RME Audio Fireface 400 User Manual

Firewire 400 digital i/o system 8 + 8 + 2 channels analog / adat / spdif interface 24 bit / 192 khz digital audio 36 x 18 matrix router midi i/o stand-alone operation midi remote control stand-alone midi controlled operation

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Page 1 User's Guide Fireface 400 ® Portable FireWire at its best! ™ TotalMix 24 Bit / 192 kHz ™ ™ ™ SyncAlign SyncCheck ™ SteadyClock FireWire 400 Digital I/O System 8 + 8 + 2 Channels Analog / ADAT / SPDIF Interface 24 Bit / 192 kHz Digital Audio 36 x 18 Matrix Router MIDI I/O...
Page 2: Table Of Contents
Intentionally left blank ..........28 Using more than one Fireface........28 DIGICheck ..............29 Hotline – Troubleshooting........30 Installation and Operation - Mac OS X Hardware Installation..........32 Driver 19.1 Driver Installation ..........32 19.2 Driver Update ............33 19.3 Firmware Update..........33 User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 3 30.7 Quick Access Panel..........60 30.8 Presets..............60 30.9 Monitor Panel............62 30.10 Preferences............62 30.11 Editing the Names ..........63 30.12 Hotkeys ..............64 30.13 Menu Options............65 30.14 Level Meter ............66 User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 4 35.5 DS – Double Speed ..........87 35.6 QS – Quad Speed..........87 35.7 AES/EBU – SPDIF ..........88 35.8 Noise Level in DS / QS Mode ......89 35.9 SteadyClock ............89 Diagrams 36.1 Block Diagram Fireface........90 36.2 Connector Pinouts..........91 User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 6: Introduction
• SyncCheck tests and reports the synchronization status of input signals • 2 x MIDI I/O, 32 channels high-speed MIDI • 1 x Hi-power headphone output • DIGICheck DSP: Level meter in hardware, peak- and RMS calculation User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 7: First Usage - Quickstart
The State LEDs (WC, SPDIF, ADAT) indicate a valid input signal separately for each digital input. Additionally, RME's exclusive SyncCheck indicates if one of these inputs is locked, but not synchronous to the others, in which case the LED will flash. See also chapter 11.5/20.2, Clock Modes - Synchronization.
Page 8 Socket for power connection. The included hi-performance switch mode power supply makes the Fireface operate in the range of 100V to 240V AC. It is short-circuit-proof, has an integrated line filter, is fully regulated against voltage fluctuations, and suppresses mains interference. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 9: Quick Start
With this, the Fireface 400 can be used stand- alone after setting it up accordingly, replacing lots of dedicated devices (see chapter 25). 6. Accessories RME offers several optional components for the Fireface 400: Part Number Description...
Page 10: Warranty
Liability is limited to the value of the Fireface 400. The general terms of business drawn up by Audio AG apply at all times. 8. Appendix RME news, driver updates and further product information are available on our website: http://www.rme-audio.com Distributor: Audio AG, Am Pfanderling 60, D-85778 Haimhausen, Tel.: (49) 08133 / 91810...
Page 11 Current driver version: Windows: 3.034, Mac OS X: 2.90, Firmware 1.70 Although the contents of this User’s Guide have been thoroughly checked for errors, RME can not guarantee that it is correct throughout. RME does not accept responsibility for any mislead- ing or incorrect information within this guide.
Page 12 For this the device has to be sent free to the door to: IMM Elektronik GmbH Leipziger Straße 32 D-09648 Mittweida Germany Shipments not prepaid will be rejected and returned on the original sender's costs. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 13: Installation And Operation - Windows
User's Guide Fireface 400 Installation and Operation - Windows User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 14: Hardware Installation
After the Fireface has been recognized, (see 9. Hardware Installation) the hardware assistant starts automatically. Insert the RME Driver CD into your CD-ROM drive, and follow further in- structions which appear on your computer screen. The driver files are located in the directory \Fireface_FW on the RME Driver CD.
Page 15: Driver Update
When facing problems with the automatic driver update, the user-driven way of driver installa- tion will work. Under >Control Panel /System /Device Manager /Sound, Video and Game Controllers /RME Fireface 400/Properties /Driver< you'll find the 'Update Driver' button. XP: Select 'Install from a list or specific location (advanced)', click 'Next', select 'Don't search I will choose the driver to install', click 'Next', then 'Have Disk'.
Page 16: Configuring The Fireface
About includes information about the current driver version as well as the current firmware version of the Fireface 400. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 17 (AutoSync). If none is available then the internal clock is used. The current clock source is displayed to the right. Pitch More information on Pitch is available in chapter 11.3. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 18: Settings Dialog - Analog
The current gain is displayed in dB below the fader. In the lower range the fader jumps from 10 dB to 0 dB. This useful additional setting allows to operate even line signals with the microphone input (up to +10 dBu). User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 19: Settings Dialog - Pitch
Therefore the internal clock can be set to 44.1 kHz or 48 kHz, but not to a value in be- tween. SteadyClock, RME's Low Jitter Clock System, is based on a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS). This superior circuitry can generate nearly any frequency with highest precision.
Page 20: Settings Dialog - Ltc
(wrong) clock from the ADAT i.e. out of sync. In this case, the Clock Source should be set tem- porarily to SPDIF. RME’s exclusive SyncCheck technology (first implemented in the Hammerfall) enables an easy to use check and display of the current clock status. Input Status indicates whether there is a valid signal (Lock, No Lock) for each input (Word Clock, ADAT, SPDIF and LTC), or if there is a valid and synchronous signal (Sync).
Page 21: Limit Bandwidth
If the input sample rate is different then there will be no Sync indication. With RME’s AutoSync and SyncCheck, finally anyone can master this common source of error, previously one of the most complex issues in the digital studio world.
Page 22: Operation And Usage
Therefore the driver of the Fireface 400 includes a workaround: the sample rate can be set globally for all WDM devices within the Settings dialog, see chapter 11.1. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 23: Dvd-Playback (Ac-3/Dts)
(tab Sounds, scheme 'No audio'). Note 2: The DVD player will be synced backwards from the Fireface. This means when using AutoSync and/or word clock, the playback speed and pitch follows the incoming clock signal. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 24: Notes On Wdm
(the basic and the interleaved device). Multi-Channel using WDM The WDM Streaming device Loudspeaker (Analog 1+2) of the RME driver can operate as usual stereo device, or as up to 8-channel device. An 8-channel playback using the Windows Media Player requires the speaker setup 7.1 Sur- round.
Page 25: Channel Count Under Wdm
Again the inputs can be used simultaneously. RME's sophisticated tool DIGICheck is an exception to this rule. It operates like an ASIO host, using a special technique to access playback channels already occupied. Therefore DIGICheck is able to analyse and display playback data from any software, no matter which format the software uses.
Page 26: Digital Recording
An automated control of real-time monitoring can be achieved by Steinberg’s ASIO protocol with RME’s ASIO drivers and any ASIO 2.0 compatible program. When 'ASIO Direct Monitoring' has been switched on, the input signal is routed in real-time to the output whenever a recording is started (punch-in).
Page 27: Operation Under Asio
Fireface 400 ADAT 5 to 6 Fireface 400 ADAT 5 to 6 Fireface 400 ADAT 5 to 6 Fireface 400 ADAT 7 to 8 Fireface 400 ADAT 7 to 8 Fireface 400 ADAT 7 to 8 User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 28: Known Problems
Note: TotalMix is part of the hardware of each Fireface. Up to three mixers are available, but these are separated and can't interchange data. Therefore a global mixer for all units is not possible. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 29: Digicheck
• Completely multi-client. Open as many measurement windows as you like, on any chan- nels and inputs or outputs! To install DIGICheck, go to the \DIGICheck directory on the RME Driver CD and run setup.exe. Follow the instructions prompted on the screen.
Page 30: Hotline - Troubleshooting
17. Hotline – Troubleshooting The newest information can always be found on our website www.rme-audio.com, section FAQ, Latest Additions. The input signal cannot be monitored in real-time • ASIO Direct Monitoring has not been enabled, and/or monitoring has been disabled globally.
Page 32: Driver 19.1 Driver Installation
19.1 Driver Installation After the Fireface has been connected (see 18. Hardware Installation), install the drivers from the RME Driver CD. The driver files are located in the folder Fireface_FW. Installation works automatically by a double-click on the file fireface.mpkg.
Page 33: Driver Update
When the update fails (status: failure), the unit's second BIOS will be used from the next cold boot on (Secure BIOS Technology). Therefore the unit stays fully functional. The flash process should then be tried again on a different computer. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 34: Configuring The Fireface
(Lock, No Lock) for each input (Word Clock, ADAT, SPDIF), or if there is a valid synchronous signal (Sync). The AutoSync Ref display shows the input and frequency of the current sync source. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 35 The word clock output signal usually equals the current sample rate. Selecting Single Speed causes the output signal to always stay within the range of 32 kHz to 48 kHz. So at 96 kHz and 192 kHz sample rate, the output word clock is 48 kHz. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 36: Clock Modes - Synchronization
The Clock Source selection is used to define a preferred input for the automatic clock system. This input will stay active as long as a valid signal is found. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 37: Limit Bandwidth
(wrong) clock from the ADAT i.e. out of sync. In this case, the Clock Source should be set tem- porarily to SPDIF. RME’s exclusive SyncCheck technology (first implemented in the Hammerfall) enables an easy to use check and display of the current clock status. Input Status indicates whether there is a valid signal (Lock, No Lock) for each input (Word Clock, ADAT, SPDIF and LTC), or if there is a valid and synchronous signal (Sync).
Page 38: Mac Os X Faq
21. Mac OS X FAQ 21.1 Round about Driver Installation The driver with the file suffix zip provided by RME is a compressed archive. Zip is directly sup- ported by OS X, a double click on the file is all one needs to do.
Page 39: Channel Count Under Core Audio
Fireface 400 ADAT 7 to 8 21.6 FireWire Compatibility RME's Fireface 400 should be fully compatible to any FireWire port found on Apple Mac com- puters. An exception are MacBook, MacBook Pro and iMac from 2007 up to 2009 with Agere FireWire chip revision 6 (FW643).
Page 40: Using More Than One Fireface
• Completely multi-client. Open as many measurement windows as you like, on any chan- nels and inputs or outputs! To install DIGICheck, go to the \DIGICheck directory on the RME Driver CD and run setup.exe. Follow the instructions prompted on the screen.
Page 41: Hotline - Troubleshooting
24. Hotline – Troubleshooting The newest information can always be found on our website www.rme-audio.com, section FAQ, Latest News. The unit and drivers have been installed correctly, but playback does not work: • Is Fireface 400 listed in the System Profiler? (Vendor ID 2613).
Page 43: Stand-Alone Operation, Connections And Totalmix
User's Guide Fireface 400 Stand-Alone Operation, Connections and TotalMix User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 44: Stand-Alone Operation
The gain of the two instrument/line inputs 3/4 can be defined in the range of 0 dB up to 18 dB in steps of 0.5 dB. The x.5 dB values are signalled by a dot to the right. The gain change is per- formed in analog domain in hardware. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 45: 8-Channel Ad/Da-Converter
The Matrix in TotalMix enables you to route and link all inputs and outputs completely freely. All the above functionalities are even available simultaneously, can be mixed and combined in many ways. Simply said: the Fireface 400 is a perfect analog/digital routing matrix! User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 46: Analog Inputs
+4 dBu nominal level. The above levels are also found in our ADI-8 series of AD/DA converters, the Multiface, and even in our Mic-Preamps QuadMic and OctaMic. Therefore all RME devices are fully compati- ble to each other.
Page 47: Instrument / Line Front
Overall the inputs 3/4 can work with levels from –16 dBu up to +25 dBu. Two LEDs display a present signal (from –65 dBFS on) and warn against overload (-2 dBFS). User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 48: Analog Outputs
+4 dBu nominal level. The above levels are also found in our ADI-8 series of AD/DA converters, the Multiface, and even in our mic preamps QuadMic and OctaMic. Therefore all RME devices are fully compatible to each other.
Page 49: Digital Connections
The ADAT optical input of the Fireface 400 is fully compatible with all ADAT optical outputs. RME's unsurpassed Bitclock PLL prevents clicks and drop outs even in extreme varipitch op- eration, and guarantees a fast and low jitter lock to the digital input signal. A usual TOSLINK cable is sufficient for connection.
Page 50: Midi
However, due to the limited bandwidth of MIDI, this kind of application will often show various problems. Note: The MIDI input LED displays any kind of MIDI activity, including MIDI Clock, MTC and Active Sensing. The latter is sent by most keyboards every 0.3 seconds. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 51: Word Clock
400 automatically adapts to it. As soon as a valid signal is detected, the WC LED is lit, and the Settings dialog shows either Lock or Sync (see chapter 35.1). Thanks to RME's Signal Adaptation Circuit, the word clock input still works correctly even with heavily mis-shaped, dc-prone, too small or overshoot-prone signals. Thanks to automatic signal centering, 300 mV (0.3V) input level is sufficient in principle.
Page 52: Technical Description And Background
22 MHz from a slow word clock of 44.1 kHz is no problem anymore. Additionally, jitter on the input signal is highly rejected, so that even in real world usage the re-gained clock signal is of highest quality. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 53: Cables And Termination
AutoSync Ref also displays the frequency (Freq.) of the reference signal, here the frequency of the current word clock signal, measured by the hardware. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 54: Totalmix: Routing And Monitoring
TotalMix provides the means to mix and monitor these on a single stereo output. • Mixing of the input signal to the playback signal (complete ASIO Direct Monitoring). RME not only is the pioneer of ADM, but also offers the most complete implementation of the ADM functions.
Page 56: The User Interface
Bottom row (third row): Hardware outputs. Here, the total level of the output can be adjusted. This may be the level of connected loudspeakers, or the necessity to reduce the level of an overloaded submix. The following chapters explain step by step all functions of the user interface. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 57: Elements Of A Channel
– except those of playback channel 1/2. This is correct, because as mentioned above the factory preset includes a 1:1 routing. Click on AN3/AN4 and the faders above are the only ac- tive ones, same for AN5/AN6 and so on. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 58 Move the fader close to the 0 position and now press the Shift-key. This activates the fine mode, which stretches the mouse movements by a factor of 8. In this mode, a gain setting accurate to 0.1 dB is no problem at all. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 59: Submix View
As soon as one Solo button is pressed, the Solo Master button lights up in the Quick Access area. With this all selected Solos can be switched off and on again. You can comforta- bly set up a solo-group or activate and deactivate several Solos simultaneously. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 60: Quick Access Panel
Windows' hidden directory Documents and Settings, <Username>, Local Settings, Application Data, RME TotalMix. On the Mac the location is in the folder User, <Username>, Library / Preferences / Fireface. The first number indicates the cur- rent preset, the second number the current unit.
Page 61 Menu File, Save All Presets as and Open All Presets (file suffix .fpr). After the loading the presets can be activated by the preset buttons. In case the presets have been renamed (see chapter 30.11), these names will be stored and loaded too. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 62: Monitor Panel
Note: The Mute button of the Talkback and Listenback channel is still active. Therefore it is not necessary to select <NONE>, in case one of both shall be deacti- vated. MIDI Controller, Full LC Display Support See chapter 33.4 for details. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 63: Editing The Names
The preset button names are not stored in the preset files, but globally in the registry, so won't change when loading any file or saving any state as preset. But loading a preset bank (see chapter 30.8) the names will be updated. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 64: Hotkeys
Further hotkeys are available to control the configuration of the Level Meter (see chapter 30.14): Key 4 or 6: Display range 40 or 60 dB Key E or R: Numerical display showing Peak or RMS Key 0 or 3: RMS display absolute or relative to 0 dBFS User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 65: Menu Options
Deactivate MIDI in Background: Disables the MIDI control as soon as another application is in the focus, or in case TotalMix has been minimized. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 66: Level Meter
Thus it can be a valuable tool for sound optimization and error removal in the studio. Measuring SNR (Signal to Noise) is best done with RME’s free software DIGICheck. The function Bit Statistic includes three different RMS meters for exactly this purpose (RMS un- weighted, A-weighted and DC).
Page 67: Totalmix: The Matrix
Note the difference between the left side, representing the inputs and software playback chan- nels, and the upper side, representing the hardware outputs. A gain field marked orange indicates activated mute status. Mute can only be changed in the mixer view. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 68: Advantages Of The Matrix
Example: you have lowered the output level of a submix, or just a specific channel, by some dB. The audio signal passed through via ADM will be attenuated by the value set in the third row. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 69: Selection And Group Based Operation
The fastest way to delete complex routings: select a channel in the mixer view, click on the menu entry Edit and select Delete. Or simply hit the Del-key. Attention: there is no undo in To- talMix, so be careful with this function! User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 70: Recording A Subgroup (Loopback)
A software monitor- ing on the subgroup record channels is only allowed as long as the monitoring is routed in both software and TotalMix to a different channel than the active subgroup recording one. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 71: Using External Effects Devices
1 is sent by TotalMix to any output, to the Compressor, back from the Compressor to any input. This input is now selected within the record software. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 72: Ms Processing
Low Cut, Expander, Compressor or Delay. The most basic application is already available di- rectly in TotalMix: Changing the level of the side channel allows to manipulate the stereo width from mono to stereo up to extended, step-less and in real-time. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 73: Midi Remote Control
Main Monitor F10 - F12 Monitor Phones 1 - 3 Post fader mode *Tested with Behringer BCF2000 Firmware v1.07 in Mackie Control emulation for Steinberg mode and with Mackie Control under Mac OS X. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 74: Setup
TotalMix also supports the 9th fader of the Mackie Control. This fader (labelled Master) will con- trol the stereo output faders (lowest row) which are set up as Main Monitor outputs in the Moni- tor panel. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 75: Simple Midi Control
16 Controller numbers are used: 102 up to 117 (= hex 66 to 75). With these 16 Controllers (= faders) and 4 MIDI channels each per row, up to 64 faders can be controlled per row (as re- quired by the HDSPe MADI). User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 76: Loopback Detection
MIDI output. As soon as it detects this special note at the input, the MIDI functionality is disabled. After fixing the loopback, check Enable MIDI Control under Options to reactivate the TotalMix MIDI. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 77: Stand-Alone Midi Control
ARROW DOWN or Assignable2/PAGE- move one row down Master Mute MUTE Ch. 1 – 8 Mute SELECT Ch. 1 – 8 Select REC Ch. 1 – 8 select output bus (current submix) User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 78 Fireface are controllable from nearly any MIDI equipped hardware device. The gains are controlled via different MIDI channels: Hardware Output (equals third row, volume only) Analog Out 9+10 (Phones) MIDI channel 1 Analog Out 1+2 MIDI channel 16 User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 80: Technical Specifications
• Maximum input level XLR, Gain 65 dB: -55 dBu • Maximum input level TRS, Gain +0 dB: +21 dBu • Maximum input level TRS, Gain +65 dB: -44 dBu • CLIP LED: -2 dBFS • SIG LED: -65 dBFS User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 81: Midi
• Level range: 1.0 Vpp – 5.6 Vpp • Lock Range: 27 kHz – 200 kHz • Jitter when synced to input signal: < 1 ns • Jitter suppression: > 30 dB (2.4 kHz) User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 82: Digital Outputs
• Temperature range: +5° up to +50° Celsius (41° F up to 122°F) • Relative humidity: < 75%, non condensing • Included power supply: Internal switching PSU, 100 - 240 V AC, 2 A, 24 Watts User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 83: Technical Background
The same information is presented in the Fireface's Settings dialog. In the status display Sync- Check the state of all clocks is decoded and shown as simple text (No Lock, Lock, Sync). User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 84: Latency And Monitoring
35.2 Latency and Monitoring The term Zero Latency Monitoring has been introduced by RME in 1998 for the DIGI96 series of audio cards. It stands for the ability to pass-through the computer's input signal at the inter- face directly to the output. Since then, the idea behind has become one of the most important features of modern hard disk recording.
Page 85: Firewire Audio
FireWire audio is in several ways different from PCI audio interfaces. First of all, our cards have a PCI interface which has been developed by RME and optimized for audio. FireWire on the other hand, uses OHCI-compatible controllers that have not been optimized for audio, no matter from which manufacturer they are.
Page 86: Number Of Channels And Bus Load
The Settings dialog might show errors, audio might distort. • To not exceed a maximum of 80 channels with 3 Firefaces at 96 kHz, a setting like Ana- log+SPDIF is recommended to be used on at least one Fireface. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 87: Ds - Double Speed
There are few devices using this method. An implementation of S/MUX4 in the Fireface 400 is not possible due to technical reasons. The SPDIF (AES) output of the Fireface 400 provides 192 kHz as Single Wire only. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 88: Aes/Ebu - Spdif
The table shows that a Professional-coded signal would lead to malfunctions for copy prohibi- tion and emphasis, if being read as Consumer-coded data. Nowadays many devices with SPDIF input can handle Professional subcode. Devices with AES3 input almost always accept Consumer SPDIF (passive cable adapter necessary). User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...
Page 89: Noise Level In Ds / Qs Mode
When limiting the measurement range from 20 Hz to 20 kHz (so called audio bandpass) the value would be -110 dB again. This can be verified with RME's DIGICheck. The function Bit Statistic & Noise measures the noise floor by Limited Bandwidth, ignoring DC and ultrasound.
Page 91: Connector Pinouts
TRS plug to TS plugs is required. The pin assignment follows international standards. The left channel is connected to the tip, the right channel to the ring of the TRS jack/plug. User's Guide Fireface 400 © RME...

RME Audio Fireface 400 User Manual

General

1 Introduction

2 Package Contents

3 System Requirements

4 Brief Description and Characteristics

5 First Usage - Quickstart

6 Accessories

8 Appendix

7 Warranty

Installation and Operation - Windows

9 Hardware Installation

10 Driver and Firmware

11 Configuring the Fireface

12 Operation and Usage

13 Operation under ASIO

14 Intentionally Left Blank

15 Using more than One Fireface

16 Digicheck

17 Hotline - Troubleshooting

18 Hardware Installation

19 Driver

20 Configuring the Fireface

21 Mac os X FAQ

22 Using more than One Fireface

23 Digicheck Mac

24 Hotline - Troubleshooting

Stand-Alone Operation, Connections and Totalmix

25 Stand-Alone Operation

26 Analog Inputs

27 Analog Outputs

28 Digital Connections

29 Word Clock

30 Totalmix: Routing and Monitoring

31 Totalmix: the Matrix

32 Totalmix Super-Features

33 MIDI Remote Control

Technical Reference

34 Technical Specifications

35 Technical Background

36 Diagrams