METER ATMOS 41 Manual
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METER ATMOS 41 Manual

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ATMOS 41

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Summary of Contents for METER ATMOS 41

  • Page 1 ATMOS 41...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    ....................1 2. Operation ....................2 2.1 Installation ....................2 2.2 Connecting ....................4 2.2.1 Connect to METER Data Logger ............4 2.2.2 Connect to a Non-METER Logger ............. 5 3. System ......................7 3.1 Specifications .................... 7 3.2 Pyranometer .................... 11 3.3 Anemometer ....................
  • Page 3 4. Service ....................... 24 4.1 Calibration ....................24 4.2 Recalibration Recommendations ............. 25 4.3 Cleaning and Maintenance ............... 25 4.4 Troubleshooting ..................27 4.5 Customer Support..................29 4.6 Terms and Conditions ................29 References ....................30 Index ......................... 31...

  • Page 5: Introduction

    1. INTRODUCTION Thank you for choosing the ATMOS 41 All-in-One Weather Station from METER Group. The ATMOS 41 All-in-One Weather Station is designed for continuous monitoring of environmental variables, including all standard weather measurements (Section The ATMOS 41 measures the following: • Solar radiation •...

  • Page 6: Operation

    METER sensors are built to the highest standards, but misuse, improper protection, or improper installation may damage the sensor and possibly void the manufacturer’s warranty. Before integrating ATMOS 41 or other METER sensors into a system, make sure to follow the recommended installation instructions and have the proper protections in place to safeguard sensors from damage.
  • Page 7 Use the SCAN function in the software to show a list of ATMOS 41 readings. Verify that these readings are within expected ranges. Non-METER Data Loggers To connect to a non-METER data logger, refer to the ATMOS 41 Integrator Guide. NOTE: ATMOS 41 will not work with legacy Decagon data loggers (Em50 Series and Em5B) because the ATMOS 41 ...

  • Page 8: Connecting

    The ATMOS 41 comes standard with a 5-m cable. It may be purchased with custom cable lengths for an additional fee (on a per-meter basis). METER has successfully tested digital communication on cable lengths up to 1,000 m (3,200 ft). This option eliminates the need for splicing the cable (a possible failure point).

  • Page 9: Connect To A Non-Meter Logger

    ATMOS 41 units. METER recommends using only one ATMOS 41 per ZENTRA or EM60 data logger. 2.2.2 CONNECT TO A NON-METER LOGGER The ATMOS 41 can be used with non-METER (third party) data loggers. Refer to the third- party logger manual for details on logger communications, power supply, and ground ports. The ATMOS 41 can be ordered with stripped and tinned (pigtail) connecting wires for use with screw terminals.
  • Page 10 3. Wire it directly into the data logger. This option has the advantage of creating a direct connection with no chance of the sensor becoming unplugged. However, it then cannot be easily used in the future with a METER readout unit or data logger.

  • Page 11: System

    ATMOS 41 3. SYSTEM This section describes the ATMOS 41 All-in-One Weather Station system. 3.1 SPECIFICATIONS MEASUREMENT SPECIFICATIONS Solar Radiation Range: 0–1750 W/m Resolution: 1 W/m Accuracy: ±5% of measurement typical Precipitation Range: 0–400 mm/h Resolution: 0.017 mm Accuracy: ±5% of measurement from 0 to 50 mm/h...
  • Page 12 SYSTEM Barometric Pressure Range: 50–110 kPa Resolution: 0.01 kPa Accuracy: ±0.1 kPa Horizontal Wind Speed Range: 0–30 m/s Resolution: 0.01 m/s Accuracy: The greater of 0.3 m/s or 3% of measurement Wind Gust Range: 0–30 m/s Resolution: 0.01 m/s Accuracy: The greater of 0.3 m/s or 3% of measurement Wind Direction Range:...
  • Page 13 ATMOS 41 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Dimensions Diameter 10 cm (3.94 in) Height 34 cm (13.39 in), includes rain gauge filter Cable Length 5 m (standard) 75 m (maximum custom cable length for additional cost) NOTE: Contact Customer Support if a nonstandard cable length is needed.
  • Page 14 SYSTEM Power Line Slew Rate Minimum 1.0 V/ms Typical Maximum Current Drain (during measurement) Minimum 0.2 mA Typical 8.0 mA Maximum 33.0 mA Current Drain (while asleep) Minimum 0.2 mA Typical 0.3 mA Maximum 0.4 mA Operating Temperature Range Minimum –50 °C Typical Maximum...

  • Page 15: Pyranometer

    Solar radiation is measured by a pyranometer that is integrated into the lip of the rain gauge funnel at the top of the ATMOS 41. Designed, manufactured, and calibrated by experts at Apogee Instruments, the miniature pyranometer uses a silicon-cell sensor to measure the total incoming (direct and diffuse) solar radiation.

  • Page 16: Anemometer

    Out of level, the pyranometer will overestimate some portions of the day while under- estimating others. Ensure accurate solar radiation measurements by carefully leveling the ATMOS 41 at installation. Bird droppings and other soiling of the domed sensor surface will cause serious errors in pyranometer measurements. Check the sensor regularly to make sure it is clean and check data often to identify possible problems.

  • Page 17: Vapor Pressure/Relative Humidity Sensor

    ATMOS 41 3.4 VAPOR PRESSURE/RELATIVE HUMIDITY SENSOR The vapor pressure sensor (Figure 6) on the ATMOS 41 is located behind the circular Teflon ™ screen in the same housing as the sonic transducers. The Teflon screen protects the sensor from liquid water and dust while allowing water vapor to freely pass to the sensor and equilibrate with air vapor pressure.

  • Page 18: Rain Gauge

    SYSTEM Unlike relative humidity, vapor pressure does not depend on temperature, and is generally conservative over time and space. The vapor pressure of the atmosphere near the relative humidity sensor is the same as the vapor pressure at the relative humidity sensor, even if the relative humidity sensor is not at the same temperature as the atmosphere.
  • Page 19 ATMOS 41 Spring Flared hole Gold electrodes Figure 7  Rain gauge The rain gauge locks in place using two pegs on the side of the rain gauge funnel. Follow the steps below to get inside the rain gauge. 1. Line up the lock/unlock graphic located on the side of the rain gauge funnel with the notch on the interface plate.

  • Page 20: Temperature Sensor

    SYSTEM 3.6 TEMPERATURE SENSOR The ATMOS 41 temperature measurement (Figure 8) is made in the center of the anemometer area where a small stainless steel needle containing a tiny temperature sensor (thermistor) extends from the middle of the four sonic transducers in the center of the anemometer.

  • Page 21: Configure The Lightning Sensor Using Procheck

    3.8 CONFIGURE THE LIGHTNING SENSOR USING PROCHECK A ProCheck can be used to configure the ATMOS 41 lightning sensor for optimal performance. To make these modifications, the weather station must be plugged into the ProCheck via the stereo port.

  • Page 22: Tilt Sensor

    SYSTEM When powered on, the ATMOS 41 measures the barometric pressure once every 60 s and records the instantaneous values. When queried, the ATMOS 41 outputs the average of the instantaneous measurements since the last query. 3.10 TILT SENSOR The ATMOS 41 is also equipped with a tilt sensor similar to those found in smartphones. The primary use of the tilt sensor data is to ensure the ATMOS 41 remains level at all times.
  • Page 23 ATMOS 41 for sound traveling with and against the wind. Subtracting the result of Equation 5 from the results of Equation 6 creates Equation 2vdu Δn = Δn + Δn Equation 7 −u Even at the maximum wind speeds for the anemometer, u...

  • Page 24: Temperature Sensor

    SYSTEM For normal ATMOS 41 use cases, this is an effective method for eliminating inaccuracy resulting from spurious spikes in wind speed (e.g., bumblebee investigating the ultrasonic path). In special use cases where data are output frequently and large step changes in wind speed are present (e.g., turning on a wind tunnel), this spike rejection algorithm may result in an error code being output.

  • Page 25: Limitations

    ATMOS 41 Figure 10  Corrected air temperature comparison with the aspirated radiation shield using 1-min measurement intervals Figure 10 shows the results from the temperature correction compared to the aspirated temperature, which shows data sampled at 1 min and not averaged over time. The estimated accuracy of the air temperature measurement, based on two standard deviations (95% confidence interval), is 0.42 °C.

  • Page 26: Atmos 41 Measurements With Meter Loggers

    3.13 ATMOS 41 MEASUREMENTS WITH METER LOGGERS METER EM60G and ZENTRA series data loggers query the ATMOS 41 once every minute and record the appropriate accumulations, averages, and maximums from the ATMOS 41 in memory. When the measurement interval is reached, the 1-min measurements are processed into the appropriate accumulations, averages, and maximums and output to final storage (see the METER logger manual for more information).
  • Page 27 ATMOS 41 Table 3  ATMOS 41 output quantities processed in data logger (continued) ATMOS 41  Data output by Data saved by METER logger each measurement ATMOS 41 every min measurement interval ( = # of min) Average of 1-min averages Average distance for all strikes of lightning distance (yields Lightning distance detected over 1-min period...

  • Page 28: Service

    • RH/Vapor Pressure: ATMOS 41 relative humidity/vapor pressure sensors receive a three-point calibration using a METER WP4C chilled-mirror dew point sensor as the calibration standard at 20%, 50%, and 80% RH. The WP4C is calibrated every 3 months against four salt standards of known RH (Robinson and Stokes 1970) to be accurate to within 0.2% RH.

  • Page 29: Recalibration Recommendations

    ATMOS 41 body. This geometry is held to within 0.025-mm specifications through CNC milling procedures. Orientation of the ATMOS 41 toward North will introduce more error in the wind direction measurement than sensor geometry.
  • Page 30 SERVICE c. Ultrasonic transducer openings (Figure 11) d. Sintered glass reflection plate (Figure 5) 3. Clean the ATMOS 41 body a. Scrub with light to medium pressure using a warm, damp cloth. b. Clean around posts and between crevices using a dry brush. CAUTIONS •...

  • Page 31: Troubleshooting

    Figure 12  Downspout Figure 13  Teflon screen Figure 14  Rain funnel and pyranometer 4.4 TROUBLESHOOTING Table 5 Troubleshooting the ATMOS 41 Problem Possible Solutions Check power to the sensor. Check sensor cable and 3.5-mm plug integrity. Try a different port on the data logger.
  • Page 32 SERVICE Table 5 Troubleshooting the ATMOS 41 (continued) Problem Possible Solutions Remove any debris from rain gauge funnel. The ATMOS 41 must be within approximately ±2 degrees of dead level (0, 0) in both the X and Y directions to accurately measure rainfall. If not within this range, drops from the flared hole can miss the gold electrodes entirely.

  • Page 33: Customer Support

    Instrument serial number Phone Description of the problem NOTE: For ATMOS 41 All-in-One Weather Stations purchased through a distributor, please contact the distributor  directly for assistance. 4.6 TERMS AND CONDITIONS By using METER instruments and documentation, you agree to abide by the METER Group, Inc. USA Terms and Conditions. Please refer to metergroup.com/terms-conditions for details.

  • Page 34: References

    REFERENCES REFERENCES Campbell GS, Unsworth MH. 1979. An inexpensive sonic anemometer for eddy correlation. J Appl Meteor. 18:1072–1077. Buck AL. 1981. New equations for computing vapor pressure and enhancement factor. J Appl Meteor. 20:1527–1432. Robinson RA, Stokes RH. 1970. Electrolyte Solutions. 2nd ed. New York (NY). Dover Publications.

  • Page 35: Index

    17 sensor calibration scheduler 24 cleaning 25 references 30 communication 4 components 19 connecting the ATMOS 41 4 sensors connecting to non-METER logger 5 anemometer 12 customer support 29 barometric pressure 17 lightning sensor 16...
  • Page 36 INDEX troubleshooting ATMOS 41 not responding 27 no pyranometer reading 29 no temperature reading 28 not reading any rain 28 no wind speed 28 precipitation measurements in frozen conditions 21 water not flowing through rain gauge 28 wind speed and direction errors...
  • Page 37 18192-02 6.8.2018 METER Group, Inc. USA 2365 NE Hopkins Court Pullman, WA 99163 T: +1.509-332-5600 F: +1.509.332.5158 E: info@metergroup.com W: www.metergroup.com © 2018 All Rights Reserved.

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