Table 2. PAL Broadcasting Systems
Color System
Sound System
PAL
Stereo System
A2
B/G
NICAM
Unknown
I
NICAM
Horizontal Frequency
The time to scan one line connecting the right edge to the left edge of the screen
horizontally is called Horizontal Cycle and the inverse number of the Horizontal Cycle
is called Horizontal Frequency. Unit: kHz
Vertical Frequency
Like a fluorescent lamp, the screen has to repeat the same image many times per
second to display an image to the user. The frequency of this repetition is called
Vertical Frequency or Refresh Rate. Unit: Hz
Channel System
Countries
Germany, Austria,
CCIR
Swiss, Netherlands
AUSTRALIA
Sweden, Spain,
Denmark, Norway,
Finland, Belgium,
CCIR
Iceland, Portugal,
Malaysia, Singapore,
Thailand
India, Israel, Kuwait,
CCIR
Jordan, Yugoslavia
CCIR
UK, Hongkong
Australia