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Driver assistance systems
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Technical￿training.
Product￿information.
G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems
BMW￿Service

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  • Page 1 Technical￿training. Product￿information. G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems BMW￿Service...
  • Page 2 General￿information Symbols￿used The￿following￿symbol￿is￿used￿in￿this￿document￿to￿facilitate￿better￿comprehension￿or￿to￿draw￿attention to￿very￿important￿information: Contains￿important￿safety￿information￿and￿information￿that￿needs￿to￿be￿observed￿strictly￿in￿order￿to guarantee￿the￿smooth￿operation￿of￿the￿system. Information￿status￿and￿national-market￿versions BMW￿Group￿vehicles￿meet￿the￿requirements￿of￿the￿highest￿safety￿and￿quality￿standards.￿Changes in￿requirements￿for￿environmental￿protection,￿customer￿benefits￿and￿design￿render￿necessary continuous￿development￿of￿systems￿and￿components.￿Consequently,￿there￿may￿be￿discrepancies between￿the￿contents￿of￿this￿document￿and￿the￿vehicles￿available￿in￿the￿training￿course. This￿document￿basically￿relates￿to￿the￿European￿version￿of￿left￿hand￿drive￿vehicles.￿Some￿operating elements￿or￿components￿are￿arranged￿differently￿in￿right-hand￿drive￿vehicles￿than￿shown￿in￿the graphics￿in￿this￿document.￿Further￿differences￿may￿arise￿as￿the￿result￿of￿the￿equipment￿specification￿in specific￿markets￿or￿countries. Additional￿sources￿of￿information Further￿information￿on￿the￿individual￿topics￿can￿be￿found￿in￿the￿following: • Owner's￿Handbook • Integrated￿Service￿Technical￿Application. Contact:￿conceptinfo@bmw.de ©2015￿BMW￿AG,￿Munich Reprints￿of￿this￿publication￿or￿its￿parts￿require￿the￿written￿approval￿of￿BMW￿AG,￿Munich. The￿information￿contained￿in￿this￿document￿forms￿an￿integral￿part￿of￿the￿technical￿training￿of￿the BMW￿Group￿and￿is￿intended￿for￿the￿trainer￿and￿participants￿in￿the￿seminar.￿Refer￿to￿the￿latest￿relevant information￿systems￿of￿the￿BMW￿Group￿for￿any￿changes/additions￿to￿the￿technical￿data. Information￿status:￿June￿2015 BV-72/Technical￿Training...
  • Page 3 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems Contents Introduction ................................................G12￿Bus￿Overview ............................................KAFAS ....................................................3.1. Detection￿range ........................................3.2. Person￿recognition ....................................... 3.3. Road￿sign￿recognition ..................................... 3.4. Lane￿detection ........................................... 3.5. Detection￿of￿the￿road￿condition ..............................3.6. Functional￿limitations ....................................... Optional￿Equipment￿System ....................................Overview￿Of￿Sensors ........................................Intelligent￿Safety ............................................6.1. Overview￿of￿the￿configuration￿menu ........................... Collision￿Warning ............................................. 7.1. Functional￿principle ......................................

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems Contents 10.1. Limits￿of￿the￿system ..................................... 11. Road￿Sign￿Recognition ......................................... 11.1. Operation ............................................11.2. Limits￿of￿the￿system ..................................... 12. Proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant ................................12.1. Operation ............................................12.2. Limits￿of￿the￿system ..................................... 13. Alertness￿Assistant ..........................................13.1. Operation ............................................13.2. Limits￿of￿the￿system ..................................... 14. Night￿ Vision ................................................ 14.1. System￿wiring￿diagram ..................................... 14.2.
  • Page 5 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems Contents 16.5. Operation ............................................16.5.1. Auto￿PDC ...................................... 16.5.2. Active￿Park￿Distance￿Control ........................16.5.3. Acoustic￿signal￿output ............................. 16.6. Deactivation￿criteria ....................................... 16.7. Limits￿of￿the￿system ..................................... 17. Cross-Traffic￿Warning ........................................17.1. Functional￿principle ......................................17.2. Rear￿cross-traffic￿warning ..................................17.3. Front￿cross-traffic￿warning ................................. 17.4. Displays ............................................. 17.5. Operation ............................................17.6. Limits￿of￿the￿system .....................................
  • Page 6 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems Contents 19.3.1. Control￿functions ................................19.3.2. Operation ....................................19.3.3. System￿wiring￿diagram ............................20. Speed￿Limit￿Warning ........................................20.1. Operation ............................................ 21. Lateral￿Guidance￿Assistants ................................... 22. Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant ..................................22.1. Functional￿principle ....................................22.1.1. Hands-off-Detection ............................... 22.1.2. Functional￿prerequisites ........................... 22.1.3. Lane￿change ..................................22.1.4. Function￿logic ..................................22.1.5. Steering￿interventions ............................

  • Page 7: Introduction

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 1.￿Introduction The￿range￿of￿existing￿assistance￿systems￿has￿been￿expanded￿in￿the￿G12￿to￿include￿new￿innovative systems.￿The￿interplay￿between￿the￿varied￿and￿intelligent￿assistance￿systems￿supports￿the￿driver￿in every￿respect;￿from￿making￿driving￿more￿comfortable￿to￿providing￿the￿reassuring￿feeling￿of￿safety on￿all￿roads. The￿assistance￿systems￿help￿to￿make￿the￿driver's￿life￿easier￿by: • providing￿the￿driver￿with￿information • prompting￿the￿driver￿with￿suggestions • automatically￿intervening￿in￿the￿driving￿process This￿information￿bulletin￿contains￿an￿overview￿of￿all￿the￿assistance￿systems￿used￿in￿the￿G12: • Camera-based￿collision￿warning • Collision￿warning￿with￿city￿braking￿function • Pedestrian￿warning￿with￿city￿braking￿function • Road￿sign￿recognition • Proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant • Lane￿departure￿warning • Blind￿spot￿detection • Side￿collision￿warning • Alertness￿assistant • Night￿vision • Camera￿systems • cross-traffic￿warning • Park￿Distance￿Control •...
  • Page 8 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 2.￿G12￿Bus￿Overview G12￿bus￿overview...
  • Page 9 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 2.￿G12￿Bus￿Overview Index Explanation Active￿cruise￿control ACSM Advanced￿Crash￿Safety￿Module AMPT Top￿Hi-Fi￿amplifier Active￿Sound￿Design Body￿Domain￿Controller Controller Digital￿Motor￿Electronics DME2 Digital￿Engine￿Electronics￿2 Dynamic￿Stability￿Control EARSH Electric￿active￿roll￿stabilization￿rear EARSV Electric￿active￿roll￿stabilization￿front Electronic￿transmission￿control Electromechanical￿Power￿Steering High-beam￿assistant FLER Frontal￿Light￿Electronics￿Right FLEL Frontal￿Light￿Electronics￿Left Roof￿function￿centre Gear￿selector HEADUNIT Head￿unit HKFM Tailgate￿function￿module Rear￿axle￿slip￿angle￿control IHKA Integrated￿automatic￿heating￿/￿air￿conditioning KAFAS Camera-based￿driver￿support￿systems KOMBI Instrument￿panel Light￿effect￿manager...
  • Page 10 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 2.￿G12￿Bus￿Overview Index Explanation SMBFH Seat￿module,￿passenger,￿rear SMFA Seat￿module,￿driver SMFAH Seat￿module,￿driver,￿rear SPNMHL Seat￿pneumatics￿module￿back￿left SPNMHR Seat￿pneumatics￿module￿back￿right SPNMVL Seat￿pneumatics￿module￿front￿left SPNMVR Seat￿pneumatics￿module￿front￿right Blind￿spot￿detection￿(primary) SWW2 Blind￿spot￿detection￿(secondary) Telematic￿Communication￿Box TRSVC Top￿rear￿side￿view￿camera Vertical￿dynamic￿platform Transfer￿box Wireless￿charging￿oddments￿tray Central￿gateway￿module Start-up￿node￿control￿units￿for￿starting￿and￿synchronizing the￿FlexRay￿bus￿system Control￿units￿with￿wake-up￿authorization Control￿units￿also￿connected￿at￿terminal￿15WUP...

  • Page 11: Kafas

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 3.￿KAFAS As￿the￿requirements￿placed￿on￿the￿KAFAS￿camera￿have￿increased￿in￿the￿G12,￿the￿existing monochrome￿camera￿has￿been￿replaced￿by￿a￿stereo￿camera. KAFAS￿stereo￿camera The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿is￿composed￿of￿two￿high-resolution￿CMOS￿monochrome￿cameras, which￿are￿installed￿in￿a￿housing￿with￿approximately￿20￿cm￿between￿them.￿The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera housing￿now￿also￿serves￿as￿an￿equipment￿holder￿for￿the￿KAFAS￿control￿unit,￿which￿has￿more￿powerful processors. KAFAS￿stereo￿camera CMOS￿cameras￿are￿characterized￿by￿their￿low￿power￿consumption,￿compact￿size￿and￿very￿high frame￿rate. CMOS￿=￿Complementary￿Metal￿Oxide￿Semiconductor The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿is￿calibrated￿within￿a￿distance￿of￿approximately￿2￿km￿during￿driving. The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿is￿the￿key￿element￿of￿the￿following￿systems:...
  • Page 12 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 3.￿KAFAS • Tailgate￿warning • Collision￿warning￿with￿city￿braking￿function • Pedestrian￿warning￿with￿city￿braking￿function • Lane￿departure￿warning • Road￿sign￿recognition. The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿plays￿a￿supporting￿role￿in￿the￿following￿systems: • Active￿Cruise￿Control￿with￿Stop&Go￿(ACC) • Steering￿and￿lane￿control￿assistant￿including￿traffic￿jam￿assistant • Active￿lane￿keeping￿assistant￿with￿active￿side￿collision￿protection 3.1.￿Detection￿range Due￿to￿differences￿in￿perspective￿between￿the￿left￿and￿right￿optical￿path￿of￿the￿camera,￿the￿stereo camera￿is￿able￿to￿measure￿the￿distance￿to￿an￿object￿and￿now￿also￿its￿height￿above￿road￿level. While￿the￿monochrome￿camera￿merely￿estimates￿distances,￿the￿stereo￿camera￿can￿determine￿the distance￿to￿an￿object￿fairly￿accurately￿–￿to￿within￿approximately￿20￿to￿30￿cm￿–￿from￿approximately 40￿m￿away. KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿detection￿range...
  • Page 13 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 3.￿KAFAS In￿principle,￿the￿evaluation￿electronics￿in￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿use￿the￿same￿effect￿as￿is￿used￿in￿a human￿to￿create￿spatial￿vision.￿This￿is￿known￿as￿the￿parallax￿shift￿between￿two￿images. The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿not￿only￿enables￿the￿position￿of￿an￿object￿to￿be￿determined,￿but￿also￿its movement￿and￿direction￿of￿movement.￿For￿every￿pixel￿of￿a￿detected￿object,￿the￿direction￿of￿movement on￿the￿horizontal,￿vertical￿and￿longitudinal￿axis￿can￿be￿determined. The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿has￿a￿detection￿range￿of￿up￿to￿approximately￿40 m￿ahead￿of￿the￿vehicle￿and up￿to￿approximately￿5 m￿in￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle￿on￿the￿right￿and￿left.￿The￿overall￿detection￿range￿of￿the KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿is￿approximately￿500￿m. 3.2.￿Person￿recognition The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿captures￿the￿scene￿in￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle￿and￿detects￿entire￿rear￿views￿of moving￿and￿stationary￿vehicles￿in￿the￿field￿of￿view￿using￿image￿processing.￿The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera also￿ensures￿that￿driving￿lane￿information,￿vehicle￿positions￿and￿movements￿are￿determined￿at￿the same￿time. With￿the￿aid￿of￿the￿image￿data￿from￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera,￿objects￿can￿be￿clearly￿identified￿as vehicles￿and￿their￿transverse￿movements￿as￿lane￿changes.￿The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿also￿detects people￿and￿cyclists. Example￿of￿pedestrian￿recognition￿by￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera:￿pedestrian￿approaching￿from￿the￿side￿steps￿into￿the￿road￿and￿is￿partially￿hidden The￿two￿separate￿optical￿paths￿are￿also￿beneficial￿in￿challenging￿conditions,￿for￿example￿difficult lighting￿conditions,￿where￿there￿is￿low￿contrast￿between￿the￿image￿and￿background￿or￿when￿several objects￿are￿closely￿lined￿up￿one￿after￿the￿other. Thanks￿to￿the￿redundant￿image￿detection￿of￿the￿stereo￿camera,￿it￿is￿now￿possible￿to￿reliably￿detect obstacles￿and￿determine￿their￿size￿from￿a￿single￿image.
  • Page 14 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 3.￿KAFAS 3.3.￿Road￿sign￿recognition The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿is￿also￿responsible￿for￿detecting￿top￿speed￿limitation￿road￿signs. The￿detection￿of￿no￿overtaking/overtaking￿permitted￿signs￿or￿markings￿is￿also￿implemented￿in the￿G12. 3.4.￿Lane￿detection The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿installed￿in￿the￿mirror￿base￿of￿the￿interior￿mirror￿on￿the￿windshield￿monitors the￿area￿in￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle. KAFAS￿stereo￿camera Index Explanation KAFAS￿stereo￿camera Rain‐light‐solar-condensation￿sensor Photosensor￿for￿electrochromic￿interior￿mirror The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿records￿the￿roadway￿up￿to￿approximately￿40 m￿ahead￿of￿the￿vehicle￿and up￿to￿approximately￿5 m￿to￿the￿right￿and￿left￿of￿the￿vehicle.￿The￿image￿data￿is￿then￿evaluated￿by￿the KAFAS￿control￿unit￿integrated￿in￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera.￿Using￿image￿processing,￿the￿control￿unit searches￿the￿images￿recorded￿by￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿for￿lane￿and￿road￿markings. The￿appearance￿of￿the￿road￿markings￿can￿vary￿considerably￿in￿the￿image￿depending￿on￿the￿country, type￿of￿road￿or￿the￿current￿ambient￿conditions.￿The￿system￿can￿detect￿a￿wide￿range￿of￿road￿markings and￿types￿of￿markings.￿For￿a￿lane￿marking￿to￿be￿evaluated,￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿and￿the￿KAFAS control￿unit￿must￿first￿be￿able￿to￿clearly￿identify￿it.￿A￿lane￿must￿also￿have￿an￿average￿width￿greater￿than 2.5 m￿for￿it￿to￿be￿evaluated.
  • Page 15 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 3.￿KAFAS 3.5.￿Detection￿of￿the￿road￿condition The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿in￿the￿G12￿also￿detects￿the￿road￿condition. In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Executive￿Drive￿Pro￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿2VS),the￿data￿collected￿is￿used to￿adapt￿the￿chassis￿and￿suspension￿setting￿to￿the￿road￿condition￿by￿changing￿various￿setting parameters￿in￿the￿Dynamic￿Drive￿(ARS)￿and￿Electronic￿Damper￿Control￿(EDC)￿and￿tailoring￿the interaction￿with￿the￿two-axle￿air￿suspension. Detection￿of￿road￿bumps￿with￿the￿help￿of￿the￿stereo￿camera Objects￿can￿now￿be￿dealt￿with￿actively￿instead￿of￿reactively,￿and￿therefore￿more￿easily,￿at￿speeds￿of approximately￿15￿to￿100￿km/h. The￿structure￿of￿the￿vehicle￿moves￿less￿vertically,￿as￿the￿vehicle￿drives￿in￿harmony￿with￿the￿road. Bumps￿are￿less￿noticeable￿for￿the￿driver. 3.6.￿Functional￿limitations The￿function￿of￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿and￿thus￿the￿function￿of￿the￿corresponding￿assistance systems￿may￿be￿impaired￿due￿to￿the￿physical￿limits￿of￿the￿optical￿systems,￿for￿example￿in￿the following￿situations: • Heavy￿fog,￿rain,￿spray￿or￿snow • Strong￿light￿in￿the￿camera￿lens • If￿the￿field￿of￿view￿of￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿or￿the￿windscreen￿is￿dirty • On￿tight￿bends • If￿boundary￿lines￿are￿missing,￿worn,￿poorly￿visible,￿converging￿or￿diverging,￿or￿not clearly￿recognizable,￿as￿may￿be￿the￿case￿when￿roadworks￿are￿being￿carried￿out • If￿boundary￿lines￿are￿covered￿by￿snow,￿ice,￿dirt￿or￿water • If￿boundary￿lines￿are￿covered￿by￿objects...
  • Page 16 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 3.￿KAFAS • If￿driving￿at￿close￿proximity￿to￿a￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead • If￿the￿windscreen￿in￿front￿of￿the￿interior￿mirror￿is￿misted￿over,￿soiled￿or￿covered￿by￿stickers,￿e.g. tax￿discs,￿etc. • Up￿to￿10￿seconds￿after￿driving￿readiness￿is￿activated￿via￿the￿start/stop￿button • During￿the￿calibration￿process￿for￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿immediately￿after￿vehicle￿delivery or￿a￿camera￿change Example￿of￿limits￿of￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera Due￿to￿functional￿limitations￿and￿system￿restrictions￿it￿may￿transpire￿that￿warnings￿and￿orders￿are￿not issued,￿are￿issued￿too￿late￿or￿are￿unwarranted.￿Therefore,￿be￿attentive￿in￿order￿to￿be￿able￿to￿actively intervene￿at￿any￿time.￿Otherwise,￿there￿is￿a￿risk￿of￿an￿accident.
  • Page 17 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 4.￿Optional￿Equipment￿System The￿familiar￿optional￿equipment￿system￿(SAS)￿control￿unit￿is￿also￿used￿in￿the￿G12￿and￿provides￿a￿range of￿driver￿assistance￿functions. Possible￿functions: • Tailgate￿warning • Collision￿warning￿with￿city￿braking￿function • Pedestrian￿warning￿with￿city￿braking￿function • Dynamic￿Brake￿Control • Distance￿information • Dynamic￿Cruise￿Control • Active￿speed￿control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function • Lane￿&￿traffic￿jam￿assistant • Speed￿limit • Blind￿spot￿detection • Lane￿departure￿warning • Cross-traffic￿warning • Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant • Proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant G12￿optional￿equipment￿system￿(SAS)￿control￿unit...
  • Page 18 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 5.￿Overview￿Of￿Sensors The￿graphic￿below￿provides￿an￿overview￿of￿the￿main￿sensors￿used￿in￿the￿G12￿for￿the￿assistance systems￿and￿shows￿their￿installation￿locations. G12￿overview￿of￿sensors...
  • Page 19 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 5.￿Overview￿Of￿Sensors Index Explanation Control￿unit￿for￿radar￿sensor,￿right￿(RSR) KAFAS￿stereo￿camera Blind￿spot￿detection,￿right￿(primary) Blind￿spot￿detection,￿left￿(secondary) Control￿unit￿for￿radar￿sensor,￿left￿(RSL) Active￿Cruise￿Control￿(ACC)￿(FRR) Night￿Vision￿camera...
  • Page 20 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 6.￿Intelligent￿Safety Due￿to￿the￿ever￿increasing￿amount￿of￿traffic￿on￿our￿roads,￿assistance￿systems￿in￿vehicles￿continue￿to gain￿in￿importance.￿They￿assist￿the￿driver￿on￿highways,￿single-lane￿roads￿and￿in￿urban￿environments. Urban￿traffic￿is￿just￿one￿area￿that￿presents￿an￿ever￿increasing￿number￿of￿challenges.￿Car￿drivers￿must be￿constantly￿aware￿of￿cyclists￿and￿pedestrians.￿Systems￿such￿as￿the￿pedestrian￿warning￿with￿city brake￿activation￿are￿helpful￿in￿this￿respect.￿Night￿Vision￿can￿assist￿the￿driver￿when￿driving￿on￿single- lane￿roads￿with￿adjacent￿woodland￿(deer￿crossings,￿etc.).￿The￿lane￿departure￿and￿Blind￿spot￿detection as￿well￿as￿the￿side￿collision￿warning￿provide￿even￿more￿safety￿in￿traffic.￿Accidents￿can￿be￿avoided through￿automatic￿brake￿interventions,￿active￿steering￿interventions￿or￿a￿combination￿of￿both. Depending￿on￿the￿vehicle￿equipment,￿Intelligent￿Safety￿consists￿of￿one￿or￿several￿systems,￿which￿can help￿to￿avoid￿a￿potential￿collision.￿The￿following￿systems￿are￿offered￿in￿the￿G12: • Tailgate￿warning￿with￿braking￿function • Pedestrian￿warning￿with￿city￿braking￿function • Night￿Vision￿with￿person￿and￿animal￿recognition • Lane￿departure￿warning • Blind￿spot￿detection • Side￿collision￿warning The￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button￿enables￿the￿assistance￿systems￿to￿be￿operated￿centrally.￿This￿means￿the systems￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿or￿off￿using￿a￿button￿and￿the￿submenu￿can￿be￿called￿up￿to￿personalize￿the settings. G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button Index Explanation Intelligent￿Safety￿button...
  • Page 21 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 6.￿Intelligent￿Safety Press￿button • The￿"Intelligent￿Safety"￿menu￿is￿displayed￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿(CID).￿Settings can￿be￿made￿using￿the￿controller.￿The￿individual￿settings￿are￿stored￿for￿the￿respective￿ID transmitter￿used. Press￿and￿release￿button • When￿all￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿switched￿on: Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿switched￿off￿individually￿depending￿on￿the￿individual￿setting. • When￿all￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿not￿switched￿on: All￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿switched￿on. Press￿button￿for￿an￿extended￿period • All￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿switched￿off. G12￿status￿indicator￿light￿(Intelligent￿Safety￿button) Index Explanation All￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿switched￿on Some￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿switched￿off￿or￿sub-function￿settings￿have been￿changed All￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿switched￿off The￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿automatically￿active￿after￿each￿engine￿start￿via￿the￿START-STOP button.
  • Page 22 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 6.￿Intelligent￿Safety 6.1.￿Overview￿of￿the￿configuration￿menu The￿system￿is￿operated￿by￿pressing￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button￿and￿using￿a￿menu￿to￿configure￿the Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿on￿the￿Central￿Information￿Display￿(CID). G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿configuration￿menu￿overview...
  • Page 23 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 6.￿Intelligent￿Safety Index Explanation "Intelligent￿Safety"￿configuration￿menu "ALL￿ON"￿selection "INDIVIDUAL"￿selection "Configure￿INDIVIDUAL" "ALL￿OFF"￿selection Note￿for￿the￿driver:￿in￿this￿example￿not￿all￿of￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems could￿be￿activated. Note￿for￿the￿driver:￿the￿colored￿circle￿shows￿the￿driver￿the￿activation￿status￿of the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems.￿The￿color￿of￿the￿circle￿changes￿always￿matches the￿color￿of￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button￿indicator￿light. "ALL￿ON" • All￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿switched￿on.￿The￿basic￿settings￿are￿activated￿for￿the￿sub- functions,￿for￿example￿the￿warning￿time￿setting.￿The￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button￿lights￿up￿green. "INDIVIDUAL" • The￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿switched￿on￿in￿accordance￿with￿the￿individual￿settings. Depending￿on￿the￿vehicle￿equipment,￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿can￿be￿configured individually. The￿individual￿settings￿are￿activated￿and￿stored￿for￿the￿respective￿ID￿transmitter￿used. G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿("Configure￿INDIVIDUAL"￿selection) Index Explanation "Intelligent￿Safety" "Configure￿INDIVIDUAL"...
  • Page 24 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 6.￿Intelligent￿Safety G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿"INDIVIDUAL"￿configuration￿menu￿(settings￿options) Index Explanation "Configure￿INDIVIDUAL" "Pedestrian￿warning￿active" "Dynamic￿Marker￿Light" "Collision￿warning"￿(selected￿setting:￿Early) "Lane￿departure￿warning"￿(selected￿setting:￿Always) "Steering￿intervention" "Blind￿spot￿detection"￿(selected￿setting:￿Medium) As￿soon￿as￿a￿setting￿is￿changed￿in￿the￿menu,￿all￿the￿settings￿the￿driver￿has￿previously￿configured￿are activated.￿The￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button￿lights￿up￿orange. "ALL￿OFF" • All￿Intelligent￿Safety￿systems￿are￿switched￿off.￿The￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button￿does￿not￿light￿up.
  • Page 25 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 7.￿Collision￿Warning The￿camera-based￿collision￿warning￿is￿part￿of￿the￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿optional￿equipment (OE 5AS)￿in￿the￿G12￿and￿is￿implemented￿using￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera. The￿collision￿warning￿in￿the￿new￿BMW￿7￿Series￿contains￿the￿familiar￿"Collision￿warning￿with￿city brake￿activation"￿and￿the￿"Pedestrian￿warning￿with￿city￿brake￿activation"￿functions. In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Active￿Cruise￿Control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function￿optional￿equipment￿(OE ZN7), the￿cruise￿control￿radar￿sensor￿is￿also￿used￿to￿control￿the￿collision￿warning. Vehicles￿with￿the￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿optional￿equipment￿(OE 5AT)￿have￿the￿Active￿Cruise Control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function￿optional￿equipment￿(OE ZN7)￿integrated￿as￿standard. If￿the￿vehicle￿is￿not￿equipped￿with￿the￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿(OE 5AS)￿or￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant Plus￿(OE 5AT)￿optional￿equipment,￿but￿does￿have￿the￿Active￿Cruise￿Control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function optional￿equipment￿(OE ZN7),￿the￿customer￿also￿receives￿a￿collision￿warning.￿However,￿in￿this￿case the￿pedestrian￿warning￿is￿not￿included. The￿system￿warns￿the￿driver￿in￿situations￿where￿a￿collision￿is￿imminent.￿The￿early￿warning,￿a￿visual signal,￿is￿issued￿first￿to￿draw￿the￿driver's￿attention￿to￿the￿situation.￿If￿the￿situation￿becomes￿more critical,￿an￿acute￿early￿warning￿in￿the￿form￿of￿a￿visual￿and￿acoustic￿signal￿is￿issued.￿The￿nature￿of￿the warning￿is￿such￿that￿the￿driver￿can￿still￿prevent￿a￿collision￿providing￿he￿acts￿quickly. 7.1.￿Functional￿principle The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿captures￿the￿scene￿in￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle￿and￿detects￿entire￿rear￿views of￿moving￿and￿stationary￿vehicles￿in￿the￿field￿of￿view￿using￿image￿processing. In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Active￿Cruise￿Control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function￿optional￿equipment￿(OE ZN7),￿in addition￿to￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿image￿data,￿information￿from￿the￿radar￿sensor￿is￿also￿evaluated. G12￿schematic￿diagram￿of￿the￿monitoring￿ranges...
  • Page 26 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 7.￿Collision￿Warning Index Explanation Close￿range Long￿distance KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿detection￿range Detection￿range￿of￿the￿radar￿sensor The￿corresponding￿warning￿stages￿"early￿warning"￿and￿"acute￿warning"￿are￿output￿in￿critical￿situations on￿the￿basis￿of￿the￿calculated￿positions,￿distances￿and￿relative￿speeds￿of￿other￿vehicles.￿For￿the￿early warning￿the￿brakes￿of￿the￿vehicle￿are￿prepared￿for￿emergency￿braking￿and￿the￿activation￿thresholds￿of the￿Dynamic￿Brake￿Control￿are￿reduced.￿If￿the￿driver￿makes￿the￿conscious￿decision￿to￿drive￿up￿close to￿the￿vehicle￿ahead,￿warnings￿which￿may￿otherwise￿be￿distracting￿can￿be￿prevented￿by￿reducing￿the sensitivity￿of￿the￿system. 7.1.1.￿Collision￿warning￿with￿city￿braking￿function The￿collision￿warning￿with￿city￿brake￿activation￿(City￿Collision￿Mitigation￿option￿OE￿ZN3)￿adds￿a￿brake activation￿function￿to￿the￿camera-based￿collision￿warning￿from￿a￿speed￿of￿roughly￿5 km/h￿up￿to￿a maximum￿speed￿of￿80 km/h.￿If￿there￿is￿still￿no￿response￿from￿the￿driver￿in￿this￿speed￿range￿after￿an acute￿warning￿is￿issued,￿the￿vehicle￿is￿decelerated￿at￿a￿maximum￿rate￿of￿4 m/s². Example￿of￿vehicle￿identification￿by￿KAFAS￿camera Index Explanation Vehicle￿in￿same￿lane Vehicle￿in￿different￿lane The￿duration￿of￿the￿brake￿intervention￿is￿limited￿to￿approximately￿1.5 seconds.￿Additional￿dangers￿for the￿traffic￿behind￿are￿therefore￿avoided.
  • Page 27 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 7.￿Collision￿Warning 7.1.2.￿Pedestrian￿warning￿with￿city￿braking￿function The￿pedestrian￿warning￿with￿city￿braking￿function￿(Daytime￿pedestrian￿detection￿OE￿ZN2)￿is￿designed to￿prevent￿possible￿collisions￿with￿pedestrians￿in￿urban￿areas￿or￿reduce￿the￿effects￿of￿an￿accident.￿The system￿warns￿of￿a￿possible￿collision￿with￿pedestrians￿from￿a￿speed￿of￿approximately￿10 km/h￿up￿to￿a maximum￿speed￿of￿60 km/h￿and￿assists￿the￿driver￿with￿a￿brake￿intervention￿shortly￿before￿a￿collision. The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿captures￿the￿scene￿in￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle￿and￿detects￿pedestrians￿in￿the field￿of￿view￿using￿image￿processing. Example￿of￿person￿recognition￿by￿KAFAS￿camera Based￿on￿the￿calculated￿positions,￿distances￿and￿the￿movement￿of￿the￿detected￿pedestrians,￿an￿acute warning￿is￿issued￿in￿critical￿situations.￿An￿early￿warning￿is￿not￿available￿for￿the￿pedestrian￿warning￿with city￿braking￿function￿(OE￿ZN2). With￿an￿acute￿warning￿the￿vehicle￿is￿decelerated￿by￿roughly￿4 m/s².￿The￿duration￿of￿the￿brake intervention￿is￿limited￿to￿approximately￿1.5 seconds.￿Additional￿dangers￿for￿the￿traffic￿behind￿are therefore￿avoided. 7.2.￿Warning￿and￿braking￿function The￿operating￿principle￿of￿the￿collision￿warning￿is￿based￿on￿a￿detection￿and￿warning￿algorithm. Machine￿vision￿detects￿pedestrians￿and￿vehicles￿in￿the￿detection￿range￿of￿the￿camera.￿If￿there￿is￿a risk￿of￿a￿collision,￿a￿warning￿symbol￿is￿shown￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿(KOMBI),￿or￿in￿the￿Head-Up Display￿for￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Head-Up￿Display￿standard￿equipment￿(OE 610).￿The￿warning￿function￿is divided￿into￿two￿stages.￿The￿next￿probable￿movement￿of￿an￿object￿is￿determined￿based￿on￿the￿current movement￿of￿the￿detected￿object￿and,￿taking￿into￿account￿the￿movement￿of￿the￿object,￿a￿collision risk￿is￿identified.￿If￿a￿situation￿is￿evaluated￿as￿critical￿by￿the￿warning￿algorithm,￿a￿warning￿is￿issued￿and braking￿is￿introduced￿based￿on￿a￿multistage￿warning￿concept.￿The￿warnings￿and￿brake￿interventions differ￿for￿pedestrians￿and￿vehicles.

  • Page 28: Displays

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 7.￿Collision￿Warning 7.2.1.￿Displays Symbol Explanation Early￿warning: • Vehicle￿symbol￿lights￿up￿red • Increase￿distance￿and￿brake￿if necessary Acute￿warning: • Vehicle￿symbol￿flashes￿red￿and￿a￿signal sounds • Request￿for￿intervention￿by￿braking￿and evasive￿action,￿if￿required Acute￿warning: • Person￿symbol￿flashes￿red￿and￿a￿signal sounds • Request￿for￿intervention￿by￿braking￿and evasive￿action,￿if￿required 7.2.2.￿Early￿warning Occasions￿when￿an￿early￿warning￿is￿issued￿include￿when￿there￿is￿a￿collision￿risk￿because￿the￿vehicle driving￿ahead￿is￿being￿driven￿at￿a￿much￿slower￿speed￿and/or￿if￿the￿distance￿to￿a￿driven￿or￿stationary vehicle￿ahead￿is￿extremely￿short. An￿early￿warning￿is￿indicated￿by￿a￿vehicle￿symbol￿which￿lights￿up￿red￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿(KOMBI) or￿Head‐Up￿Display.￿The￿early￿warning￿is￿only￿issued￿for￿vehicles￿and￿not￿for￿pedestrians. The￿point￿at￿which￿the￿early￿warning￿is￿issued￿can￿be￿configured￿in￿the￿"Intelligent￿Safety￿systems“ menu￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿(CID). The￿collision￿warning￿is￿dependent￿on￿the￿vehicle's￿own￿driving￿speed.￿The￿distance￿measured￿for￿the collision￿warning￿is￿significantly￿lower￿than￿the￿legally￿required￿minimum￿distance.￿It￿is￿therefore￿the responsibility￿of￿the￿driver￿to￿adhere￿to￿the￿legal￿minimum￿distance. 7.2.3.￿Acute￿warning The￿acute￿warning￿is￿issued￿by￿the￿system￿as￿late￿as￿possible￿and￿only￿if￿there￿is￿an￿imminent￿danger of￿a￿collision￿when￿the￿vehicle￿is￿approaching￿the￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead￿at￿a￿relatively￿high￿differential speed￿or￿if￿there￿is￿an￿imminent￿danger￿of￿a￿collision￿with￿a￿pedestrian.￿The￿time￿of￿the￿acute￿warning is￿measured￿so￿that￿a￿collision￿can￿only￿be￿avoided￿by￿immediate￿emergency￿braking￿or￿by￿swerving.
  • Page 29 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 7.￿Collision￿Warning If￿the￿vehicle￿is￿approaching￿the￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead￿or￿a￿pedestrian￿at￿a￿very￿low￿speed,￿an￿acute warning￿is￿not￿issued￿even￿when￿the￿distance￿is￿very￿small.￿This￿intentional￿driving￿situation￿only triggers￿the￿early￿warning.￿This￿way￿there￿are￿fewer￿meaningless￿and￿annoying￿acute￿warnings￿issued by￿the￿system. The￿acute￿warning￿cannot￿be￿deactivated￿separately.￿The￿timing￿of￿the￿acute￿warning￿also￿cannot￿be adjusted.￿If￿the￿acute￿warning￿is￿not￿to￿be￿issued,￿the￿"collision￿warning"￿front￿protective￿function￿must be￿deactivated. If￿an￿acute￿warning￿is￿issued,￿this￿is￿indicated￿to￿the￿driver￿by￿a￿red￿flashing￿vehicle￿symbol￿or￿a￿red flashing￿person￿symbol￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿(KOMBI)￿or￿Head-Up￿Display.￿In￿addition,￿an￿acoustic warning￿signal￿is￿sounded. The￿acute￿warning￿for￿pedestrians￿is￿issued￿within￿a￿speed￿range￿of￿approximately￿10 km/h￿to￿60 km/h. The￿acute￿warning￿for￿vehicles￿is￿issued￿at￿speeds￿above￿approximately￿5 km/h. When￿the￿acute￿warning￿is￿issued,￿the￿brake￿system￿is￿also￿preconditioned￿in￿order￿to￿achieve￿quicker and￿sharper￿deceleration.￿With￿these￿measures￿the￿driver￿also￿receives￿specific￿support￿at￿the￿same time￿as￿the￿warning￿in￿order￿to￿be￿able￿to￿respond￿effectively. The￿acute￿warning￿does￿not￿relieve￿the￿driver￿of￿his￿responsibility￿to￿adapt￿the￿speed￿and￿driving￿style to￿the￿traffic￿conditions. 7.2.4.￿Brake￿intervention With￿the￿camera￿based,￿collision￿warning￿w/￿city￿collision￿mitigation￿(OE￿ZN3￿included￿with￿OE￿5AS); If￿the￿driver￿no￿longer￿has￿the￿option￿to￿avoid￿the￿accident￿with￿his￿own￿response,￿automatic￿brake intervention￿is￿effected￿as￿a￿last￿step.￿The￿brake￿intervention￿is￿effected￿at￿a￿brake￿force￿of￿about￿4 m/ s²￿(camera￿based)￿and￿can￿have￿the￿effect￿of￿avoiding￿a￿collision￿up￿to￿a￿differential￿speed￿of￿about 18 km/h.￿At￿higher￿differential￿speeds￿the￿impact￿speed￿is￿reduced￿by￿a￿smaller￿amount.￿Just￿like￿the driver￿can￿support￿the￿effect￿of￿the￿system,￿he￿also￿has￿the￿option￿of￿overriding￿and￿thus￿cancelling the￿automatic￿panic￿braking￿at￿any￿time￿with￿a￿steering￿wheel￿movement￿(avoidance￿maneuver),￿by accelerating￿or￿with￿a￿sharp￿brake￿intervention. With￿the￿camera￿and￿radar￿based,￿collision￿warning￿system￿(included￿with￿OE￿5AT);￿If￿the￿driver￿no longer￿has￿the￿option￿to￿avoid￿the￿accident￿with￿his￿own￿response,￿automatic￿brake￿intervention￿is effected￿as￿a￿last￿step.￿The￿brake￿intervention￿is￿effected￿at￿a￿brake￿force￿of￿about￿8 m/s²￿(camera/radar based)￿and￿can￿have￿the￿effect￿of￿avoiding￿a￿collision￿up￿to￿a￿differential￿speed￿(delta)￿of￿about￿30 km/ Therefore,￿both￿systems￿can￿bring￿car￿to￿a￿stop,￿the￿difference￿is￿that￿you￿are￿more￿likely￿to￿see￿this happen￿in￿a￿5AT￿car￿then￿a￿5AS￿car.￿This￿is￿why￿5AS￿is￿referred￿to￿as￿“city￿collision￿MITIGATION” because￿this￿is￿the￿more￿likely￿use￿case￿as￿opposed￿to￿“AVOIDANCE”￿with￿5AT. The￿brake￿intervention￿is￿effected￿for￿pedestrians￿in￿the￿speed￿range￿between￿10￿and￿60 km/h￿and￿for vehicles￿in￿the￿speed￿range￿between￿5￿and￿60 km/h. For￿a￿brake￿intervention￿to￿be￿possible,￿the￿Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC)￿must￿be￿switched￿on.
  • Page 30 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 7.￿Collision￿Warning Time￿plan￿for￿collision￿warning￿with￿city￿braking￿function￿(OE￿ZN3) The￿time￿plan￿of￿the￿warnings￿and￿braking￿is￿demonstrated￿in￿the￿following￿graphic.￿If￿an￿avoidance measure￿by￿the￿driver￿is￿detected,￿there￿is￿no￿brake￿intervention. Time￿plan￿for￿the￿collision￿warning Index Explanation Collision￿warning￿("early") Collision￿warning￿("late") Acute￿warning￿(acoustic￿warning￿signal,￿brake￿system￿is￿pre-filled￿and￿brake assistants￿are￿adapted) Braking￿at￿4 m/s²￿is￿applied￿with￿the￿5AS￿city￿brake￿activation￿(only￿between￿5 and￿60 km/h)￿and￿8 m/s²￿with￿the￿(5AT)￿camera/radar￿based￿system KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿detection￿range...

  • Page 31: Operation

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 7.￿Collision￿Warning 7.3.￿Operation The￿collision￿warning￿and￿pedestrian￿warning￿are￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿via￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button. G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button Index Explanation Intelligent￿Safety￿button The￿point￿at￿which￿the￿early￿collision￿warning￿is￿issued￿can￿be￿configured￿in￿the￿"Intelligent￿Safety systems"￿menu￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿(CID).
  • Page 32 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 7.￿Collision￿Warning G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿view￿on￿the￿CID￿(collision￿warning￿with￿city￿brake￿activation) Index Explanation "Configure￿INDIVIDUAL" "Collision￿warning"￿(selected￿setting:￿Early) "Collision￿warning"￿(settings￿options:￿Early,￿Medium,￿Late) The￿acute￿warning￿cannot￿be￿deactivated￿separately.￿The￿timing￿of￿the￿acute￿warning￿also￿cannot be￿adjusted.￿If￿the￿acute￿warning￿is￿not￿to￿be￿issued,￿the￿"collision￿warning"￿front￿protective￿function must￿be￿deactivated.￿The￿collision￿warning￿can￿be￿switched￿off￿by￿holding￿down￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety button. It￿is￿also￿not￿possible￿to￿configure￿or￿deactivate￿the￿pedestrian￿warning￿separately.￿The￿"collision warning"￿front￿protective￿function￿must￿be￿also￿deactivated￿by￿holding￿down￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety button￿in￿order￿to￿deactivate￿the￿pedestrian￿warning￿function. G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿view￿on￿the￿CID￿(pedestrian￿warning￿with￿city￿brake￿activation)
  • Page 33 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 7.￿Collision￿Warning Index Explanation "Configure￿INDIVIDUAL" "Pedestrian￿warning￿active" Note￿for￿the￿driver:￿"Pedestrian￿warning￿cannot￿be￿configured." 7.4.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system Range￿of￿detection The￿collision￿warning￿has￿a￿limited￿capacity￿for￿detection. As￿a￿result,￿incorrect￿or￿delayed￿warnings￿may￿occur.￿It￿is￿possible￿the￿following￿vehicles￿are￿not detected: • A￿slow￿vehicle￿when￿driving￿off￿at￿high￿speed • Vehicles￿that￿suddenly￿swerve￿or￿decelerate￿rapidly • vehicles￿with￿an￿unusual￿rear￿view￿or￿with￿insufficiently￿visible￿rear￿lights • Partially￿concealed￿vehicles • Two-wheeled￿vehicles￿travelling￿ahead. Functional￿limitations The￿function￿of￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿and￿thus￿also￿the￿function￿of￿the￿corresponding￿assistance systems￿may￿be￿impaired￿in￿the￿following￿situations,￿for￿example: • Heavy￿fog,￿rain,￿spray￿or￿snow • Insufficient￿light • Strong￿light￿in￿the￿camera￿lens • If￿the￿field￿of￿view￿of￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿or￿the￿windscreen￿is￿dirty • On￿sharp￿bends • With￿pedestrians￿up￿to￿approximately￿80 cm￿in￿height • Up￿to￿10￿seconds￿after￿the￿engine￿start￿via￿the￿START-STOP￿button •...
  • Page 34 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 8.￿Lane￿Departure￿Warning The￿lane￿departure￿warning￿is￿an￿element￿of￿the￿optional￿equipment￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿(SA￿5AS) and￿the￿optional￿equipment￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿(SA￿5AT). The￿lane￿departure￿warning￿detects￿lane￿markings￿from￿a￿speed￿of￿approximately￿70￿km/h￿and￿warns the￿driver￿against￿unintentionally￿leaving￿the￿lane. The￿information￿required￿about￿usable￿roadway￿and￿lane￿markings￿is￿provided￿by￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo camera.￿Based￿on￿the￿calculated￿positions,￿lane￿edges￿and￿curves￿in￿relation￿to￿the￿relative￿position￿of the￿driver's￿vehicle,￿a￿corresponding￿warning￿is￿issued. If￿the￿driver￿crosses￿the￿lane￿marking￿unintentionally￿(without￿using￿the￿turn￿indicator)￿or￿leaves￿the road￿boundary,￿he￿is￿warned￿by￿the￿steering￿wheel￿vibrating￿gently￿and￿has￿the￿opportunity￿to￿react accordingly.￿The￿vibration￿in￿the￿steering￿wheel￿can￿be￿compared￿to￿the￿vibration￿effect￿when￿driving over￿a￿profiled￿road￿marking. In￿the￿settings￿menu￿the￿driver￿can￿set￿the￿desired￿strength￿of￿the￿vibration￿warning￿on￿the￿steering wheel￿via￿the￿iDrive. G12￿steering￿wheel￿vibration￿settings￿menu￿on￿CID Index Explanation Steering￿wheel￿vibration￿menu Additional￿note￿for￿the￿driver "Strong" "Medium" "Light" If￿the￿driver￿uses￿the￿turn￿indicator￿when￿moving￿across￿to￿another￿lane,￿the￿lane￿departure￿warning recognizes￿that￿this￿is￿an￿intentional￿lane￿change￿and￿a￿warning￿is￿not￿issued. The￿lane￿departure￿warning￿can￿be￿configured￿individually￿in￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿system￿submenu.
  • Page 35 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 8.￿Lane￿Departure￿Warning G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿view￿on￿the￿CID￿(lane￿departure￿warning) Index Explanation "Configure￿INDIVIDUAL" "Lane￿departure￿warning"￿(selected￿setting:￿Always) "Lane￿departure￿warning"￿(settings￿options:￿Always,￿Reduced,￿Off) The￿individual￿settings￿applied￿by￿the￿driver￿are￿saved￿for￿the￿driver￿profile￿currently￿in￿use. Displays￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿(KOMBI) Symbol Explanation At￿least￿one￿lane￿boundary￿has￿been￿detected and￿warnings￿can￿be￿issued.
  • Page 36 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 8.￿Lane￿Departure￿Warning 8.1.￿Active￿steering￿intervention In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿side￿collision￿warning￿(included￿in￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿optional￿equipment OE 5AT),￿the￿driver￿is￿assisted￿by￿another￿measure￿known￿as￿"active￿steering￿intervention". If￿the￿driver￿does￿not￿react￿to￿the￿warning￿issued￿by￿the￿lane￿departure￿warning￿system￿and￿crosses the￿lane￿marking,￿he￿is￿assisted￿to￿stay￿in￿lane￿by￿a￿brief￿active￿steering￿intervention. G12￿active￿steering￿intervention G12￿lane￿departure￿warning￿(active￿steering￿intervention) The￿active￿steering￿intervention￿can￿be￿felt￿on￿the￿steering￿wheel,￿but￿can￿be￿overridden￿by￿the￿driver at￿any￿time.￿If￿the￿driver￿does￿override￿the￿intervention,￿the￿active￿steering￿intervention￿is￿cancelled. The￿"steering￿intervention"￿for￿the￿lane￿departure￿warning￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿in￿the￿iDrive menu￿in￿vehicles￿with￿the￿side￿collision￿warning￿by￿making￿the￿following￿selection￿via￿the￿controller: • "My￿Vehicle" • "Vehicle￿settings" • "Intelligent￿Safety" • "Steering￿intervention" The￿configuration￿menu￿can￿be￿accessed￿quickly￿by￿pressing￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button.
  • Page 37 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 8.￿Lane￿Departure￿Warning G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿view￿on￿the￿CID￿(lane￿departure￿warning￿with￿active￿steering￿intervention) Index Explanation "Configure￿INDIVIDUAL" "Steering￿intervention"￿(switching￿the￿steering￿intervention￿for￿lane￿departure warning￿on￿and￿off) Steering￿interventions￿are￿not￿initiated￿when￿the￿trailer￿socket￿is￿in￿use,￿such￿as￿when￿a￿trailer￿is￿being towed￿or￿a￿bicycle￿carrier￿is￿mounted.
  • Page 38 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 8.￿Lane￿Departure￿Warning 8.2.￿System￿wiring￿diagram G12￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿(OE￿5AT)/lane￿departure￿warning￿system￿wiring￿diagram...
  • Page 39 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 8.￿Lane￿Departure￿Warning Index Explanation Control￿units￿for￿radar￿sensor,￿left￿(RSL)￿(side￿radar￿sensor for￿the￿front￿left￿side￿collision￿warning) Active￿Cruise￿Control￿(ACC) Control￿units￿for￿radar￿sensor,￿right￿(RSR)￿(side￿radar￿sensor for￿the￿front￿right￿side￿collision￿warning) Electronic￿Power￿Steering￿EPS Fuse￿for￿power￿distribution￿box,￿front￿right Electronic￿transmission￿control￿(EGS) Diagnostic￿socket CAN￿terminator Signal￿unit￿(LED)￿in￿right￿mirror￿glass Body￿Domain￿Controller￿(BDC) CAN￿terminator Advanced￿Crash￿Safety￿Module￿(ACSM) Blind￿spot￿detection,￿right￿(primary) Blind￿spot￿detection,￿left￿(secondary) Seat￿belt￿buckle￿switch,￿driver Steering￿column￿switch￿cluster￿(SZL) Driver's￿door￿lock￿switch Intelligent￿Safety￿button Instrument￿panel￿(KOMBI) Controller￿CON Head‐Up￿Display￿(HUD) Switch￿block￿for￿driver's￿door Central￿information￿display￿(CID) Head￿Unit￿High￿2￿(HU-H2) Audio￿control￿panel Control￿unit￿for￿optional￿equipment￿system￿(SAS) Signal￿unit￿(LED)￿in￿left￿mirror￿glass CAN￿terminator Rain-light-solar-condensation￿sensor￿(RLSBS) KAFAS￿stereo￿camera Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC) Digital￿Motor￿Electronics￿(DME) KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿heating...
  • Page 40 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 8.￿Lane￿Departure￿Warning 8.3.￿Deactivation￿criteria The￿lane￿departure￿warning￿is￿available￿at￿a￿speed￿range￿from￿70￿to￿210￿km/h. A￿warning￿is￿not￿issued￿in￿the￿following￿situations: • When￿the￿driver￿uses￿the￿turn￿indicator • In￿roadworks • When￿the￿lane￿width￿is￿less￿than￿2.60￿m The￿warning￿is￿cancelled￿in￿the￿following￿situations: • Automatically￿after￿approximately￿3￿seconds • As￿soon￿as￿the￿driver￿moves￿back￿into￿his￿own￿lane • If￿the￿turn￿indicator￿is￿used • When￿sharp￿braking￿or￿steering￿maneuvers￿are￿made￿and when￿the￿Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC)￿intervenes. 8.4.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system The￿function￿of￿the￿system￿may￿not￿be￿available￿or￿may￿only￿be￿available￿to￿a￿limited￿extent￿in￿the following￿situations: • heavy￿fog,￿rain￿or￿snow • at￿sharp￿bends￿or￿on￿narrow￿roadways • if￿boundary￿lines￿are￿covered￿by￿snow,￿ice,￿dirt￿or￿water • if￿boundary￿lines￿are￿covered￿by￿objects • if￿boundary￿lines￿are￿missing,￿worn,￿poorly￿visible,￿converging￿or￿diverging, or￿not￿clearly￿recognizable,￿such￿as￿when￿driving￿through￿roadworks The￿system￿does￿not￿replace￿the￿personal￿assessment￿of￿the￿road￿and￿the￿traffic￿situation.￿The￿lane departure￿warning￿is￿only￿intended￿to￿assist￿the￿driver.￿When￿active￿lane￿departure￿warnings￿are issued,￿the￿steering￿wheel￿should￿not￿be￿moved￿through￿any￿unnecessarily￿heavy-handed￿actions.
  • Page 41 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 9.￿Blind￿Spot￿Detection The￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿system￿can￿detect￿traffic￿situations￿that￿could￿pose￿a￿risk￿if￿the￿driver changes￿lane.￿These￿traffic￿situations￿include￿vehicles￿approaching￿quickly￿from￿behind￿or￿vehicles in￿the￿driver's￿blind￿spot. The￿driver￿may￿find￿it￿difficult￿to￿judge￿these￿situations,￿especially￿when￿it￿is￿dark.￿The￿radar￿sensors detect￿vehicles￿in￿the￿blind￿spot￿and￿work￿effectively￿regardless￿of￿the￿lighting￿conditions.￿In￿addition, they￿are￿able￿to￿reliably￿detect￿such￿situations￿up￿to￿a￿distance￿of￿approximately￿70￿m￿away￿and irrespective￿of￿the￿weather￿conditions. G12￿vehicle￿detection￿using￿radar￿sensors￿(Blind￿spot￿detection) When￿a￿vehicle￿is￿approaching￿quickly￿or￿moves￿into￿the￿blind￿spot￿of￿the￿driver's￿vehicle,￿the￿system assists￿the￿driver￿by￿correctly￿judging￿the￿situation.￿If￿the￿lane￿next￿to￿the￿driver's￿vehicle￿is￿occupied, the￿radar￿sensors￿detect￿the￿vehicles￿in￿the￿neighboring￿lane. The￿control￿units￿(radar￿sensors)￿for￿the￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿(SWW)￿are￿located￿under￿the￿rear bumper. G12￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿(SWW)￿(radar￿sensors) The￿control￿unit￿for￿the￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿(SWW)￿(primary)￿is￿installed￿on￿the￿right￿and￿the￿control unit￿for￿the￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿(SWW2)￿(secondary)￿is￿installed￿on￿the￿left. When￿a￿vehicle￿is￿detected￿and￿the￿system￿is￿activated,￿the￿driver￿is￿informed￿of￿the￿situation￿by￿an unobtrusive￿indicator￿in￿the￿exterior￿mirror.￿By￿having￿this￿information￿before￿making￿a￿lane￿change maneuver,￿the￿driver￿can￿confidently￿prepare￿for￿the￿lane￿change￿and￿avoid￿critical￿situations￿from...
  • Page 42 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 9.￿Blind￿Spot￿Detection the￿outset. The￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿indicators￿are￿located￿in￿the￿exterior￿mirror￿glass. G12￿signal￿unit￿(LED)￿in￿mirror￿glass If￿the￿driver￿intends￿to￿make￿a￿lane￿change￿in￿what￿the￿system￿detects￿to￿be￿a￿critical￿situation,￿and demonstrates￿this￿intention￿by￿using￿the￿turn￿indicator,￿the￿second,￿more￿severe￿"warning"￿is￿issued. The￿corresponding￿indicator￿in￿the￿exterior￿mirror￿flashes￿with￿high￿intensity￿and￿the￿steering￿wheel starts￿to￿vibrate.￿This￿warns￿the￿driver￿using￿the￿exact￿operating￿element￿that￿he￿must￿use￿to￿make￿the dangerous￿situation￿safe.￿To￿avoid￿a￿potential￿collision,￿the￿driver￿must￿steer￿the￿vehicle￿back￿into￿his own￿lane. The￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿can￿be￿configured￿individually￿in￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿system￿submenu.
  • Page 43 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 9.￿Blind￿Spot￿Detection G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿view￿on￿the￿CID￿(Blind￿spot￿detection) Index Explanation "Configure￿INDIVIDUAL" "Blind￿spot￿detection"￿(selected￿setting:￿Medium) "Blind￿spot￿detection"￿(settings￿options:￿Early,￿Medium,￿Late,￿Off) 9.1.￿Active￿steering￿intervention Depending￿on￿the￿setting￿in￿the￿"Intelligent￿Safety"￿menu,￿a￿brief￿active￿steering￿intervention￿is initiated￿by￿the￿system￿that￿assists￿in￿moving￿the￿vehicle￿back￿into￿the￿original￿lane￿(vehicles￿with￿the side￿collision￿warning￿(included￿in￿the￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿optional￿equipment￿OE￿5AT)). G12￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿(active￿steering￿intervention) The￿corresponding￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿indicator￿flashes￿in￿the￿exterior￿mirror￿at￿the￿same￿time. The￿steering￿intervention￿is￿initiated￿within￿a￿speed￿range￿of￿between￿70 km/h￿and￿210 km/h. The￿active￿steering￿intervention￿can￿be￿felt￿on￿the￿steering￿wheel,￿but￿can￿be￿overridden￿by￿the￿driver at￿any￿time.￿If￿the￿driver￿does￿override￿the￿intervention,￿the￿active￿steering￿intervention￿is￿cancelled.
  • Page 44 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 9.￿Blind￿Spot￿Detection The￿"steering￿intervention"￿for￿the￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿in￿the￿iDrive￿menu in￿vehicles￿with￿the￿side￿collision￿warning￿by￿making￿the￿following￿selection￿via￿the￿controller: • "My￿Vehicle" • "Vehicle￿settings" • "Intelligent￿Safety" • "Steering￿intervention" The￿configuration￿menu￿can￿be￿accessed￿quickly￿by￿pressing￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button. G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿view￿on￿the￿CID￿(Blind￿spot￿detection￿with￿active￿steering￿intervention) Index Explanation "Configure￿INDIVIDUAL" "Steering￿intervention"￿(switching￿the￿steering￿intervention￿for￿Blind￿spot detection￿on￿and￿off)
  • Page 45 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 9.￿Blind￿Spot￿Detection 9.2.￿System￿wiring￿diagram G12￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿(OE￿5AS)/Blind￿spot￿detection￿system￿wiring￿diagram...
  • Page 46 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 9.￿Blind￿Spot￿Detection Index Explanation Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC) KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿heating KAFAS￿stereo￿camera Rain-light-solar-condensation￿sensor￿(RLSBS) Steering￿column￿switch￿cluster￿(SZL) Intelligent￿Safety￿button Audio￿control￿panel Advanced￿Crash￿Safety￿Module￿(ACSM) Body￿Domain￿Controller￿(BDC) Fuse￿for￿front￿right￿power￿distribution￿box Signal￿unit￿(LED)￿in￿right￿mirror￿glass CAN￿terminator Fuse￿for￿rear￿right￿power￿distribution￿box Blind￿spot￿detection,￿left￿(secondary) Blind￿spot￿detection,￿right￿(primary) Switch￿block￿for￿driver's￿door Signal￿unit￿(LED)￿in￿left￿mirror￿glass 9.3.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system The￿function￿of￿the￿system￿may￿not￿be￿available￿or￿may￿only￿be￿available￿to￿a￿limited￿extent￿in￿the following￿situations: • heavy￿fog,￿rain￿or￿snow • at￿sharp￿bends￿or￿on￿narrow￿roadways • if￿the￿bumper￿is￿dirty,￿iced￿up￿or￿stickers￿are￿placed￿over￿it • if￿the￿speed￿of￿the￿approaching￿vehicle￿is￿much￿higher￿than￿the￿driver's￿speed...
  • Page 47 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 10.￿Side￿Collision￿Warning The￿side￿collision￿warning￿is￿part￿of￿the￿active￿lane￿keeping￿assistant￿with￿active￿side￿collision protection.￿The￿active￿lane￿keeping￿assistant￿with￿active￿side￿collision￿protection￿is￿part￿of￿the￿scope￿of supply￿of￿the￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5AT).￿The￿side￿collision￿warning￿is not￿available￿separately. The￿side￿collision￿warning￿assists￿the￿driver￿in￿avoiding￿a￿potential￿side￿collision. If￿an￿object￿with￿which￿the￿vehicle￿could￿potentially￿collide,￿such￿as￿a￿vehicle￿or￿a￿crash￿barrier,￿is detected￿to￿the￿side￿of￿the￿driver's￿vehicle,￿the￿driver￿is￿assisted￿in￿avoiding￿the￿potential￿collision. Four￿radar￿sensors￿monitor￿the￿area￿next￿to￿the￿vehicle￿and￿function￿regardless￿of￿the￿lighting conditions￿and￿largely￿irrespective￿of￿the￿weather￿conditions. G12￿vehicle￿detection￿using￿radar￿sensors￿(side￿collision￿warning) If￿there￿is￿a￿risk￿of￿a￿collision,￿the￿corresponding￿indicator￿flashes￿(depending￿on￿which￿side￿the￿risk relates￿to,￿left￿or￿right)￿in￿the￿exterior￿mirror￿with￿high￿intensity￿and￿the￿steering￿wheel￿starts￿to￿vibrate. G12￿signal￿unit￿(LED)￿in￿mirror￿glass An￿active￿steering￿intervention￿is￿then￿initiated,￿which￿assists￿the￿driver￿in￿moving￿his￿vehicle￿back...
  • Page 48 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 10.￿Side￿Collision￿Warning to￿a￿safe￿area￿within￿his￿own￿lane. G12￿side￿collision￿warning￿with￿active￿steering￿intervention￿in￿the￿event￿of￿a￿potential￿side￿collision The￿steering￿intervention￿is￿initiated￿within￿a￿speed￿range￿of￿between￿70 km/h￿and￿210 km/h. The￿active￿steering￿intervention￿can￿be￿felt￿on￿the￿steering￿wheel,￿but￿can￿be￿manually￿overridden￿by the￿driver￿at￿any￿time. Radar￿sensors The￿rear￿radar￿sensors￿are￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿(SWW)￿sensors. G12￿Blind￿spot￿detection￿(SWW)￿(radar￿sensors) Two￿additional￿radar￿sensors￿are￿used￿for￿the￿front￿side￿collision￿warning. G12￿side￿collision￿warning￿(radar￿sensors)
  • Page 49 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 10.￿Side￿Collision￿Warning Functional￿prerequisites A￿prerequisite￿for￿the￿activation￿of￿the￿side￿collision￿warning￿with￿steering￿intervention￿is￿that￿the lane￿markings￿must￿be￿detected￿by￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera. If￿the￿lane￿markings￿are￿not￿detected￿or￿if￿the￿driver￿is￿driving￿within￿the￿speed￿range￿of￿30 km/h to￿70 km/h,￿only￿the￿reduced￿side￿collision￿warning￿is￿active.￿The￿warning￿functions￿in￿the￿form￿of the￿flashing￿indicator￿in￿the￿exterior￿mirror￿and￿the￿vibration￿of￿the￿steering￿wheel￿continue￿to￿be implemented. With￿the￿reduced￿side￿collision￿warning￿there￿is￿no￿active￿lateral￿guidance￿of￿the￿vehicle.￿In￿this￿case the￿driver￿is￿only￿warned￿by￿a￿single￿steering￿wheel￿pulse￿on￿the￿opposite￿side￿of￿the￿wheel￿to￿the danger. The￿side￿collision￿warning￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿in￿the￿iDrive￿menu￿by￿making￿the￿following selection￿via￿the￿controller: • "My￿Vehicle" • "Vehicle￿settings" • "Intelligent￿Safety" • "Side￿Collision￿Warning" The￿configuration￿menu￿can￿be￿accessed￿quickly￿by￿pressing￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿button. G12￿Intelligent￿Safety￿view￿on￿the￿CID￿(side￿collision￿warning)
  • Page 50 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 10.￿Side￿Collision￿Warning Index Explanation "Configure￿INDIVIDUAL" "Side￿collision￿warning" "Side￿collision￿warning"￿(switching￿the￿side￿collision￿warning￿with￿steering intervention￿on￿and￿off) It￿is￿not￿possible￿to￿switch￿off￿the￿steering￿intervention￿for￿the￿side￿collision￿warning￿separately. The￿side￿collision￿warning￿automatically￿activates￿itself￿again￿after￿the￿vehicle￿moves￿off￿if￿the￿function was￿switched￿on￿at￿the￿time￿of￿the￿last￿engine￿shutdown. 10.1.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system The￿function￿of￿the￿system￿may￿not￿be￿available￿or￿may￿only￿be￿available￿to￿a￿limited￿extent￿in￿the following￿situations: • heavy￿fog,￿rain￿or￿snow • at￿sharp￿bends￿or￿on￿narrow￿roadways • if￿the￿bumper￿is￿dirty,￿iced￿up￿or￿labels￿are￿placed￿over￿it • If￿driving￿at￿close￿proximity￿to￿a￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead • if￿the￿speed￿of￿the￿approaching￿vehicle￿is￿much￿higher￿than￿the￿driver's￿speed...
  • Page 51 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 11.￿Road￿Sign￿Recognition The￿Speed￿Limit￿Information￿optional￿equipment￿has￿been￿expanded￿to￿include￿the￿display￿of￿most legal￿signs￿(￿i.e.￿normal￿speed￿limit￿signs,￿school￿signs,￿construction￿signs)￿and￿will￿be￿referred￿to￿as road￿sign￿recognition￿from￿now￿on￿in￿this￿document.￿Current￿top￿speed￿limitations￿and￿no￿overtaking signs￿are￿detected￿by￿the￿road￿sign￿recognition￿system￿and￿displayed￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿or￿the Head‐Up￿Display￿in￿the￿form￿of￿road￿sign￿symbols. Top￿speed￿limitation￿symbol￿shown￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster Index Explanation Road￿sign￿recognition￿(example:￿a￿detected￿top￿speed￿limitation￿is￿displayed) The￿display￿of￿road￿signs￿is￿based￿on￿the￿evaluation￿of￿data￿from￿the￿navigation￿system￿and￿the evaluation￿of￿image￿data￿recorded￿by￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera. The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿detects￿road￿signs￿at￿the￿edge￿of￿the￿road￿and￿also￿the￿variable￿displays￿of gantry￿signs.￿Road￿signs￿containing￿additional￿information,￿e.g.￿"In￿wet￿conditions",￿are￿also￿detected and￿synchronised￿with￿vehicle-internal￿data,￿e.g.￿the￿rain￿sensor,￿and￿displayed￿depending￿on￿the situation. The￿system￿also￿takes￿the￿applicable￿time￿restrictions￿identified￿into￿account,￿e.g.￿"between￿10.00 pm￿and￿6.00￿am".￿The￿current￿time￿of￿the￿on-board￿clock￿is￿used￿for￿this.￿The￿system￿takes￿the information￿stored￿in￿the￿navigation￿system￿into￿account￿and￿displays￿existing￿top￿speed￿limitations on￿sections￿of￿road￿without￿signage. Road￿sign￿recognition￿(Speed￿Limit￿Information)￿is￿part￿of￿the￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿optional equipment￿(OE￿5AS)￿in￿the￿G12. The￿system￿does￿not￿relieve￿the￿driver￿of￿personal￿responsibility￿for￿correctly￿judging￿the￿visibility￿and traffic￿situation.￿The￿driver￿is￿solely￿responsible￿for￿the￿vehicle￿and￿the￿speed￿at￿which￿it￿is￿driven.

  • Page 52: Operation

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 11.￿Road￿Sign￿Recognition 11.1.￿Operation The￿road￿sign￿recognition￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿in￿the￿iDrive￿menu.￿by￿making￿the￿following selection￿via￿the￿controller: • "My￿Vehicle" • "System￿settings" • "Displays" • "Instrument￿Cluster" • Apply￿desired￿settings. 11.2.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system Road￿signs￿for￿top￿speed￿limitations￿that￿do￿not￿comply￿with￿the￿legal￿standard,￿particularly￿those without￿circular￿frames,￿are￿not￿always￿detected.￿The￿same￿also￿applies￿for￿traffic￿signs￿which￿are￿fully or￿partially￿covered￿by￿labels,￿dirt￿or￿vegetation.￿Long￿distances￿to￿the￿road￿sign,￿high￿driving￿speeds and￿poor￿weather￿conditions,￿particularly￿at￿night,￿make￿it￿more￿difficult￿for￿the￿system￿to￿recognize road￿signs￿reliably.￿To￿ensure￿the￿current￿top￿speed￿limitations￿are￿displayed￿as￿accurately￿as￿possible, the￿data￿of￿the￿navigation￿road￿map￿should￿be￿up-to-date. The￿functionality￿of￿the￿road￿sign￿recognition￿may￿be￿impaired￿in￿the￿following￿situations￿and￿may￿lead to￿incorrect￿information￿being￿displayed: • heavy￿fog,￿rain￿or￿snow • if￿signs￿are￿covered￿by￿objects • If￿driving￿at￿close￿proximity￿to￿a￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead • Strong￿light￿in￿the￿camera￿lens • if￿the￿windscreen￿in￿front￿of￿the￿interior￿mirror￿is￿misted￿over,￿soiled￿or￿covered￿by￿stickers,￿etc. • as￿a￿result￿of￿incorrect￿detection￿by￿the￿camera • if￿the￿top￿speed￿limitations￿stored￿in￿the￿navigation￿system￿are￿incorrect • in￿areas￿not￿covered￿by￿the￿navigation￿system •...
  • Page 53 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 11.￿Road￿Sign￿Recognition Additional￿information￿is￿requested￿by￿the￿system￿from￿the￿vehicle￿electrical￿system￿before￿displaying speed￿limits￿or￿no￿overtaking￿signs￿with￿restrictive￿validity.￿For￿example,￿for￿"in￿wet￿weather"￿signs￿the status￿of￿the￿wiper￿is￿evaluated￿or￿for￿"in￿frost/snow"￿the￿temperature￿value￿of￿the￿outside￿temperature sensor￿is￿evaluated. Temporal￿restrictions￿of￿the￿speed￿limit￿or￿no￿overtaking￿sign￿can￿only￿be￿evaluated￿correctly￿if￿the validity￿duration￿is￿stored￿in￿the￿navigation￿map￿and￿the￿clock￿is￿set￿correctly￿in￿the￿vehicle.￿Otherwise, the￿speed￿limit￿or￿the￿no￿overtaking￿sign￿is￿displayed￿as￿currently￿valid. The￿trailer￿signal￿for￿vehicles￿in￿trailer￿towing￿is￿not￿evaluated￿for￿the￿display￿of￿speed￿limits￿as￿the speed￿limits￿for￿vehicles￿with￿trailer￿are￿specific￿to￿the￿national￿market￿and￿dependent￿on￿the￿trailer type. Other￿additional￿characters￿are￿not￿recognized.￿The￿speed￿limit￿or￿the￿no￿overtaking￿sign￿is￿then displayed￿as￿currently￿valid￿without￿the￿interpretation￿of￿the￿additional￿character. Road￿signs￿on￿parallel,￿branching-off￿or￿merging￿roads￿and￿on￿exits Parallel￿roads￿are￿not￿recognized,￿neither￿by￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿nor￿with￿the￿help￿of￿the navigation￿map.￿Signs￿on￿these￿roads￿can￿be￿recognized￿and￿displayed￿as￿speed￿limits￿or￿no overtaking￿for￿the￿current￿road. Speed￿limits￿and￿no￿overtaking￿signs￿for￿forking￿or￿emerging￿roads￿are￿generally￿also￿assumed￿and displayed￿for￿the￿current￿road. Speed￿limits￿for￿exits￿off￿highways￿with￿or￿without￿an￿arrow￿as￿an￿additional￿character￿are￿generally evaluated￿correctly￿and￿suppressed￿in￿the￿display￿if￿driven￿past.￿This￿is￿only￿the￿case￿if￿the￿data￿on￿the navigation￿map￿is￿up-to-date. In￿the￿case￿of￿gantry￿signs￿on￿the￿highway￿with￿different,￿lane-dependent￿speed￿limits,￿the￿speed￿limit which￿is￿closest￿to￿the￿vehicle's￿lane￿is￿displayed.￿There￿is￿no￿adaptation￿of￿the￿display￿after￿a￿later￿lane change. Information￿signs￿in￿the￿road￿sign￿surroundings Information￿signs￿with￿speed￿limits￿or￿no￿overtaking￿stipulations,￿such￿as￿at￿border￿crossing￿points with￿information￿on￿the￿different￿legal￿maximum￿speeds￿for￿single-lane￿roads￿and￿highways,￿may￿be incorrectly￿recognized￿as￿currently￿valid￿and￿displayed.￿The￿same￿applies￿to￿information￿signs￿with different￿color￿configurations,￿for￿example￿for￿minimum￿or￿recommended￿speeds. Stickers￿on￿vehicles Stickers￿with￿a￿speed￿limit￿on￿vehicles￿ahead￿or￿overtaken,￿such￿as￿trucks,￿buses,￿trailers￿or construction￿machinery,￿etc.,￿may￿be￿incorrectly￿recognized￿as￿a￿currently￿valid￿speed￿limit￿and displayed. Town/city￿limits If￿the￿sign￿for￿the￿entrance￿to￿a￿village/town￿is￿not￿clearly￿recognized￿and￿the￿data￿from￿the￿navigation map￿is￿not￿up-to-date,￿the￿speed￿limit￿at￿the￿entrances￿to￿and￿exits￿from￿villages/towns￿may￿be displayed￿incorrectly. Legal￿changes If￿legally￿prescribed￿maximum￿speeds￿change,￿then￿these￿are￿only￿available￿after￿a￿software￿update.
  • Page 54 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 11.￿Road￿Sign￿Recognition General￿no￿overtaking￿signs No￿overtaking￿signs￿are￿only￿displayed￿if￿these￿are￿also￿signs￿posted.￿General￿no￿overtaking stipulations,￿for￿example￿that￿apply￿at￿level￿crossings￿or￿are￿marked￿by￿a￿continuous￿white￿line￿on￿the roadway,￿are￿not￿displayed￿unless￿an￿additional￿sign￿is￿present. The￿system￿does￿not￿replace￿the￿personal￿assessment￿of￿the￿traffic￿situation.￿Due￿to￿system restrictions￿and￿functional￿limitations,￿it￿may￿transpire￿that￿warnings￿and￿orders￿are￿not￿issued,￿are issued￿too￿late￿or￿are￿unwarranted.￿The￿road￿sign￿recognition￿supports￿the￿driver￿and￿does￿not￿replace the￿human￿eye.
  • Page 55 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 12.￿Proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant The￿proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿points￿out￿to￿the￿driver￿the￿ideal￿time￿at￿which￿to￿release￿the accelerator￿in￿order￿to￿reduce￿consumption,￿thus￿enabling￿the￿driver￿to￿save￿fuel. Data￿from￿the￿navigation￿system￿is￿evaluated￿as￿the￿basis￿for￿the￿calculation.￿Using￿this￿data,￿sections of￿road￿ahead￿that￿require￿a￿reduction￿in￿speed￿can￿be￿detected￿in￿good￿time. Relevant￿sections￿of￿road￿are: • Intersections • Bends • Crossroads • Roundabouts • Entrances￿to￿towns • Top￿speed￿limitations • Highway￿exits The￿proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿function￿is￿available￿in￿the￿G12￿in￿conjunction￿with￿the Navigation￿System￿Professional￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿609). To￿ensure￿the￿coasting￿function￿is￿used￿to￿its￿full￿potential,￿the￿proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿takes into￿account￿whether￿coasting￿is￿currently￿possible￿and￿adapts￿the￿time￿that￿the￿information￿is￿issued accordingly.￿The￿proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿actively￿cancels￿coasting￿if￿it￿is￿possible￿to￿reach￿a section￿of￿road￿ahead￿in￿coasting￿overrun￿mode. The￿proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿helps￿drivers￿who￿are￿not￿familiar￿with￿the￿route￿or￿area￿to￿drive more￿efficiently. Display G12￿proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿displays￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster An￿indicator￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿or￿Head-Up￿Display￿(only￿with￿optional￿equipment￿OE 610)￿alerts the￿driver￿that￿he￿is￿on￿a￿section￿of￿road￿relevant￿for￿the￿proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿and￿gives him￿the￿option￿to￿react￿accordingly. The￿driver￿can￿activate￿or￿deactivate￿the￿indicator￿in￿the￿Head-Up￿Display￿separately.
  • Page 56 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 12.￿Proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant The￿alert￿is￿issued￿even￿if￿the￿section￿of￿road￿ahead￿cannot￿yet￿be￿seen￿by￿the￿driver.￿This￿information is￿displayed￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿or￿Head-Up￿Display￿(optional￿equipment￿OE￿610)￿until￿the￿road section￿is￿reached.￿If￿the￿vehicle￿is￿decelerated￿considerably￿before￿reaching￿the￿road￿section,￿the indicator￿goes￿out￿before￿the￿section￿is￿reached. Proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿symbol￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿and￿Head-Up￿Display The￿maximum￿length￿of￿road￿section￿that￿can￿be￿displayed￿is￿restricted￿to￿approximately￿1500￿m. An￿additional￿symbol￿displays￿the￿detected￿road￿section￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster. Display￿in￿the￿instrument Display￿in￿central Explanation cluster￿(additional￿symbol) information￿display Cornering￿situation￿on￿the route Roundabout￿on￿the￿route Stretch￿of￿road￿with￿bends Speed￿limit￿on￿the￿route In￿the￿driving￿style￿analysis￿display￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿information￿is￿shown￿when￿a corresponding￿road￿section￿lies￿ahead.
  • Page 57 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 12.￿Proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant Driving￿style￿analysis￿display￿in￿central￿information￿display Index Explanation "Driving￿style￿analysis"￿menu Efficiency￿of￿driving￿style￿table￿of￿values Forecast￿table￿of￿values Acceleration￿table￿of￿values Display￿of￿ECO￿PRO￿tips Symbolized￿road￿route In￿the￿driving￿style￿analysis￿view￿the￿driver￿also￿has￿the￿option￿of￿displaying￿information￿on￿his￿driving style. The￿ECO￿PRO￿driving￿style￿analysis￿display￿consists￿of￿a￿symbolized￿road￿route￿and￿a￿table￿of￿values. The￿road￿symbolizes￿the￿efficiency￿of￿the￿driving￿style.￿The￿more￿efficient￿the￿driving￿style￿the smoother￿the￿route.￿The￿table￿of￿values￿contains￿stars.￿The￿more￿efficient￿the￿driving￿style,￿the￿more stars￿there￿are￿in￿the￿table￿and￿the￿quicker￿the￿bonus￿range￿increases. ECO￿PRO￿notes￿are￿displayed￿during￿the￿journey￿as￿support￿for￿an￿efficient￿driving￿style.

  • Page 58: Operation

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 12.￿Proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant 12.1.￿Operation To￿use￿the￿proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant,￿ECO￿PRO￿mode￿or￿ECO￿PRO+￿mode￿must￿be￿activated via￿the￿driving￿experience￿switch. G12￿switch￿block￿with￿driving￿experience￿switch The￿proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿in￿the￿ECO￿PRO￿configuration menu. G12￿ECO￿PRO￿view￿in￿the￿CID￿settings￿menu To￿call￿up￿the￿display￿of￿the￿driving￿style￿analysis,￿make￿the￿following￿selection￿via￿the￿controller: • "My￿Vehicle" • "Technology￿in￿action" • "Driving￿style￿analysis"...
  • Page 59 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 12.￿Proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant Driving￿style￿analysis￿view￿on￿the￿CID The￿proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿can￿be￿used￿when￿the￿route￿guidance￿is￿either￿active￿or inactive.￿When￿the￿route￿guidance￿is￿not￿active,￿the￿most￿likely￿route￿is￿used￿for￿evaluation.￿However, the￿calculation￿can￿be￿performed￿more￿accurately,￿and￿therefore￿more￿efficiently,￿when￿the￿route guidance￿is￿active. The￿reliability￿of￿the￿system￿depends￿on￿the￿up-to-dateness￿and￿quality￿of￿the￿navigation￿data. 12.2.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system The￿proactive￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿is￿not￿available￿in￿the￿following￿situations: • Speed￿below￿50￿kph • Temporary￿and￿variable￿top￿speed￿limitation,￿such￿as￿on￿building￿sites • Quality￿of￿navigation￿data￿insufficient • Cruise￿control￿active • Trailer￿towing...

  • Page 60: Operation

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 13.￿Alertness￿Assistant The￿attentiveness￿assistant￿helps￿to￿avoid￿accidents￿caused￿by￿tiredness￿on￿long,￿monotonous journeys.￿It￿is￿part￿of￿the￿Active￿Protection￿equipment￿(OE￿5AL)￿included￿in￿the￿basic￿equipment. A￿change￿in￿the￿driver's￿driving￿behavior￿is￿perceived￿by￿the￿attentiveness￿assistant.￿In￿the￿event of￿increasing￿inattentiveness￿or￿if￿the￿driver￿is￿tired,￿the￿alertness￿assistant￿shows￿a￿display recommending￿that￿the￿driver￿take￿a￿break￿as￿a￿Check￿Control￿message￿in￿the￿central￿information display￿(CID). The￿alertness￿assistant￿is￿automatically￿active￿after￿each￿engine￿start￿from￿a￿speed￿of￿roughly￿70 km/h. If￿the￿system￿is￿active,￿a￿driving￿behavior￿profile￿is￿created￿at￿the￿beginning￿of￿a￿journey.￿The￿following criteria￿are￿taken￿into￿consideration: • Personal￿driving￿style,￿for￿example￿the￿steering￿behavior • Driving￿conditions,￿for￿example￿the￿time￿or￿journey￿duration • Breaks￿during￿a￿long￿journey • Journey￿duration. 13.1.￿Operation If￿the￿changed￿driving￿behavior￿differs￿markedly￿from￿the￿taught-in￿driving￿behavior￿of￿the￿alertness profile,￿the￿alertness￿assistant￿shows￿a￿break￿recommendation￿in￿the￿central￿information￿display￿(CID). While￿the￿display￿is￿shown￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿(CID)￿the￿following￿settings￿can￿be selected￿using￿the￿controller: • "Do￿not￿ask￿again" • "Places￿to￿stop" • "Remind￿me￿later"￿(in￿this￿case￿the￿break￿recommendation￿appears￿again￿after￿a￿journey duration￿of￿20￿minutes). The￿break￿recommendation￿is￿only￿displayed￿once￿during￿an￿uninterrupted￿journey￿(except￿when "Remind￿later"￿is￿selected). After￿a￿break￿a￿new￿break￿recommendation￿is￿not￿shown￿during￿the￿next￿45￿minutes￿of￿the￿journey. The￿system￿is￿reset￿if￿a￿break￿is￿longer￿than￿50 minutes￿or￿if￿the￿break￿lasts￿longer￿than￿the￿last￿driving time.￿The￿driving￿behavior￿is￿re-taught. The￿attentiveness￿assistant￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿in￿the￿iDrive￿menu.￿The￿driver￿can￿also￿set￿the level￿of￿sensitivity￿in￿this￿menu by￿making￿the￿following￿selection￿via￿the￿controller: •...
  • Page 61 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 13.￿Alertness￿Assistant Alertness￿assistant￿display￿on￿the￿CID Index Explanation "Attentiveness￿Assistant"￿menu Additional￿note￿for￿the￿driver "Sensitive" "Standard" "Off" The￿settings￿differ￿from￿one￿another￿as￿follows: Selected￿setting Explanation "Sensitive" The￿break￿recommendation￿is￿issued￿earlier (significantly￿more￿sensitive￿or￿in￿other￿words earlier￿output￿compared￿to￿the￿"Standard" setting). "Standard" The￿break￿recommendation￿is￿issued￿with￿a defined￿value￿(in￿the￿same￿way￿as￿for￿BMW models￿up￿to￿now). "Off" A￿break￿recommendation￿is￿not￿issued.
  • Page 62 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 13.￿Alertness￿Assistant 13.2.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system The￿functionality￿may￿be￿impaired￿in￿the￿following￿situations￿and￿no￿warning￿or￿an￿incorrect￿warning may￿be￿issued: • If￿the￿clock￿is￿set￿incorrectly • If￿the￿speed￿is￿predominantly￿below￿approximately￿70￿km/h • If￿the￿driver￿adopts￿a￿sporty￿driving￿style,￿for￿example￿rapid￿acceleration￿or￿fast￿cornering • In￿active￿driving￿situations,￿for￿example￿frequent￿lane￿changes • Poor￿road￿condition • Strong￿crosswind. The￿system￿does￿not￿relieve￿the￿driver￿of￿personal￿responsibility￿for￿correctly￿judging￿his￿physical condition.￿Increasing￿inattentiveness￿or￿fatigue￿may￿not￿be￿detected￿at￿all￿or￿in￿time.
  • Page 63 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 14.￿Night￿Vision In￿the￿G12￿the￿Night￿Vision￿system￿is￿available￿in￿the￿form￿of￿BMW￿Night￿Vision￿with￿person￿and￿animal recognition￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿6UK). Night￿Vision￿detects￿people￿and￿animals￿in￿optimum￿conditions￿at￿night￿up￿to￿a￿distance￿of approximately￿100 m￿away￿and￿therefore￿assists￿the￿driver￿especially￿on￿dark￿and￿difficult￿stretches of￿road,￿such￿as￿when￿driving￿on￿single-lane￿roads￿with￿adjacent￿woods. In￿potentially￿dangerous￿situations,￿the￿system￿warns￿the￿driver￿of￿people￿and￿animals￿on￿the￿road. The￿Night￿Vision￿camera￿integrated￿in￿the￿BMW￿radiator￿grille￿records￿the￿area￿in￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle and￿sends￿the￿data￿to￿the￿Night￿Vision￿electronics￿(NVE). G12￿Night￿Vision￿camera Heating￿is￿switched￿on￿to￿avoid￿ice￿forming￿on￿the￿camera￿at￿temperatures￿below￿5° C. The￿image￿data￿is￿analyzed￿by￿the￿Night￿Vision￿electronics￿control￿unit￿and￿the￿corresponding￿image information￿is￿sent￿to￿the￿head￿unit￿via￿the￿Color￿Video￿Blanking￿Signal. G12￿Night￿Vision￿electronics￿(NVE)￿control￿unit...
  • Page 64 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 14.￿Night￿Vision Hot￿objects￿with￿outlines￿that￿resemble￿people￿or￿animals￿are￿detected￿by￿the￿system￿and￿can￿be displayed￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿if￿necessary. G12￿Night￿Vision￿detection￿range Index Explanation Night￿Vision￿camera￿detection￿range Night￿Vision￿camera￿image￿showing￿detected￿person￿(display￿on￿the￿central information￿display) Night￿Vision￿camera￿image￿showing￿detected￿animals￿(display￿on￿the￿central information￿display) Object￿detection￿range • Person￿recognition:￿up￿to￿about￿100￿m • Recognition￿of￿large￿animals:￿up￿to￿about￿150￿m • Recognition￿of￿medium-sized￿animals:￿up￿to￿about￿70￿m Night￿Vision￿detects￿people￿and￿determines￿their￿position￿and￿distance￿from￿the￿vehicle.￿Taking￿into account￿the￿driving￿speed￿and￿steering￿angle,￿the￿system￿calculates￿whether￿there￿is￿a￿potential￿risk and￿displays￿a￿warning￿sign￿(early￿warning)￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿and￿in￿the￿Head-Up￿Display,￿if present. In￿critical￿situations￿a￿warning￿signal￿also￿sounds￿(acute￿warning). The￿warning￿threshold￿values￿are￿also￿dependent￿on￿whether￿the￿person￿or￿the￿animal￿is￿moving￿or standing￿still.￿This￿is￿highlighted￿in￿the￿following￿graphic. Early￿warning The￿early￿warning￿is￿effected￿if￿a￿person￿or￿animal￿is￿detected￿inside￿the￿warning￿range.￿The￿early warning￿shows,￿depending￿on￿the￿location￿of￿the￿person￿or￿animal,￿a￿person￿or￿animal￿in￿yellow￿which is￿located￿inside￿the￿actual￿lane￿or￿is￿moving￿into￿the￿lane.￿Animals￿from￿a￿certain￿height￿can be￿detected,￿for￿example￿deer.
  • Page 65 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 14.￿Night￿Vision G12￿Night￿Vision￿warning￿ranges￿(early￿warning) Index Explanation Minimum￿distance￿about￿8 m Maximum￿distance￿for￿early￿warning￿of￿pedestrians￿about￿100￿m (the￿length￿depends￿on￿the￿driving￿speed) Detection￿range￿of￿the￿Night￿Vision￿camera￿(opening￿angle￿about￿24°) Acute￿warning￿range￿when￿a￿person￿is￿detected Warning￿range,￿early￿warning￿(person￿on￿the￿roadway) Warning￿range,￿early￿warning￿(person￿crosses￿the￿roadway) Acute￿warning The￿acute￿warning￿is￿only￿effected￿in￿the￿case￿of￿immediate￿danger￿of￿a￿collision.￿The￿time￿of￿the￿acute warning￿is￿measured￿so￿that￿a￿collision￿can￿only￿be￿avoided￿by￿immediate￿emergency￿braking￿or￿by swerving.￿With￿the￿acute￿warning￿the￿brakes￿of￿the￿vehicle￿are￿prepared￿for￿emergency￿braking. The￿acute￿warning￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿and￿in￿the￿Head‐Up￿Display￿shows￿a￿red￿flashing￿person or￿animal￿symbol￿on￿the￿roadway.￿In￿addition,￿an￿acoustic￿warning￿signal￿is￿sounded.
  • Page 66 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 14.￿Night￿Vision G12￿Night￿Vision￿warning￿ranges￿(acute￿warning) Index Explanation Maximum￿distance￿for￿early￿warning￿of￿animals￿about￿160￿m￿(the￿length depends￿on￿the￿driving￿speed￿and￿the￿size￿of￿the￿animal￿detected) Maximum￿distance￿for￿acute￿warning￿of￿animals￿about￿100￿m￿(the￿length depends￿on￿the￿driving￿speed￿and￿the￿size￿of￿the￿animal￿detected) Detection￿range￿of￿the￿Night￿Vision￿camera￿(opening￿angle￿about￿24°) Acute￿warning￿range￿when￿an￿animal￿is￿detected Early￿warning￿range￿(the￿width￿of￿the￿detection￿range￿depends￿on￿the size￿of￿the￿animal￿and￿how￿it￿is￿moving) Display￿in￿the￿central￿information￿display￿(CID) The￿pedestrian￿or￿animal￿warning￿is￿effected￿irrespective￿of￿the￿representation￿of￿the￿Night￿Vision camera￿image￿in￿the￿central￿information￿display￿CID. The￿warning￿is￿no￿longer￿shown￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display,￿but￿instead￿only￿appears￿in￿the instrument￿cluster￿and￿on￿the￿Head‐Up￿Display.￿If￿the￿Night￿Vision￿camera￿image￿is￿active,￿identified pedestrians￿and￿animals￿are￿shown￿in￿yellow. Night￿Vision￿camera￿image￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿showing￿detected￿people...
  • Page 67 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 14.￿Night￿Vision Night￿Vision￿camera￿image￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿showing￿detected￿animals...
  • Page 68 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 14.￿Night￿Vision 14.1.￿System￿wiring￿diagram G12￿Night￿Vision￿system￿wiring￿diagram...
  • Page 69 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 14.￿Night￿Vision Index Explanation Night￿Vision￿camera Frontal￿Light￿Electronics,￿Left￿(not￿used￿with￿the￿US￿NVE￿system) Frontal￿Light￿Electronics,￿Right￿(not￿used￿with￿the￿US￿NVE￿system) Night￿Vision￿Electronics Body￿Domain￿Controller￿(BDC) Fuse￿in￿the￿Body￿Domain￿Controller￿BDC CAN￿terminator Fuse￿for￿rear￿right￿power￿distribution￿box CAN￿terminator Controller￿CON Head￿Unit￿High￿2 Central￿information￿display￿CID Audio￿control￿panel Intelligent￿Safety￿button Light￿operating￿unit￿with￿integrated￿button￿for￿Night￿Vision Instrument￿panel￿KOMBI CAN￿terminator...

  • Page 70: Operation

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 14.￿Night￿Vision 14.2.￿Operation Night￿Vision￿is￿automatically￿switched￿on￿every￿time￿the￿vehicle￿sets￿off￿when￿it￿is￿dark.￿The￿warning functions￿are￿therefore￿issued￿irrespective￿of￿the￿view￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display.￿The￿driver can￿switch￿the￿Night￿Vision￿camera￿display￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿on￿and￿off￿by￿pressing the￿Night￿Vision￿button￿in￿the￿light￿operating￿unit. It￿is￿also￿possible￿to￿set￿the￿brightness￿and￿contrast￿of￿the￿Night￿Vision￿display￿via￿the￿iDrive. G12￿button￿for￿thermal￿imaging￿camera/Night￿Vision Index Explanation Night￿Vision￿button...
  • Page 71 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 14.￿Night￿Vision 14.3.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system The￿functionality￿may￿be￿impaired￿in￿the￿following￿situations￿and￿no￿warning￿or￿an￿incorrect￿warning may￿be￿issued: • On￿steep￿summits￿or￿dips￿and￿tight￿bends • If￿the￿camera￿is￿dirty￿or￿the￿protective￿screen￿is￿damaged • In￿heavy￿fog,￿rain￿or￿snow • If￿the￿outside￿temperatures￿are￿very￿high The￿person￿and￿animal￿recognition￿may￿also￿be￿impaired￿or￿may￿not￿issue￿the￿usual￿warnings.￿This can￿occur￿in￿the￿following￿cases: • If￿the￿person￿or￿animal￿is￿fully￿or￿partially￿hidden,￿particularly￿the￿head • If￿the￿person￿is￿not￿in￿an￿upright￿position,￿e.g.￿if￿they￿are￿lying￿down • If￿a￿bike￿has￿non-conventional￿wheels,￿e.g.￿recumbent￿bicycle • If￿the￿system￿has￿been￿affected￿mechanically,￿e.g.￿after￿an￿accident In￿certain￿cases￿small￿animals￿may￿be￿entirely￿visible￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display,￿but￿may￿not￿be identified￿by￿the￿object￿detection.￿As￿a￿consequence,￿a￿warning￿is￿also￿not￿issued. The￿system￿does￿not￿relieve￿the￿driver￿of￿personal￿responsibility￿for￿correctly￿judging￿the￿visibility￿and traffic￿situation.￿The￿driver￿is￿solely￿responsible￿for￿the￿vehicle￿and￿the￿speed￿at￿which￿it￿is￿driven.

  • Page 72: Cameras

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras The￿optional￿equipment￿Surround￿View￿(SA￿5DL)￿is￿part￿of￿ZDB￿Driver￿Assistance￿Plus￿and￿provides support￿when￿parking,￿maneuvering,￿as￿well￿as￿at￿unclear￿exits￿and￿crossroads.￿In￿the￿G12,￿the Surround￿View￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5DL)￿is￿only￿available￿in￿conjunction￿with￿the￿rear￿view￿camera optional￿equipment￿(OE￿3AG). Panorama￿View￿is￿part￿of￿the￿Surround￿View￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5DL). The￿rear￿view￿camera￿is￿available￿as￿standard￿equipment￿(OE￿3AG). 15.1.￿Surround￿view The￿Surround￿View￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5DL)￿shows￿the￿vehicle￿surroundings￿and￿displays￿them in￿TOP￿View￿and￿3D￿View￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display. The￿system￿comprises￿the￿front￿camera,￿the￿two￿cameras￿integrated￿in￿the￿exterior￿mirrors,￿the￿rear view￿camera￿(RFK)￿and￿the￿top￿rear￿side￿view￿camera￿(TRSVC)￿control￿unit.￿The￿cameras￿record the￿area￿from￿various,￿selectable￿angles￿and￿send￿this￿information￿to￿the￿TRSVC￿control￿unit￿via Ethernet.￿The￿images￿from￿the￿four￿cameras￿are￿combined￿into￿a￿panorama￿view￿around￿the￿vehicle from￿different￿angles￿using￿3D￿computer￿graphics.￿The￿video￿signals￿are￿transmitted￿from￿the￿TRSVC control￿unit￿via￿an￿Ethernet￿line￿to￿the￿head￿unit.￿From￿there￿the￿video￿signal￿is￿transmitted￿to￿the central￿information￿display￿via￿an￿Automotive￿Pixel￿Link￿line.￿The￿driver￿can￿choose￿from￿preset￿views or￿can￿freely￿select￿the￿view￿(for￿example￿towbar￿zoom￿and￿car￿wash￿entrances). In￿addition,￿assistance￿functions￿such￿as￿guidance￿lines￿can￿be￿shown￿on￿the￿central￿information display. G12￿configuration￿menu￿view￿for￿Obstacle￿marking￿and￿Parking￿assistance￿lines￿on￿the￿CID Index Explanation "Parking￿assistance￿lines" "Obstacle￿marking"...
  • Page 73 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras The￿following￿camera￿angles￿can￿be￿displayed: • Automatic￿camera￿angle • Side￿view • Front￿camera • Panorama￿View • Reversing￿camera • Moving￿camera￿angle 15.1.1.￿Automatic￿camera￿angle The￿system￿automatically￿shows￿the￿most￿appropriate￿camera￿angle￿depending￿on￿the￿driving situation,￿thus￿providing￿the￿driver￿with￿optimum￿assistance￿when￿parking￿and￿maneuvering.￿The automatic￿camera￿angle￿shows￿a￿steering-dependent￿view￿and￿takes￿into￿account￿the￿respective direction￿of￿travel￿and￿the￿distance￿information￿from￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿(PDC). As￿soon￿as￿obstacles￿are￿detected,￿the￿view￿changes￿to￿a￿fixed￿display￿of￿the￿area￿in￿front￿of￿or￿behind the￿vehicle,￿or￿changes￿to￿the￿corresponding￿side￿view￿if￿required. 15.1.2.￿Side￿view This￿view￿helps￿the￿driver￿to￿position￿the￿vehicle￿next￿to￿the￿curb￿or￿other￿obstacles￿at￿the￿side of￿the￿vehicle￿by￿displaying￿the￿side￿surroundings.￿The￿side￿view￿is￿from￿the￿rear￿to￿the￿front￿and automatically￿focuses￿on￿potential￿obstacles￿if￿there￿is￿a￿collision￿risk. Both￿the￿left￿and￿right￿sides￿of￿the￿vehicle￿are￿recorded. 15.1.3.￿Front￿camera The￿front￿camera￿supports￿the￿driver￿when￿parking￿and￿maneuvering.￿The￿area￿in￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle is￿recorded￿by￿the￿front￿camera￿and￿shown￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display.￿The￿front￿camera￿view cannot￿be￿selected￿separately.￿The￿driver￿must￿select￿the￿"Auto"￿camera￿angle￿to￿view￿it￿or￿if￿desired, switch￿on￿the￿"Panorama￿View"￿function￿(see￿next￿section).
  • Page 74 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras G12￿front￿camera￿view￿on￿the￿CID Areas￿around￿the￿vehicle￿that￿are￿not￿visible￿due￿to￿the￿camera￿angle￿of￿view￿are￿shown￿with￿grey crosshatching. 15.1.4.￿Panorama￿View Panorama￿View￿enables￿the￿driver￿to￿see￿the￿cross￿traffic￿at￿blind￿exits￿and￿Intersections￿before proceeding￿and￿provides￿the￿driver￿with￿optimum￿assistance￿in￿this￿situation.￿Road￿users￿that￿are hidden￿by￿obstacles￿to￿the￿side￿of￿the￿vehicle￿are￿sometimes￿only￿seen￿by￿the￿driver￿very￿late￿or￿not￿at all.￿To￿improve￿the￿view,￿the￿front￿and￿rear￿view￿cameras￿record￿the￿lateral￿roadway￿area.￿Depending￿on which￿drive￿position￿is￿engaged,￿the￿front￿or￿rear￿view￿camera￿can￿be￿activated. G12￿Panorama￿View￿on￿the￿CID...
  • Page 75 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras Yellow￿lines￿in￿the￿screen￿display￿mark￿the￿front￿and￿rear￿ends￿of￿the￿vehicle.￿The￿camera￿image￿is badly￿distorted￿in￿some￿areas￿and￿is￿therefore￿not￿suitable￿for￿estimating￿distances. The￿function￿can￿be￿activated￿using￿the￿Panorama￿View￿button.￿Press￿the￿button￿again￿to￿deactivate the￿function.￿The￿Panorama￿View￿function￿is￿automatically￿deactivated￿at￿speeds￿above￿approximately 15 km/h.￿Panorama￿View￿is￿also￿deactivated￿after￿a￿drive￿position￿change￿(from￿"D"￿to￿"R"￿or￿the opposite). Panorama￿View￿(GPS-based) The￿GPS-supported,￿automatic￿activation￿of￿the￿Panorama￿View￿function￿has￿been￿implemented in￿the￿G12. G12￿automatic￿switch￿on￿at￿a￿set￿activation￿point Positions,￿at￿which￿the￿Panorama￿View￿should￿switch￿itself￿on￿automatically,￿can￿be￿saved￿as￿activation points,￿provided￿that￿a￿GPS￿signal￿is￿received.￿A￿maximum￿of￿ten￿activation￿points￿can￿be￿saved￿for￿the front￿camera. To￿save￿the￿activation￿points,￿the￿driver￿must￿proceed￿as￿follows: Stop￿after￿reaching￿the￿place￿where￿the￿Panorama￿View￿should￿switch￿itself￿on￿automatically. Press￿the￿Panorama￿View￿button￿and￿then￿tilt￿the￿controller￿to￿the￿left.￿Then￿select￿"Add￿activation point"￿(the￿current￿position￿is￿displayed)￿and￿confirm￿by￿selecting￿"Add￿activation￿point".
  • Page 76 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras G12￿setting￿activation￿points Index Explanation "Add￿activation￿point" If￿possible,￿the￿activation￿points￿are￿saved￿with￿the￿town/city￿and￿street￿or￿with￿the￿GPS￿coordinates. The￿direction￿of￿travel￿is￿also￿saved￿in￿conjunction￿with￿the￿activation￿point. The￿driver￿can￿display￿the￿saved￿activation￿points￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display.
  • Page 77 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras G12￿displaying￿activation￿points Index Explanation "Show￿activation￿points" The￿use￿of￿activation￿points￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿via￿iDrive. G12￿Panorama￿View￿activation￿menu￿on￿the￿CID...
  • Page 78 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras Index Explanation "Parking"￿menu "Panorama￿View,￿GPS-based" 15.1.5.￿Reversing￿camera The￿rear￿view￿camera￿supports￿the￿driver￿when￿parking￿and￿maneuvering.￿The￿area￿behind￿the￿vehicle is￿recorded￿by￿the￿rear￿view￿camera￿and￿shown￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display. G12￿rear￿view￿camera,￿view￿on￿the￿CID 15.1.6.￿Moving￿camera￿angle When￿the￿moving￿camera￿angle￿is￿selected,￿a￿circular￿trajectory￿is￿shown￿around￿the￿vehicle￿on￿the central￿information￿display.￿Predetermined￿angles￿can￿be￿selected￿on￿the￿circular￿trajectory￿by￿turning the￿controller￿or￿using￿the￿touch￿function. In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿gesture￿control￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿6U8),￿the￿moving￿camera￿angle￿can￿also be￿controlled￿in￿this￿way. The￿current￿angle￿is￿identified￿by￿a￿camera￿symbol.￿Depending￿on￿the￿view,￿the￿surroundings￿of￿the vehicle￿or￿a￿partial￿area￿of￿the￿surroundings￿are￿shown￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display.
  • Page 79 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras G12￿exterior￿camera￿view￿(moving￿camera￿angle)￿on￿the￿CID To￿leave￿this￿view,￿tilt￿the￿controller￿to￿the￿side,￿press￿it￿or￿touch￿the￿highlighted￿camera￿symbol￿via￿the touch￿screen. If￿gesture￿control￿is￿being￿used,￿the￿gesture￿symbol￿is￿shown￿on￿the￿right￿half￿of￿the￿central￿information display￿screen. G12￿rotating￿the￿camera￿view￿using￿gesture￿control...
  • Page 80 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras 15.2.￿Overview￿of￿exterior￿camera￿operating￿menu Once￿the￿camera￿systems￿have￿been￿activated￿successfully￿the￿driver￿has￿the￿option￿of￿selecting￿the appropriate￿view￿or￿camera￿via￿iDrive. G12￿switch￿block￿with￿Panorama￿View￿button Index Explanation Parking￿assistance￿button Panorama￿View￿button The￿camera￿systems￿can￿be￿activated￿(depending￿on￿the￿vehicle￿equipment)￿as￿follows: • Manually￿by￿pressing￿the￿parking￿assistance￿button￿or￿the￿camera￿button￿(Panorama￿View) • By￿engaging￿drive￿position￿"R" • Automatically￿via￿the￿"Auto￿PDC"￿function • Automatically￿via￿the￿GPS-supported￿automatic￿activation￿of￿the￿Panorama￿View￿function, provided￿that￿activation￿points￿have￿been￿saved...
  • Page 81 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras G12￿exterior￿cameras￿view￿(camera￿angles)￿on￿the￿CID Index Explanation Toolbar Selection￿window Side￿view Automatic￿camera￿angle Reversing￿camera Moving￿camera￿angle Camera￿image Other￿settings￿and￿options￿can￿be￿found￿in￿the￿toolbar,￿depending￿on￿the￿vehicle￿equipment. The￿following￿functions￿may￿be￿available: • Switching￿the￿"Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant"￿function￿on￿and￿off • "Brightness"￿range￿of￿adjustment • "Contrast"￿range￿of￿adjustment • Switching￿the￿"Parking￿assistance￿lines"￿on￿and￿off • Switching￿the￿"Obstacle￿marking"￿on￿and￿off • Activating￿the￿"Car￿wash"￿function • "Settings"￿menu￿(various￿settings￿can￿be￿made,￿such￿as￿use￿of￿the activation￿points￿with￿Panorama￿View)
  • Page 82 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras G12￿operating￿menu￿for￿exterior￿cameras￿and￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant...
  • Page 83 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras 15.3.￿Assistant￿function If￿required,￿the￿driver￿can￿receive￿additional￿assistance￿from￿the￿"Car￿wash"￿functions. 15.3.1.￿Car￿wash￿view The￿car￿wash￿view￿assists￿the￿driver￿when￿entering￿a￿car￿wash.￿When￿the￿car￿wash￿view￿is￿selected, immediately￿before￿entering￿the￿car￿wash,￿a￿bird's￿eye￿view￿is￿displayed￿on￿the￿central￿information display.￿To￿enable￿the￿driver￿to￿align￿the￿vehicle￿more￿easily,￿at￿the￿same￿time￿the￿vehicle's￿tire￿tracks are￿shown￿on￿the￿display. The￿car￿wash￿view￿can￿be￿activated￿via￿iDrive￿in￿the￿toolbar￿under￿the￿"Car￿wash"￿menu￿item. G12￿PDC￿car￿wash￿view￿on￿the￿CID Index Explanation "Car￿wash" 15.3.2.￿Side￿protection The￿side￿protection￿warns￿against￿obstacles￿at￿the￿side￿of￿the￿vehicle￿and￿thus￿supports￿the￿driver when￿parking￿and￿maneuvering. To￿protect￿the￿sides￿of￿the￿vehicle￿from￿collisions￿with￿obstacles,￿additional￿obstacle￿markings￿are shown￿to￿the￿side￿of￿the￿vehicle￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿if￿necessary,￿these￿obstacles￿are tracked￿by￿the￿nearest￿camera.
  • Page 84 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras G12￿side￿protection￿view￿(additional￿obstacle￿markings) More￿information￿on￿the￿side￿protection￿function￿can￿be￿found￿in￿section￿18. 15.3.3.￿Door￿opening￿angle When￿the￿vehicle￿is￿stopped￿and￿the￿selector￿lever￿position￿"P"￿is￿engaged,￿the￿maximum￿opening angle￿of￿the￿doors￿is￿displayed￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display. If￿there￿is￿an￿obstacle￿near￿the￿door￿and￿it￿is￿detected￿by￿the￿side￿protection,￿this￿is￿marked￿on￿the central￿information￿display.￿The￿obstacle￿marking￿display￿only￿points￿out￿objects￿in￿the￿area￿of the￿door.￿It￿is￿not￿possible￿for￿a￿view￿from￿the￿camera￿systems￿to￿be￿displayed,￿as￿the￿door￿area￿is simulated.￿Therefore,￿the￿driver￿is￿only￿informed￿that￿there￿is￿an￿object￿at￿the￿side￿of￿the￿vehicle;￿it￿is not￿certain￿that￿the￿door￿will￿definitely￿collide￿with￿the￿identified￿object.￿The￿driver￿must￿judge￿this￿for himself.
  • Page 85 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras G12￿door￿opening￿angle￿view￿on￿the￿CID The￿"Parking￿assistance￿lines"￿and￿"Obstacle￿marking"￿features￿already￿used￿in￿other￿BMW￿models can￿also￿be￿activated￿and￿deactivated￿via￿iDrive￿in￿the￿toolbar￿under￿the￿relevant￿menu￿items. The￿camera￿systems￿do￿not￿relieve￿the￿driver￿of￿personal￿responsibility￿for￿correctly￿judging￿the￿traffic situation.￿There￿is￿still￿a￿risk￿of￿an￿accident.￿The￿driver's￿driving￿style￿should￿be￿adapted￿to￿the￿traffic conditions.￿The￿driver￿should￿check￿the￿traffic￿conditions￿and￿the￿vehicle's￿surroundings￿by￿looking around￿and￿react￿accordingly￿if￿required. 15.4.￿System￿components Front￿camera The￿front￿camera￿is￿installed￿in￿the￿center￿between￿the￿two￿front￿ornamental￿grilles￿on￿the￿G12. G12￿front￿camera...
  • Page 86 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras Top￿view￿camera The￿two￿top￿view￿cameras￿are￿installed￿in￿the￿exterior￿mirrors￿on￿the￿G12. G12￿left￿top￿view￿camera Index Explanation Exterior￿mirror￿camera 15.4.1.￿Reversing￿camera The￿rear￿view￿camera￿supports￿the￿driver￿when￿parking￿and￿maneuvering.￿The￿area￿behind￿the￿vehicle is￿shown￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display.￿Guidance￿lines￿integrated￿in￿the￿image￿provide￿the￿driver with￿additional￿assistance￿with￿distances,￿the￿turning￿circle￿and￿obstacle￿markings￿function,￿if￿required. The￿driving￿lane￿lines￿are￿dependent￿on￿the￿steering￿angle￿and￿are￿continually￿adjusted￿when￿steering wheel￿movements￿are￿made. The￿turning￿circle￿lines￿can￿only￿be￿shown￿in￿the￿rear￿view￿camera￿image￿in￿conjunction￿with￿the driving￿lane￿lines.￿The￿turning￿circle￿lines￿show￿the￿shape￿of￿the￿smallest￿possible￿turning￿circle on￿an￿even￿roadway.￿From￿a￿certain￿steering-wheel￿angle,￿only￿one￿turning￿circle￿line￿is￿shown. The￿rear￿view￿camera￿is￿located￿in￿the￿tailgate￿handle￿strip.
  • Page 87 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras G12￿rear￿view￿camera The￿control￿unit￿is￿integrated￿in￿the￿rear￿view￿camera￿and￿is￿the￿bus￿user￿at￿K-CAN3.￿The￿video￿signals are￿transmitted￿directly￿to￿the￿Head￿Unit￿High￿2￿(HU-H2)￿via￿a￿CVBS￿line.￿An￿Ethernet￿connection￿for the￿rear￿view￿camera￿(on￿non￿5DL￿cars)￿is￿being￿planned￿for￿a￿later￿version. In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Surround￿View￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5DL)￿a￿rear￿view￿camera￿without￿an integrated￿control￿unit￿is￿installed.￿The￿reversing￿camera￿is￿connected￿to￿the￿TRSVC￿control￿unit￿via Ethernet￿in￿vehicles￿with￿Surround￿View￿(SA￿5DL). 15.4.2.￿TRSVC￿control￿unit The￿exterior￿cameras￿record￿the￿area￿around￿the￿vehicle￿from￿various￿angles￿and￿send￿this￿information to￿the￿TRSVC￿control￿unit￿via￿Ethernet.￿The￿video￿signals￿are￿transmitted￿from￿the￿TRSVC￿control unit￿to￿the￿head￿unit￿via￿an￿Ethernet￿line.￿The￿head￿unit￿transmits￿the￿signals￿to￿the￿central￿information display￿via￿an￿Automotive￿Pixel￿Link￿line. The￿installation￿location￿of￿the￿TRSVC￿control￿unit￿is￿in￿the￿footwell￿on￿the￿driver's￿side.
  • Page 88 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras G12￿TRSVC￿control￿unit 15.5.￿System￿wiring￿diagram The￿system￿wiring￿diagram￿on￿the￿next￿page￿shows￿an￿overview￿of￿the￿system￿components￿used￿when parking￿and￿maneuvering￿the￿vehicle.￿Depending￿on￿the￿vehicle￿equipment,￿partial￿scopes￿may￿also￿be installed.
  • Page 89 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras G12￿parking￿and￿maneuvering￿system￿wiring￿diagram...
  • Page 90 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 15.￿Cameras Index Explanation Ultrasonic￿sensors￿for￿Park￿Distance￿Control,￿front Front￿camera Ultrasonic￿sensors￿for￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC) Electronic￿Power￿Steering￿(EPS) Digital￿Motor￿Electronics￿(DME) Electronic￿transmission￿control￿(EGS) CAN￿terminator CAN￿terminator Fuse￿for￿front￿right￿power￿distribution￿box Right￿side￿view￿camera Body￿Domain￿Controller￿(BDC) Remote￿control￿receiver￿(FBD) Fuse￿for￿rear￿right￿power￿distribution￿box Control￿unit￿for￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿(PMA) Remote￿Control￿Parking￿aerial Ultrasonic￿sensors,￿Park￿Distance￿Control,￿rear￿side Ultrasonic￿sensors,￿Park￿Distance￿Control,￿rear Rear￿view￿camera￿(RFK) Controller￿(CON) Parking￿assistance￿button￿and￿button￿for￿camera￿activation Advanced￿Crash￿Safety￿Module￿(ACSM) Steering￿column￿switch￿cluster￿(SZL) Instrument￿panel￿(KOMBI) Control￿unit￿for￿optional￿equipment￿system￿(SAS) Central￿information￿display￿(CID) Head￿Unit￿High￿2￿(HU-H2) CAN￿terminator Left￿side￿view￿camera Top￿rear￿side￿view￿camera￿(TRSVC)￿control￿unit...
  • Page 91 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 16.￿Park￿Distance￿Control Park￿Distance￿Control￿(PDC)￿assists￿the￿driver￿when￿maneuvering￿in￿and￿out￿of￿a￿parking￿space. The￿current￿distance￿from￿an￿obstruction￿is￿indicated￿by￿acoustic￿signals￿and￿on￿a￿visual￿display. G12￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿(PDC)￿view￿on￿the￿CID The￿front￿and￿rear￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿(OE￿508)￿is￿included￿in￿the￿G12￿standard￿equipment. The￿distance￿from￿an￿obstruction￿is￿measured￿by￿four￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿in￿the￿rear￿bumper panel￿and￿four￿additional￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿in￿the￿front￿bumper￿panel. 16.1.￿System￿components G12￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿system￿components...
  • Page 92 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 16.￿Park￿Distance￿Control Index Explanation Ultrasonic￿sensors￿for￿Park￿Distance￿Control,￿front Central￿information￿display￿CID Operating￿unit Control￿unit￿for￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿PMA Ultrasonic￿sensors,￿Park￿Distance￿Control,￿rear Head￿Unit￿High￿2￿(HU-H2) Vehicles￿that￿do￿not￿have￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿but￿do￿have￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿have a￿separate￿control￿unit,￿which￿is￿recognized￿as￿the￿PMA￿control￿unit￿by￿diagnosis￿and￿is￿also￿referred to￿by￿this￿name￿in￿the￿bus￿diagram.￿In￿other￿words,￿there￿is￿no￿longer￿a￿difference￿in￿the￿naming￿of￿the PDC￿and￿PMA￿control￿unit￿(there￿are￿however￿differences￿in￿the￿hardware￿design￿between￿the￿control units￿and￿the￿software￿is￿adapted￿to￿the￿equipment￿specification). G12￿control￿unit￿for￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿(PMA) 16.2.￿Auto￿PDC Automatic￿activation￿of￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿not￿only￿with￿drive￿position￿"R"￿engaged,￿but￿also with￿"D"￿engaged,￿has￿been￿implemented￿in￿the￿G12. Auto￿PDC￿is￿also￿activated￿automatically￿if￿the￿vehicle￿is￿approaching￿an￿object￿at￿a￿speed￿below approximately￿5 km/h. Use￿case: The￿driver￿is￿driving￿along￿a￿road￿at￿approximately￿50 km/h￿and￿after￿some￿time￿approaches￿an entrance￿gate￿on￿the￿right-hand￿side￿of￿the￿road.￿The￿entrance￿gate￿is￿2.80 m￿wide￿and￿there￿is￿a￿wall on￿each￿side￿of￿it.￿The￿vehicle￿turns￿right￿to￿drive￿into￿the￿entrance￿gate.￿Let￿us￿assume￿that￿in￿this example￿space￿is￿very￿restricted￿and￿given￿the￿difficult￿curve￿radius￿the￿vehicle￿is￿approaching￿the￿left- hand￿wall￿of￿the￿entrance￿gate￿at￿a￿distance￿of￿less￿than￿approximately￿0.6 m.￿In￿this￿case,￿the￿Park Distance￿Control￿would￿be￿activated￿automatically,￿if￿on￿approaching￿the￿wall￿the￿speed￿of￿the￿vehicle does￿not￿exceed￿approximately￿4 km/h. The￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿is￿activated￿automatically,￿if:...
  • Page 93 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 16.￿Park￿Distance￿Control • there￿is￿an￿object￿closer￿than￿0.6 m￿from￿the￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle￿when￿driving￿forwards • there￿is￿an￿object￿closer￿than￿1.5 m￿from￿the￿rear￿of￿the￿vehicle￿when￿reversing • the￿speed￿driven￿does￿not￿exceed￿approximately￿4 km/h The￿PDC￿view￿is￿automatically￿displayed￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display.￿The￿activation￿distance￿of the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿depends￿on￿the￿respective￿situation￿and￿therefore￿may￿vary. A￿sound￿is￿only￿output￿if￿the￿detected￿object￿(in￿front￿of￿or￿behind￿the￿vehicle)￿is￿directly￿in￿the￿lane (risk￿of￿collision).￿If￿the￿detected￿object￿is￿not￿directly￿in￿the￿lane,￿there￿is￿only￿visual￿acknowledgement on￿the￿central￿information￿display. Automatic￿PDC Index Explanation Lane￿without￿object￿contact￿(the￿driver￿receives￿visual￿acknowledgement) Lane￿with￿object￿contact￿(the￿driver￿receives￿visual￿and￿acoustic acknowledgement) Turning￿vehicle Detected￿object Detection￿of￿obstacle￿by￿the￿ultrasonic￿sensors If￿an￿object￿has￿been￿detected￿by￿Auto￿PDC,￿the￿system￿must￿be￿reactivated￿so￿that￿it￿cannot￿be accidentally￿switched￿on,￿for￿example￿in￿a￿car￿wash.￿Reactivation￿is￿effected￿by: • driving￿speed￿>￿5 km/h • drive￿position￿change If￿a￿drive￿position￿change￿is￿made￿into￿neutral,￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿is￿not￿activated￿automatically, again￿to￿avoid￿it￿being￿switched￿on,￿for￿example￿in￿a￿car￿wash. The￿automatic￿switch-on￿function￿when￿obstacles￿are￿detected￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿via￿iDrive.
  • Page 94 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 16.￿Park￿Distance￿Control 16.3.￿Active￿Park￿Distance￿Control In￿G12￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5DP),￿the￿Park￿Distance Control￿function￿has￿been￿extended￿to￿include￿the￿active￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿function.￿This automatically￿brakes￿the￿vehicle￿to￿a￿halt￿when￿it￿is￿travelling￿at￿walking￿speed￿(￿<￿approximately￿6 km/ h)￿if￿an￿object￿is￿detected￿behind￿the￿vehicle. If￿the￿accelerator￿pedal￿is￿pressed￿and￿an￿obstacle￿is￿detected,￿the￿brakes￿are￿preconditioned￿and gentle￿initial￿braking￿is￿initiated￿as￿a￿warning￿for￿the￿driver.￿If￿the￿accelerator￿pedal￿is￿not￿pressed￿and the￿vehicle￿is￿very￿close￿to￿the￿obstacle,￿the￿function￿brakes￿the￿vehicle￿with￿the￿maximum￿possible brake￿force￿until￿it￿comes￿to￿a￿standstill.￿This￿can￿potentially￿avoid￿a￿collision￿or￿reduce￿the￿damage. The￿automatic￿brake￿intervention￿can￿be￿overridden￿at￿any￿time￿by￿pressing￿the￿accelerator￿pedal. Consequently,￿after￿the￿vehicle￿is￿automatically￿braked￿to￿a￿standstill,￿it￿is￿possible￿to￿continue￿to approach￿the￿obstruction￿by￿gently￿pressing￿the￿accelerator￿pedal. The￿active￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿function￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿via￿iDrive. If￿the￿Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC)￿is￿switched￿off,￿then￿the￿active￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿is￿also deactivated.￿If￿the￿active￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿is￿switched￿on￿when￿the￿Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿is switched￿off,￿the￿DSC￿is￿automatically￿switched￿on￿at￿the￿same￿time. The￿system￿does￿not￿relieve￿the￿driver￿of￿personal￿responsibility￿for￿correctly￿judging￿the￿traffic situation.￿The￿driver￿should￿check￿the￿traffic￿conditions￿and￿the￿vehicle's￿surroundings￿by￿looking around￿and￿react￿accordingly￿if￿required. 16.4.￿Side￿protection Vehicles￿with￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5DP)￿have￿side￿protection. Obstacles￿that￿are￿detected￿by￿the￿four￿side￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿integrated￿in￿the￿bumpers￿can￿be displayed￿by￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿system. Display￿in￿the￿central￿information￿display￿(CID) Meaning Colored￿markings Warning￿of￿detected￿obstacles Grey￿markings The￿area￿next￿to￿the￿vehicle￿has￿not￿yet￿been recorded No￿markings No￿obstacles￿have￿been￿detected The￿system￿only￿shows￿stationary￿obstacles￿that￿were￿earlier￿detected￿by￿the￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿when driving￿past. It￿is￿not￿able￿to￿detect￿whether￿an￿obstacle￿has￿since￿moved.￿For￿this￿reason,￿the￿markings￿on￿the display￿are￿shown￿in￿grey￿after￿the￿vehicle￿has￿been￿stationary￿for￿roughly￿13 seconds. More￿information￿on￿the￿side￿protection￿function￿can￿be￿found￿in￿section￿18.6.

  • Page 95: Operation

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 16.￿Park￿Distance￿Control 16.5.￿Operation The￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿system￿is￿enabled￿in￿the￿following￿situations: • if￿drive￿positions￿R￿or￿D￿are￿engaged￿when￿driving￿readiness￿is￿switched￿on • if￿the￿parking￿assistance￿button￿in￿the￿switch￿block￿next￿to￿the￿controller￿is￿pressed when￿driving￿readiness￿is￿switched￿on • if￿Auto￿PDC￿is￿activated￿and￿all￿marginal￿conditions￿for￿automatic￿activation￿are￿met (see￿section￿16.2￿"Auto￿PDC"). G12￿switch￿block￿with￿parking￿assistance￿button Index Explanation Parking￿assistance￿button 16.5.1.￿Auto￿PDC Automatic￿switch-on￿of￿this￿function￿when￿obstacles￿are￿identified￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿in￿the "Settings"￿menu￿using￿the￿controller.￿To￿do￿this￿proceed￿as￿follows: • "My￿Vehicle" • "Vehicle￿settings" • "Parking" • "Automatic￿PDC￿activation" • Apply￿desired￿setting.
  • Page 96 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 16.￿Park￿Distance￿Control The￿setting￿is￿stored￿for￿the￿ID￿transmitter￿currently￿being￿used. Automatic￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿on￿the￿CID Index Explanation "Parking"￿menu "Automatic￿PDC￿activation" 16.5.2.￿Active￿Park￿Distance￿Control The￿active￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿function￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿in￿the￿"Settings"￿menu￿using￿the controller.￿To￿do￿this￿proceed￿as￿follows: • "My￿Vehicle" • "Vehicle￿settings" • "Parking" • "Active￿PDC￿emergency￿inter." • Apply￿desired￿setting. The￿setting￿is￿stored￿for￿the￿ID￿transmitter￿currently￿being￿used.
  • Page 97 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 16.￿Park￿Distance￿Control Active￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿on￿the￿CID Index Explanation "Parking"￿menu "Active￿PDC￿emergency￿inter." 16.5.3.￿Acoustic￿signal￿output The￿driver￿is￿notified￿about￿the￿results￿of￿the￿distance￿measurements￿and￿the￿distance￿warnings acoustically￿via￿the￿audio￿speakers￿and￿optically￿via￿the￿central￿information￿display￿(CID).￿As￿the vehicle￿approaches￿an￿object,￿the￿corresponding￿position￿is￿indicated￿by￿an￿intermittent￿tone￿from￿the audio￿speaker.￿If,￿for￿example,￿an￿object￿is￿detected￿behind￿the￿vehicle￿to￿the￿left,￿the￿rear￿left￿speaker emits￿an￿acoustic￿signal.￿A￿continuous￿alarm￿sounds￿when￿the￿object￿is￿about￿25 cm￿or￿less￿away.￿The volume￿of￿the￿acoustic￿signal￿of￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿system￿can￿be￿adjusted￿in￿relation￿to￿the audio￿playback￿of￿the￿entertainment￿system.
  • Page 98 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 16.￿Park￿Distance￿Control Park￿Distance￿Control￿volume￿control￿menu￿on￿the￿CID Index Explanation "System￿settings" "Sound" "Volume￿settings" "PDC" 16.6.￿Deactivation￿criteria Similar￿to￿other￿BMW￿models,￿the￿deactivation￿is￿distance-/speed-based.￿The￿switch-off￿is￿effected after￿a￿journey￿of￿about￿50 m￿or￿at￿a￿speed￿over￿36 km/h. If￿a￿fault￿develops,￿a￿Check￿Control￿message￿("PDC￿has￿malfunctioned.￿Have￿system￿checked.")￿is displayed￿in￿the￿central￿information￿display￿(CID).￿In￿addition,￿the￿detection￿range￿of￿the￿sensors￿is shown￿shaded￿in￿the￿central￿information￿display￿(CID).
  • Page 99 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 16.￿Park￿Distance￿Control 16.7.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system Due￿to￿the￿physical￿limits￿during￿the￿ultrasonic￿measurement,￿obstructions￿may￿not￿be￿detected￿by￿the Park￿Distance￿Control￿system.￿Several￿examples￿of￿this￿are￿shown￿below: • if￿the￿objects￿are￿thin￿or￿wedge-shaped • when￿the￿objects￿are￿low • when￿objects￿that,￿due￿to￿their￿shape,￿have￿corners￿and￿sharp￿edges • with￿snow • if￿the￿objects￿have￿a￿porous￿surface. A￿warning￿may￿also￿be￿displayed￿although￿there￿is￿no￿obstruction￿in￿the￿detection￿range.￿This￿may￿be the￿case￿in￿the￿following￿situations: • when￿it￿is￿raining￿heavily • if￿the￿sensors￿are￿heavily￿soiled￿or￿iced￿over • if￿the￿sensors￿are￿covered￿with￿snow • if￿the￿street￿surface￿is￿rough • if￿there￿are￿bumps,￿e.g.￿speed￿bumps • in￿large￿right-angled￿buildings￿with￿smooth￿walls,￿e.g.￿underground￿car￿parks • due￿to￿heavy￿exhaust￿gas￿fumes • due￿to￿other￿ultrasound￿sources. To￿ensure￿the￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿remain￿fully￿operational,￿they￿must￿be￿kept￿clean￿and￿free￿of￿ice. When￿cleaning￿the￿sensors￿using￿a￿high￿pressure￿cleaner,￿avoid￿direct￿and￿sustained￿contact￿with￿a high-pressure￿water￿jet.￿Furthermore,￿when￿using￿high￿pressure￿cleaners,￿a￿distance￿of￿at￿least￿30 cm from￿the￿sensors￿must￿be￿maintained. The￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿cannot￿replace￿the￿driver's￿personal￿judgement￿of￿the￿traffic￿situation.￿Also check￿the￿traffic￿situation￿around￿the￿vehicle￿by￿looking￿around,￿otherwise￿there￿may￿be￿a￿risk￿of￿an accident￿as￿a￿result￿of￿road￿users￿or￿objects￿which￿lie￿outside￿the￿detection￿range￿of￿the￿Park￿Distance...
  • Page 100 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 17.￿Cross-Traffic￿Warning The￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿used￿for￿the￿first￿time￿in￿the￿G12.￿This￿warning￿assists￿the￿driver￿when maneuvering￿out￿of￿a￿parking￿space￿and￿in￿other￿everyday￿situations￿where￿it￿is￿difficult￿to￿see￿the traffic,￿such￿as￿at￿blind￿entrances￿and￿exits. Depending￿on￿the￿vehicle￿equipment,￿the￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿available￿for￿the￿front￿and￿rear. The￿system￿can￿detect￿objects￿that￿are￿approaching￿the￿vehicle￿from￿the￿side,￿either￿from￿the￿front￿or rear￿(depending￿on￿the￿vehicle￿equipment).￿The￿driver￿is￿made￿aware￿or,￿if￿necessary,￿warned￿of￿cross traffic￿by￿the￿cross-traffic￿warning￿when￿maneuvering￿out￿of￿a￿parking￿space￿or￿entering￿the￿cross traffic. 17.1.￿Functional￿principle If￿a￿moving￿object￿is￿detected,￿which￿based￿on￿the￿current￿speed￿would￿be￿in￿the￿area￿in￿front￿of￿or behind￿the￿vehicle￿in￿approximately￿the￿next￿three￿seconds,￿a￿visual￿and￿acoustic￿warning￿is￿issued. When￿a￿rear￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿issued,￿the￿LED￿in￿the￿mirror￿glass￿is￿also￿switched￿on.￿The￿Blind spot￿detection￿signal￿unit￿is￿used￿as￿an￿indicator.￿The￿indicator￿is￿switched￿on￿in￿either￿the￿left￿or￿right mirror￿depending￿on￿the￿direction￿from￿which￿the￿object￿is￿approaching￿the￿vehicle. The￿cross-traffic￿warning￿works￿up￿to￿a￿speed￿of￿approximately￿7 km/h.￿Another￿prerequisite￿of￿the function￿is￿that￿the￿side￿radar￿sensors￿are￿able￿to￿detect￿the￿road￿or￿approaching￿object.￿The￿radar sensors￿can￿detect￿objects￿up￿to￿approximately￿30￿to￿40 m￿away￿from￿the￿vehicle. G12￿cross-traffic￿warning￿example:￿maneuvering￿out￿of￿a￿parking￿space Depending￿on￿the￿vehicle￿equipment,￿different￿versions￿of￿the￿cross-traffic￿warning￿and￿displays￿on the￿central￿information￿display￿are￿available.
  • Page 101 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 17.￿Cross-Traffic￿Warning 17.2.￿Rear￿cross-traffic￿warning The￿rear￿cross-traffic￿warning￿assists￿the￿driver￿when￿reversing￿out￿of￿a￿parking￿space￿and￿warns￿of potential￿collisions￿with￿cross￿traffic￿in￿traffic￿situations￿where￿it￿is￿difficult￿to￿see￿obstructions. The￿rear￿cross-traffic￿warning￿function￿is￿included￿in￿the￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿(OE￿5AS) optional￿equipment. The￿warning￿is￿displayed￿in￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿image￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display. In￿conjunction￿with￿the￿rear￿view￿camera￿optional￿equipment￿(OE 3AG),￿the￿rear￿cross-traffic￿warning will￿be￿extended￿to￿include￿an￿additional￿display￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿in￿a￿later￿version. The￿warning￿will￿be￿shown￿in￿the￿form￿of￿a￿red￿bar￿in￿the￿camera's￿video￿screen. The￿rear￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿enabled￿if￿the￿driver￿engages￿the￿"R"￿drive￿position￿or￿the￿Park Distance￿Control￿is￿active. In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Surround￿View￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5DL),￿the￿rear￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿also enabled￿if￿Panorama￿View￿has￿been￿activated. The￿rear￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿available￿at￿speeds￿from￿0￿to￿approximately￿7 km/h. 17.3.￿Front￿cross-traffic￿warning The￿front￿cross-traffic￿warning￿assists￿the￿driver￿when￿entering￿the￿cross￿traffic￿from￿exits￿and￿blind Intersections. The￿front￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿included￿in￿the￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿(OE￿5AT) optional￿equipment.￿If￿the￿cross-traffic￿warning￿for￿the￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle￿is￿installed,￿the￿rear version￿is￿activated￿automatically. The￿warning￿is￿displayed￿in￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿image￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display. The￿front￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿enabled￿if￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿is￿active￿and￿the￿speed￿of￿the vehicle￿does￿not￿exceed￿approximately￿7￿km/h. In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Surround￿View￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5DL),￿the￿front￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿also enabled￿if￿Panorama￿View￿has￿been￿activated. Like￿the￿rear￿cross-traffic￿warning,￿the￿front￿cross-traffic￿warning￿function￿is￿available￿at￿speeds￿from￿0 to￿approximately￿7 km/h.

  • Page 102: Displays

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 17.￿Cross-Traffic￿Warning 17.4.￿Displays The￿respective￿peripheral￿region￿in￿the￿PDC￿view￿flashes￿red￿if￿vehicles￿are￿detected￿by￿the￿sensors. G12￿cross-traffic￿warning￿in￿the￿PDC￿view In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Surround￿View￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5DL),￿the￿warning￿is￿shown￿on￿the￿central information￿display￿in￿the￿PDC￿view￿image￿and￿in￿the￿front￿camera￿and￿rear￿view￿camera￿video￿images in￿the￿form￿of￿a￿red￿bar. If￿Panorama￿View￿is￿activated,￿the￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿shown￿in￿the￿form￿of￿a￿red￿bar￿on￿the￿central information￿display. G12￿Panorama￿View￿(front￿cross-traffic￿warning) The￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿available￿to￿the￿driver￿for￿both￿the￿front￿and￿rear￿views.

  • Page 103: Operation

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 17.￿Cross-Traffic￿Warning G12￿Panorama￿View￿(rear￿cross-traffic￿warning) 17.5.￿Operation The￿cross-traffic￿warning￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿in￿the￿iDrive￿menu￿by￿making￿the￿following selection￿via￿the￿controller: • "My￿Vehicle" • "Vehicle￿settings" • "Parking" • "Cross-traffic￿alert" G12￿cross-traffic￿warning￿activation￿on￿the￿CID...
  • Page 104 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 17.￿Cross-Traffic￿Warning Index Explanation "Vehicle￿settings" "Parking" "Cross-traffic￿alert"￿(switching￿the￿cross-traffic￿warning￿on￿and￿off) If￿the￿cross-traffic￿warning￿has￿been￿activated￿in￿the￿iDrive￿menu,￿the￿function￿is￿switched￿on automatically￿as￿soon￿as￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿or￿Panorama￿View￿is￿active. The￿cross-traffic￿warning￿is￿deactivated￿automatically￿in￿the￿following￿situations: • if￿the￿driver's￿vehicle￿is￿travelling￿at￿a￿speed￿higher￿than￿walking￿speed￿(threshold￿value approximately￿7￿km/h) • if￿the￿steering￿and￿lane￿control￿assistant￿is￿active • if￿the￿driver￿is￿currently￿parking￿using￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant 17.6.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system The￿function￿may￿be￿restricted￿in￿the￿following￿situations: • if￿there￿are￿other￿objects￿in￿the￿field￿of￿view￿of￿the￿sensors￿that￿are￿concealing￿the￿cross￿traffic • In￿heavy￿fog,￿rain￿or￿snow • if￿the￿bumper￿is￿dirty￿or￿iced￿up • if￿stickers￿have￿been￿attached￿near￿the￿radar￿sensors￿on￿the￿bumper • if￿the￿speed￿of￿the￿approaching￿vehicle￿is￿very￿high • if￿crossing￿objects￿are￿moving￿very￿slowly • on￿sharp￿bends If￿a￿trailer￿socket￿is￿being￿used,￿for￿example￿to￿operate￿a￿trailer￿or￿bicycle￿carrier,￿the￿cross-traffic warning￿is￿not￿available￿for￿the￿area￿behind￿the￿vehicle.
  • Page 105 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant The￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿PMA￿supports￿the￿driver￿in￿many￿ways.￿The￿assistant￿measures￿the size￿of￿a￿gap￿between￿cars￿and￿decides￿based￿on￿the￿result￿whether￿the￿gap￿is￿large￿enough￿on￿the one￿hand￿and￿relieves￿the￿driver￿of￿the￿task￿of￿maneuvering￿into￿the￿space￿on￿the￿other.￿The￿Parking Maneuver￿Assistant￿(OE￿5DP)￿is￿optional￿equipment￿in￿the￿G12￿and￿can￿only￿be￿ordered￿in￿conjunction with￿the￿rear￿view￿camera￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿3AG)￿and￿its￿offered￿as￿part￿of￿the￿ZDB￿-￿Driver Assistance￿Plus￿(5AS)￿package. 18.1.￿System￿components Below￿is￿an￿overview￿of￿important￿sensors￿and￿operating￿elements: • The￿parking￿assistance￿button￿is￿the￿central￿control￿panel￿for￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant function￿(position 8). • Two￿additional￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿in￿the￿front￿bumper￿measure￿parking￿spaces￿while￿driving (position 1). • The￿distance￿from￿an￿obstruction￿is￿measured￿by￿four￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿in￿the￿rear￿bumper panel￿and￿four￿additional￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿in￿the￿front￿bumper￿panel￿(positions￿11￿and￿19). • Two￿additional￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿are￿installed￿in￿the￿rear￿bumper￿to￿precisely￿detect￿the￿size of￿a￿transverse￿parking￿space￿during￿the￿parking￿maneuver.￿The￿additional￿ultrasonic￿sensors measure￿the￿distance￿to￿detected￿objects.
  • Page 106 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant G12￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿system￿components Index Explanation Ultrasonic￿sensors￿of￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant Digital￿Motor￿Electronics￿(DME) Body￿Domain￿Controller￿(BDC) Central￿information￿display￿CID Head￿Unit￿High￿2￿(HU-H2) Advanced￿Crash￿Safety￿Module￿(ACSM) Controller￿(CON) Parking￿assistance￿button Ultrasonic￿sensors,￿Park￿Distance￿Control,￿rear￿side Control￿unit￿for￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿(PMA)
  • Page 107 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant Index Explanation Ultrasonic￿sensors,￿Park￿Distance￿Control,￿rear Steering￿column￿switch￿cluster￿(SZL) Instrument￿panel￿(KOMBI) Control￿unit￿for￿optional￿equipment￿system￿(SAS) Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC) Digital￿Engine￿Electronics￿2￿(DME2) Electronic￿Power￿Steering￿(EPS) Electronic￿transmission￿control￿(EGS) Ultrasonic￿sensors￿for￿Park￿Distance￿Control,￿front 18.2.￿System￿wiring￿diagram The￿system￿wiring￿diagram￿on￿the￿next￿page￿shows￿an￿overview￿of￿the￿system￿components￿used￿when parking￿and￿maneuvering￿the￿vehicle.￿Depending￿on￿the￿vehicle￿equipment,￿partial￿scopes￿of￿supply may￿also￿be￿installed.
  • Page 108 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant G12￿parking￿and￿maneuvering￿system￿wiring￿diagram...
  • Page 109 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant Index Explanation Ultrasonic￿sensors￿for￿Park￿Distance￿Control,￿front Front￿camera Ultrasonic￿sensors￿for￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC) Electronic￿Power￿Steering￿EPS Digital￿Motor￿Electronics￿(DME)/ Electronic￿transmission￿control￿EGS CAN￿terminator CAN￿terminator Fuse￿for￿front￿right￿power￿distribution￿box Right￿side￿view￿camera Body￿Domain￿Controller￿(BDC) Remote￿control￿receiver￿(FBD) Fuse￿for￿rear￿right￿power￿distribution￿box Control￿unit￿for￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿(PMA) Remote￿Control￿Parking￿antenna Ultrasonic￿sensors,￿Park￿Distance￿Control,￿rear￿side Ultrasonic￿sensors,￿Park￿Distance￿Control,￿rear Rear￿view￿camera￿(RFK) Controller￿(CON) Parking￿assistance￿button￿and￿button￿for￿camera￿activation Advanced￿Crash￿Safety￿Module￿(ACSM) Steering￿column￿switch￿cluster￿(SZL) Instrument￿panel￿KOMBI Control￿unit￿for￿optional￿equipment￿system￿(SAS) Central￿information￿display￿(CID) Head￿Unit￿High￿2￿(HU-H2) CAN￿terminator Left￿side￿view￿camera Top￿rear￿side￿view￿camera￿(TRSVC)￿control￿unit...
  • Page 110 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant 18.3.￿Control￿unit In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5DP),￿the￿Park￿Distance Control￿and￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿functions￿are￿provided￿by￿the￿PMA￿control￿unit. G12￿control￿unit￿for￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿(PMA) 18.4.￿Functional￿principle The￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿function￿facilitates￿maneuvering￿into￿parking￿spaces￿that￿are￿parallel (parallel￿parking)￿and￿perpendicular￿(bay￿parking)￿to￿the￿roadway.￿The￿system￿measures￿potential parking￿spaces￿when￿driving￿past￿at￿a￿speed￿below￿approximately￿35 km/h￿without￿the￿system￿having been￿activated. The￿parking￿spaces￿are￿measured￿by￿two￿additional￿ultrasonic￿sensors,￿which￿are￿integrated￿into￿the front￿wheel￿arch.￿These￿two￿sensors￿are￿connected￿to￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿(PMA)￿control unit,￿which￿also￿incorporates￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿function.￿The￿function￿of￿the￿two￿ultrasonic sensors￿is￿similar￿to￿that￿of￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿PDC.￿Ultrasonic￿pulses￿are￿sent￿and￿echo impulses￿are￿received. Two￿additional￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿are￿installed￿in￿the￿rear￿bumper￿of￿the￿G12￿to￿precisely￿detect￿the size￿of￿a￿transverse￿parking￿space￿during￿the￿parking￿maneuver.￿The￿additional￿ultrasonic￿sensors measure￿the￿distance￿to￿detected￿objects. If￿a￿parking￿space￿of￿a￿sufficient￿length￿and￿width￿is￿found￿and￿the￿system￿is￿activated,￿the￿driver￿is shown￿the￿space￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display. The￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿function￿then￿takes￿over￿the￿vehicle￿handling￿entirely,￿including steering,￿braking￿and￿gear￿selection. Spaces￿that￿do￿not￿have￿a￿vehicle￿at￿either￿side￿are￿also￿recognized￿as￿suitable￿parking￿spaces.￿This makes￿it￿possible￿to￿park￿behind￿only￿one￿object. The￿driver￿is￿still￿responsible￿for￿monitoring￿the￿vehicle￿environment￿and￿can￿intervene￿in￿the automatic￿parking￿maneuver￿at￿any￿time￿if￿required￿due￿to￿the￿vehicle￿environment.￿When searching￿for￿a￿parking￿space￿and￿when￿parking,￿all￿relevant￿information￿is￿presented￿to￿the￿driver in￿an￿integrated￿display;￿from￿the￿parking￿space￿itself￿to￿the￿status￿of￿the￿parking￿assistant￿and corresponding￿handling￿instructions￿through￿to￿distances￿from￿other￿objects.
  • Page 111 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant Personal￿responsibility: • Directly￿monitor￿gaps￿and￿the￿parking￿procedure￿and￿intervene￿if￿necessary,￿as￿otherwise there￿is￿a￿risk￿of￿accidents. • If￿a￿parking￿space￿that￿has￿already￿been￿measured￿changes,￿the￿system￿does￿not￿take￿this￿into account. • The￿system￿does￿not￿take￿loads￿that￿project￿above￿the￿vehicle￿into￿account￿during￿parking. • The￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿PMA￿may￿steer￿the￿vehicle￿over￿or￿up￿onto￿curbs.￿You￿should therefore￿use￿the￿facility￿for￿active￿intervention￿at￿any￿time￿with￿caution￿as￿you￿may￿otherwise damage￿wheels￿and￿tires￿or￿the￿vehicle￿itself. The￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿PMA￿does￿not￿relieve￿the￿driver￿of￿personal￿responsibility￿during parking.￿Therefore,￿be￿attentive￿in￿order￿to￿be￿able￿to￿actively￿intervene￿at￿any￿time.￿Otherwise,￿there￿is a￿risk￿of￿an￿accident. 18.5.￿Functional￿prerequisites To￿use￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿function,￿the￿following￿basic￿prerequisites￿must￿be￿met: • the￿doors￿must￿be￿closed • the￿tailgate￿must￿be￿closed • the￿driver's￿seat￿belt￿must￿be￿fastened • the￿parking￿brake￿must￿be￿released 18.5.1.￿Measuring￿parking￿spaces Parking￿spaces￿are￿measured￿while￿driving.￿The￿following￿parameters￿apply: • Driving￿forwards￿straight-ahead￿up￿to￿about￿35 km/h • Maximum￿distance￿to￿the￿row￿of￿parked￿vehicles:￿1.5￿m. Detecting￿the￿curb If￿a￿curb￿is￿detected￿within￿the￿range￿of￿the￿ultrasonic￿sensor￿while￿the￿system￿is￿searching￿for￿a parking￿space,￿the￿parking￿space￿is￿for￿the￿most￿a￿space￿that￿is￿parallel￿to￿the￿road. In￿the￿case￿of￿parking￿spaces￿that￿are￿perpendicular￿to￿the￿roadway,￿the￿curb￿is￿usually￿outside￿the detection￿range￿of￿the￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿(range￿about￿4.2 m).
  • Page 112 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant G12￿curb￿detection￿via￿the￿ultrasonic￿sensors Index Explanation Range￿about￿4.2￿m;￿opening￿angle￿of￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿vertical￿±￿30° Kerb￿detection 18.5.2.￿Suitable￿parking￿spaces￿parallel￿to￿the￿roadway￿(parallel￿parking) G12￿principle￿of￿parallel￿parking...
  • Page 113 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant Size￿of￿parking￿space vehicle￿length￿plus￿about￿0,8 m Length￿of￿objects at￿least￿0.5￿m Minimum￿number￿of￿detected￿objects Minimum￿depth￿of￿parking￿space about￿1,5￿m The￿minimum￿length￿of￿an￿object￿detected￿by￿the￿vehicle￿must￿be￿approximately￿0.5 m.￿With￿an￿object length￿of￿0.5 m,￿a￿curb￿must￿still￿be￿detected￿by￿the￿PMA￿sensors￿for￿the￿purpose￿of￿parking￿in￿a parallel￿(curbside)￿parking￿space￿so￿as￿to￿ensure￿that￿the￿parking￿space￿is￿a￿parallel￿one. G12￿requirements￿of￿parallel￿parking￿spaces Index Explanation Maximum￿distance￿to￿the￿row￿of￿parked￿vehicles￿or￿objects:￿1.5 m Opening￿angle￿of￿the￿ultrasonic￿sensor￿horizontal:￿±￿40°,￿range￿about￿4.2 m Length￿of￿the￿parking￿space:￿vehicle￿length￿plus￿about￿0,8 m Object￿or￿vehicle￿length￿at￿least￿0.5￿m...
  • Page 114 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant 18.5.3.￿Suitable￿parking￿spaces￿perpendicular￿to￿the￿roadway￿(bay￿parking) G12￿principle￿of￿bay￿parking The￿depth￿of￿perpendicular￿(cross)￿parking￿spaces￿must￿be￿gauged￿by￿the￿driver￿himself.￿Due￿to technical￿limits￿the￿system￿can￿only￿approximately￿determine￿the￿depth￿of￿perpendicular￿(cross) parking￿spaces. G12￿requirements￿of￿bay￿parking￿spaces...
  • Page 115 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant Index Explanation Maximum￿distance￿to￿the￿row￿of￿parked￿vehicles:￿1.5 m Opening￿angle￿of￿the￿ultrasonic￿sensor￿horizontal:￿±￿40°,￿range￿about￿4.2 m Minimum￿depth￿of￿the￿parking￿space:￿own￿vehicle￿length Vehicle￿or￿object￿width￿at￿least￿0.5 m Width￿of￿the￿parking￿space:￿vehicle￿width￿plus￿about￿0.7 m￿up￿to￿max.￿5 m...
  • Page 116 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant Different￿bay￿parking￿spaces G12￿bay￿parking￿spaces Index Explanation Standard￿parking￿space￿between￿two￿passenger￿cars Parking￿space￿with￿post￿(underground￿car￿park) Parking￿space￿with￿obstacles￿(public￿car￿park)
  • Page 117 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant 18.5.4.￿Detection￿of￿a￿universal￿parking￿space Due￿to￿the￿technical￿system￿limits,￿the￿vehicle￿does￿not￿always￿detect￿the￿correct￿parking￿space. Situations￿may￿occur￿where￿parking￿spaces￿are￿wrongly￿detected,￿or￿parking￿spaces￿that￿are unsuitable￿or￿not￿actually￿classed￿as￿parking￿spaces￿are￿detected. The￿below￿graphic￿shows￿a￿situation￿where￿this￿may￿be￿the￿case. G12￿detection￿of￿a￿universal￿parking￿space The￿detected￿parking￿space￿is￿big￿enough￿to￿park￿the￿vehicle￿in￿both￿perpendicularly￿and￿parallel￿to the￿roadway.￿Because￿of￿the￿absence￿of￿a￿curb,￿the￿vehicle￿cannot￿correctly￿determine￿the￿parking space.￿The￿vehicle￿proposes￿a￿universal￿parking￿space.￿In￿this￿case,￿the￿driver￿must￿decide￿how￿he wants￿to￿maneuver￿into￿the￿parking￿space. The￿following￿display￿appears￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿when￿the￿vehicle￿has￿detected￿a universal￿parking￿space.
  • Page 118 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant G12￿universal￿parking￿space￿display￿on￿the￿CID 18.6.￿Side￿protection The￿side￿protection￿warns￿against￿obstacles￿at￿the￿side￿of￿the￿vehicle￿and￿thus￿supports￿the￿driver when￿parking￿and￿maneuvering. G12￿side￿protection Four￿side￿ultrasonic￿sensors,￿two￿integrated￿in￿the￿front￿bumper￿and￿two￿integrated￿in￿the￿rear￿bumper, measure￿the￿distance￿to￿an￿obstruction.￿Obstructions￿detected￿by￿the￿sensors￿are￿tracked￿along￿the side￿of￿the￿vehicle￿as￿it￿moves.￿They￿are￿shown￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿and,￿in￿situations where￿a￿collision￿is￿imminent,￿an￿acoustic￿warning￿also￿sounds.

  • Page 119: Operation

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant G12￿side￿protection￿view￿on￿the￿CID Obstructions￿approaching￿the￿stationary￿vehicle￿are￿not￿taken￿into￿account,￿as￿in￿this￿case￿the￿system cannot￿evaluate￿the￿situation￿unequivocally.￿The￿prerequisite￿for￿identifying￿obstructions￿is￿that￿the (driver's)￿vehicle￿is￿moving. The￿distance￿markings￿shown￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display￿are￿displayed￿for￿approximately 13 seconds￿once￿the￿vehicle￿has￿stopped.￿The￿markings￿are￿only￿shown￿again￿once￿the￿vehicle￿starts moving. 18.7.￿Operation There￿are￿two￿ways￿to￿activate￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿function: • Activation￿via￿parking￿assistance￿button • Activation￿by￿"Engaging￿reverse￿gear"￿followed￿by￿"iDrive￿controller￿operation" Activation￿via￿parking￿assistance￿button When￿the￿PMA￿is￿activated￿via￿the￿parking￿assistance￿button￿in￿the￿center￿console￿the￿parking assistance￿menu￿in￿the￿Central￿Information￿Display￿CID￿is￿displayed.￿As￿soon￿as￿a￿parking￿space￿is found,￿the￿driver￿receives￿handling￿instructions￿that￿guide￿him￿though￿the￿parking￿procedure￿with￿the support￿of￿the￿system.￿When￿parking￿automatically,￿the￿driver￿must￿hold￿down￿the￿parking￿assistance button￿until￿the￿parking￿procedure￿is￿complete.
  • Page 120 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant G12￿switch￿block￿with￿parking￿assistance￿button Index Explanation Parking￿assistance￿button Activation￿by￿"Engaging￿reverse￿gear"￿followed￿by￿"iDrive￿controller￿operation" When￿reverse￿gear￿is￿engaged,￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿menu￿is￿displayed￿on￿the￿central information￿display￿accompanied￿by￿the￿status￿of￿the￿parking￿space￿search.￿The￿Parking￿Maneuver Assistant￿(PMA)￿is￿however￿not￿yet￿activated.￿This￿is￿indicated￿to￿the￿driver￿by￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver Assistant￿symbol￿in￿the￿toolbar￿of￿the￿central￿information￿display.￿In￿order￿to￿park￿supported￿by￿the system,￿the￿parking￿operation￿must￿be￿activated￿via￿the￿controller￿by￿selecting￿the￿corresponding symbol￿in￿the￿symbol￿bar￿at￿the￿Central￿Information￿Display￿(CID).￿When￿parking￿automatically,￿the driver￿must￿hold￿down￿the￿parking￿assistance￿button￿until￿the￿parking￿procedure￿is￿complete. 18.7.1.￿Parking￿procedure￿(parallel￿parking) A￿check￿mark￿then￿appears￿on￿the￿right￿below￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿symbol￿on￿the￿central information￿display￿to￿tell￿the￿driver￿that￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿is￿active. If￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿function￿is￿activated￿during￿the￿journey￿using￿the￿parking￿assistance button,￿the￿driver￿is￿informed￿about￿the￿parking￿space￿search￿on￿the￿CID.￿When￿a￿parking￿space￿is found,￿it￿appears￿on￿the￿corresponding￿page￿on￿the￿central￿information￿display.￿The￿driver￿is￿also instructed￿to￿stop￿the￿vehicle￿at￿the￿same￿time.
  • Page 121 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant G12￿parking￿procedure￿using￿PMA￿(parallel￿parking) The￿driver￿is￿instructed￿to￿confirm￿the￿parking￿space￿by￿using￿the￿turn￿indicator￿corresponding￿to￿the parking￿direction. G12￿parking￿procedure￿using￿PMA￿(parallel￿parking) The￿parking￿procedure￿can￿now￿be￿started￿by￿pressing￿the￿parking￿assistance￿button.￿The￿parking assistance￿button￿must￿be￿held￿down.￿Then￿the￿driver￿must￿release￿the￿brake. G12￿parking￿procedure￿using￿PMA￿(parallel￿parking) The￿button￿must￿be￿held￿down￿continuously￿until￿the￿parking￿procedure￿is￿complete.
  • Page 122 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant G12￿parking￿procedure￿using￿PMA￿(parallel￿parking) Upon￿completion,￿an￿acoustic￿signal￿sounds￿and￿a￿confirmation￿message￿appears￿to￿tell￿the￿driver￿that the￿parking￿procedure￿is￿complete.￿The￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿engages￿"P"￿thus￿preventing￿the vehicle￿from￿rolling￿away. G12￿parking￿procedure￿using￿PMA￿(parallel￿parking) 18.7.2.￿Parking￿procedure￿(bay￿parking) The￿following￿graphics￿show￿the￿bay￿parking￿process.
  • Page 123 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant G12￿parking￿procedure￿using￿PMA￿(bay￿parking)
  • Page 124 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant 18.7.3.￿Deactivation￿criteria Manual￿deactivation￿criteria The￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿PMA￿can￿be￿deactivated￿at￿any￿time￿if￿necessary￿by￿the￿driver￿via the￿controller￿by￿selecting￿the￿corresponding￿symbol￿in￿the￿symbol￿bar￿on￿the￿Central￿Information Display￿CID.￿Another￿way￿to￿deactivate￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿PMA￿is￿to￿release￿the￿parking assistance￿button￿in￿the￿switch￿block￿next￿to￿the￿iDrive￿controller. If￿a￿fault￿develops,￿a￿Check￿Control￿message￿("The￿PDC￿has￿malfunctioned.￿Have￿system￿checked.")￿is displayed￿in￿the￿Central￿Information￿Display￿CID. Automatic￿deactivation￿criteria The￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿PMA￿is￿switched￿off￿automatically￿when￿the￿following￿events￿occur: • the￿parking￿assistance￿button￿is￿released • the￿driver￿holds￿on￿to￿the￿steering￿wheel￿or￿steers￿himself • a￿gear￿is￿selected￿that￿does￿not￿correspond￿to￿the￿instruction￿on￿the￿control￿display • when￿accelerating • the￿parking￿brake￿is￿secured • the￿turn￿indicator￿opposite￿the￿required￿parking￿side￿is￿switched￿on • at￿speeds￿above￿about￿10 km/h • possibly￿if￿the￿roadway￿is￿covered￿with￿snow￿or￿is￿slippery • the￿tailgate￿is￿open • possibly￿if￿the￿objects￿are￿difficult￿to￿overcome,￿e.g.￿curbs • if￿obstructions￿suddenly￿appear • a￿maximum￿number￿of￿parking￿maneuvers￿or￿the￿parking￿duration￿has￿been￿exceeded. 18.8.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system The￿detection￿of￿objects￿can￿test￿the￿ultrasonic￿measurement￿system￿to￿its￿limits.￿Several￿examples￿of this￿are￿shown￿below: •...
  • Page 125 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 18.￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant There￿may￿be￿other￿functional￿limitations￿in￿the￿following￿situations,￿for￿example: • if￿the￿sensors￿are￿soiled￿or￿iced￿up • in￿heavy￿fog,￿rain￿or￿snow • on￿uneven￿surfaces,￿e.g.￿gravel￿roads • on￿slippery￿surfaces • on￿steep￿inclines￿or￿downhill￿gradients • if￿leaves￿have￿gathered￿or￿snow￿has￿piled￿up￿in￿the￿parking￿space. To￿ensure￿the￿ultrasonic￿sensors￿remain￿fully￿operational,￿they￿must￿be￿kept￿clean￿and￿free￿of￿ice. When￿cleaning￿the￿sensors￿using￿a￿high￿pressure￿cleaner,￿avoid￿direct￿and￿sustained￿contact￿with￿a high-pressure￿water￿jet.￿Furthermore,￿when￿using￿high￿pressure￿cleaners,￿a￿distance￿of￿at￿least￿30 cm from￿the￿sensors￿must￿be￿maintained. The￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿PMA￿cannot￿replace￿the￿driver's￿personal￿judgement￿of￿the￿traffic situation.￿Also￿check￿the￿traffic￿situation￿around￿the￿vehicle￿by￿looking￿around,￿otherwise￿there￿may be￿a￿risk￿of￿an￿accident￿as￿a￿result￿of￿road￿users￿or￿objects￿which￿lie￿outside￿the￿detection￿range￿of the￿Park￿Distance￿Control.￿Loud￿sound￿sources￿outside￿and￿inside￿the￿vehicle￿may￿mask￿the￿acoustic signals￿of￿the￿Parking￿Maneuver￿Assistant￿PMA￿or￿the￿Park￿Distance￿Control￿PDC.

  • Page 126: Introduction

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control 19.1.￿Introduction Two￿cruise￿control￿functions￿can￿be￿used￿in￿the￿G12.￿The￿cruise￿control￿with￿braking￿function￿(DCC) is￿part￿of￿the￿basic￿equipment. The￿customer￿also￿has￿the￿option￿of￿ordering￿the￿Active￿Cruise￿Control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function (ACC Stop&Go)￿optional￿equipment￿(OE ZN7)￿part￿of￿ZDT￿Driver￿Assistance￿Plus￿II. ACC Stop&Go￿can￿also￿be￿obtained￿if￿the￿customer￿opts￿for￿the￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿optional equipment￿(OE 5AT),￿as￿it￿is￿contained￿in￿this￿equipment￿package. Other￿features￿of￿the￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5AT)￿are￿the￿steering￿and lane￿control￿assistant￿and￿the￿traffic￿jam￿assistant.￿When￿used￿in￿conjunction￿with￿the￿steering￿and lane￿control￿assistant￿and￿the￿traffic￿jam￿assistant,￿ACC￿Stop￿&￿Go￿provides￿optimum￿support￿for￿the driver. The￿cruise￿control￿systems￿support￿the￿driver￿with￿adapting￿the￿speed,￿distance￿and￿driving￿style￿to the￿traffic￿conditions,￿but￿do￿not￿relieve￿him￿of￿his￿responsibility.￿The￿driver￿must￿actively￿intervene, e.g.￿by￿braking,￿steering￿or￿taking￿evasive￿action,￿as￿otherwise￿there￿is￿a￿risk￿of￿an￿accident. 19.2.￿Cruise￿control￿with￿braking￿function The￿cruise￿control￿with￿braking￿function￿is￿included￿as￿part￿of￿the￿G12's￿basic￿equipment.￿The￿system is￿also￿Known￿as￿"Dynamic￿Cruise￿Control"￿(DCC).￿Dynamic￿Cruise￿Control￿(DCC)￿supports￿the￿driver on￿roads￿with￿less￿traffic￿by￿keeping￿the￿speed￿constant￿irrespective￿of￿rolling￿resistances￿(incline, downhill￿driving￿and￿vehicle￿load).￿In￿spite￿of￿the￿support,￿the￿driver￿remains￿responsible￿for￿control of￿the￿vehicle.￿It￿is￿possible￿to￿override￿the￿DCC￿function￿at￿any￿time￿by￿braking￿or￿accelerating￿the vehicle. 19.2.1.￿Control￿functions Cruise￿control The￿cruise￿control￿calculates￿a￿target￿acceleration￿or￿deceleration￿based￿on￿the￿speed￿set￿by￿the￿driver and￿the￿actual￿speed. Acceleration￿and￿deceleration The￿driver￿can￿specify￿the￿set￿speed￿or￿acceleration￿via￿the￿rocker￿switch￿on￿the￿multifunction￿steering wheel￿(MFL). Cruise￿control￿on￿bends Another￿purpose￿of￿this￿function,￿also￿referred￿to￿as￿the￿"lateral￿acceleration￿controller",￿is￿to￿prevent the￿lateral￿acceleration￿from￿increasing￿above￿an￿acceptable￿level￿when￿cornering￿with￿the￿cruise control￿switched￿on.￿A￿lateral￿acceleration￿is￿calculated￿from￿the￿driving￿speed￿and￿yaw￿rate.￿This￿value is￿compared￿with￿a￿speed-dependent￿limit￿in￿order￿to￿achieve￿the￿following￿seemingly￿contradictory objectives:...
  • Page 127 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control • Disruptive￿and￿overly￿restrictive￿interventions￿are￿avoided￿if￿the￿driver￿himself￿would￿also￿prefer high￿lateral￿acceleration. • Useful￿interventions￿and￿therefore￿also￿significant￿limitations￿in￿dynamics￿are￿effected￿at￿high speeds.￿Most￿drivers￿find￿an￿overly￿high￿lateral￿acceleration￿in￿these￿situations￿unpleasant, which￿is￿why￿a￿lower￿limit￿value￿is￿used. The￿output￿variable￿for￿the￿cornering￿cruise￿control￿is￿also￿used￿as￿a￿set-point￿value￿for￿the￿longitudinal acceleration. Prioritization￿of￿the￿partial￿set-point￿value The￿set-point￿value￿with￿the￿highest￿priority￿according￿to￿the￿situation￿is￿selected￿from￿the￿longitudinal acceleration￿set-point￿values￿for￿the￿control￿functions￿referred￿to￿above.￿Signals￿are￿filtered￿to￿prevent abrupt￿jumps￿when￿adjusting￿the￿set-point￿values. Estimation￿of￿disturbance￿force An￿acceleration￿or￿brake￿force￿must￿be￿calculated￿in￿order￿to￿be￿able￿to￿apply￿the￿prioritized longitudinal￿acceleration￿with￿the￿assistance￿of￿the￿actuators.￿Example:￿more￿driving￿power￿is￿required to￿achieve￿the￿same￿longitudinal￿acceleration￿during￿an￿uphill￿journey￿than￿on￿the￿flat.￿If￿the￿vehicle needs￿to￿decelerate￿when￿travelling￿up￿hill,￿less￿braking￿force￿is￿required￿compared￿to￿driving￿on￿the flat.￿In￿order￿to￿be￿able￿to￿correctly￿calculate￿the￿forces￿required,￿the￿precise￿value￿of￿the￿gradient￿and also￿the￿weight￿of￿the￿vehicle,￿the￿rolling￿resistance,￿the￿drag￿and￿other￿acceleration￿forces￿must￿be known.￿As￿a￿sensor￿system￿that￿can￿monitor￿all￿of￿these￿disturbances￿does￿not￿exist,￿an￿estimated value￿is￿calculated￿instead￿by￿comparing￿the￿following￿two￿variables: • actual￿movement￿variables￿of￿the￿vehicle • anticipated￿movement￿variables￿of￿the￿vehicle￿as￿a￿result￿of￿the￿driving￿power￿and￿braking forces￿currently￿acting￿on￿the￿vehicle. The￿extent￿of￿the￿disturbing￿force￿determined￿using￿this￿method￿is￿taken￿into￿account￿during subsequent￿processing￿of￿the￿longitudinal￿acceleration￿setpoint￿value￿by￿means￿of￿addition￿or subtraction. 19.2.2.￿Activation￿of￿the￿actuators Driving￿power￿and/or￿braking￿forces￿must￿be￿introduced￿in￿order￿to￿produce￿the￿longitudinal acceleration￿calculated￿by￿the￿control￿functions￿and￿thus￿compensate￿for￿disturbing￿forces￿acting on￿the￿vehicle.￿To￿accelerate￿the￿vehicle,￿a￿setpoint￿value￿for￿the￿drive￿is￿usually￿transmitted.￿In exceptional￿cases￿during￿downhill￿driving￿on￿a￿steep￿gradient,￿it￿may￿be￿necessary￿to￿activate￿the￿brake to￿ensure￿the￿acceleration￿does￿not￿exceed￿a￿specific￿value. If￿the￿vehicle￿needs￿to￿be￿decelerated,￿the￿extent￿of￿the￿contribution￿that￿may￿be￿required￿by￿the￿drive towards￿the￿deceleration,￿and￿therefore￿the￿braking￿effect￿of￿the￿engine￿and￿transmission,￿is￿initially determined.￿This￿value￿is￿output￿to￿the￿Digital￿Motor￿Electronics￿(DME)￿or￿and￿electronic￿transmission...

  • Page 128: Operation

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control 19.2.3.￿Operation The￿driver￿has￿the￿option￿of￿adjusting￿the￿set￿speed￿in￿small￿or￿large￿increments,￿which￿is￿then￿set￿and maintained￿by￿the￿system￿by￿controlling￿the￿drive￿and￿brakes.￿It￿can￿be￿changed￿using￿the￿left-hand switch￿block￿on￿the￿multifunction￿steering￿wheel￿(MFL).￿The￿speed￿is￿increased￿or￿reduced￿by￿1 km/ h￿by￿tapping￿the￿rocker￿switch.￿Each￿time￿the￿rocker￿button￿is￿pressed￿beyond￿the￿pressure￿point,￿the speed￿increases￿or￿reduces￿by￿10 km/h.￿The￿DCC￿steadily￿maintains￿a￿selected￿speed￿from￿about 30 km/h. The￿set￿speed￿is￿indicated￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿KOMBI￿in￿the￿familiar￿way;￿by￿a￿mark￿that￿moves round￿the￿speed￿reading.￿Notes￿are￿added￿to￿the￿displays￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿if￿necessary. If￿the￿vehicle's￿own￿deceleration￿is￿not￿sufficient￿to￿maintain￿the￿preset￿speed,￿the￿brake￿is￿activated accordingly. The￿adjustment￿range￿for￿the￿set￿speed￿is￿limited￿to￿a￿maximum￿of￿210 km/h. If￿ECO￿PRO￿or￿SPORT￿mode￿is￿activated,￿the￿cruise￿control￿is￿also￿set￿to￿a￿fuel-efficient￿or￿sporty driving￿style.￿Due￿to￿the￿fuel-efficient￿driving￿style￿in￿ECO PRO￿driving￿mode,￿in￿some￿situations￿the vehicle's￿speed￿may￿exceed￿or￿drop￿below￿the￿set￿speed,￿for￿example￿on￿downhill￿gradients￿or￿inclines. G12￿Dynamic￿Cruise￿Control￿(DCC)￿buttons Index Explanation Button￿for￿activating￿or￿deactivating￿the￿Dynamic￿Cruise￿Control￿DCC Rocker￿switch￿for￿changing￿the￿set￿speed “SET”￿button￿for￿setting￿the￿speed￿of￿cruise￿control Button￿for￿calling￿up￿a￿saved￿set￿speed/temporarily￿switching￿off￿the￿cruise control...
  • Page 129 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control The￿system￿is￿interrupted￿automatically￿in￿the￿following￿situations: • If￿the￿brakes￿are￿used • If￿the￿selector￿lever￿position￿is￿moved￿out￿of￿position￿"D" • If￿the￿Dynamic￿Traction￿Control￿(DTC)￿is￿activated￿or￿the￿Dynamic￿Stability￿Control (DSC)￿is￿deactivated • If￿the￿Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC)￿is￿performing￿an￿adjustment 19.3.￿Active￿cruise￿control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function The￿active￿cruise￿control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function,￿ACC Stop&Go￿(OE￿5DF)￿is￿offered￿as￿optional equipment￿for￿the￿G12￿as￿part￿of￿the￿ZDB￿Driver￿Assistance￿Plus￿II￿(5AT)￿package. ACC￿Stop&Go￿adjusts￿a￿driver-specified￿set￿speed￿and,￿if￿required￿by￿the￿traffic￿situation,￿also automatically￿adjusts￿the￿preselected￿following￿distance￿to￿the￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead￿(detected vehicles￿include￿passenger￿cars,￿trucks￿and￿motorbikes).￿The￿application￿range￿of￿ACC￿Stop&Go ranges￿from￿higher￿speeds￿down￿to￿a￿standstill.￿The￿distance￿and￿the￿speed￿are￿automatically adjusted￿in￿this￿range. G12￿Active￿Cruise￿Control Depending￿on￿the￿stationary￿time,￿driving￿off￿from￿a￿standstill￿is￿performed￿automatically￿or￿in response￿to￿a￿prompt￿by￿the￿driver.￿ACC Stop&Go￿not￿only￿detects￿vehicles￿that￿are￿slowly￿coming to￿a￿halt,￿but￿also￿stationary￿vehicles. Due￿to￿improved￿monitoring￿in￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle,￿the￿system￿is￿capable￿of￿reacting￿more￿quickly to￿vehicles￿swinging￿in￿and￿out￿and￿turning￿off. The￿extended￿application￿range￿has￿been￿achieved￿by￿the￿incorporation￿of￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera. Image￿data￿is￿evaluated￿by￿the￿ACC Stop&Go￿system.￿The￿KAFAS￿control￿unit￿clearly￿detects￿vehicles when￿their￿rear￿ends￿are￿recorded￿by￿the￿camera.￿In￿addition,￿the￿KAFAS￿control￿unit￿ensures￿that￿the driving￿lane￿information,￿vehicle￿positions￿and￿movements￿are￿determined. In￿addition￿to￿image￿data,￿radar￿data￿is￿also￿gathered￿and￿evaluated￿by￿the￿radar￿sensors.￿This￿fusion of￿image￿and￿radar￿data￿makes￿possible￿the￿clear￿identification￿of￿lane￿markings￿and￿the￿distinction between￿stationary￿vehicles￿and￿other￿fixed￿objects.
  • Page 130 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control Object￿detection￿provided￿by￿a￿combination￿of￿radar￿sensor￿and￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera A￿77￿GHz￿radar￿sensor￿emits￿bundled￿electromagnetic￿waves.￿The￿echoes￿reflected￿by￿objects￿are received￿and￿evaluated￿by￿the￿radar￿sensor.￿This￿enables￿information￿about￿objects￿located￿in￿front￿of the￿radar￿sensor￿to￿be￿obtained.￿This￿information￿includes￿size,￿distance￿and￿the￿deduced￿speed.￿The radar￿sensor￿of￿the￿system￿can￿identify￿vehicles￿ahead￿up￿to￿a￿distance￿of￿200 m,￿to￿a￿large extent￿irrespective￿of￿weather￿conditions. The￿sensor￿is￿located￿behind￿the￿air￿inlet￿grille￿on￿the￿front￿bumper.
  • Page 131 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control G12￿installation￿location￿of￿front￿radar￿sensor￿for￿ACC￿Stop&Go Index Explanation Sensor￿for￿ACC￿Stop￿&￿Go Removable￿grille G12￿front￿radar￿sensor￿for￿ACC￿Stop&Go Index Explanation Adjustment￿feature...
  • Page 132 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control Thanks￿to￿the￿radar￿sensor's￿improved￿detection￿capability￿and￿alignment￿with￿the￿image￿data￿from the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera,￿vehicles￿in￿neighboring￿lanes￿are￿also￿detected.￿If￿these￿vehicles￿are￿driving in￿their￿own￿lane,￿then￿ACC￿Stop&Go￿adapts￿the￿speed￿to￿the￿vehicle￿pulling￿in￿or￿vehicle￿ahead.￿As￿a result,￿a￿time￿lag￿selected￿by￿the￿driver￿is￿constantly￿maintained. ACC￿Stop&Go￿adjusts￿the￿speed￿if￿there￿is￿no￿vehicle￿driving￿directly￿ahead￿and￿automatically switches￿to￿distance￿control￿if￿the￿sensor￿system￿detects￿a￿slower￿vehicle￿in￿its￿lane.￿The￿system's Stop￿&￿Go￿function￿brings￿the￿vehicle￿to￿a￿complete￿standstill￿if￿necessary. If￿the￿vehicle￿ahead￿drives￿off￿again￿after￿a￿standstill,￿the￿driver￿is￿informed￿thereof￿with￿a￿note. To￿drive￿off￿again,￿the￿driver￿must￿acknowledge￿this￿information￿by￿pressing￿the￿RES/CNCL￿button￿or the￿accelerator￿pedal.￿Only￿if￿the￿duration￿of￿the￿standstill￿is￿very￿short￿(about￿3￿seconds)￿is￿the￿starting process￿effected￿fully￿automatically￿by￿ACC￿Stop&Go. In￿this￿way,￿ACC￿Stop￿&￿Go￿supports￿the￿driver￿not￿only￿in￿flowing￿traffic,￿but￿also￿in￿traffic￿jam situations,￿both￿on￿multiple-lane￿highways￿and￿ordinary￿roads￿and￿on￿urban￿arterial￿and￿ring￿roads. The￿adjustment￿range￿for￿the￿set￿speed￿is￿limited￿to￿a￿maximum￿of￿210 km/h. If￿ECO￿PRO￿or￿SPORT￿mode￿is￿activated,￿the￿Active￿Cruise￿Control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function￿is￿also set￿to￿a￿fuel-efficient￿or￿sporty￿driving￿style.￿Due￿to￿the￿fuel-efficient￿driving￿style￿in￿ECO PRO￿driving mode,￿in￿some￿situations￿the￿vehicle's￿speed￿may￿exceed￿or￿drop￿below￿the￿set￿speed,￿for￿example￿on downhill￿gradients￿or￿inclines. 19.3.1.￿Control￿functions The￿calculations￿are￿performed￿in￿the￿optional￿equipment￿control￿unit￿SAS. Cruise￿control In￿principle,￿the￿cruise￿control￿in￿the￿ACC￿Stop&Go￿system￿works￿in￿exactly￿the￿same￿way￿as￿the Dynamic￿Cruise￿Control￿(DCC)￿system. Cruise￿control￿on￿bends The￿cruise￿control￿of￿the￿ACC￿Stop&Go￿on￿bends￿is￿based￿on￿the￿control￿characteristics￿of￿the Dynamic￿Cruise￿Control￿(DCC).￿If￿an￿object￿is￿lost￿on￿bends,￿the￿system￿waits￿to￿see￿whether￿the object￿reappears￿(transition￿curve).￿The￿vehicle￿only￿accelerates￿if￿it￿does￿not￿reappear￿or￿the￿sensor system￿no￿longer￿detects￿an￿object.￿Tight￿bends￿are￿detected￿via￿the￿data￿of￿the￿Dynamic￿Stability Control￿system￿DSC￿and￿the￿navigation￿system￿and￿the￿speed￿adjusted￿if￿necessary. Distance￿control￿(ranging) The￿distance￿control￿is￿the￿core￿function￿of￿the￿ACC￿Stop&Go￿system. The￿driver￿can￿select￿a￿desired￿distance￿in￿four￿stages￿using￿the￿multifunction￿button￿on￿the multifunction￿steering￿wheel￿(MFL).￿From￿this￿preselection￿ACC￿Stop&Go￿calculates￿the￿reference distance￿to￿the￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead￿for￿the￿control.￿In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Active￿Cruise￿Control￿optional...
  • Page 133 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control equipment￿(OE￿5DF),￿the￿distance￿is￿adjusted￿using￿two￿buttons;￿one￿to￿reduce￿and￿one￿to￿increase the￿distance.￿In￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Driving Assistant Plus optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5AT),￿the￿distance￿is adjusted￿using￿the￿rocker￿button. ACC￿Stop&Go￿calculates￿the￿reference￿distance￿for￿the￿control￿from￿this￿preselection.￿The￿following distance￿most￿recently￿selected￿is￿saved￿depending￿on￿the￿key￿being￿used. The￿reference￿distance￿during￿the￿journey￿is￿proportional￿to￿the￿driving￿speed.￿At￿a￿lower￿driving￿speed and￿at￿standstill,￿the￿proportional￿distance￿to￿the￿driving￿speed￿is￿no￿longer￿used￿for￿the￿ACC￿Stop￿& Go,￿but￿a￿fixed￿value￿in￿metres. If￿a￿vehicle￿moves￿into￿the￿driver's￿lane,￿which￿is￿anticipated￿due￿to￿the￿current￿driving￿condition,￿or if￿the￿driver￿is￿approaching￿a￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead,￿the￿ACC Stop&Go￿function￿discretely￿adapts￿the speed￿to￿the￿vehicle￿pulling￿in￿or￿vehicle￿ahead. The￿distance￿control￿uses￿the￿prepared￿object￿data￿with￿the￿highest￿diagnostic￿statistic￿as￿input variables.￿The￿distance￿control￿takes￿into￿consideration￿the￿following￿situations￿in￿particular: Maximum￿values￿for￿acceleration￿and￿deceleration: • The￿maximum￿values￿for￿acceleration￿and￿deceleration￿of￿the￿ACC￿Stop&Go￿system￿below about￿50 km/h￿are￿dynamic￿values.￿They￿correspond￿to￿the￿acceleration￿and￿deceleration values￿that￿the￿driver￿would￿use￿himself￿and￿considers￿comfortable.￿In￿situations￿where sharper￿deceleration￿is￿required￿than￿the￿system￿offers￿as￿part￿of￿the￿speed￿adjustment feature,￿a￿visual￿and￿acoustic￿signal￿is￿issued￿to￿the￿driver￿to￿inform￿him￿to￿take￿over￿vehicle handling. Depending￿on￿the￿situation,￿the￿ACC￿Stop￿&￿Go￿accelerates￿by￿a￿maximum￿of￿about￿2 m/s² and￿decelerates￿by￿a￿maximum￿of￿about￿4 m/s². Stop￿and￿start￿stability: • In￿the￿case￿of￿very￿heavy￿traffic￿and￿very￿low￿driving￿speed,￿the￿risk￿of￿rear-end￿collisions increases￿through￿heavy￿acceleration￿and￿braking.￿The￿ACC￿Stop&Go￿distance￿controller￿is therefore￿designed￿to￿decelerate￿as￿early￿as￿possible,￿but￿not￿more￿than￿the￿vehicle￿ahead. The￿system￿can￿decelerate￿by￿up￿to￿2.5 m/s²￿at￿the￿most￿during￿subsequent￿operation,￿and￿by up￿to￿4 m/s²￿at￿the￿most￿when￿stopping. Request￿to￿take￿over￿vehicle￿handling When￿ACC￿Stop&Go￿is￿no￿longer￿able￿to￿maintain￿a￿safe￿distance￿or￿a￿critical￿situation￿is￿detected, e.g.￿on￿account￿of￿very￿high￿differential￿speeds￿or￿an￿insufficient￿maximum￿deceleration,￿two￿short warning￿signals￿sound￿and￿the￿orange￿lit￿up￿vehicle￿symbol￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿or￿the￿Head‐Up Display￿(optional￿equipment￿OE￿610)￿flashes.￿The￿system￿continues￿to￿perform￿its￿control￿function and￿prompts￿the￿driver￿to￿take￿over￿vehicle￿handling￿and￿to￿keep￿their￿distance￿accordingly. 19.3.2.￿Operation Activation￿and￿deactivation The￿activation￿and￿deactivation￿of￿the￿ACC￿Stop￿&￿Go￿and￿the￿Dynamic￿Cruise￿Control￿are￿almost￿the...
  • Page 134 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control If￿the￿function￿is￿active,￿it￿can￿be￿interrupted￿by￿pressing￿the￿RES/CNCL￿button.￿The￿distance￿and speed￿will￿no￿longer￿be￿maintained￿and￿the￿set￿speed￿is￿greyed￿out￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster. The￿driver￿can￿select￿a￿desired￿distance￿in￿four￿stages￿using￿the￿left-hand￿multifunction￿button￿on￿the multifunction￿steering￿wheel￿(MFL).￿The￿last￿selected￿following￿distance￿is￿saved￿depending￿on￿the key￿being￿used. • The￿following￿graphic￿shows￿the￿button￿assignment￿for￿the￿assistance￿systems￿on￿the multifunction￿steering￿wheel￿(MFL)￿in￿vehicles￿with￿the￿Active￿lane￿keeping￿assistant￿including traffic￿jam￿assistant: G12￿buttons￿for￿ACC Stop&Go￿with￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿II￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5AT) Index Explanation Button￿for￿activating￿or￿deactivating￿the￿lane￿keeping￿assistant￿including￿traffic jam￿assistant Button￿for￿activating￿or￿deactivating￿ACC￿Stop￿&￿Go Rocker￿switch￿for￿changing￿the￿set￿speed “SET”￿button￿for￿setting￿the￿speed￿of￿cruise￿control Button￿for￿adjusting￿the￿distance￿of￿the￿driver's￿vehicle￿to￿the￿vehicle￿driving ahead Button￿for￿calling￿up￿a￿saved￿set￿speed/temporarily￿switching￿off￿the￿cruise control The￿following￿conditions￿must￿also￿be￿satisfied￿for￿activation: • Seat￿belt￿fastened￿and￿doors￿closed • Drive￿position￿"D"￿engaged￿and￿brake￿pressed • Engine￿running • Parking￿brake￿not￿activated • Camera￿and￿radar￿sensor￿operational • No￿system￿faults￿detected.
  • Page 135 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control The￿system￿is￿interrupted￿automatically￿in￿the￿following￿situations: • If￿the￿brakes￿are￿used • If￿the￿selector￿lever￿position￿is￿moved￿out￿of￿position￿"D" • If￿the￿Dynamic￿Traction￿Control￿(DTC)￿is￿activated￿or￿the￿Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC)￿is deactivated • If￿the￿Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC)￿is￿performing￿an￿adjustment • If￿the￿seat￿belt￿is￿unfastened￿and￿the￿driver's￿door￿is￿opened￿in￿a￿stationary￿vehicle • If￿the￿system￿has￿not￿detected￿an￿object￿for￿a￿long￿time,￿e.g.￿on￿rarely￿frequented sections￿of￿road￿with￿no￿distinct￿edge • If￿the￿detection￿range￿of￿the￿radar￿is￿impaired,￿e.g.￿due￿to￿contamination￿or￿heavy￿precipitation • Following￿a￿longer￿immobilization￿period,￿if￿the￿vehicle￿has￿been￿decelerated￿to￿a￿standstill by￿ACC￿Stop&Go. The￿set￿speed￿is￿indicated￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿in￿the￿familiar￿way;￿by￿a￿mark￿that￿moves￿round the￿speed￿reading.￿If￿ACC Stop&Go￿is￿activated,￿this￿mark￿is￿green,￿whereas￿in￿"Standby"￿mode￿it￿is grey￿and￿the￿last￿set￿speed￿is￿displayed.￿After￿the￿ACC Stop&Go￿function￿is￿activated￿or￿after￿the￿driver has￿adjusted￿the￿set￿speed,￿the￿current￿digital￿value￿is￿displayed.￿If￿the￿distance￿is￿changed,￿a￿symbol appears￿briefly￿as￿an￿acknowledgement.￿The￿symbol￿screen￿masks￿are￿for￿example￿the￿set￿speed￿and the￿distance￿bar.￿With￿each￿subsequent￿operation￿the￿display￿is￿shown￿for￿another￿three￿seconds. The￿distances￿set￿by￿the￿driver,￿as￿well￿as￿the￿distances￿to￿any￿vehicles￿driving￿ahead,￿that￿must￿be maintained￿to￿ensure￿a￿safe￿distance￿are￿displayed￿between￿the￿two￿round￿instruments￿(speed￿reading and￿engine￿speed￿display).￿The￿distance￿setting￿is￿stored￿for￿the￿ID￿transmitter￿currently￿being￿used. Like￿for￿DCC,￿it￿is￿also￿necessary￿that￿the￿symbol￿screen￿masks￿are￿complemented￿if￿necessary￿with notes￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿for￿ACC￿Stop￿&￿Go. With￿active￿control￿the￿displays￿are￿also￿shown￿in￿the￿Head‐Up￿Display￿(optional￿equipment￿OE￿610). If￿the￿system￿can￿no￿longer￿adjust￿a￿safe￿distance,￿for￿example￿due￿to￿very￿high￿differential￿speeds, then￿the￿driver￿is￿prompted￿to￿take￿over￿the￿vehicle￿handling￿by￿a￿flashing￿red￿vehicle￿symbol￿and￿an acoustic￿signal. Display Displays￿in￿the￿instrument￿cluster￿when￿ACC￿Stop&Go￿is￿activated...
  • Page 136 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control Symbols Explanation Display￿lights￿up￿black/grey,￿no vehicle￿symbol￿shown: System￿has￿been￿interrupted. Distance￿control￿briefly￿paused,￿as￿the accelerator￿pedal￿is￿pressed. Vehicle￿symbol￿and￿distance￿bars￿flash￿red￿and a￿signal￿sounds: Request￿for￿intervention￿by￿braking￿and, if￿required,￿evasive￿action. Distance￿control￿(ranging)￿active: ACC￿Stop&Go￿adjusts￿to￿the￿set￿distance (distance￿1). The￿speedometer￿mark￿for￿the￿Active￿Cruise Control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function￿also￿lights￿up green￿in￿the￿speed￿reading. Distance￿control￿(ranging)￿active: ACC￿Stop&Go￿adjusts￿to￿the￿set￿distance (distance￿2). The￿speedometer￿mark￿for￿the￿Active￿Cruise Control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function￿also￿lights￿up green￿in￿the￿speed￿reading.
  • Page 137 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control Symbols Explanation Distance￿control￿(ranging)￿active: ACC￿Stop&Go￿adjusts￿to￿the￿set￿distance (distance￿3). The￿speedometer￿mark￿for￿the￿Active￿Cruise Control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function￿also￿lights￿up green￿in￿the￿speed￿reading. Distance￿3￿is￿about￿half￿the￿value￿of￿the￿km/h display￿in￿metres￿and￿is￿pre-set￿automatically when￿the￿system￿is￿first￿switched￿on. Distance￿control￿(ranging)￿active: ACC￿Stop&Go￿adjusts￿to￿the￿set￿distance (distance￿4). The￿speedometer￿mark￿for￿the￿Active￿Cruise Control￿with￿Stop&Go￿function￿also￿lights￿up green￿in￿the￿speed￿reading. This￿symbol￿is￿displayed￿if￿the￿distance￿to￿the vehicle￿ahead￿is￿too￿short.
  • Page 138 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control 19.3.3.￿System￿wiring￿diagram G12￿system￿wiring￿diagram￿for￿Active￿Cruise￿Control￿with￿Stop&Go...
  • Page 139 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 19.￿Cruise￿Control Index Explanation Active￿Cruise￿Control￿(ACC)￿Stop&Go Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿DSC Digital￿Motor￿Electronics￿(DME) Electronic￿transmission￿control￿(EGS) Fuse￿for￿front￿right￿power￿distribution￿box CAN￿terminator Body￿Domain￿Controller￿(BDC) Advanced￿Crash￿Safety￿Module￿(ACSM) Seat￿belt￿buckle￿contact,￿driver's￿seat Audio￿control￿panel Intelligent￿Safety￿button Steering￿column￿switch￿cluster￿(SZL) Door￿contact,￿driver's￿door Instrument￿panel￿(KOMBI) Controller￿(CON) Head￿Unit￿High￿2￿(HU-H2) Central￿information￿display￿(CID) Control￿unit￿for￿optional￿equipment￿system￿(SAS) CAN￿terminator...

  • Page 140: Operation

    G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 20.￿Speed￿Limit￿Warning The￿driver￿has￿the￿option￿of￿setting￿a￿speed￿at￿which￿a￿warning￿is￿issued￿when￿the￿system￿is￿activated and￿the￿preset￿speed￿is￿exceeded. 20.1.￿Operation The￿speed￿limit￿warning￿can￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off￿in￿the￿iDrive￿menu,￿as￿well￿as￿the￿speed￿setting￿at which￿the￿warning￿should￿be￿issued,￿by￿making￿the￿following￿selection￿via￿the￿controller: • "My￿Vehicle" • "Vehicle￿settings" • "Speed￿limit￿warning" • "Warning￿at:" • turn￿controller￿until￿the￿desired￿speed￿is￿displayed • press￿controller • speed￿limit￿warning￿is￿saved. Speed￿limit￿warning￿display￿on￿the￿CID...
  • Page 141 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 21.￿Lateral￿Guidance￿Assistants This￿increased￿the￿speed￿range￿in￿which￿the￿system￿can￿be￿used￿from￿40 km/h￿to￿60 km/h. The￿below￿graphic￿shows￿when￿the￿lateral￿guidance￿systems￿were￿introduced: Overview￿of￿steering￿and￿lane￿control￿assistant￿including￿traffic￿jam￿assistant Index System Functional￿characteristics￿of￿the systems Traffic￿jam￿assistant￿(from￿2015￿with • 0￿-￿70￿km/h launch￿of￿G12) • Traffic￿jam￿following￿distance control￿with￿lane￿center￿guidance • No￿road-type￿restrictions Steering￿lane￿keeping￿assistant￿(from • 70￿-￿210￿km/h 2015￿with￿launch￿of￿G12) • Lane￿center￿guidance • No￿road-type￿restrictions Active￿lane￿keeping￿assistant￿with • 30￿-￿70￿km/h￿(warning￿in￿form￿of active￿side￿collision￿protection single￿steering￿wheel￿pulse) (from￿2015￿with￿launch￿of￿G12) • 70￿-￿210￿km/h￿(corrective￿steering interventions) • Active￿steering￿interventions￿in situations￿where￿a￿collision￿is imminent •...
  • Page 142 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant The￿lane￿keeping￿assistant￿with￿traffic￿jam￿assistant￿is￿part￿of￿the￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿optional equipment￿(OE￿5AT). The￿system￿assists￿the￿driver￿in￿keeping￿the￿vehicle￿in￿lane￿by￿initiating￿corrective￿steering interventions￿if￿required. G12￿active￿steering￿intervention 22.1.￿Functional￿principle Depending￿on￿the￿speed,￿the￿system￿is￿guided￿by￿the￿lane￿edges￿or￿vehicles￿driving￿ahead.￿The position￿of￿the￿lane￿edges￿and￿the￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead￿is￿determined￿with￿the￿help￿of￿five￿radar sensors￿and￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera.
  • Page 143 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant G12￿installation￿locations￿of￿radar￿sensors￿and￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera Index Explanation Control￿unit￿for￿radar￿sensor,￿right￿(RSR) KAFAS￿stereo￿camera Blind￿spot￿detection,￿right￿(primary) Blind￿spot￿detection,￿left￿(secondary) Control￿unit￿for￿radar￿sensor,￿left￿(RSL) Active￿Cruise￿Control￿(ACC)￿(FRR)
  • Page 144 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant The￿system￿has￿two￿sub-functions:￿the￿traffic￿jam￿assistant￿(second￿generation)￿and￿the￿lane￿control assistant. The￿traffic￿jam￿assistant￿can￿be￿used￿within￿the￿speed￿range￿of￿0￿to￿70￿km/h,￿the￿lane￿control￿assistant on￿the￿other￿hand￿from￿70 to￿210￿km/h. The￿table￿below￿shows￿an￿overview￿of￿the￿differences￿between￿the￿two￿sub-functions: Traffic￿Jam￿Assist Lane￿Control￿Assistant Speed￿range￿0￿-￿70￿km/h Speed￿range￿70￿-￿210￿km/h Corrective￿steering￿interventions￿in￿the Corrective￿steering￿interventions￿in￿the direction￿of￿the￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead direction￿of￿the￿center￿of￿the￿lane Detected￿lane￿markings￿taken￿into Gaps￿in￿lane￿markings￿can￿be￿bridged￿for￿a consideration limited￿time￿by￿aligning￿with￿vehicle￿ahead If￿the￿traffic￿jam￿and￿lane￿control￿assistants￿are￿activated,￿the￿side￿collision￿warning￿is￿also￿interlinked. 22.1.1.￿Hands-off-Detection To￿ensure￿the￿driver￿is￿alert￿and￿able￿to￿react,￿he￿is￿urged￿to￿always￿have￿both￿hands￿on￿the￿steering wheel￿when￿the￿steering￿and￿lane￿control￿assistant￿including￿traffic￿jam￿assistant￿are￿activated (established￿in￿the￿German￿road￿traffic￿regulations).￿If￿the￿driver￿takes￿both￿hands￿off￿the￿steering wheel￿rim,￿control￿is￿stopped￿after￿a￿few￿seconds￿during￿active￿control￿and￿the￿driver￿is￿requested￿to take￿over￿steering. A￿capacitive￿sensor￿(hands-off￿detection￿sensor)￿with￿corresponding￿touch￿detection￿electronics￿in the￿steering￿wheel￿determines￿whether￿the￿steering￿wheel￿is￿being￿touched. The￿electronic￿touch￿detection￿is￿installed￿in￿the￿steering￿wheel￿below￿the￿driver's￿airbag.
  • Page 145 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant G12￿steering￿wheel￿with￿touch￿detection￿control￿unit The￿hands￿can￿only￿be￿detected￿on￿the￿steering￿wheel￿rim,￿not￿on￿the￿steering￿wheel￿spokes,￿hub￿or impact￿plate. The￿sensor￿consists￿of￿a￿mat￿which￿is￿wrapped￿round￿the￿steering￿wheel￿rim.
  • Page 146 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant G12￿sensor￿mat￿for￿touch￿detection Index Explanation Sensor￿mat Connection￿for￿capacitive￿touch￿detection Connection￿for￿steering￿wheel￿heating The￿lane￿keeping￿assistant￿with￿traffic￿jam￿assistant￿is￿deactivated￿a￿few￿seconds￿after￿a￿hand￿is no￿longer￿touching￿the￿steering￿wheel￿rim.￿In￿order￿to￿be￿able￿to￿use￿the￿steering￿and￿lane￿control assistant￿including￿traffic￿jam￿assistant,￿the￿steering￿wheel￿must￿be￿grasped.￿When￿driving￿with￿gloves on￿or￿with￿a￿steering￿wheel￿cover￿fitted,￿the￿sensor￿may￿not￿be￿able￿to￿detect￿contact￿with￿the￿steering wheel,￿which￿means￿the￿system￿may￿not￿be￿able￿to￿be￿used. The￿diagnosis￿of￿the￿Hands-off-Detection￿is￿performed￿in￿the￿Body￿Domain￿Controller￿BDC. 22.1.2.￿Functional￿prerequisites The￿following￿prerequisites￿must￿be￿met￿in￿order￿for￿the￿steering￿and￿lane￿control￿assistant￿including traffic￿jam￿assistant￿to￿be￿used:...
  • Page 147 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant • Speed￿must￿be￿below￿210￿km/h. • Above￿70￿km/h:￿both￿lane￿edges￿must￿be￿detected. • Below￿70￿km/h:￿both￿lane￿edges￿or￿a￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead￿must￿be￿detected. • The￿lane￿width￿must￿be￿sufficient. • The￿vehicle￿should￿be￿positioned￿as￿centrally￿as￿possible￿in￿the￿lane. • There￿must￿be￿a￿sufficient￿curve￿radius. • At￿least￿one￿hand￿must￿be￿on￿the￿steering￿wheel￿rim. • The￿turn￿indicator￿must￿not￿be￿activated. • The￿camera￿calibration￿process￿must￿be￿completed￿immediately￿after￿vehicle￿delivery. The￿active￿lateral￿control￿function￿with￿data￿evaluation￿of￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿is￿implemented with￿the￿assistance￿of￿the￿lane￿markings￿identified￿on￿the￿left￿and￿right. In￿order￿for￿the￿system￿to￿be￿activated,￿two￿lane￿boundary￿lines￿must￿be￿detected.￿Below￿a￿speed￿of approximately￿70 km/h￿a￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead￿in￿the￿same￿lane￿is￿sufficient￿to￿activate￿the￿system. The￿system￿is￿put￿in￿Standby￿mode￿if￿the￿marginal￿conditions￿are￿not￿satisfied￿(e.g.￿hands￿not￿on steering￿wheel,￿lane￿too￿narrow￿or￿dazzling￿of￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera).￿Once￿all￿marginal￿conditions have￿been￿met,￿the￿system￿is￿re-enabled￿automatically. To￿activate￿the￿system,￿the￿speed￿of￿the￿vehicle￿is￿another￿input￿quantity￿that￿is￿evaluated.￿The￿system uses￿these￿values￿to￿decide￿which￿function￿is￿enabled.￿As￿mentioned￿above,￿the￿threshold￿values￿are set￿as￿follows: • The￿traffic￿jam￿assistant￿can￿be￿enabled￿within￿a￿speed￿range￿of￿0￿to￿70 km/h. • The￿lane￿control￿assistant￿can￿be￿enabled￿within￿a￿speed￿range￿of￿70 to￿210 km/h. 22.1.3.￿Lane￿change For￿a￿lane￿change￿to￿be￿as￿comfortable￿as￿possible,￿the￿steering￿and￿lane￿control￿assistant￿including traffic￿jam￿assistant￿is￿put￿silently￿into￿Standby￿mode￿when￿the￿turn￿indicator￿is￿activated￿and reactivates￿itself￿automatically￿once￿the￿turn￿indicator￿is￿back￿in￿its￿initial￿position￿and￿a￿lane￿change has￿occurred. 22.1.4.￿Function￿logic The￿main￿function￿logic￿of￿the￿lateral￿guidance￿is￿implemented￿in￿the￿optional￿equipment￿system￿(SAS)
  • Page 148 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant 22.1.5.￿Steering￿interventions If￿the￿current￿course￿of￿the￿vehicle￿deviates￿too￿much￿from￿the￿target￿trajectory￿(path￿curve),￿a￿steering correction￿is￿initiated. The￿steering￿intervention￿is￿a￿corrective￿measure.￿This￿means￿the￿driver￿is￿not￿relieved￿of￿his￿duty￿to steer￿the￿vehicle.￿As￿the￿corrective￿steering￿interventions￿are￿limited￿to￿approximately￿1.5 m/s²￿based on￿the￿lateral￿acceleration,￿the￿system￿cannot￿navigate￿curves￿above￿the￿respective￿speed-dependent curve￿radius￿without￿the￿driver's￿assistance.￿The￿driver￿must￿therefore￿steer￿the￿vehicle￿at￿the￿same time￿in￿order￿to￿stay￿on￿the￿roadway. The￿target￿trajectory￿and￿required￿steering￿corrections￿are￿calculated￿based￿on￿the￿driving￿speed￿as follows: Speed￿range￿0￿to￿70￿km/h: • The￿position￿and￿previous￿movements￿of￿the￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead￿are￿given￿priority￿when determining￿the￿appropriate￿steering￿corrections. • Detected￿lane￿markings￿are￿taken￿into￿account￿to￿avoid￿unwanted￿steering￿corrections￿that would￿result￿in￿leaving￿the￿lane. • Corrective￿steering￿interventions￿in￿the￿direction￿of￿the￿center￿of￿the￿lane￿are￿initiated￿if￿the vehicle￿detects￿there￿is￿not￿a￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead. Speed￿range￿70￿to￿130￿km/h: • Corrective￿steering￿interventions￿in￿the￿direction￿of￿the￿center￿of￿the￿lane￿are￿initiated. • It￿is￿possible￿to￿bridge￿the￿gap￿for￿a￿limited￿time￿where￿lane￿markings￿are￿not￿detected￿by estimating￿the￿course￿of￿the￿lane￿based￿on￿the￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead. Speed￿range￿130￿to￿210￿km/h: • Corrective￿steering￿interventions￿in￿the￿direction￿of￿the￿center￿of￿the￿lane￿are￿initiated. • For￿safety￿reasons￿above￿a￿driving￿speed￿of￿approximately￿130 km/h￿the￿course￿of￿the￿lane￿is not￿estimated￿using￿the￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead. The￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead￿is￿given￿priority￿as￿the￿"correction￿target"￿at￿speeds￿ranging￿between approximately￿0 and￿70 km/h￿due￿to￿the￿limited￿detection￿of￿lane￿markings. In￿traffic￿jams￿or￿slow-moving￿traffic￿following￿distances￿are￿often￿extremely￿small￿(< 10 m)￿due￿to tailgating￿and￿lanes￿ahead￿are￿often￿partially￿covered￿due￿to￿staggered￿driving. This￿means￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿is￿unable￿to￿correctly￿interpret￿the￿lane￿markings￿in￿some￿cases. When￿classifying￿the￿object￿driving￿ahead,￿vehicles￿such￿as￿motorbikes￿are￿not￿used￿as￿the￿"correction target".
  • Page 149 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant The￿maximum￿steering￿torque￿has￿been￿set￿in￿such￿a￿way￿that￿it￿can￿always￿be￿overruled￿by￿the￿driver and￿therefore￿steering￿past￿the￿maximum￿steering￿torque￿is￿possible. 22.1.6.￿Operation The￿system￿is￿switched￿on￿via￿the￿traffic￿jam￿assistant￿button￿on￿the￿multifunction￿steering￿wheel (MFL). G12￿buttons￿for￿ACC Stop&Go￿with￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5AT) Index Explanation Button￿for￿activating￿or￿deactivating￿the￿lane￿keeping￿assistant￿with￿traffic￿jam assistant Button￿for￿activating￿or￿deactivating￿ACC￿Stop￿&￿Go Rocker￿switch￿for￿changing￿the￿set￿speed “SET”￿button￿for￿setting￿the￿speed￿of￿cruise￿control Button￿for￿adjusting￿the￿distance￿of￿the￿driver's￿vehicle￿to￿the￿vehicle￿driving ahead Button￿for￿calling￿up￿a￿saved￿set￿speed/temporarily￿switching￿off￿the￿cruise control...
  • Page 150 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant Displays Symbols Explanation Grey￿steering￿wheel￿symbol: • The￿system￿has￿been￿interrupted￿and will￿not￿make￿any￿further￿steering￿wheel movements.￿The￿system￿is￿in￿Standby mode. • Once￿the￿system￿conditions￿are met,￿the￿system￿reactivates￿itself automatically. Green￿steering￿wheel￿symbol￿and￿lane￿edges: • The￿system￿assists￿in￿keeping￿the vehicle￿in￿the￿lane. Green￿steering￿wheel￿symbol,￿grey￿lane￿edges: • No￿lane￿edges￿detected.￿The￿vehicle follows￿the￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead. Yellow￿steering￿wheel￿symbol: • Request￿for￿driver￿to￿place￿hands￿back on￿the￿steering￿wheel￿(grasp￿steering wheel).￿System￿continues￿to￿be￿active. Red￿steering￿wheel￿symbol￿and￿acoustic￿signal sounds: • The￿system￿has￿been￿interrupted.￿It￿will not￿make￿any￿further￿steering￿wheel movements. Configuration￿options The￿driver￿can￿change￿the￿system￿settings￿in￿the￿Intelligent￿Safety￿configuration￿menu.
  • Page 151 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant 22.1.7.￿System￿wiring￿diagram G12￿Active￿Driving￿Assistant￿Plus￿(OE￿5AT)/￿lane￿keeping￿&￿traffic￿jam￿assistant￿wiring￿diagram...
  • Page 152 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant Index Explanation Control￿units￿for￿left￿radar￿sensor￿(RSL)￿(side￿radar￿sensor￿for￿the￿front￿left￿side collision￿warning) Active￿Cruise￿Control￿(ACC) Control￿units￿for￿right￿radar￿sensor￿(RSR)￿(side￿radar￿sensor￿for￿the￿front￿right side￿collision￿warning) Electronic￿Power￿Steering￿EPS Fuse￿for￿front￿right￿power￿distribution￿box Electronic￿transmission￿control￿unit￿(EGS) Diagnostic￿socket CAN￿terminator Signal￿unit￿(LED)￿in￿right￿mirror￿glass Body￿Domain￿Controller￿(BDC) CAN￿terminator Advanced￿Crash￿Safety￿Module￿(ACSM) Blind￿spot￿detection,￿right￿(primary) Blind￿spot￿detection,￿left￿(secondary) Seat￿belt￿buckle￿switch,￿driver Steering￿column￿switch￿cluster￿(SZL) Driver's￿door￿lock￿switch Intelligent￿Safety￿button Instrument￿panel￿KOMBI Controller￿CON Head‐Up￿Display￿(HUD) Switch￿block￿for￿driver's￿door Central￿information￿display￿CID Head￿Unit￿High￿2￿(HU-H2) Audio￿control￿panel Control￿unit￿for￿optional￿equipment￿system￿SAS Signal￿unit￿(LED)￿in￿left￿mirror￿glass CAN￿terminator Rain-light-solar-condensation￿sensor￿(RLSBS) KAFAS￿stereo￿camera Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC) Digital￿Motor￿Electronics￿(DME) KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿heating...
  • Page 153 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 22.￿Lane￿&￿Traffic￿Jam￿Assistant 22.1.8.￿Deactivation￿criteria The￿steering￿and￿lane￿control￿assistant￿including￿traffic￿jam￿assistant￿is￿deactivated￿automatically￿in the￿following￿situations: • If￿the￿vehicle￿departs￿from￿the￿detected￿lane￿or￿the￿lane￿width￿does￿not￿meet￿the requirements. • If￿the￿lane￿edges￿of￿the￿current￿lane￿are￿not￿detected￿by￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera. • If￿no￿vehicle￿driving￿ahead￿is￿detected. • The￿vehicle￿is￿travelling￿at￿a￿speed￿greater￿than￿210 km/h. • If￿the￿Hands-off-Detection￿cannot￿detect￿the￿hands￿(at￿least￿one￿hand)￿on￿the￿steering￿wheel rim.￿Switch-off￿occurs￿once￿a￿defined￿time￿threshold￿(several￿seconds)￿has￿elapsed. • Due￿to￿the￿radius￿of￿the￿bend￿in￿the￿road,￿the￿inner￿lane￿edge￿is￿no￿longer￿detected￿due￿to￿the camera￿aperture￿angle. • Pedestrian￿protection￿assumes￿the￿operating￿condition￿"Fault￿exists". • If￿the￿turn￿indicator￿is￿on. • The￿driver￿intervenes￿actively￿in￿the￿steering. • If￿over￿a￿certain￿time￿period￿no￿lane￿edges￿are￿detected￿and￿there￿is￿not￿a￿vehicle￿driving ahead. • If￿the￿driver￿manually￿deactivates￿the￿DSC￿(DSC￿off). • If￿there￿is￿an￿intervention￿from￿the￿preventative￿pedestrian￿protection. • After￿Dynamic￿Brake￿Control￿braking￿(brake￿assistant). 22.1.9.￿Limits￿of￿the￿system When￿driving￿in￿narrow￿lanes,￿e.g.￿when￿driving￿through￿roadworks￿or￿when￿emergency￿lanes￿are formed,￿the￿system￿cannot￿be￿activated￿or￿used￿meaningfully. Due￿to￿the￿limited￿detection￿capacity￿of￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera,￿the￿driver￿must￿remain￿alert￿and observant￿in￿order￿to￿be￿able￿to￿actively￿intervene￿at￿any￿time￿so￿as￿to￿avoid￿the￿risk￿of￿an￿accident.￿The system￿does￿not￿relieve￿the￿driver￿of￿personal￿responsibility￿for￿correctly￿judging￿the￿traffic￿situation.
  • Page 154 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 23.￿Active￿Lane￿Keeping￿Assistant The￿active￿lane￿keeping￿assistant￿with￿active￿side￿collision￿protection￿is￿part￿of￿the￿Active￿Driving Assistant￿Plus￿optional￿equipment￿(OE￿5AT). The￿system￿assists￿the￿driver￿in￿keeping￿the￿vehicle￿in￿lane￿and￿actively￿avoiding￿potential￿side collisions￿by￿initiating￿corrective￿steering￿interventions￿within￿a￿speed￿range￿from￿70￿km/h￿to￿210￿km/ h.￿The￿system￿endeavours￿to￿orient￿the￿vehicle￿in￿its￿lane￿according￿to￿the￿situation￿and￿within￿the framework￿of￿the￿system￿limits. The￿system￿consists￿of￿the￿following￿four￿sub-functions: • Side￿collision￿warning • Lane￿departure￿warning • Blind￿Spot￿Detection 23.1.￿Side￿collision￿warning The￿table￿below￿shows￿an￿overview￿of￿the￿functional￿characteristics￿of￿the￿"Side￿collision￿warning" sub-function: Speed￿range Warning￿functions Corrective￿steering￿intervention 70￿-￿210 km/h • Issued￿if￿the￿vehicle • Corrective￿steering detects￿that￿it￿is￿getting intervention￿in￿the￿direction critically￿close￿to of￿the￿available￿space￿on￿the another￿vehicle￿to￿the roadway side Requirements: • Physical￿warning￿in￿the • Detected￿lanes form￿of￿vibration￿in￿the steering￿wheel￿using￿an •...
  • Page 155 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 23.￿Active￿Lane￿Keeping￿Assistant Speed￿range Warning￿function Corrective￿steering￿intervention 30￿-￿210 km/h • Issued￿if￿the￿vehicle • A￿corrective￿steering detects￿that￿it￿is￿getting intervention￿is￿not￿initiated; critically￿close￿to instead￿only￿a￿single another￿vehicle￿to￿the steering￿wheel￿pulse side warning￿is￿issued￿in￿the opposite￿direction￿to￿the • Physical￿warning￿in￿the detected￿object￿the￿vehicle form￿of￿vibration￿in￿the could￿collide￿with steering￿wheel￿using￿an unbalanced￿actuator • Visual￿warning￿in exterior￿mirror￿in the￿form￿of￿the corresponding￿warning light • 30￿-￿70￿km/h￿additional warning￿issued￿by single￿steering￿wheel pulse 23.2.￿Lane￿departure￿warning The￿table￿below￿shows￿an￿overview￿of￿the￿functional￿characteristics￿of￿the￿"Lane￿departure￿warning" sub-function: Speed￿range...
  • Page 156 G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems 23.￿Active￿Lane￿Keeping￿Assistant 23.3.￿Blind￿spot￿detection The￿table￿below￿shows￿an￿overview￿of￿the￿functional￿characteristics￿of￿the￿"Blind￿spot￿detection"￿sub- function: Speed￿range Warning￿function Corrective￿steering￿intervention 70￿-￿210 km/h • Triggered￿in￿the • Corrective￿steering event￿a￿lane￿change intervention￿in￿the￿direction that￿could￿result￿in￿a of￿the￿available￿space￿on collision￿is￿detected the￿roadway￿when￿lane by￿the￿lane￿departure change￿intention￿is￿made warning￿function. and￿neighboring￿lane￿is The￿associated obstructed physical￿warning￿in Prerequisites: the￿form￿of￿a￿vibration in￿the￿steering￿wheel • Detected￿lanes using￿an￿unbalanced • Sufficient￿available￿space￿on actuator￿is￿issued the￿roadway and￿visual￿warning in￿the￿exterior￿mirror in￿the￿form￿of￿the corresponding￿warning light.
  • Page 158 Bayerische￿Motorenwerke￿Aktiengesellschaft Qualifizierung￿und￿Training Röntgenstraße￿7 85716￿Unterschleißheim,￿Germany...

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