Aperto PacketWave 1000 Series Installation, Configuration, And Operation Manual
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Aperto PacketWave 1000 Series Installation, Configuration, And Operation Manual

Fixed wireless broadband access system
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070-20000340-01
Rev. A, July 2001
Fixed Wireless Broadband Access System
P
ACKET
B
S
ASE
Installation, Configuration, and Operation Manual
P
ACKET
W
1000 S
AVE
E
TATION
QUIPMENT
W
AVE
ERIES

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  • Page 1 ACKET Fixed Wireless Broadband Access System 1000 S ACKET ERIES TATION QUIPMENT Installation, Configuration, and Operation Manual 070-20000340-01 Rev. A, July 2001...
  • Page 2 ©Copyright 2001 by Aperto Networks All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change. Aperto, PacketWave, WaveCenter, RapidBurst, OptimaLink, and ServiceQ are trademarks of Aperto Networks. All other trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners. Aperto Networks 1637 South Main Street Milpitas, CA 95035 USA Phone: 408.719.9977...
  • Page 3 REGULATORY INFORMATION PART 15 This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two con- ditions: 1) this device may not cause harmful electromagnetic interference, and 2) this device must accept any interference received includinginterference that may cause undes- ired operations.

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    ABLE OF ONTENTS Table of Contents REFAC E Scope of This Manual ........... . Conventions Used in This Manual .
  • Page 6 ABLE OF ONTENTS DHCP Server ..........2-16 TFTP Server .
  • Page 7 ABLE OF ONTENTS 6. BSU HAPTER UBSCRIBER ON FIGUR ATION Installing the WaveCenter Configuration Manager ......How the WaveCenter Configuration Manager Works .

  • Page 8: Preface

    REFACE This manual is part of the documentation for the PacketWave fixed broadband wireless system for delivering high-speed subscriber services. The PacketWave documentation set includes: • PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit Installation, Configuration, and Operation Manual: part number 070-20000340-0x • PacketWave 100 Series Subscriber Equipment Installation and Operation Man- ual: part number 070-20000330-0x COPE OF ANUAL...

  • Page 9: Conventions Used In This Manual

    REFA CE ONVENTIONS SED IN ANUAL PacketWave manuals represent special kinds of text as follows: • Files names and URLs are represented in italics, with variables described inside angle brackets. For example, if the URL http://<IP address>/bsu.htm is refer- enced, you will replace the variable <IP address> with the appropriate real IP address.

  • Page 10: General Cautions And Warnings

    Observe all customary and mandatory safety requirements when installing and operating PacketWave equipment. Because Aperto cannot be responsible for improper installation or use of its equip- ment, failure to follow these and other published cautions and warnings may void your equipment warranty.
  • Page 11 REFA CE 070-20000340-01 Rev A...

  • Page 12: Quick Start Guide

    UICK TART UIDE This chapter outlines the basic procedure for installing a PacketWave System and put- ting it into operation. It identifies the minimal requirements for getting the system up and running. WARNING: This QuickStart Guide assumes that installation procedures will be performed by qualified professionals following all safety and other requirements and acting in accordance with standard prac- tices and procedures.

  • Page 13: Planning, Site Preparation, And Configuration

    1. Q HAP TER UI CK TAR T UI DE L ANNING IT E REPARATION ONFIGURATION Before you begin installing the PacketWave equipment, make sure you properly plan the overall system and individual sites. Step 1. Determine and Prepare Locations A.
  • Page 14 E. When all configuration has been completed, generate the BSU configuration file by clicking on the Generate BSU Config button and following the prompts. Save the config file with a name uniquely linking it to the BSU; Aperto recommends the default format bsc_<MACaddress>.cfg.
  • Page 15 Generate Configuration File button and following the prompts. Save the config file with a name uniquely linking it to the subscriber Indoor Unit; Aperto recommends the default format cpe_<MACaddress>.cfg. D. Close the CPE Configuration Manager. If there are additional subscribers to configure, return to step A.

  • Page 16: Installing And Starting Base Station Equipment

    1. Q HA PTER UI CK TAR T UI DE NSTALLING AND TART ING TATION QUIPMENT The steps in this section outline the physical installation of the base station equipment. (See Chapters 4 and 5 of this manual for details.) Step 6.

  • Page 17: Installing And Starting Subscriber Equipment

    1. Q HAP TER UI CK TAR T UI DE After the first successful loading of the BSU configuration file from the TFTP server, the configuration will be stored in nonvolatile memory on the BSU. Thus, if the BSU is rebooted when the TFTP server is unreachable, the BSU will operate with its exist- ing configuration rather than going into standby mode.
  • Page 18 1. Q HA PTER UI CK TAR T UI DE Step 10. Install the Indoor Unit (Bridge/Router) A. To start, in most cases, the Indoor Unit should be temporarily placed close to the Outdoor Unit to facilitate antenna alignment process. When the installation of the- Outdoor Unit is complete, move the Indoor Unit to its permanent location.
  • Page 19 1. Q HAP TER UI CK TAR T UI DE Step 12. Configure Subscriber Hosts A. Connect the subscriber’s computer(s) to the 10/100Base-T interface on the Indoor Unit, using a straight Ethernet cable for connection to a hub or a crossover Ether- net cable for connection directly to a computer.
  • Page 20 ACKET YSTEM Aperto Networks’ PacketWave System is a next-generation fixed broadband wireless access solution that dramatically increases capacity and coverage while reducing deployment cost and time to market. It is a cellular system consisting of the bncr stenera)cost indi p...

  • Page 21: A Cket

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW Figure2-1 PacketWave System Elements 070-20000340-01 Rev A 2–2...

  • Page 22: Cell Size, Capacity, And Scalability

    Y STEM VER VIEW Cell Size, Capacity, and Scalability Aperto’s advanced wireless technologies support a wide range of cell requirements, and make PacketWave an exceptionally scalable solution. PacketWave cell specifica- tions include: • Cell radius can easily reach 5 miles (8 km) with line-of-site transmission paths, or about 1 mile (1.6 km) with obstructed paths.

  • Page 23: Ip-Based System

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW IP-Based System The PacketWave System leads the industry in the implementation of advanced IP fea- tures and services. Packet filtering, DHCP snooping, and ARP snooping conserve bandwidth for subscriber traffic. Support for IP RIP routing, multiple subnets per sec- tor, Variable-Length Subnet Mask (VLSM), and Classless Internet Domain Routing (CIDR) ensure complete control of IP address management and network configura- tion.

  • Page 24: Technological Innovations

    A VE Y STEM VER VIEW Technological Innovations At the heart of PacketWave's revolutionary performance are three innovative Aperto Networks technologies: RapidBurst™, OptimaLink™, and ServiceQ™. RapidBurst RapidBurst technology enables the PacketWave System to achieve exceptionally low latency and high spectral efficiency. Advanced Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) burst mode ensures maximum flexibility and efficiency in both upstream and downstream transmissions.

  • Page 25: Base Station (Cell Site) Equipment

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW TATION QUIPMENT PacketWave base station equipment includes the PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit and associated radios and antennas. Base Station Unit The PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit, shown in Figure 2-2, is a single rack- mounting controller unit which supports any of the PacketWave System radio and backhaul options.

  • Page 26: Multiple Base Station Units

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW • Two slots for plug-in modules. - One slot will support a dual wireless interface unit, allowing a total of six wireless interfaces in the Base Station Unit. - The second slot will support an alternative backhaul interface.

  • Page 27: Subscriber Site Equipment

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW UBSCRIBER QUIPMENT PacketWave equipment installed at the subscriber site consists of an subscriber Indoor Unit (a bridge/router between the wireless subnet and the subscriber’s computer or LAN), and an outdoor integrated radio/antenna unit. The two units are illustrated in Figure2-3 .
  • Page 28 2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW There are three models of the Indoor Unit: the PacketWave 110, 120, and 130. R1P1 supports only the PacketWave 130, which can function as either a bridge or a NAT router as illustrated in Figure2-4 .

  • Page 29: The Packet Wave System Sip Network

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW ’ IP N ACKET YSTEM ETWORK The PacketWave System uses IP for the backhaul channel and the wireless channels. Overall, the system has the following network architecture, as shown in Figure2-5. •...
  • Page 30 2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW Figure2-5 PacketWave System IP Architecture 070-20000340-01 Rev A 2–11...
  • Page 31 2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW Figure2-6 PacketWave Subscriber Indoor Unit and Host IP Addressing 070-20000340-01 Rev A 2–12...

  • Page 32: Address Assignment

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW Address Assignment The PacketWave System supports DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), which manages IP address assignment for most interfaces in the PacketWave network. In the configuration of the DHCP server, the PacketWave System IP addresses must be fixed—i.e., reserved for the specific units;...

  • Page 33: Multiple Subnets On A Wireless Subsystem (Wss)

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW Multiple Subnets on a Wireless Subsystem (WSS) To enable one wireless interface to support subscribers for two or more service pro- viders, the PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit allows multiple subnets to be assigned to the same wireless interface.

  • Page 34: Variable-Length Subnets (Vlsm)

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW Variable-Length Subnets (VLSM) The PacketWave System supports Variable-Length Subnet Masking (VLSM). The essential characteristic of VLSM is that any number of contiguous final bits in an IP address can define a subnet, meaning that subnets need not be limited to Class A, B, or C sizes.

  • Page 35: Servers

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW Servers Each Base Station Unit requires access to DHCP and TFTP servers to boot up prop- erly. Access to additional servers is required for the support of specific features. For additional information about PacketWave System servers, including the configu- ration of a DHCP server, see Chapter 7.

  • Page 36: Sntp Server

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW SNTP Server The Base Station Unit typically derives the time and date from an SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) server identified by the DHCP server. The BSU includes time zone and daylight savings time parameters which it applies to the received time and date as appropriate.
  • Page 37 2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW Figure2-9 PacketWave Servers and Management Access 070-20000340-01 Rev A 2–18...

  • Page 38: Configuration And Management Software

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW ONFIGURATION AND ANAGEMENT OF TWARE The PacketWave System includes the WaveCenter Configuration Manager for devel- oping and maintaining the system’s configuration files. It also includes a browser- accessible Web GUI interface and an SNMP interface for real-time monitoring and management, plus a basic ASCII command line interface (CLI) for debugging/ troubleshooting.

  • Page 39: Web-Based Gui

    Command Line Interface An ASCII command line interface (CLI) provides a compact set of commands which are intended primarily for system troubleshooting by Aperto personnel or other qualified technicians. The CLI can be accessed via Telnet or directly through the Base Station Unit’s front-panel RS-232 port.

  • Page 40: Service Offerings And Qos

    2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW ERVICE FFERINGS AND The PacketWave System is designed to give service providers extreme freedom in the definition of multiple services and the specification of quality-of-service (QoS) levels. Before configuring individual subscribers, services and QoS parameters need to be identified.
  • Page 41 2. P HA PTER A CKET A VE Y STEM VER VIEW Figure2-10 PacketWave Service Levels 070-20000340-01 Rev A 2–22...

  • Page 42: Cell Site Considerations

    The planning of a wireless cell site is a complex task requiring the knowledge and skill of trained professionals. Location is of course a prime consideration, as are more technical factors such as interference management and lightning protection. Aperto expects that the cell site will be carefully thought out and professionally developed, and that recognized procedures and codes will be faithfully observed.
  • Page 43 3. S HAP TER Y STEM LA NNI NG • Base Station Enclosure — The PacketWave Base Station Units must be located indoors, generally within 50 meters (165 feet) of the outdoor radios and antennas. (Greater cable lengths require insertion of dc from an external source.) Ensure that an adequate room or closet is available, that it meets the Base Station Unit environment specifications, and that sufficient power (120 or 220 V ac, or -48 V dc) is available.
  • Page 44 3. S HA PTER Y STEM LA NNI NG 070-20000340-01 Rev A 3–3...

  • Page 45: Subscriber Site Considerations

    3. S HAP TER Y STEM LA NNI NG UBSCRIBER ONSIDERATIONS Locations of subscriber sites are determined by the subscribers, within the limits of the wireless cell. When implementing a subscriber site, consider the following: • Subscriber Indoor Unit — Make sure the model chosen matches the sub- scriber’s requirements for bridging/routing and host capacity.

  • Page 46: Ip Planning: Addressing And Subnetting

    3. S HA PTER Y STEM LA NNI NG IP P LANNING DDRESSING AND UBNET TING When planning a PacketWave System, make sure you fully understand the system’s IP networking principles and requirements as discussed in Chapter 2. Plan the network carefully; then document the various subnets and the individual IP addresses.

  • Page 47: Service Level Planning

    3. S HAP TER Y STEM LA NNI NG Determine the amount of configuration appropriate for your network, and the specific options to be selected. Document the configuration requirements for all Base Station Units and subscribers. Service Level Planning Management of multiple service level offerings requires careful thought and signifi- cant expertise in quality of service (QoS) issues and techniques.

  • Page 48: Mounting

    NSTALLING TATION NITS The Base Station Unit (BSU) is a rack-mountable control unit that links up to six radios and their antennas to the core network through a WAN backhaul channel. It must be mounted indoors, protected from precipitation and temperature extremes. CAUTION: Make sure that the room in which Base Station Units are installed has temperature and humidity controls necessary to maintain the...

  • Page 49: Front-Panel Connections

    4. I HA PTER NSTA LLI NG A SE TATION N ITS RONT ANEL ONNECTIONS Other than the power connection, all connections to the Base Station Unit are made on the front panel, which is illustrated in Figure4-1. Figure4-1 BSU Front Panel Connecting the Radios to the BSU Connections from the outdoor radios to the Base Station Unit are described in Chapter 5 of this manual.
  • Page 50 4. I HAPTER NSTA LLI NG A SE TATION N ITS Figure4-2 Backhaul Channel Examples To Ethernet backhaul router Figure4-3 Backhaul Link Connection 070-20000340-01 Rev A 4–3...

  • Page 51: Interconnecting Multiple Bsus At A Site

    4. I HA PTER NSTA LLI NG A SE TATION N ITS Interconnecting Multiple BSUs at a Site To properly identify wireless channel time slots, multiple colocated Base Station Units need to be synchronized to the same framing signal. This is done by intercon- necting the units’...
  • Page 52 4. I HAPTER NSTA LLI NG A SE TATION N ITS Main Sync Master Coaxial Cable with BNC Connectors Alternate Sync Master Coaxial Cable with BNC Connectors T connector T connector T connector T connector Connects Connects Main Sync Out Alt Sync Out on Main Master on Alternate Master...

  • Page 53: Connecting An External Reference Clock

    4. I HA PTER NSTA LLI NG A SE TATION N ITS Connecting an External Reference Clock For timing, a Base Station Unit can use its own internal oscillator, or a 10 MHz signal from an external source. When multiple BSUs are colocated, it is a good idea to use an external source to facilitate synchronization.

  • Page 54: Connecting To The Alarm/Control Relay Switch

    4. I HAPTER NSTA LLI NG A SE TATION N ITS Connecting to the Alarm/Control Relay Switch The Relay Switch connector on the Base Station Unit provides dry relay contacts for operating external equipment. It supports normally-open and normally-closed circuits, as shown in Figure4-6.

  • Page 55: Connecting To The Rs-232 Craft Port

    4. I HA PTER NSTA LLI NG A SE TATION N ITS Connecting to the RS-232 Craft Port The RS-232 craft port on the Base Station Unit supports a direct serial connection to a PC, and is intended for temporary management and troubleshooting sessions using a command line interface (CLI).

  • Page 56: Ac Power

    4. I HAPTER NSTA LLI NG A SE TATION N ITS AC Power An ac power cord is supplied with the Base Station Unit. To apply power to the BSU, simply plug the cord into the receptacle on the rear panel of the BSU (shown in Figure4-8 ) and then into a standard grounded wall outlet.

  • Page 57: Dc Power

    4. I HA PTER NSTA LLI NG A SE TATION N ITS DC Power The dc-power PacketWave 1000 includes dual terminal barrier connectors for redun- dant -48 V dc power connections, plus two 4mm ground studs at the bottom edge of the rear panel.

  • Page 58: Nstalling

    NSTALLING ADIOS AND NTENNAS The PacketWave base station antennas and radios are designed for mounting outdoors on common antenna masts, and include mounting brackets for such mounting. Differ- ent mounting hardware can be substituted as appropriate for your antenna support. NSTALLING THE NTENNA OUNT ING...

  • Page 59: Mounting The Antennas And Radios

    5. I HA PTER NSTA LLI NG AD IOS AN D NTENN AS OUNTING THE NTENNAS AND ADIOS Before mounting the antennas, you need to know the compass directions and ele- vation tilts appropriate for each sector. (The antennas have a beam width of 60° or 90°...

  • Page 60: Running The Radio Cables

    5. I HAPTER NSTA LLI NG AD IOS AN D NTENN AS UNNING THE ADIO ABLES Connections to the radio include two “RF jumper” connections “up” to the antenna and two connections “down” to the Base Station Unit. Radio to Antenna The radio is connected to the antenna by two cables.
  • Page 61 5. I HA PTER NSTA LLI NG AD IOS AN D NTENN AS Figure5-2 Radio Cables for Connection to Antenna Control cable to radio Signal cable to radio Figure5-3 BSU Radio Connections 070-20000340-01 Rev A 5–4...

  • Page 62: Radio Signal Connection

    5. I HAPTER NSTA LLI NG AD IOS AN D NTENN AS Signal cable Control cabl to BSU to BSU Figure5-4 Radio Signal and Control Connections Radio Signal Connection The radio signal cable should be outdoor-rated 75-ohm quad-shield coaxial cable with a maximum length of 165 feet (50 m) unless dc voltage is inserted from an external source.

  • Page 63: Control Connection

    5. I HA PTER NSTA LLI NG AD IOS AN D NTENN AS Control Connection The radio signal cable should be shielded outdoor-rated Cat 5, and may be up to 165 feet (50 m) in length. It terminates with an RJ45 male connector at each end. To install the radio control cable, perform the following steps: 1.

  • Page 64: Dc Voltage Insertion For Extra-Long Cables

    5. I HAPTER NSTA LLI NG AD IOS AN D NTENN AS DC Voltage Insertion for Extra-Long Cables If the radio signal cable is longer than 165 feet (50 meters), the power provided by the Base Station Unit via this cable will be attenuated to the point that it is insufficient to properly power the radio.
  • Page 65 5. I HA PTER NSTA LLI NG AD IOS AN D NTENN AS 070-20000340-01 Rev A 5–8...
  • Page 66 UBSCRIBER ONFIGURATION This chapter describes how to use Aperto’s WaveCenter Configuration Manager™ to configure the base station and subscriber equipment in a PacketWave System. Creating the BSU and subscriber (CPE) configuration files and placing them on the TFTP server is half of the PacketWave system configuration. The other half is the configuration of the IP network, including the DHCP server, described in Chapter 7.
  • Page 67 6. BSU HA PTER UBSCR IBER ON FI GU RATI ON Depending on the particulars of your network, it may be a good idea to run the WaveCenter Configuration Manager on the same computer that provides the system’s TFTP server. If you run the Configuration Manager on a different computer, you must be able to move the files created by the Configuration Manager to the TFTP server computer.

  • Page 68: Bsu And Subscriber Branches

    6. BSU HA PTER UBSCR IBER ON FI GU RATI ON OW T HE ENTER ONFIGURATION ANAGER ORKS The WaveCenter Configuration Manager is used to create a separate configuration file for each Base Station Unit and each subscriber in the system. Each base station unit and subscriber site (CPE) must have a valid configuration file in order to function.

  • Page 69: Configuration Screen Formats

    6. BSU HA PTER UBSCR IBER ON FI GU RATI ON Figure6-2 WaveCenter Configuration Manager Screen Elements Configuration Screen Formats Each branch of the WaveCenter Configuration Manager (BSU and subscriber/CPE) consists of multiple configuration menu screens identified and accessed by tabs. Figure6-2 shows a typical screen and its elements, while Table6-A defines the ele- ments.
  • Page 70 6. BSU HA PTER UBSCR IBER ON FI GU RATI ON Table6-A Functions of CM Screen Elements Screen Element Function Menu Bar: File Allows opening and saving of configuration files, and exiting from (i.e., closing) the CM branch. Menu Bar: Help Opens CM help files (future).

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