Europa Aircraft XS Monowheel Motorglider Owner's Manual

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OWNERS MANUAL

AFFIX PHOTOGRAPH

OF YOUR AIRCRAFT HERE

Aircraft Registration .........................................

Europa Construction Number ..........................

XS Monowheel

Motorglider Owners Manual

Issue 2

November 2006

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Summary of Contents for Europa Aircraft XS Monowheel Motorglider

Page 1 OWNERS MANUAL AFFIX PHOTOGRAPH OF YOUR AIRCRAFT HERE Aircraft Registration ......... Europa Construction Number ......XS Monowheel Motorglider Owners Manual Issue 2 November 2006...
Page 2 Kirkbymoorside, North Yorkshire, YO6 6QR, England No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright © November 2006 by Europa Aircraft (2004) Ltd All rights reserved Printed in Great Britain WARNING : This manual is obsolete unless updated by newsletters 42 and onwards.
Page 3 Section 7 Initial systems check Section 8 Service and maintenance Section 9 Flight testing procedures Section 10 Safety information Section 11 Pilot experience requirement Section 12 Performance XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 1 - 1 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 4 INTENTIONALLY BLANK November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 1 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 5 Note: The information in this manual refers to aircraft built to Europa manufacturing manuals. Any modifications may alter the applicability to your aircraft. List of Revisions Issue Revision Pages affected Date July 2004 XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 1 - 3 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 6 Three view drawing. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 1 - 4 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 7 Section 1 Introduction The purpose of this manual is to explain how to operate your Europa aircraft safely. General description The Europa is a modern two seat, high performance homebuilt aircraft which uses the latest aerodynamic design in wing sections and composite construction techniques.
Page 8 (36 kg) Gross weight 1370 lb (622 kg) Wing loading 9.58 lb/ft (46.77 kg/m Main wheel tyre 8.00 x 6 Fuel capacity 15 Imp gall 68 litres November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 1 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 9 Maximum performance and safe operation can only be achieved by a skilled pilot and good mechanic. Thorough, careful construction, continued maintenance and practice during operation are essential. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 1 - 3 Owners Manual...
Page 10 The aircraft operator/pilot should carefully measure and record the performance of their aircraft to assist in the safe operation of their particular aircraft. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 1 - 4 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 11 (To be engraved on a stainless steel plate). Occupant warning: This aircraft has not been certificated to an ¤ international requirement. Daytime VFR only. (Depending on nationality.) ¤ Throttle FULL IDLE ¤ XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 2 - 1 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 12 Refer to engine operating and maintenance manual, supplied by engine manufacturer. Weight limits Maximum take off weight 1370lb ¤ Maximum landing weight 1370lb ¤ Maximum baggage weight 80lb ¤ (Refer to weight and balance section 6). November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 2 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 13 Manoeuvring speed is the maximum speed at which application of full available control inputs will not over stress the aircraft. This speed is also used as a rough air speed in turbulence. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 2 - 3...
Page 14 Best rate of climb speed is the airspeed which delivers the greatest gain in altitude in the shortest possible time. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 2 - 4 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 15: Emergency Procedures
The Rotax engine as fitted to the Europa does not require a separate carburettor heat lever nor does it have a mixture control (other than the choke for cold starting). XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 3 - 1...
Page 16 If the engine stops: TRIM FOR 75 Kts FUEL PUMP ON - SELECT RESERVE CHECK IGNITION ON BOTH ASSESS HEIGHT November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 3 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 17 If height and time permit: Fuel Ignition Mayday call Brief passenger to tighten harness, adopt brace position and pull feet back. Master switch XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 3 - 3 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 18 Glide in the clean configuration (gear) up to achieve best glide range. With gear down and the use of airbrakes and side slipping, high rates of descent can be achieved. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 3 - 4 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 19 Regularly practice all emergency procedures because you never know when you will need them. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 3 - 5 Owners Manual...
Page 20 INTENTIONALLY BLANK November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 3 - 6 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 21: Rigging And De-Rigging
The aribrake pushrods in the wings are connected to forks in the end of the airbrake cables in the fuselage. Ailerons self connect by use of a bellcrank on the wing root rib which mates with a similar bellcrank fitted to the fuselage. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 4 - 1 Owners Manual...
Page 22 As the wing is being pushed in make sure t that the front and rear wing pins also locate in their sockets. Place a support under the outrigger to hold the aircraft approximately level. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 4 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 23 - avoid using any force. Hold the tailplane as shown, holding the anti-servo/trim tab from flapping around. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 4 - 3 Owners Manual...
Page 24 November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 4 - 4 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 25: Normal Operations
39 Kts 72 kph Pre-flight Walk Around Cockpit 1. Throttle closed 2. Master switch 3. Ignition switches off (both) 4. Fuel 5. Main wing pins engaged and locked. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 5 - 1 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 26 7. Pitot/static tube clear – no damage. 8. Inboard forward engaged into fuselage socket. Pip and aft wing pins pin in and secure. Check pip pin spring action. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 5 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 27 1. Main gear wheel tyre for creep, condition, inflation. 2. Brake brake pad wear, caliper secure. 3. Windscreen and door Plexiglas for cleanliness and freedom from cracks. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 5 - 3 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 28 (tailplane trailing edge up – tab trailing edge up). 4. Rudder and fin for cracks and fractures. 5. Rudder hinges and push-rod attachment. 6. Tail wheel push/pull rear fuselage to check movement. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 5 - 4 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 29 Note: When seated in the Europa all pilots must have a maximum clearance of (2.5cm) 1" between the top of their heads and the canopy. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 5 - 5...
Page 30 1. Brake applied park brake on (if fitted) 2. Check clear ahead and behind. 3. Master switch 4. Ignition both on. 5. Throttle exercise, then set closed. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 5 - 6 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 31 Pre-take off check list (vital actions) 1. Trim set for take off (neutral) 2. Throttle closed, engine idling smoothly. 3. Choke control full in (off). XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 5 - 7 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 32 It is good practice always to brief passengers on all flight safety aspects. At Europa our brief consists of: Entry and exit of aircraft from trailing edge of main wing, never ¤ forward towards the propeller. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 5 - 8 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 33 The tail wheel is held onto the ground (aft stick) until sufficient speed has been gained to achieve aileron and rudder control - approx. 30 - 35 kts. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 5 - 9...
Page 34 Note: For those who are not particularly experienced in tail wheel aircraft the most important aspect of a safe arrival or departure is to keep it straight, do not allow the nose to wander. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 5 - 10 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 35 A cruise climb of 90 — 100 kts may be preferred as this will give better engine cooling and greater field of view over the nose of the aircraft. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 5 - 11...
Page 36 We recommend that each pilot determine high density altitude take off and landing performance for his own aircraft. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 5 - 12 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 37 When you do lift the tail, be prepared to use full rudder to stop the aircraft from weather cocking into wind. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 5 - 13...
Page 38 Descent The Europa has low drag so plan your descent early. Arriving overhead your desired airfield at 6,000 feet is a waste of time and fuel. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 5 - 14 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 39 Circuit or pattern speeds are best flown at 80 — 90 kts. Gear limit speed is 83 kts. Down wind checks B – Brakes off. U – Undercarriage and flaps down and locked, trim for 70 Kts. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 5 - 15 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 40 Again, the most important thing is to keep the aircraft tracking straight down the runway once a touchdown has been achieved. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 5 - 16 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 41 An aircraft can stall at any airspeed and attitude but the recovery is always the same - stick forward to break the stall. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 5 - 17 Owners Manual...
Page 42 3,000 ft A.G.L. A – Airframe flaps/gear as required. S – Security no loose objects, harness secure. E – Engine Temperatures and Pressures within limits, fuel November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 5 - 18 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 43 Spinning Intentional spinning is prohibited. If a spin is inadvertently entered; XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 5 - 19 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 44 Stick forward to neutral. ¤ Centralise rudder as spin stops. ¤ Recover from dive to a climbing attitude, applying power as the ¤ nose passes above the horizon. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 5 - 20 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 45: Weight And Balance
SECTION 6 Weight and Balance To operate the Europa aircraft safely it must be flown within the prescribed weight and centre of gravity limits. Flight outside these limits is dangerous and could lead to loss of control. Maximum gross weight 1370lb (621 kg).
Page 46 29.25” (74.3 cm). This point is the datum and is Fuselage Station Zero (FS 0.0). November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 6 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 47 The fuselage stations of the main and tail wheel or “arm” is in inches in our calculations and the weight is in pounds (lb.), however you may convert the arm and weights to metric if so desired. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 6 - 3...
Page 48 C of G. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 6 - 4 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 49 80360.4 Refer to the loading diagram and plot the total weight and the C of G position. Make sure that you stay within the weight and C of G limits. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 6 - 5 Owners Manual...
Page 50 A location along the aircraft fuselage usually given in terms of distance from the reference datum. The horizontal distance from the reference datum to the centre of gravity (cg) of an item. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 6 - 6 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 51 Maximum gross weight Maximum gross weight approved for flight operations. Maximum useful load Difference between maximum gross weight and A.P.S. weight. Useful load Weight of occupants, baggage and fuel. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 6 - 7 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 52 Zero fuel weight Weight of aircraft without useable fuel. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 6 - 8 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 53 Fill in the appropriate blank spaces and photocopy this page to keep with the aircraft. Note: You will need to carry out a new APS C of G check if the aircraft is repainted or has equipment removed or added. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 6 - 9 Owners Manual...
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Page 55 Eventually you will arrive at a situation when you have simply run out of excuses not to fly! But first..complete a weight and balance schedule as described in Section 6. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 7 - 1 Owners Manual...
Page 56 Before first flight you will need to have run the engine for a minimum total of two hours without any problems. This will test also the engine support systems. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 7 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 57 Torque and safety wire propeller bolts. Spinner for true running, cracks and security. Idle check set idle to be 1400 - 1600 rpm Static rpm approximately 5100 rpm. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 7 - 3 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 58 Brake caliper bolts wire locked. ¤ Tyre pressure for correct inflation - 18 psi (1.2 bar). Leave for ¤ 24 hours then check again. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 7 - 4 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 59 Check the ailerons for smooth operation and that they fair into the trailing edge at neutral. Aileron travel should be: trailing edge down 20° +2°/ –1° trailing edge up 23.5° +2°/ –1° XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 7 - 5 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 60 The tailplane trailing edge needs to rotate 12° upwards and 4° downwards to cover the full range required. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 7 - 6 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 61 The pilot needs to feel a resistance, or stick force, relative to the work being done by the tailplanes and this stick force should increase with an increase in “g”. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 7 - 7 Owners Manual...
Page 62 7 and 10mm (1/4" — 3/8"). This can be achieved by several methods: November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 7 - 8 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 63 Check the rudder and tailwheel system for correct operation. Check the cables for security and chafing, pulleys for freedom of movement and cable security under the pulleys. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 7 - 9 Owners Manual...
Page 64 Note: The non-tapered parts of the door shoot-bolts should enter into the shoot bolt guides in the fuselage. Check seat belts for correct installation, security and adjustment. Swing the aircraft compass and fill in a correction card. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 7 - 10 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 65: Service And Maintenance
Cracks longer than 3" require the screen to be replaced. Engine, propeller, batteries and accessories; follow manufacturers recommendations for maintenance/inspection. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 8 - 1 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 66 Check coolant level, all hoses for chafing, cracking and leaks. Check radiator and oil cooler for security, damage, leaks and blockages of fins. Check oil lines and cooler for leaks, security and damage. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 8 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 67 Left ignition RPM drop ¤ Right ignition RPM drop ¤ Suction gauge (if fitted) ¤ Static max RPM ¤ Idle RPM ¤ Ignition cut off (ground) ¤ XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 8 - 3 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 68 Airbrakes for correct operation, cracking, hinges. Security of airbrake drive. Check outriggers for security, damage Check outrigger wheel and tyre for condition. Check pitot for blockage, kinked tubes, damaged connectors. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 8 - 4 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 69 Tailplane torque tube for security, cracking and corrosion both inside and outside. Regrease as necessary. Electric pitch trim motor and mechanism for correct operation, corrosion and damage. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 8 - 5 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 70 Tab hinges for binding and wear. Tab drive pin and bracket for corrosion, cracking. Main tailplane bushes for security and cleanliness. Tailplane drive bushes in inboard rib for wear and security. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 8 - 6 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 71 Properly conditioned linings will provide many hours of maintenance free service. A visual inspection of the brake disc will indicate the lining condition. A smooth surface, one without grooves, indicates the linings are properly glazed. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 8 - 7 Owners Manual...
Page 72 Warning: Main swinging arm will snap into the up position without the weight of the main wheel. Inspect entire airframe inside and out for signs of cracking or buckling. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 8 - 8 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 73 Check currency of certificate of airworthiness or Permit to Fly. Check that Insurance is in force. Review weight and balance schedule. Placards in place. Registration certificate available. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 8 - 9 Owners Manual November 2006...
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Page 75 Flying currency is the most important prerequisite for anyone contemplating carrying out the first flight of a new aircraft and is more important than total hours flown. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 9 - 1...
Page 76 “fly” the ailerons. Once balanced on the mono wheel the aircraft is in effect “flying” as far as the control inputs are concerned. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 9 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 77 The reason for doing this is that after two minutes on its first flight the aircraft should be in a position 1,000 feet down wind to glide back to the field should it become necessary. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 9 - 3...
Page 78 Check the operation of all your flight controls, engine controls and instrumentation etc. Everything should operate smoothly with no binding or interference. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 9 - 4 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 79 If the stick has been held well back, within the last two inches of movement, the pilot is likely to get the feeling that as speed is increased the aircraft starts to feel light on its main gear. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 9 - 5...
Page 80 In this situation it would be better to leave it until the following morning. Here at Europa we do all our first flights first thing in the morning when we are all bright eyed and bushy tailed. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 9 - 6 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 81 Follow the normal operating procedures described in this manual. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 9 - 7...
Page 82 100 kts. Trim in pitch to maintain level flight and note the indicator position. Record any tendency that the aircraft has to roll left or right and if November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 9 - 8 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 83 Use a speed 15 kts above the stall speeds for the clean approach and the gear down final approach. The first flight should not exceed 15 — 20 minutes. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 9 - 9 Owners Manual...
Page 84 The most important thing with all taildragger aircraft is keep the nose tracking straight down the runway. Remain within gliding distance of the field until at least 5 hours of satisfactory trouble free operation has been achieved. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 9 - 10 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 85 Europa. Minor builder modifications and slight variations can cause large differences in performance, handling, stall characteristics, C of G range etc. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 9 - 11 Owners Manual...
Page 86 With hands and feet off the controls note any out of trim condition. Carefully “tap” the control column and rudder pedals to confirm freedom from vibration or flutter. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 9 - 12 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 87 Do not assume that your aircraft will be exactly as the company prototypes. Be prepared to restrict your C of G envelope if necessary. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 9 - 13...
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Page 89: Safety Information
SECTION 10 Safety information The Europa aircraft offers the pilot/owner a total utility performance package that is much greater than the normal certified aircraft. Its ability to be kept at home on its own transporter, towed behind a car to a...
Page 90 P.P.L. twenty years ago. Unless you have the experience of throwing aircraft around the sky get it at a safe height with an instructor sat next to you. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 10 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 91 Practice emergency procedures at safe altitudes and airspeeds, preferably with a qualified instructor until all the actions become automatic. Keep your aircraft in good mechanical conditions. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 10 - 3 Owners Manual November 2006...
Page 92 For this reason the Europa is prohibited from flight in conditions that would expose the aircraft to the possibility of a lightning strike. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 10 - 4 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 93 Europa Aviation. Before operating a Europa the pilot must be familiar with the entire contents of this manual. XS Monowheel Motorglider Issue 2 Page 11 - 1 Owners Manual...
Page 94 INTENTIONALLY BLANK November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 11 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...
Page 95 Many factors will affect the performance of your Europa. Propeller pitch setting, build standard, weight, pilot technique, temperature, density altitude, etc., etc. The figures given below are typical of Europa aircraft fitted with the Rotax 912S and 914 engines. Rotax 912S performance figures Europa fitted with a 3 blade 64"...
Page 96 5kts in the cruise. November 2006 XS Monowheel Motorglider Page 12 - 2 Issue 2 Owners Manual...