Yamaha TX81Z Product Manual
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Yamaha TX81Z Product Manual

Fm tone generator
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See also: Service Manual , Owner's Manual
YAMAHA
®
AUTHORIZED
PRODUCT MANUAL
FM TONE GENERATOR

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Summary of Contents for Yamaha TX81Z

  • Page 1 YAMAHA ® AUTHORIZED PRODUCT MANUAL FM TONE GENERATOR...
  • Page 2 YAMAHA FM TONE GENERATOR OWNER’S MANUAL...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Then, to get an idea of the full range of possibilities, read “How Does the TX81Z Work?”. Detailed explanations of each mode follow. The chapter en- titled “Ideas and Suggestions” has some interesting ways to use the TX81Z. Various supplementary reference materials are also included.

  • Page 4: Features

    *13 Microtonal Scales (2 user-programmable and 11 preset). *Pan, Single Note Chord, and Transposed Delay effects. *Save and load TX81Z memory data to and from a cassette. *Transmit and receive TX81Z memory data via MIDI. *Program Change Table for re-directing program change messages.

  • Page 5: Simple Playing Instructions

    1 (see the owner’s manual for your keyboard). When you turn the TX81Z power on, it will flash each LED, display “*YAMAHA TX81Z* <Good morn- ing!!>” for a few seconds (this greeting can be changed, see p.46), and then display whatever function was selected when the power was turned off.

  • Page 6: Select Voices

    The TX81Z has 5 banks of 32 voices. Banks A-D contain factory preset voices. SELECT VOICES (When the unit is shipped, bank “I” contains selected voices from bank A-D.) Use the PARAMETER keys to select banks I, A, B, C, D. Use the DATA ENTRY keys to select voices 1-32 in each bank.

  • Page 7: How Does The Tx81Z Work

    HOW DOES THE TX81Z WORK? The TX81Z has two main modes. Each main mode has three “sub-modes”. Press twice, remains lit. PERFORMANCE S I N G L E PLAY (Performance) PLAY (Single) The TX81Z acts as up to Select and play any...
  • Page 8 Performance Memory (p.35) Each performance memory can set the TX81Z to act as up to 8 independent instruments, each controlled on a different channel. Effect Memory (p.29) Each performance can use one of the three effects. Program Change Table (p.26) Incoming program change messages can select any- thing you want;...

  • Page 9: Front/Rear Panel

    EDIT, this will returns you to PLAY mode. The LED blinks to indicate an incoming note. REAR PANEL CASSETTE Use the included cassette cable to connect this to a data cassette recorder for saving and loading TX81Z data. MIDI THRU All messages received at MIDI IN are re-transmitted unchanged from this terminal.
  • Page 10 MIDI messages coming into this terminal will make the TX81Z produce sound, and TX81Z bulk data can also be received here. OUTPUT I, II Sound produced by the TX81Z is sent from here to an external mixer or amp. If only output I is used, it will transmit the combined signal from both outputs. – 8 –...
  • Page 11 SINGLE MODE In this mode, the TX81Z will act as a single, 8-note polyphonic instrument. Single mode also allows you to create or edit voices.

  • Page 12: Play Single

    MIDI Program Changes 1-32 will select bank I 1-32 (internal user memories), 33-64 will select from bank A, and so on. When the TX81Z is shipped, the internal user memories I01-132 contain selected voices from banks A-D. STORE VOICE You can store the currently selected voice (edited or not) in the Internal user memory (Bank I).

  • Page 13: Single Edit

    SINGLE: Edit SINGLE EDIT This is where you create your own voices, or edit the preset voices. In this section we assume you already know something about FM synthesis. If you are new to FM, please turn to p.83 and read “What’s FM?” before continuing.

  • Page 14: Compare

    SINGLE: Edit When you first enter SINGLE EDIT mode, the LCD will show an “E” in the COMPARE upper left corner, indicating “Edit”. As soon as you modify the data, this will change to “e”. Modifications have been made Original data unchanged While editing a voice, you can compare it with the original voice.
  • Page 15 SINGLE: Edit The LFO is a Low Frequency Oscillator that sends a continuously changing control signal. Its effect depends on the Sensitivity (p.16) and Voice Function Edit LFO? (p.21) settings, and can affect the output level of the operators or the overall pitch of the voice.
  • Page 16 SINGLE: Edit Wave (saw up, square, triangle, S/Hold) saw up (saw tooth wave) square (square wave) triangle (triangle wave) S/Hold (sample & hold) The first three waveshapes are probably familiar to you. S/Hold stands for Sample And Hold. At periodic intervals determined by the LFO Speed, a random number is sampled, and the LFO is held at that random value until the next sample.
  • Page 17 SINGLE: Edit This is where you set the sensitivity of the voice to LFO Pitch Modulation, and Sensitivity? set the sensitivity of each operator to incoming LFO and other control signals. Answer YES and use the PARAMETER keys to select the four Sensitivity parameters.
  • Page 18 SINGLE: Edit This is where you set the frequency of each operator. Each operator can be set to Ratio or Fixed mode. In Ratio mode, the frequency will depend on the key Edit Frequency? you play. In Fixed mode, the frequency will be the same no matter which key you play.
  • Page 19 SINGLE: Edit The TX81Z is the first Yamaha synthesizer to offer FM synthesis with 7 new Oscillator Wave waveforms in addition to sine waves. Each operator can be independently set to one of the following 8 waveforms. The selected waveform will be graphically indicated in the LCD.
  • Page 20 SINGLE: Edit Attack Rate determines how quickly the level will rise up to maximum level. AR (0-31) When AR is 0, the rate is slowest and when AR is 31, the attack is fastest, 1st Decay Rate determines how quickly the level will decay from maximum to D1R (0-31) the 1st Decay Level.
  • Page 21 SINGLE: Edit Continue holding STORE/EG COPY and use the DATA ENTRY keys to select the source operator. Use the CURSOR keys to move the blinking cursor and use the DATA ENTRY keys to select the destination operator. Release STORE/ EG COPY and answer YES. The envelope (AR, D1R, D1L, D2R, RR) will be copied.
  • Page 22 SINGLE: Edit This is where you set how the TX81Z will be controlled by incoming MIDI Function? messages. Answer YES to the “?” display and use the PARAMETER keys to select the sixteen Function parameters. Poly Mode (Poly/Mono) Poly Mode: In SINGLE mode, the TX81Z will play up to 8 notes simultane- ously, and in PERFORMANCE mode, each instrument will play as many notes as permitted in the “Max Notes”...
  • Page 23 This allows you to use the Foot Controller connected to your keyboard to con- trol the volume of the TX81Z voice. When FC Volume is at 99, the volume of the TX voice is regulated completely by the Foot Controller, ie. when the Foot Controller pedal is at minimum position, there will be no sound.
  • Page 24 SINGLE: Edit Rev. Rate (off, 1-7) This is a “pseudo-reverb” effect created by slowing the EG release rates after a certain point. It depends on the OP1 EG. (OP1 on/off or OP1 output level does not matter.) When the EG level of OP1 descends to -18dB, this “pseudo- reverb”...

  • Page 25: Single Utility

    This is where you save and load data to external devices, and perform various other useful functions. These settings are not part of a Performance Memory. They are set for the entire TX81Z. To enter Utility mode, press UTILITY while in PLAY SINGLE or EDIT SINGLE mode.
  • Page 26 When this is set to “omn”, all channels will be received. Transmit Channel (1-16) This is the MIDI channel on which TX81Z data (bulk voice data, etc.) will be transmitted. When transmitting data to another TX81Z, this must match the receive channel of the other device (unless the receiver is set to “omni”).
  • Page 27 YES to transmit it. Note This data can be received by another TX81Z (or any data storage device) if its Memory Protect (p.27) is Off, its Exclusive (p.26) is On, and its Receive Channel (p.25) matches the Transmit Channel (p.25).
  • Page 28 SINGLE: Utility There is a Program Change Table in TX81Z memory that can be used to Edit P. Ch. Tbl. “redirect” incoming Program Change messages. When a program change (on the Receive Channel, p.25) is received, this table is consulted, and the correspond- ing Voice or Performance is selected.
  • Page 29 Using the cassette cable included with the TX81Z, connect the white plug to the earphone jack, and the red plug to the microphone jack. If you change your mind while saving, verifying or loading, press NO to quit.
  • Page 30 You can choose any voice (1-32) to load from tape into the voice edit buffer of the TX81Z. Press YES. The LCD will show “Tape ?? to BUFF?” so and use the PARAMETER keys to select the tape data (1-32) you want. Then press YES again and start the cassette playback.
  • Page 31 I and II. Thus, to create a natural panning effect, both instruments should be using the same voice. When Pan is used in PLAY SINGLE mode, the TX81Z will automatically act as two identical instruments (one assigned to output I, the other to output II), each playing up to four notes.
  • Page 32 ±2 octave range. The blinking cursor will appear when you press DEC/ INC. The TX81Z has 13 microtonal scales (11 preset and 2 user-programmable), one Micro Tune? of which can be selected for use in a performance (p.41). This is where you edit the two user-programmable scales.
  • Page 33 Here you can edit the tuning of each note in the scale from C#-1 to C7 (the full range of the TX81Z’s sound producing capability. As explained in “Edit Octave”, use the PARAMETER keys to select the note and use DEC/INC to change the tuning for each note.
  • Page 34 PERFORMANCE MODE In performance mode, you can use the TX81Z as up to eight independent instruments, and preset the max- imum number notes, note limit, reception channel, voice number, etc. for each instrument. The TX81Z will remember up to 24 of these “Performances”.

  • Page 35: Play Performance

    PERFORMANCE: Play PLAY PERFORMANCE Using the DATA ENTRY keys, select performances 1-24. The upper line of the LCD will show the Per- formance Name, and the lower line will show the voice numbers for each instrument. (Move the cursor to the formance Name, and the lower line will show the voice numbers for each instrument.

  • Page 36: Store Performance

    (You can quit without storing by pressing NO.) Note When the TX81Z is shipped, performance memories 1-24 contain the data listed on pages 51-62. Before storing your own performances, you may wish to save this data. See Save 24 Performance, p.29.

  • Page 37: Performance Edit

    Unlike Voice Edit mode, this mode has no Compare (p.13) function. When you select a Performance Memory, the data is loaded into the Perform- ance Edit Buffer, and this data tells the TX81Z how to behave. Changes you PERFORMANCE make in Edit mode affect this buffer, and are not permanent until Stored into EDIT BUFFER one of the Performance Memories 1-24.
  • Page 38 This sets the maximum number of notes that an instrument can produce. Max Notes The TX81Z can produce up to 8 notes at once. These 8 notes must be divided among the 8 instruments. ie. the total Max Notes settings of the 8 instruments can not exceed 8.
  • Page 39 PERFORMANCE: Edit Select the MID I reception channel for each instrument. Receive Ch. When set to “omni”, messages on any channel (1-16) will be received. Incoming notes below this limit will be ignored. Limit /L Incoming notes above this limit will be ignored. Limit /H You can use the Low and High note limits to create a “split”...
  • Page 40 PERFORMANCE: Edit The volume of each instrument can be set independently. A vertical bar beside Volume each number graphically indicates the volume. Note When an instrument receives a MIDI Control Change Bn.07.xx (volume), this setting will be defeated, ie. MIDI will set the volume regardless of this setting.
  • Page 41 PERFORMANCE: Edit The TX81Z has 13 Micro Tuning Tables (see p.49) in its memory; 11 are preset Micro Tune (see p.31) and the other two (one Octave and one Full) can be edited. You can select one of these 13 tables for use in a performance, and specify whether or not (on/off) each instrument 1-8 will use the selected Microtone Table.

  • Page 42: Performance Utility

    PERFORMANCE: Utility PERFORMANCE UTILITY While in PERFORMANCE mode, press UTILITY and use the PARAMETER keys to select the job you want. This lets you edit one of the voices in the currently selected performance. You will jump to SINGLE Edit mode (p.12) when you press YES. Voice Edit This lets you initialize the Performance Buffer to one of the standard settings Init Perfrm?
  • Page 43 PERFORMANCE: Utility Performance name SINGLE Instrument Assign Mode / Alternate Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) Detune (–7 – +7) Note Shift (–24 – +24) Volume (0-99) Out Assign (off,l,ll,l II) I II I II...
  • Page 44 PERFORMANCE: Utility Performance name SPLIT Instrument Assign Mode / Alternate Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit/L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) Detune (–7 – +7) Note Shift (–24 – +24) Volume (0-99) Out Assign (l,ll,l+ll) I II I II...
  • Page 45 PERFORMANCE: Utility POLY4 Performance name Instrument Assign Mode / Alternate Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) Detune (–7 – +7) Not Shift (–24 – +24) Volume (0-99) Out Assign (I, II, l+ll) I II I II...

  • Page 46: Other Functions

    However, if Key Number (p.25) is set to Odd or Even, only corresponding notes will make the LED blink. Note Range The TX81Z can produce notes in the range from C#–1 to C7. Incoming notes beyond this range will be “folded back” to the nearest octave. Battery Backup The TX81Z internal RAM memory (voice memory bank I, 24 performance memories, effects 1-3, etc.) is backed up by a battery to retain data even when...

  • Page 47: Ideas And Suggestions

    Ideas and Suggestions IDEAS AND SUGGESTIONS The TX81Z can be used in any number of ways. Here are some ideas. Double the RX rhythm machine sounds with TX sounds. PERCUSSION Most rhythm machines can be set to transmit a specified MIDI note number when a percussive voice is sounded.
  • Page 48 *Parameters which the TX81Z does not have (PEG, chorus) will be set to Off or 0. *The TX81Z BC Pitch Bias of –50 to +50 (p.22) corresponds to the DX27/100 BC Pitch Bias of 0-99. How- ever, the curve is different, (Exponential, not linear.)

  • Page 49: Micro Tuning Data Table

    113.685 96.090 92.179 90.225 *B-C 111.731 111.731 117.1079 90.225 107.820 111.731 109.775 *C-C 1200 1200.000 1200.000 1200.0000 1200.000 1200.000 1200.000 1200.000 This table shows the theoretical values. Actual data in the TX81Z is in steps of approximately 1.56 cents. –49–...

  • Page 50: Waveform Harmonic Content

    Waveform Harmonic Content WAVEFORM HARMONIC CONTENT In addition to sinewaves (pure tones), the TX81Z operators can use 7 more complex waveforms, These wave- forms are not modeled after any “real” instrument, but are mathematical transformations of sinewaves. Here is the harmonic content of each waveform. The amplitude (volume) of each harmonic partial is given as a percentage of the fundamental.

  • Page 51: Performance Data

    Performance Data PERFORMANCE DATA Performance No. 1 Performance name Acustic Guit Voice Name 1 Nylon Guit Instrument 2 Nylon Guit Alternate Assign Mode 3 Nylon Guit Max Notes (0-8) 4 Nylon Guit Voice No. (I01-D32) 5 Nylon Guit Receive Ch. (1-16), omni) 6 Nylon Guit Limit /L (C-2 –...

  • Page 52: Limit /L (C-2 - G8

    Performance Data Performance No. 3 Performance name Voice Name Bass/Sax 1 Rasp Alto Instrument Normal 2 Jaco Bass Assign Mode Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) (1-16, omni) Receive Ch. Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) (–7 –...

  • Page 53: Lfo Select (Off,1,2,Vib) Vib Vib Vib Vib Vib Vib

    Performance Data Performance No. 5 Performance name Chorus EP Voice Name 1 DynomiteEP Instrument Assign Mode Normal Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) Detune ( – 7 + 7 ) –3 Note Shift (–24 –...

  • Page 54: Limit /H (C-2 - G8) G8 G8 G8 G8 G8 G8 G8 G8

    Performance Data Performance No. 7 Performance name Hi Strings Voice Name 1 HiString 2 Instrument 2 HiString 2 Assign Mode Normal Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) –3 Detune (–7 –...
  • Page 55 Performance Data Performance No. 9 Performance name Pluck Delay Voice Name Instrument 1 Pizzicato Assign Mode Normal 2 Harp Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C2 – G8) Detune (–7 –...
  • Page 56 Performance Data Performance No. 11 Performance name Voice Name 1 Jaco Bass Instrument 2 AllThatJaz Normal Assign Mode 3 Jazz Flute Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) Detune (–7 –...
  • Page 57 Performance Data Performance No. 13 Syn Strings Performance name Voice Name 1 SynString Instrument 2 SynString Assign Mode Normal Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) Detune (–7 –...
  • Page 58 Performance Data Performance No. 15 Performance name Thin Clav Voice Name Instrument 1 Thin Clav Assign Mode Normal Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) Detune (–7 – +7) –...
  • Page 59 Performance Data Performance No. 17 Performance name Rubber Band Voice Name 1 PlasticHit Instrument 2 DynomiteEP Normal Assign Mode Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) Detune (–7 –...
  • Page 60 Performance Data Performance No. 19 Performance name Vocal Hit Voice Name 1 Vocal Nuts Instrument 2 Vocal Nuts Assign Mode Normal 3 Vocal Nuts Max Notes (0-8) 4 Vocal Nuts Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 –...
  • Page 61 Performance Data Performance No. 21 Performance name Voice & Guitar Voice Name 1 Guitar #1 Instrument 2 BaadBreath Assign Mode Normal Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) Detune (–7 –...
  • Page 62 Performance Data Performance No. 23 Performance name Voice Name Koto Choir Instrument 1 Fuzzy Koto 2 Voices Assign Mode Normal Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) Detune (–7 –...

  • Page 63: Performance Memo Chart

    Performance Memo Chart PERFORMANCE MEMO CHART Performance name Instrument Assign Mode Normal / Alternate Max Notes (0-8) Voice No. (I01-D32) Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) Limit /L (C-2 – G8) Limit /H (C-2 – G8) Detune (–7 – +7) Note Shift (–24 –...

  • Page 64: Voice Data List

    Voice Data List VOICE DATA LIST VOICE NO./ NAME ALGORITHM FEEDBACK WAVE SPEED FREQUENCY DELAY OSC. WAVE P MOD DEPTH DETUNE A MOD DEPTH OUT LEVEL SYNC FUNCTION MODE P BEND RANGE PORTAMENTO PORTAMENTO TIME FC VOLUME EG SHIFT FC PITCH FC AMPLITUDE SCALING MW PITCH...

  • Page 65: Midi Reception/Transmission

    MIDI Reception/Transmission MIDI RECEPTlON/TRANSMISSlON The TX81Z responds to MIDI messages as shown in the diagram on p.66. For System Exclusive messages see p.67. BCH indicates Basic Rcv. Ch. (p.25) and RCH indicates the receive channel for an individual instrument (p.39). G1-G16 indicates the Global Channel for Controller (p.25) or Pitch Bend (p.26).
  • Page 66 MIDI Reception/Transmission *In PLAY mode when a voice or performance is selected using the front panel keys, the TX81Z will send a program change message. I01-C32 (0-127), D01-D32 (0-31), PF01-PF24 (32-55). –66–...

  • Page 67: System Exclusive Data Format

    System Exclusive Data Format SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE DATA FORMAT Reading this section will not necessarily help you use the TX81Z. This data is provided to comply with the MIDI Specification, and will be helpful to those who write computer programs to process TX81Z data.

  • Page 68: Bulk Data Messages

    F0. 43. 0n. 7E. 00. 21. “LM .. 8976AE”. (ACED data). checksum. F7 *1 Voice (VCED) Voice parameters for the TX81Z. f = 4, data size = 93 (005dh), total size = 93 + 8 = 101 (5Dh) F0. 43. 0n. 03.00.5D. (VCED data). checksum. F7...
  • Page 69 F0. 43. 0n. 7E. 13. 0A. “LM .. 8976PM”, (data). checksum. F7 *System (SYS) TX81Z system data (basic receive channel, etc.) f = 126 “LM .. 8976S0”, data size = 10 + 27 = 37, total size = 37 + 8 = 45 FO.

  • Page 70: Dump Request Messages

    System Exclusive Data Format When the TX81Z receives one of these messages with a channel number “n” that matches its Basic Receive channel, it will transmit the requested data as DUMP REQUEST described above in Bulk Data. MESSAGES VCED F0. 43. 2n. 03. F7 VMEM F0.
  • Page 71 System Exclusive Data Format Voice Edit Parameters (VCED) Parameter number Parameter Data Attack Rate 0-31 Decay 1 Rate 0-31 Decay 2 Rate 0-31 Release Rate 1-15 Decay 1 Level 0-15 Level Scaling 0-99 OP. 4 Rate Scaling EG Bias Sensitivity Amplitude Modulation Enable Key Velocity Sensitivity Operator Output Level...
  • Page 72 32-127 — Voice name char 9 32-127 — Voice name char 10 32-127 (Parameters 87-92 not used in the TX81Z.) Operator 4-1 On/Off (bits 0-3) 0-15 (OP. on = 1) Voice Edit Additional Parameters (ACED) Parameter number Parameter Data Fixed Frequency...
  • Page 73 System Exclusive Data Format Performance Edit Parameters (PCED) Parameter number Parameter Data INST 1 Maximum Notes MAX NOTES — Voice Number MSB 0-159 Voice Number I01-D32 0-127 Receive Channel RECEIVE CH 0-16 omni = 16 Low Note Limit LIMIT/L 0-127 0(C-2)-127(G8) High Note Limit LIMIT/H 0-127 0(C-2)-127(G8)
  • Page 74 System Exclusive Data Format Voice Bulk Data Format (VMEM) address b7 data comment 0-31 0-31 0-31 0-15 0-15 OP.4 0-99 0-1, 0-7, 0-7 0-99 0-63 0-3, 0-6 OP.2 OP.3 OP.1 0-1, 0-7, 0-7 0-99 0-99 0-99 0-99 0-7, 0-3, 0-3 TRPS 0-48 0-12...
  • Page 75 System Exclusive Data Format Additional Voice Bulk Data Format address b7 data comment same as OPM VMEM PEG PR1 (not used) Set 99 PEG PL3 Set 50 EGSFT FIXRG OP . 4 FINE OP . 2 OP . 3 OP . 1 FC PITCH FC AMPLI Effect Bulk Data Format...
  • Page 76 System Exclusive Data Format Performance Bulk Data Format (PMEM) address b7 data comment OUT ASGN NUM of NOTE INST1 VOICE NO LFOS RCV CII LIMIT/L LIMIT/H DETUNE 0 ~ 14 (7 center) NOTE SHIFT VOLUME INST2 INST3 lNST4 INST5 INST6 INST7 INST8 MTBL...
  • Page 77 System Exclusive Data Format Micro Tune Octave Bulk Data Format address b7 data comment MS BYTE of MCT 13-108 LS BYTE of MCT 0-63 Micro Tune Full Bulk Data Format address b7 data comment MS BYTE of MCT 13-108 LS BYTE of MCT 0-63 C-2 (0) C#-2 (1)

  • Page 78: Specifications

    Specifications System Setup Bulk Data Format (SYS) address b7 data comment TUNE 0-172 master tune center = 64 MIDBCH 0-16 basic rev ch 16:omni MIDTCH 0-15 trans ch PCINF p. cng SW COINF 0-17 cont.cng SW 1:norm 2-17 (G1 ~ G16) PBSW 0-17 p.
  • Page 79 Model TX81Z MIDI Implementation Chart Version : 1.0 Transmitted Recognized Remarks Function ... 1-16 1 - 16 memorized Basic Default 1-16 1 - 16 Channel Changed Default 1, 2, 3, 4 memorized Messages POLY, MONO(M=1) Mode Altered 0 - 127...

  • Page 80: What's Midi

    What’s MIDI? WHAT'S MIDI? Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) is a way for keyboards, synthesizers, sequencers, rhythm ma- chines, and computers to communicate with each other. Devices that have a MIDI jack can be connected together to send and receive information. Since most musical instrument manufacturers have agreed on MIDI, you can connect devices of various manufacturers.
  • Page 81 MIDI Format Table MIDI FORMAT TABLE Binär Dezimal Hex. Binär Dezimal Hex. Binär Dezimal Hex. Binär Dezimal Hex. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1...

  • Page 82: Midi Messages

    Yamaha’s number is 43. What comes between this message and F7 (End of Exclusive) is completely up to each manufacturer (but each byte must be from 00 to 7F). Yamaha uses System Exclusive messages to transmit voice data, sequence data, rhythm pattern data, bulk memory data of all kinds, and many other useful things.

  • Page 83: What's Fm

    A complete discussion of FM Synthesis is beyond the scope of this manual. Here we will cover the basic ideas of FM, and briefly explain each TX81Z voice parameter. For a more detailed study, see “FM Theory & Applications: By Musicians for Musicians”, by Dr. John Chowning and David Bristow, published 1986 by Yamaha Music Foundation.
  • Page 84 What’s FM? ALGORITHM To do simple FM, you need only two operators, but the TX81Z has four, and these four operators can be arranged in 8 different ways. Each arrangement is called an Algorithm. The eight algorithms are shown on the pull-out operation guide under the TX81Z LCD display.
  • Page 85 What’s FM? The harmonic structure of actual acoustic sounds is usually somewhat DETUNE “irregular”. This makes them sound interesting and lifelike. By slightly De- tuning each operator, you can create this type of naturally irregular harmonic structure. The tonal characteristics of an instrument generally change from note to note. SCALING For example, high notes on a piano have a simpler harmonic structure than the bass notes.

  • Page 86: Index

    Fingered Portamento Performance Memory Fix (frequency) Performance Mode Frequency Performance Name SERVICE The TX81Z is supported by Yamaha’s worldwide network of factory trained and qualified dealer service personnel. In the event of a problem, contact your nearest Yamaha dealer. –86–...
  • Page 87 TX81Z. If the interference continues, then the TX81Z is not the source of the interference. If the TX81Z does appear to be the source of the interference, you should try to correct the situation by one or more of the following measures.
  • Page 88 YAMAHA Recyclable ® Yamaha Corporation of America 6600 Orangethorpe Avenue, P.O. Box 6600, Buena Park, CA 90622-6600 Recycled 2/24/98 27895 TX81Z OM...

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