device Settings at POWER ON 5-101. *RST Settings Related to SCPI Commands Setting Value following *RST OUTPut :STATe ROSCillator :STATe :SENSe Last set manually :DEFer :STATe :OUTPut :RAMP Unchanged :RCLock :VOLTage :NLIMit Unchanged SOURce :FREQuency Last set manually :LINE :PHASe<x>...
  • Page 152 6100A Users Manual Setting Value following *RST HOLDoff: DEL, 0.0 ODELay: :FLICker :STATe :FREQuency 13.5 Hz :DEPTh 0.402 :SHAPe SQUare :EFLicker [:STATe](?) 0 or ‘OFF’ :CONFiguration(?) ‘PF’ :HSIDeband :HARMonic(?) :PJUMp :SPERiod(?) ‘OFF’ :ANGLe(?) 30.0 :CURRent :STATe :RANGe 0.1 1 :AMPLitude :UNIT? CURR :MHARmonics...

  • Page 153: Worked Examples

    Remote Operation Worked examples Setting Value following *RST :FLICker :STATe :FREQuency 13.5 Hz :DEPTh 0.402 :SHAPe SQUare :UNIT :ANGLe Last set manually :MHARmonics :CURRent Last set manually :VOLTage Last set manually :DIP :TIME Last set manually. :FLICker :CURRent Last set manually. :VOLTage Last set manually.
  • Page 154 6100A Users Manual Setup Phase 1 (master) voltage range. SOUR:PHAS1:VOLT:RANG 23,336 Fundamental amplitude and angle. SOUR:PHAS1:VOLT:MHAR:HARM1 115,0 Setup the fundamental frequency. SOUR:FREQ 60 Enable voltage output on this phase. SOUR:PHAS1:VOLT:STAT ON Set output to on (all phases). OUTP:STAT ON Example 2. Configure a master unit to output a sinusoidal signal of 60 Hz, 115 V RMS, containing no aberrations, and no phase shifts.
  • Page 155 Remote Operation Worked examples Set amplitude (in absolute units). SOUR:PHAS1:CURR:MHAR:HARM1 1,0 Setup frequency. SOUR:FREQ 60 Set flicker wave shape to sine. SOUR:PHAS1:CURR:FLIC:SHAP SIN Set flicker frequency. SOUR:PHAS1:CURR:FLIC:FREQ 25 Set flicker depth. SOUR:PHAS1:CURR:FLIC:DEPT 20 Enable flicker. SOUR:PHAS1:CURR:FLIC:STAT ON Enable current output (phase 1). SOUR:PHAS1:CURR:STAT ON Set output to on (all phases).
  • Page 156 6100A Users Manual Ensure Output is off. OUTP:STAT OFF Set voltage units to absolute. UNIT:MHAR:VOLT ABS Set current units to absolute. UNIT:MHAR:CURR ABS Setup frequency. SOUR:FREQ 60 Setup phase 1 (master) voltage range. SOUR:PHAS1:VOLT:RANG 23,336 Set Amplitude (in absolute units). SOUR:PHAS1:VOLT:MHAR:HARM1 110,0 Setup phase 1 (master) current range.
  • Page 157 Remote Operation Worked examples Setup Phase 1 (master) voltage range. SOUR:PHAS1:VOLT:RANG 1.1,16 Enable main harmonics (needed for DC). SOUR:PHAS1:VOLT:MHAR:STAT ON RMS amplitude (to remove fundemetal). SOUR:PHAS1:VOLT:MHAR:AMPL 0 DC amplitude (will calculate new RMS). SOUR:PHAS1:VOLT:MHAR:HARM0 5,0 Setup the fundamental frequency. SOUR:FREQ 60 Enable voltage output on this phase.
  • Page 158 6100A Users Manual 5-66...

  • Page 159: Operator Maintenance

    Chapter 6 Operator Maintenance Title Page 6-1. Introduction..................... 6-3 6-2. Confidence Test ..................6-3 6-3. Setting up and running the Confidence Test ........6-3 6-4. Changing the user password ..............6-4 6-5. Accessing the Fuse.................. 6-4 6-6. Cleaning the Air Filter ................6-6 6-7.
  • Page 160 6100A Users Manual...

  • Page 161: Introduction

    Operator Maintenance Introduction 6-1. Introduction This chapter explains how to perform the routine user maintenance required to keep your 6100A Power Standard in optimal operating condition. The topics covered in this chapter include the following. Changing the user password Running the Confidence Test Replacing the fuse Cleaning the air filter and external surfaces Calibration is discussed in chapter 7...

  • Page 162: Changing The User Password

    1. Disconnect line power. 2. Using a standard screwdriver, turn the fuse holder counterclockwise until the cap and fuse are disengaged. Always replace with the approved fuse shown below Fluke part number and description: 1998159 T15AH 250V 32mm Fuse manufacturer and part number:...
  • Page 163 Operator Maintenance Accessing the Fuse Figure 6-2. Rear Panel Showing Fuse...

  • Page 164: Cleaning The Air Filter

    6100A Users Manual 6-6. Cleaning the Air Filter WCaution Damage caused by overheating may occur if the area around the fan is restricted, the intake air is too warm, or the air filter becomes clogged. The air filter must be removed and cleaned at least every 30 days or more frequently if the 6100A Power Standard is operated in a dusty environment.
  • Page 165 Operator Maintenance Cleaning the Air Filter Figure 6-3. Air Filter Access...

  • Page 166: Lithium Battery Replacement

    The PC within this instrument is fitted with a lithium battery (3V, 180mAH, CR2023 coin cell). Battery life should exceed 10 years. After this the PC setup and date information may be lost. The battery should be replaced with a UL approved equivalent authorized technical personnel by Fluke...

  • Page 167: Calibration

    Equipment required................. 7-5 7-10. Overview of 6100A signal generation ............ 7-6 7-11. Independence of 6100A and 6101A ........... 7-6 7-12. The Fluke service center calibration system ........... 7-8 7-13. Characteristics of the calibration system ..........7-10 7-14. Transducers ..................7-10 7-15.
  • Page 168 6100A Users Manual...

  • Page 169: Calibration Methods

    Calibration Calibration methods 7-1. Calibration methods 7-2. Amplitude measurements Rigorous type testing of the 6100A has shown that when the phase and gain of each voltage or current channel are correctly adjusted, all other specifications will be met. Consequently, calibration of 6100A/6101A can be achieved with sinusoidal signals. Users should be aware however that the 6100A is optimized for use with sampling measurement instruments.

  • Page 170: Calibration Uncertainties For Full Accuracy

    6100A Users Manual Table 7-1. The contribution of phase uncertainty to power accuracy Phase uncertainty PF = 1.0 PF = 0.75 PF = 0.5 PF = 0.25 0.0008 0.000% 0.001% 0.002% 0.005% 0.050 0.000% 0.077% 0.151% 0.338% 7-5. Calibration uncertainties for full accuracy The uncertainties of measurement required to achieve the full specification of the 6100A are below.

  • Page 171: Equipment Required

    7-9. Equipment required Two lists of equipment are provided, for two different methods of calibrating the 6100A. The “Fluke method” is used within the Fluke Service Centers, and has measurement uncertainties which support the full specifications of the 6100A Two lists of equipment are provided. The alternative, non-Fluke service centre method will not achieve full 6100A specified accuracy, particularly for phase and power accuracy.

  • Page 172: Overview Of 6100A Signal Generation

    7-10. Overview of 6100A signal generation An overview of the 6100A signal generation system will aid further discussion off the Fluke method of calibration. An Electrical Power Standard ‘system’ consists of a 6100A to provide a single phase of voltage and current plus up to three 6101A auxiliaries. The voltage and current channels are independent of each other for amplitude but are linked by a common internal ‘Phase...
  • Page 173 Calibration Overview of 6100A signal generation Samples from the digitally generated signal Phase shifted analog output Phase Reference Figure 7-1. Signal generation The objective of phase calibration adjustment is to remove the phase offset between the Phase Reference and the analogue output signal. Figure 7-2 shows the digitally sampled waveform phase shifted to align the analogue output to the Phase Reference.

  • Page 174: The Fluke Service Center Calibration System

    Phase Reference set to an appropriate nonzero value. 7-12. The Fluke service center calibration system As described in section 7-11 above, the Fluke calibration system independently compares a voltage or current channel to the system phase reference. Fourier Analysis of sampled analogue signals yield amplitude and phase information which is used for calibration and adjustment.
  • Page 175 Calibration The Fluke service center calibration system The Sample Reference and the Phase Reference signals are provided on the 6100A rear panel. Figure 7-4 shows the relationship between reference signals and the analog output. The Sample reference is turned OFF and ON with GPIB commands. Sample Reference pulses do not appear after an ON command until the positive zero crossing of the Phase Reference occurs.

  • Page 176: Characteristics Of The Calibration System

    Transducers are used to convert the different 6100A output voltage and current levels to nominally 800 mV. The DMM , a Fluke HP3458A/HFL with extended memory option is used on its 1.2 volt DC range for all measurements to reduce the relative phase uncertainty contribution from the DMM, i.e., errors in the DMM are the same for voltage...

  • Page 177: Dmm Amplitude Phase Contributions

    0.1802 7-17. Voltage to voltage phase uncertainty In Fluke service center systems errors are compensated by the application of corrections. The uncertainty due to the short-term stability of the DMM and measurement noise, plus the uncertainty due to voltage and current transducers must be combined with these values but these at typically 0.00023 are negligible.

  • Page 178: Calibration Adjustment Process

    6100A Users Manual 7-20. Calibration adjustment process The 6100A Electrical Power Standard can be adjusted in the software configuration. Select Support Functions/Adjust Instrument. Figure 7-5. Waveform menu softkeys 7-21. Entering calibration mode To make calibration adjustments, the 6100A (or 6101A) calibration switch must be in the ‘Enable’...

  • Page 179: Select Instrument Configuration

    Calibration Calibration adjustment process 7-22. Select instrument configuration Figure 7-7. Adjust Instrument Screen Select the instrument (L1, L2 etc.) and channel to be adjusted via the Output Menu Select the required range Select the required Target For voltage calibration, ensure 4-wire is selected. Note that line locking is disabled when calibration mode is entered.

  • Page 180: Initiate The Adjustment

    6100A Users Manual 7-24. Initiate the adjustment Press Accept adjustment. The 6100A/6101A instrument stores the amplitude and phase calibration constants. After allowing the 6100A/6101A and measurement equipment time to settle: If the residual errors are within limits, report the amplitude and phase values to the calibration certificate.

  • Page 181: Calibration Adjustment Verification Record

    Calibration Calibration adjustment verification record 7-27. Calibration adjustment verification record 7-28. Voltage adjustment points Measurement Combined Combined Std. Deviation verification verification Range Frequency Harmonic Setting 6100A/ 6101A Result tolerance (high) tolerance (low) (volts) (Hz) number contribution 1.1 – 16 DC offset 0.9 mV 1.1 –...

  • Page 182: Current Adjustment Points

    6100A Users Manual 7-29. Current adjustment points 6100A/ 6101A Measurement Combined Combined Range Frequency Harmonic contribution Std. Deviation verification verification Setting Result (Amps) (Hz) number tolerance (high) tolerance (low) 0.05 – 0.25 DC offset 10 A 0.05 – 0.25 Amplitude 0.2 A 13 A Phase...

  • Page 183: Current Adjustment Points For 80A Option (If Fitted)

    Calibration Calibration adjustment verification record 7-30. Current adjustment points for 80A option (if fitted) 6100A/ 6101A Measurement Combined Combined Range Frequency Harmonic contribution Std. Deviation verification verification Setting Result (Amps) (Hz) number tolerance (high) tolerance (low) 8 – 0.80 Amplitude 64 A 8 mA Phase...
  • Page 184 6100A Users Manual 7-18...

  • Page 185: The 'Energy' Option

    Chapter 8 The ‘Energy’ Option Title Page 8-1. Introduction..................... 8-3 8-2. Overview of functionality ............... 8-3 8-3. Principle of operation................8-3 8-4. Limitations ....................8-3 8-5. Energy specifications................8-4 8-6. Pulse Inputs ..................8-4 8-7. Pulse and Gate Inputs ................. 8-4 8-8.
  • Page 186 6100A Users Manual 8-36. Test sequence tree................8-14 8-37. Test duration..................8-15 8-38. Test pulse source ................8-15 8-39. MUT tree .................... 8-15 8-40. MUT meter constant................8-15 8-41. Input Debounce .................. 8-16 8-42. MUT source..................8-16 8-43. MUT pull-up..................8-16 8-44.

  • Page 187: Introduction

    The ‘Energy’ Option Introduction 8-1. Introduction This chapter describes the 6100A Power Standard ‘Energy’ option. The topics covered in this chapter include the following: The Energy option specifications Front panel operation of the Energy option Remote operation of the Energy option Calibration of the Energy option 8-2.

  • Page 188: Energy Specifications

    6100A Users Manual 8-5. Energy specifications 8-6. Pulse Inputs Max frequency 5MHz (100Hz for debounced inputs) Min pulse width 50ns Max counts per channel -1 (4,294,967,295) 8-7. Pulse and Gate Inputs Input Low level max Input High level min Internal pull-up values 135 and 940 to 4.5V nominal (Approximately equivalent to 150 /1k to 5V nominal) Max input voltage...

  • Page 189: Test Duration

    The ‘Energy’ Option Preparing to use the energy option 8-11. Test Duration Maximum test duration 1000 hours 8-12. Preparing to use the energy option Set the voltage and current output combinations for L1 (and L2 and L3) as required for the test.

  • Page 190: Input Channel Configuration And Meter Constants

    6100A Users Manual accumulated from that channel since the start of the warm-up or test, the reference source against which the error is calculated, the energy accumulated from that reference source over the MUT measurement period, and the calculated error of the MUT relative to the reference.

  • Page 191: Internal Pull-Ups

    The ‘Energy’ Option Test modes Note that the 6100A provides various methods of specifying Reactive (VAR) power for non-sinusoidal output waveforms. The 6100A Energy option always uses the Budeanu method to calculate errors when ‘Main Output’ is the reference. If the reference source is an external reference meter, then calculation will be dependent upon the method used by the reference meter.

  • Page 192: Free Run Mode

    6100A Users Manual Note Although the output, global and energy option menu settings can be changed when `maintain voltage' is active, it is not possible to edit a phenomena's settings without pressing STBY (standby) first. Figure 8-4. Energy top-level softkeys There are four test modes available.

  • Page 193: Gated Mode

    The ‘Energy’ Option Test modes If duration is specified as energy from MUT or Reference channels, then the system will accumulate at least this amount of energy on the specified channel(s) to the next whole pulse period. Only whole pulse periods are allowed. One pulse period is the duration between two pulses from a MUT or Reference.

  • Page 194: Packet Mode

    6100A Users Manual the period before the gate signal becomes active. The count displayed by the 6100A accurately reports the pulses received during the time the gate is active. 8-23. Packet mode In Packet mode, the power from the main output terminals is timed to deliver the requested amount of energy.

  • Page 195: Operating Mode

    The ‘Energy’ Option SCPI command set 8-26. Operating mode ENERgy:MODE(?) <cpd> { TCOUnt|PACKet|GATE|FRUN } This command selects the operating mode for the energy counter/timer option. On receiving an ‘operate’ request (‘:OUTPut ON’), the selected operating mode will count or time the pulse streams seen on the selected inputs. TCOUnt Counted/Timed mode.

  • Page 196: Result Presentation

    6100A Users Manual APParent Apparent power (VAh). REACtive Reactive power (VARh). 8-29. Result presentation ENERgy:PRESentation(?) <cpd> { COUNts|ENERgy }, <cpd> { PERRor|PREGistration } This command configures the presentation of displayed results. It also defines the meaning the result fields returned by using the ‘:ENERgy:RESults?’ command. The first parameter defines the meaning of the MUT accumulated energy field: COUNts As raw counts.

  • Page 197: Output Gating

    The ‘Energy’ Option SCPI command set 8-31. Output gating ENERgy: OGATE(?) <bool> { OFF|ON|0|1 }, <cpd> { PULSe|LEVel }, <cpd> { HIGH|LOW }, <cpd> { R150|R1000 } This command configures the output-gating signal. The OGATE settings have no effect when the operating mode is set to ‘GATED’ The first parameter enables the generation of a gating signal.

  • Page 198: Warm-Up Duration

    6100A Users Manual It should also be noted (when ‘TCOUnt’ is selected) that there is always a settling period of approximately 1 Second, whether or not a warm-up period has been defined. 8-34. Warm-up duration ENERgy:WUP:DURation(?) {SEConds|PPERiods|ENERgy},<dnpd> This command specifies the duration of the warm-up sequence as a period of time, a counter value (in terms of pulse periods), or a period defined in terms of energy.

  • Page 199: Test Duration

    The ‘Energy’ Option SCPI command set 8-37. Test duration ENERgy:TEST:DURation(?) { SEConds|PPERiods|ENERgy }, <dnpd> This command specifies the duration of the test sequence as either a time period, a counter value, or a period defined in terms of energy. When energy is used, the actual limits applied will be determined by the meter constant selected for the pulse source.

  • Page 200: Input Debounce

    6100A Users Manual 8-41. Input Debounce ENERgy:MUT:DEBounce[:STATe](?) <bool> { ON|OFF|0|1 } The energy counter MUT inputs can be filtered to reduce switch contact bounce. The maximum usable pulse rate is 100 Hz when debounce is enabled. “ 8-42. MUT source ENERgy:MUT:SOURce(?) { CH1|CH1TO2|CH1TO3|CH1TO4|CH1TO5|CH1TO6} This command specifies the pulse source(s) used to define the MUT.

  • Page 201: Reference Source

    The ‘Energy’ Option SCPI command set 8-47. Reference source ENERgy:REFerence:SOURce(?) { CH6|SUM456|MEAN456|MEAN56|MMUT|MAIN } This command specifies the pulse source(s) used to define the reference source. The source(s) can be: Pulse stream from (independent) channel 6. SUM456 Sum of channels 4 through 6. MEAN456 Arithmetic mean of channels 4 through 6.

  • Page 202: Status Subsystem

    6100A Users Manual 8-52. Status subsystem This subsystem is used to enable bits in the Operation and Questionable Event registers. The Operation and Questionable: Event, Enable and Condition registers can be interrogated to determine their state. The energy option makes use of the operational registers only. 8-53.

  • Page 203: Operation Condition

    The ‘Energy’ Option SCPI command set 8-56. Operation condition STATus: OPERational: CONDition? This query only command returns the contents of the Operation Condition register, which is not cleared by the command. Condition Comment Warm-Up Active Set '1' during the warm-up period. Set back to '0' when the period ends.

  • Page 204: Energy Command Summary

    6100A Users Manual 8-57. Energy Command Summary [:SOURce] :ENERgy MODE(?) <cpd> { TCOUnt | PACKet | GATE | FRUN } :WUP:DURation(?) <cpd>, { SEConds | PPERiods | ENERgy } <dnpd> Duration :WUP:PSOUrce(?) <cpd> {CH1 | CH2 | CH3 | CH4 | CH5 | CH6 | SUM456 | MEAN456 | MEAN56 | EMUT | MAIN} :TEST:DURation(?) <cpd>,...

  • Page 205: Action On Receiving *Rst

    The ‘Energy’ Option SCPI command set 8-58. Action on receiving *RST The following default settings are used on receiving a *RST command. Setting Value following *RST [:SOURce] :ENERgy :MODE(?) Timed/counted mode. :UNIT(?) Real (Wh). :OGATe(?) Output gate Off. Gate type level. Gate active low.

  • Page 206: Calibration Of The Energy Option

    6100A Users Manual 8-59. Calibration of the Energy option The Energy option is not adjustable. The performance of the option depends on the accuracy of the internal crystal oscillator. This may be measured and verified in two ways: 8-60. By direct measurement with a frequency meter: Equipment required: a frequency meter with accuracy 10ppm or better at the frequency to be measured.

  • Page 207: A Glossary

    Appendix A Glossary A-1. Introduction Glossary of terms and abbreviations found in the 6100A manual or referenced documents. Adjustment The operation that aligns or modifies the calibrator output (or UUT indication) such that its error in relation to its published specification is minimized.
  • Page 208 6100A Users Manual Fluctuation A change in the amplitude of a waveform which does not alter the harmonic content or phase relationships within the waveform Harmonics Multiples of the fundamental supply frequency IEC 61868 Evaluation of Flicker severity IEC 61000-3-2 Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current <= 16A per phase IEC 61000-3-3...
  • Page 209 Appendix A Glossary of a swell. RMS voltage shape The time function of the RMS voltage change evaluated as a single value for each successive half period between zero-crossings of the source voltage. RMS(1/2) Actual instantaneous RMS voltage: the sliding value of the RMS voltage measured over an exact period and refreshed each half period.
  • Page 210 6100A Users Manual...

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