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DAKOTA ULTRASONICS DFX-7 Operation Manual

Ultrasonic flaw detector
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OPERATION MANUAL
DAKOTA ULTRASONICS
D
F
X
-
7
D
F
X
-
7
Ultrasonic Flaw Detector
(Manual 2 of 2)
P/N P-220-0006
Rev 2.0, July 2017

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  • Page 1 OPERATION MANUAL DAKOTA ULTRASONICS Ultrasonic Flaw Detector (Manual 2 of 2) P/N P-220-0006 Rev 2.0, July 2017...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    3.20 ESC K ........................18    3.21 A   ....................... 18  RROW 3.22 ENTER   ......................... 18  3.23 MULTI MODE K ..................... 18    3.24 ON/OFF K   ......................19  3.25 DFX-7 O ......................19  VERVIEW 3.26 N ..................... 21  AVIGATING THE...
  • Page 4 3.27 T & B ....................22  OTTOM ....................23  RANSDUCER ONNECTORS & B ..................23  ROBE ATTERY OVER USB-C C ........................ 23  ONNECTOR CHAPTER FOUR SETTING UP FOR MEASUREMENT ......... 24  4.1 S ....................24  ELECTING ISPLAY 4.2 A ....................25  DJUSTING THE DISPLAY ........................
  • Page 5 EFINITIONS 10.5 A ..................... 76  TTENUATION ARAMETERS 10.6 C DGS C ....................77  REATING A URVE CHAPTER ELEVEN ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF THE DFX-7 ....84  11.1 P ........................84  ULSE IDTH 11.2 P (PRF) ................85  ULSE EPETITION REQUENCY 11.3 D .........................
  • Page 6 14.1 C ................151  OMPUTER YSTEM EQUIREMENTS 14.2 I ..................... 151  NSTALLING 14.3 C DFX-7 ................. 152  OMMUNICATING WITH THE 14.4 U DFX-7 ....................152  PGRADING THE APPENDIX A - VELOCITY TABLE ..............154  APPENDIX B - SETUP LIBRARY ..............156 ...

  • Page 7: Chapter One Introduction

    A/B Scan thickness scope, in a single unit. It’s a combination of both our CMX DL+, as well as our new DFX-7 flaw detector series. Why is this advantageous? Thickness gauge are specifically setup to very accurately measure thickness, locate pits, flaws and blind surface corrosion.

  • Page 8: Electrical Warning

    1.2 Electrical Warning The DFX-7 contains a high voltage pulser. It’s recommended that the gauge be powered off prior to connecting or disconnecting your transducer, to avoid damaging the DFX-7.

  • Page 9: Chapter Two Quick Start Guide

    DFX-7, use the UP/DOWN arrow keys to select “flaw detector”, followed by pressing the OK key start the DFX-7 in flaw mode. If this is the first time the gauge has been used, a general startup configuration will automatically be loaded and the DFX-7 is ready for general inspections.

  • Page 10: Top & Submenu Reference

    Note: The following features are set to off: GT2, TRIG, AWS, TCG, DAC, DGS. 2.3 Top & Submenu Reference The following table is a quick menu reference guide. The DFX-7 has 15 top level menu titles, and multiple submenu items as illustrated below. Refer to Chapter Three for additional definitions and information on the keypad and menu items.

  • Page 11: Loading The Default Setup

    REF TYPE REF SIZE 2.4 Loading the Default Setup If the DFX-7 has previously been used, the basic default settings can be reloaded at any time, as outlined below: Load Default Setup The following section assumes the gauge is powered up, the flaw detector option selected, and the main measurement screen is being displayed.
  • Page 12 Dakota Ultrasonics 3) Press the ENTER key to display the confirmation screen. 4) Press the OK key to load the default setup and return to the measurement screen.

  • Page 13: Chapter Three Keyboard, Menu, & Connector Reference

    CHAPTER THREE KEYBOARD, MENU, & CONNECTOR REFERENCE 3.1 Menu Key (Operation & Sub Menus) The Menu key activates the primary menu structure containing 15 menu tab groups. These tab groups then contain sub menu items, or functions. The sub menu items have been organized in the tab groups according to how closely they are related to the individual tab group names.
  • Page 14 Dakota Ultrasonics Activating and Navigation of the Menu Items 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right, and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the desired tab group is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 15: Probe - Menu

    ZERO: Used to zero the transducer and calibrate the screen. The DFX-7 is zeroed in much the same way that a mechanical micrometer is zeroed. If the DFX-7 is not zeroed correctly, all of the measurements made using the DFX-7 may be in error by...

  • Page 16: Disp (Display) - Menu

    Refer to page 99 for further info. 3.5 TUNE – Menu FILTER: The DFX-7 is a wide band flaw detector with a frequency range of 1.8 to 19 MHz (-3dB). The DFX-7+ is additionally equipped with selectable narrow band filters...

  • Page 17: Gt1 - Menu

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector GAIN: The DFX-7 has a 0-110dB gain range with 2dB resolution. This feature is used to increase/decrease the strength or amplitude of the signal. This might easily be considered as similar to turning the volume up or down on a stereo receiver.

  • Page 18: Gt2 - Menu

    Refer to page 51 for further info. THICKNESS: Used to set the thickness of the test material. The thickness will be used to determine which skip/leg the DFX-7 is detecting on. Refer to page 51 for further info.

  • Page 19: Aws - Menu

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector ANGLE: Used to set the angle of the transducer, and used in the calculations above. Refer to page 51 for further info. X-OFFSET: This feature is used to calculate the surface distance in the trigonometry function, as is a physical measurement from the index point of the probe to the front of the wedge/can/shoe/case.

  • Page 20: Dac - Menu

    Dakota Ultrasonics 3.11 DAC – Menu DAC: Toggles the DAC feature on/off/audible. A Distance Amplitude Correction (DAC) curve is used to configure a variable threshold for the gate, using the same size reflector at different distances. Refer to page 61 for further info.

  • Page 21: Setup - Menu

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector REFERENCE GAIN: Toggles the DRAW mode on/off, and used to set the reference gain from a given reference standard. Refer to page 75 for further info. TRIGGER CURVE: Used to set the alarm to detect on either the DGS curve, or independent GATE.

  • Page 22: Data - Menu

    Refer to page 146 for further info. DEFAULT SETUP: Loads a basic default setup. Use only as a last resort when the setups in the DFX-7 have been corrupted and a computer is not accessible. Refer to page 148 for further info.

  • Page 23: Xfer (Transfer) - Menu

    DFX-7. Refer to page 108 for further info. SHOW DATE: Gives the user the ability to display the date and time in the waveform area of the DFX-7. The options are OFF, DATE, TIME, BOTH. Refer to page 110 for further info.

  • Page 24: Ok Key

    Dakota Ultrasonics The MEAS key puts the DFX-7 into its primary mode of operation. In this mode, the user has a complete view of the LCD. When pressed multiple times, navigates the hot menu items. 3.19 OK Key The primary function of the OK key is confirmation of a change or selection.

  • Page 25: On/Off Key

    3.25 DFX-7 Overview In order to understand how to operate the DFX-7, it’s best to start off with an understanding of what we’re looking at. The DFX-7 has a lot of great features and tools that will prove to be a huge benefit for the variety of applications you’re constantly facing on a continual basis.
  • Page 26 Dakota Ultrasonics B. Battery Icon – Indicates the amount of battery life the DFX-7 has remaining. C. Height – Shows the signal amplitude height as a percent of 100% full screen height. D. Feature Status Bar – Indicates the features currently enabled and in use in the following order: ...

  • Page 27: Navigating The Hot Menu

    3.26 Navigating the Hot Menu The diagram above is a screenshot of the “Hot Menu” feature of the DFX-7. The Hot Menu’s contain all the most regularly adjusted features of the gauge. The primary purpose of the design, was to provide the user with an efficient way to make adjustments on the fly during inspections.

  • Page 28: Top & Bottom End Caps

    Dakota Ultrasonics Note: This is a coarse adjustment. It’s the fastest and easiest way to increment, decrement, or toggle the status, however it does so in coarse steps. Set Detect 1) Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys until DETECT is highlighted.

  • Page 29: Transducer Connectors

    C female connector. It is designed to connect directly from the DFX-7 to a standard USB type A port on a PC. The cable supplied with the DFX-7 is a USB type C to a USB type A (pt# N-003-0330). Note: This connector is also used to upgrade...

  • Page 30: Chapter Four Setting Up For Measurement

    CHAPTER FOUR SETTING UP FOR MEASUREMENT 4.1 Selecting Display View The DFX-7 includes a variety of viewing options for the waveform display. There are three primary options waveform options with selectable polarity. These are all outline below as follows: Radio Frequency (RF): Displays the entire sine wave signal, much like an oscilloscope, from a reflector or return echo.

  • Page 31: Adjusting The Display

    The Delay represents the left side of the display, and can be adjusted to start at any thickness value within the overall range of the DFX-7. Note: Once the delay is set, it will remain the same for the views: RF, +RECT, - RECT, RECTFW.
  • Page 32 Dakota Ultrasonics Setting Delay 1) Press the MEAS key once to activate measure menu items. Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left, until the DELAY cell is highlighted. 2) Press the UP, DOWN, LEFT, and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value.
  • Page 33 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector The Range is the distance from the delay that will be viewable on the screen. It can be adjusted to any value greater than the Delay. The procedures to adjust the range are outlined below: Setting Range 1) Press the MEAS key once to activate measure menu items.

  • Page 34: Gain

    If it’s turned down too much, you can’t hear it at all. The DFX-7 commands a 110dB gain range using 3 stages of amplification. The overall range makes the DFX-7 extremely versatile regarding a variety of applications and material types.
  • Page 35 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 4) Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value. 5) Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations. 6) Repeat steps 4 & 5 until the GAIN value is correctly displayed.
  • Page 36 Dakota Ultrasonics The user can also access and adjust the gain from the tabbed menus. However, this method is more tedious than making the adjustments using the Hot Menus. The procedure using the tabbed menus is outlined below: Adjusting the Gain using the Tabbed Menus 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab.

  • Page 37: Gates

    70%. The width and range are adjusted to cover the range tested, and the inspection is underway. The DFX-7 is equipped with 2 fully independent gates. Each gate has a start and stop or width, a threshold, a polarity switch, and a detect option. A gate can only detect on reflections that occur inside the boundaries of the gate.
  • Page 38 Dakota Ultrasonics No Gate Gate On The screenshots above show a rectified waveform with and without a gate enabled. The following steps outline how to enable a gate as follows: Activating a Gate Gate1 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right, and the ESC key multiple times to tab left, until the GT1 menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.
  • Page 39 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Note: Above will trigger the alarm when a signal meets or exceeds the height of the gate, and below will detect on anything that meets or is below the height of the gate. Set Gate1 Start 1) Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys until GATE1 is highlighted, followed by pressing the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the value.
  • Page 40 Dakota Ultrasonics 6) Press the OK key to set the GATE1 WIDTH and return to the menu screen, or ESC to cancel entering the GATE1 WIDTH. Note: This sets the overall width of the gate in terms of the horizontal axis or depth.
  • Page 41 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Note: Sets where the detection will occur, on the negative or positive going echoes.

  • Page 42: Chapter Five Calibration

    CHAPTER FIVE CALIBRATION In this section we’ll focus on calibrating the DFX-7. There are a number of ways to go about performing a calibration, but we’ll be focusing on the simplest and most accurate method, which is performing a two point calibration. This method is very convenient, as it will automatically calculate the material velocity and zero using a minimum and maximum calibration standard of know thickness and material type.
  • Page 43 However, the user should invest the necessary time getting to know the features and options included in the DFX-7, as well as gaining a good understanding of their function: Loading Default Setup 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab.
  • Page 44 Dakota Ultrasonics 2) Press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box. 3) Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value. 4) Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations. 5) Repeat steps 3 & 4 until the desired range value is displayed.
  • Page 45 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Activating a Gate 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the GT1 menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.
  • Page 46 Dakota Ultrasonics 5) Repeat steps 3 & 4 until the desired GATE1 value is displayed. Note: In our example, a value less than 1 inch should be selected. 6) Press the OK key to set the value and return to the GT1 menu.

  • Page 47: Straight Beam Calibration

    5.2 Straight Beam Calibration Now that the DFX-7 is setup with a valid range and a gate enabled, we’re ready to perform a two point, calibration using a single element contact style transducer, as follows: Two Point Calibration –...
  • Page 48 Dakota Ultrasonics Coupling to the 1” Cal Standard (1 Point) Apply a drop of couplant on the transducer and place the transducer in steady contact with the 1” calibration standard. Be sure that the reading is stable and the repeatability indicator, in the top left corner of the display, is fully lit and stable.
  • Page 49 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 3) Press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box. 4) Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value. 5) Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations.
  • Page 50 Dakota Ultrasonics stable. Also, be sure there is sufficient signal amplitude in order to avoid ‘peak jumping’ or missing the first cycle. Adjusting the Gate 1) Press the MEAS key once to activate the measure menu items. Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left, until the GATE1 cell is highlighted.
  • Page 51 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 4) Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value. 5) Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations. 6) Repeat steps 4 & 5 until the known thickness value is correctly displayed.
  • Page 52 Dakota Ultrasonics Adjusting the Gate to Calibrated Range 1) Press the MEAS key once to activate the measure menu items. Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left, until the GATE1 cell is highlighted.

  • Page 53: Angle Beam Calibration

    Refer to section 5.1 and 5.2, regarding the procedures to setup and calibrate the DFX-7. The following are a list of additional items to consider when using an angle beam...
  • Page 54 Selecting the Material Type: The user can also select a material type directly from a table built into the DFX-7 with shear wave values. This would only get the user close, in terms of velocity, to the...
  • Page 55 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector wave values, the TRIG mode must be enabled. The following outlines the steps to enable the shear wave velocity table and select a material type from the chart: Selecting the Material Type 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the TRIG menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.
  • Page 56 Dakota Ultrasonics 7) Press the ENTER key to select the material type and initiate the overwrite confirmation screen. 8) Press the OK key to confirm the material selection, or ESC key to cancel changing the material type.

  • Page 57: Chapter Six Trigonometry Mode

    CHAPTER SIX TRIGONOMETRY MODE 6.1 Introduction to TRIG Trig mode is most commonly used for inspecting welded joints using an angle beam transducer. Based on the location, orientation, and geometry of the weld, a straight beam transducer is typically not suitable for inspection. As a result, a transducer emitting sound at a given angle will allow the operator to position the transducer away from the actual weld, and “skip”...

  • Page 58: Setup Trigonometry Mode

    (B). Curved Surface Correction: The DFX-7 will also compensate for convex curved surfaces of longitudinally welded pipes. A curved surface will produce a greater sound path than a flat surface will, using a transducer with a given angle. The user should consider the angle used on curved surfaces, with respect to the material thickness, in order to be sure a reflection will occur from the opposite surface of the test material.
  • Page 59 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Activating & Setting the Parameters Activate Trig Mode 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right, and the ESC key multiple times to tab left, until the TRIG menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.
  • Page 60 Dakota Ultrasonics 4) Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations. 5) Repeat steps 3 & 4 until the thickness is correctly displayed. 6) Press the OK key to set the THICKNESS and return to the menu screen, or ESC to cancel entering the THICKNESS.
  • Page 61 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 6) Press the OK key to set the X-OFFSET and return to the menu screen, or ESC to cancel entering the X-OFFSET. Note: The X-Offset is used for purposes of marking, and is physically measured with a ruler from the index point to the front edge of the transducer.

  • Page 62: Chapter Seven Aws - Weld Inspection

    (SP), surface distance (SD), and depth (D). The following sections provide an outline for using the AWS feature. 7.2 Additional Comments Since the DFX-7 is a gain controlled instrument, the following formula applies: A – B – C = D Where:...
  • Page 63 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector inspection, and should additionally be setup prior to enabling the AWS feature. Refer to Chapter Six for instructions on setting up TRIG mode. Activating & Setting AWS Activating AWS Mode 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right, and the ESC key multiple times to tab left, until the AWS menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.
  • Page 64 GATE1 cell is highlighted. Note: A gray cursor should be visible in the waveform area of the display. Also, since the DFX-7 has been previous calibrated and the TRIG feature has been setup, a gate should be enabled and active.
  • Page 65 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 2) Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to position the start of GATE1 to trigger on the waveform. 3) Optionally, press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left, until the WIDTH1 cell is highlighted.
  • Page 66 Dakota Ultrasonics Note: The AWS screen can be toggle on by pressing the OK key while in the main measurement screen. Equally, the Hot Menus can be toggled by pressing the MEAS at any time.

  • Page 67: Chapter Eight Distance Amplitude Correction (Dac)

    Therefore, if the -6/-12dB curve option has been selected, the user can toggle the TRIGGER options: GATE, DAC, -6dB, or -12dB. Note: Based on the screen resolution of the DFX-7, the dynamic range of the DAC is approximately 18dB. As a result, inspection of any materials that attenuate more than 18dB over the inspection range, the DAC feature should not be used, and TCG (Time Corrected Gain) should optionally be considered.

  • Page 68: Creating Adac Curve

    Dakota Ultrasonics %FSH – The top of the waveform display represents 100% full screen height. Any waveform amplitudes generated greater than 100% full screen height will not be displayed. 100% is the greatest value that can be displayed. Note: The MEAS option selected is overridden with %FSH while the DAC curve is in DRAW mode.
  • Page 69 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 2) Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until DAC is highlighted. 3) Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to toggle the DAC feature ON or AUDIBLE. The menu items should now become active and adjustable, as illustrated above.
  • Page 70 Dakota Ultrasonics 1) Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys multiple times until FIT is highlighted, followed by pressing the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to select SPLINE or LINEAR. 2) Proceed to the next section – Drawing the DAC.
  • Page 71 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector ex. 1 ex. 2 2) Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right, and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the DAC BOX: cell is highlighted. Now that the DAC BOX: cell is highlighted, the cursor can be controlled by moving the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys.
  • Page 72 Dakota Ultrasonics 6) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right, and the ESC key multiple times to tab left, until the DAC menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 73: Chapter Nine Time Corrected Gain (Tcg)

    CHAPTER NINE TIME CORRECTED GAIN (TCG) 9.1 Introduction to TCG The TCG feature increases gain as distance increases, in order to achieve an overall level of sensitivity for the same reflector at different distances. It is very similar to the DAC feature noted in a previous chapter.
  • Page 74 Dakota Ultrasonics Activating TCG 4) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right, and the ESC key multiple times to tab left, until the TCG menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.
  • Page 75 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 11) Press the OK key to set the % SCRN HEIGHT and return to the menu screen, or ESC to cancel entering the % SCRN HEIGHT. Activating Draw Mode 4) Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until DRAW is highlighted.
  • Page 76 Dakota Ultrasonics ex. 1 ex. 2 2) Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right, and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the TCG BOX: cell is highlighted. Now that the TCG BOX: cell is highlighted, the cursor can be controlled by moving the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys.
  • Page 77 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 7) Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys until DRAW is highlighted, followed by pressing the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys until OFF is displayed. The TCG curve is now set. 8) Optionally, the TCG curve can be displayed by pressing the UP and DOWN arrow keys until CURVE is highlighted, followed by pressing the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys toggle ON.

  • Page 78: Chapter Ten Distance, Gain, Size (Dgs)

    CHAPTER TEN DISTANCE, GAIN, SIZE (DGS) 10.1 Introduction to DGS (AVG) The DGS (Distance, Gain, Size) method was introduced in 1958 as a way to standardize the process of evaluating and sizing defects, also referred to by the German acronym AVG. This method uses a combined empirical and mathematical model to eliminate the need for a large range of reference standards, generally required when using the DAC or TCG methods.

  • Page 79: Dgs Diagram

    If DGS/AVG transducers are being used, the values for effective diameter and frequency can simply be entered into the DFX-7. However, if a standard transducer will be used and has a standard transducer certificate, the effective diameter must be estimated in order to determine the near field length (NFL).
  • Page 80 Dakota Ultrasonics Where: N = Near Field Length = Effective Diameter = Wave Length (velocity/frequency) In order to approximate the effective diameter, the shape of the crystal must be taken into account. Transducers are either round or square/rectangular in shape, and can...

  • Page 81: Parameter Definitions Dgs(Avg)

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector = Effective Diameter K = Aspect Ratio A = Largest Dimension 0.97 = Fixed Ratio Calculated results can also be compared to the following table: Ratio of the sides 1.37 1.25 1.15 1.09 1.04 1.01 1.00 0.99...

  • Page 82: Attenuation Parameters

    DGS(AVG) chart in section 10.1. If the value entered is not an exact curve value represented in the diagram, the DFX-7 will compare and interpolate between the two closest curves, and mathematically derive a curve for that value.

  • Page 83: Creating Adgs Curve

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector DVK (Curvature Correction): If a V1/K1 or V2/K2 (A2/A4, IIW/Kidney) calibration standard is used as a reference reflector, the curved surface offers additional focus normally resulting in greater signal output. DVK is a correction to the gain, in order to simulate the amplitude generated from a flat back wall.
  • Page 84 Dakota Ultrasonics Activating DGS 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right, and the ESC key multiple times to tab left, until the DGS menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.
  • Page 85 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 2) Alternatively, press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box. 3) Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys multiple times to scroll the highlighted value. 4) Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys multiple times to scroll the digit locations.
  • Page 86 Dakota Ultrasonics 2) Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys multiple times until ERS is highlighted, followed by pressing the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the value. When the correct ERS is displayed, proceed to the next setting.
  • Page 87 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 6) Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys multiple times to scroll the digit locations. 7) Repeat steps 5 & 6 until the parameter value is correctly displayed. 8) Press the OK key to set the value and return to the ATTENUATION sub menu screen, or ESC to cancel entering the parameter value.
  • Page 88 Dakota Ultrasonics 2) Couple the transducer to the first calibration standard, and peak up on the reflector, adjusting the gain to keep the signal height within the boundaries of the waveform display area, and at a suitable height to allow for attenuation at greater depths in the overall range to be tested.
  • Page 89 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 5) Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys multiple times until REFERENCE GAIN is highlighted, followed by pressing the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to toggle OFF. The DGS curve is now set and ready to be used for...

  • Page 90: Chapter Eleven Additional Features Of The Dfx-7

    ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF THE DFX-7 11.1 Pulse Width The DFX-7 has a square wave pulser with adjustable pulse width option. Pulse width, refers to the duration of time the pulser is left on. This time results in increased energy sent into the test material. There are three width options (SPIKE, THIN, and WIDE).

  • Page 91: Pulse Repetition Frequency (Prf)

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 11.2 Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) The DFX-7 is equipped an adjustable pulse repetition rate, with adjustable settings of 8, 16, 32, 66, 125, 250, and 333Hz. The primary purpose is to control how fast the pulser is firing. The repetition rate is tied into the alarm LEDS. Therefore, when scanning at higher speeds, a higher repetition rate will make the alarm trigger more responsive.

  • Page 92: Damping

    11.3 Damping The DFX-7 has an adjustable damping feature, enabling the user to select from a variety of settings according the transducer frequency and overall output. The range of the damping feature is 50-1500 ohms. The available steps are 50, 75, 100, 300, 600 and 1500 ohms.

  • Page 93: Pulser Voltage

    The DFX-7 has a 200 volt square wave pulser that can be adjusted for specific applications and transducers. The Pulser Volt feature offers a 50 volt cut/boost option to the user. The standard setting is 200 volts. This enables the DFX-7 to offer greater penetration for difficult material types, or increased resolution on noisy materials.

  • Page 94: Material Velocity Charts

    Dakota Ultrasonics 11.5 Material Velocity Charts The DFX-7 has two material velocity charts built into the gauge with both longitudinal and shear material velocities. It should be noted that in order to display the chart containing the shear wave velocities the TRIG mode must be activated, as we’ve assumed an angle beam transducer will be used for the inspection process.

  • Page 95: Material Velocity

    11.6 Material Velocity The DFX-7 has a built in feature to manually adjust the material velocity to a know value in the calibration section of the DFX-7. It should be noted that this does not calculate the zero value like the two point calibration option does. Therefore, if the material velocity is changed you should check the calibration.

  • Page 96: Zero

    9) Finally, press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen. 11.7 Zero The DFX-7 has a feature to manually adjust the electronic zero. This feature used in conjunction with manually adjusting the velocity, are the primary features necessary...
  • Page 97 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector to perform a ‘crude’ manual screen calibration. The procedure for adjusting the zero is listed below: Adjusting Zero 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the CAL menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 98: Brightness

    9) Finally, press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen. 11.8 Brightness The DFX-7 is equipped with a brightness feature to adjust the display visibility and optimize battery life. It has an arbitrary scale with a values from 1-20, with 20 representing the brightest setting.

  • Page 99: Color Scheme

    11.9 Color Scheme The DFX-7 has a variety of display color options to select from. These will change the look and feel of the according to the users preference. The procedures for changing the VIEW, are outlined below:...
  • Page 100 Dakota Ultrasonics 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the DISP menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 101: Landscape

    11.10 Landscape The DFX-7 is a very portable and compact gauge with a 2.7” AMOLED display that is used in a portrait mode as standard. In order to maximize the viewable A-Scan area of the display, the orientation of the display can be rotated to a landscape view for either right or left hand use.

  • Page 102: Dim

    However, if the gauge is turned on, set for a DIM of 120sec, and then left idle for 5 minutes, the DFX-7 will dim in 2 minutes, then power off in 5 minutes. The procedures for adjusting the DIM time are outlined below:...

  • Page 103: Graphics Options (Look & Feel)

    11.12 Graphics Options (look & feel) The DFX-7 includes a couple of cosmetic features for user preference when viewing the waveform. These features only serve as cosmetic items, and do not change the functionality of the DFX-7 in any way.
  • Page 104 Dakota Ultrasonics Filled – Draws a filled version of the waveform. The procedure to select the look and feel option is outlined below: Setting the Look & Feel...

  • Page 105: Detect Mark

    11.13 Detect Mark Another look and feel option of the DFX-7 is the DETECT MARK feature. The detect mark give the user the option to select: none, line, dots, or box. Depending on the select made, an indication will be displayed on the waveform, showing where the detection is occurring.

  • Page 106: Filters (Wide & Narrow Bands)

    Dots 11.14 Filters (Wide & Narrow Bands) There are two versions of the DFX-7 series: DFX-7 and DFX-7+. The DFX-7 is a wide band only gauge, which includes a single wide band filter with a range of 1.8MHz to 19MHz. The DFX-7+ includes the same wide band filter, but also includes a few narrow band filter options at 2MHz, 5MHz and 10MHz.

  • Page 107: Gain Step Size

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the TUNE menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.
  • Page 108 Dakota Ultrasonics 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the TUNE menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 109: Detect Modes

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 9) Finally, press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen. 11.16 Detect Modes The DFX-7 has three selectable modes of detection: Z-Cross, Flank, and Peak. The following diagram illustrates the difference between the options: Z-Cross...

  • Page 110: Polarity

    11.17 Polarity The DFX-7 has a number of features and views that offer selectable polarity. The important thing to note is the polarity view is entirely different than the polarity selection of a gate. If a polarity view of +RECT is selected, only the positive portion of the waveform will be shown on the screen.
  • Page 111 Toggle Polarity (+/-) Note: The screenshots above show where all the possible locations for polarity selection are found in the DFX-7. For more information on the above, refer to the sections on VIEW, DAC, GT1, & GT2. 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU...

  • Page 112: Auto Find

    11.18 Auto Find The DFX-7 is equipped with a very handy feature for locating the detection point of a return echo that is not currently in the viewable region of the display. The AUTO FIND feature is a convenient way to automatically bring the detected echo into view on the display.

  • Page 113: Compare

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right, and the ESC key multiple times to tab left, until the UTIL menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 114: Set Date & Time

    Note: Pressing MULTI MODE followed by ENTER again will clear the display. 11.20 Set Date & Time The DFX-7 is equipped with an internal clock to time and date stamp the log, setup and screen capture files for reporting/documentation purposes. The procedures for setting the time and date are outlined below: Setting Date &...
  • Page 115 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the UTIL menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 116: Show Date & Time

    11.21 Show Date & Time The DFX-7 can be configured to show the date & time in the active A-Scan window as needed or preferred (off/date/time/both). The procedure for activating and displaying the above options are outlined below: Live Time &...

  • Page 117: Key Click

    4) Press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen. 11.23 Freeze & Capture The DFX-7 freeze feature enables a user to immediately freeze what’s currently being displayed on the screen for further review or analysis. The freeze feature used...
  • Page 118 .tif (tagged image) file format that can be opened using any graphics viewer. With the storage capacity of the DFX-7 the user can store as many screens shots as needed. It should also be mentioned that this feature is immediately activated on boot up.

  • Page 119: Peak Hold

    4) Press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen. 11.24 Peak Hold The DFX-7 includes a peak hold feature that draws and saves the maximum waveform amplitude on the screen. This allows an inspector to move the transducer in all directions, in an effort to “peak up”...

  • Page 120: Freeze Waveform

    11.25 Freeze Waveform The DFX-7 also includes a FREEZE feature that allows an operator the ability to freeze the current waveform being display on the screen at anytime. Once the operator freezes the waveform, the transducer can be removed from the test material.
  • Page 121 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Note: Assuming the operator currently has a waveform that they’d like to freeze on the display. 1) Press the MULTI MODE key located in the bottom left corner of the keypad to display the mode options.

  • Page 122: Chapter Twelve Data Storage - Setup, Edit, & View Files

    Multiple grids can be created and stored until the DFX-7’s memory is full. If the user attempts to store a new file in the DFX-7 and the size of the file exceeds the capacity of memory, the DFX-7 will respond with an error message indicating that the memory is unable to store the new file.

  • Page 123: Creating A New Grid Or Sequential Log (File)

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Grid File Formats Sequential Log Formats Important Note: For the duration of this chapter, all references to GRIDS and SEQ LOGS should be considered synonymous with references to FILES. 12.2 Creating a new Grid or Sequential Log (File) Important Note: This entire section is a step by step guide to successfully create a grid or sequential log.
  • Page 124 Dakota Ultrasonics Creating a Name Grid/Seq Log Name : Can contain a combination of up to 20 numeric, alpha, or special characters listed in the first section of this chapter. Grid Log Sequential Log 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right, and the ESC key multiple times to tab left, until the DATA menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.
  • Page 125 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Grid Log Sequential Log 4) Press the ENTER key to display the new Grid or Seq Edit Box. 5) Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the new Grid or Seq List Items until NAME is highlighted.
  • Page 126 Dakota Ultrasonics 9) Use the CLR key to backspace if necessary. 10) Repeat steps 6 - 9 until the Grid or Seq Name (File Name) is completed. 11) Press the OK key to save the Grid or Seq Name and return to the Grid or Seq List Items menu, or ESC to cancel entering the Grid or Seq Name (File Name).
  • Page 127 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 3) Use the UP, DOWN, LEFT, & RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the appropriate alpha characters. 4) Press the ENTER key to select a character and advance to the next field of the Grid or Seq Note.
  • Page 128 20 of the same character set. Note: The identifier cannot start or end with a special character. Once a start and end ID are entered into the DFX-7 and the log created, the DFX-7 will automatically generate all the identifiers within that range.
  • Page 129 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Grid Log Sequential Log 3) GRID LOG: Use the LEFT, & RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the Columns, and the UP, DOWN arrow keys to scroll the Rows. SEQ LOG: Use the UP, DOWN, LEFT, & RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the appropriate alpha characters.
  • Page 130 Dakota Ultrasonics Grid Log Sequential Log 1) Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the new Grid or Seq List Items until LOWER RIGHT or END ID is highlighted. 2) Press the ENTER key to activate the Coordinate or End ID Edit Box.
  • Page 131 OK or ESC key to return to the Grid or Seq List Items menu. It may be necessary to free some memory in the DFX-7 at this time. Refer to page 132 for more information on Deleting a File.
  • Page 132 Dakota Ultrasonics Selecting the Auto Increment Direction The Auto Increment feature gives the user the ability to specify which direction to advance the cursor after storing a reading. Grid Log Sequential Log 5) Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the new Grid or Seq List Items until INCR.
  • Page 133 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Saving Graphics The DFX-7 provides the user with the ability to save a snapshot of the display screen and all the current settings of the DFX-7 with every reading, or just save the reading only. Saving the graphics might be advantageous to the user when the A-Scan views will be used to graphically save a picture of the scanned areas for reporting purposes.
  • Page 134 Dakota Ultrasonics Saving a Grid Once all the parameters are set, the user has the option of saving or canceling the new grid. Grid Log Sequential Log 4) Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the new Grid or Seq List Items until CREATE GRID or LOG? is highlighted.

  • Page 135: Storing A Waveform

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Grid Log Sequential Log 6) Press the OK key to save the New Grid or Seq Log, or the ESC key to cancel the New Grid or Seq Log setup and return to the DATA menu.

  • Page 136: Viewing Stored Readings

    Dakota Ultrasonics Grid Log Sequential Log 1) Press the UP, DOWN, LEFT, and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the target cell cursor to the desired storage location. 2) Press the ENTER key to save the current reading in the highlighted cell location.
  • Page 137 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Viewing Stored Waveforms Grid Log Sequential Log 1) Press the MEAS key once to activate measure menu items. Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the LOG cell is highlighted.

  • Page 138: Deleting Grids (Files)

    Dakota Ultrasonics 5) Abort the Grid/Seq Log View Box by pressing the MEAS key at any time. 12.5 Deleting Grids (Files) Deleting One or All Files from Memory Deleting One File 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the DATA menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.
  • Page 139 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 3) Press the ENTER key to display the File List Box. 4) Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the stored Files until the target File to delete is highlighted. 5) Press the OK key to delete the File.
  • Page 140 Dakota Ultrasonics 2) Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until DELETE ALL DATA is highlighted. 3) Press the ENTER key to activate the confirmation screen. 4) Press the OK key to delete All Files from memory, or the ESC key to abort.

  • Page 141: Editing A Grid (File)

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 12.6 Editing a Grid (File) Once a grid has been created and saved to memory, the user can edit the Comments or Increment Direction at a later time. The following procedures outline this process: Editing a Grid 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab.
  • Page 142 Dakota Ultrasonics 5) Press the ENTER key to activate the Alpha Edit box – Only used when editing the NOTE. 6) Use the UP, DOWN, LEFT, & RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the appropriate alpha characters. 7) Press the ENTER key to select a character and advance to the next field of the Comments.

  • Page 143: Changing The Active File - Open

    The user may have transferred grid/seq templates from a PC to the DFX-7, or setup grids/seq using the DFX-7 at an earlier time. The name of the currently active file is always displayed at the top of the Grid/Seq Box in measurement mode (refer to photo below).
  • Page 144 Dakota Ultrasonics Grid Log Sequential Log 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the DATA menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 145: Closing An Active File - Close

    DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 5) Press the ENTER key to activate the confirmation screen. 6) Press the OK key to load the file from memory. 7) Press the MEAS key to return to the measure screen. 12.8 Closing an active File - Close A user might not have a current requirement to store measurements, but a file is currently open or active and needs to be closed.
  • Page 146 Dakota Ultrasonics 2) Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until CLOSE is highlighted. 3) Press the ENTER key to close the active file. Note: Following the key press, the CLOSE text will be grayed out indicating the file has been close...

  • Page 147: Chapter Thirteen Setups - Create, Store, Edit, & Recall

    13.2 Opening a Setup The DFX-7 is loaded with a number of setups from the factory. These setups can be opened, edited, and saved to any one of 64 setup locations. If a factory setup is written over, the user can simply reload the default factory setups at anytime using the utility software included with the DFX-7.
  • Page 148 Dakota Ultrasonics Opening a Setup 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the SETUP menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 149: Saving A Setup

    7) Press the MEAS key to return to the measure screen. 13.3 Saving a Setup Once the DFX-7 parameters and features have be adjusted for an application, the user may elect to save these setting to a specific setup location for future use. This can potentially save time and reduce error between users.
  • Page 150 Dakota Ultrasonics Saving a Setup 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the SETUP menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.
  • Page 151 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 5) When the parameter to edit is highlighted, press the ENTER key to activate the Alpha Edit Box. 6) Use the UP, DOWN, LEFT, and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll through the characters, the ENTER key to select characters, and the CLR key to backspace through the characters, until the Name or Note fields have been edited.

  • Page 152: Deleting A Saved Setup

    Dakota Ultrasonics 11) Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the setups until the target location to save the Setup is highlighted. 12) Press the OK key to activate the confirmation screen. 13) Press the OK key to save the Setup, or ESC to cancel saving the Setup.
  • Page 153 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Deleting a Setup 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the SETUP menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 154: Using The Default Setup

    7) Finally, press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen. 13.5 Using the Default Setup The default setup feature was added to the DFX-7 to use, as a last resort, if there are no setups stored in the gauge –factory or otherwise. The only time this might...
  • Page 155 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Using the Default Setup 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the SETUP menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 156: Selecting Aanguage Laanguagenguaanguagege

    Dakota Ultrasonics 13.6 Selecting a Language The DFX-7 is equipped with a language option. Currently, the only languages supported are English, Spanish, and German. The steps to select one of these languages are outlined as follows: Selecting a Language 1) Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab. Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the SETUP menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items.

  • Page 157: Chapter Fourteen Using The Utility Software

    CHAPTER FOURTEEN USING THE UTILITY SOFTWARE 14.1 Computer System Requirements DakView will run on many different operating systems: Windows XP, Windows 2000 Professional, Windows 2000 Server, Windows 2000, Vista, Windows 7, 8, 10, or advanced Server operating systems running on Intel or AMD hardware. Additionally there is a version for the Mac OSX platform.

  • Page 158: Communicating With The Dfx-7

    DFX-7 series gauges. 14.4 Upgrading the DFX-7 The DFX-7 can be upgraded to the latest revision of firmware at any time. Simply download the latest version posted on the Dakota Ultrasonics website, copy the upgrade file to the main drive directory DFX-7, and use the upgrade utility located in the XFER menu.
  • Page 159 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector 2) Press the ENTER key to display the upgrade confirmation screen, followed by pressing OK key to start the upgrade process. Note: The DFX-7 will power down during the upgrade process and restart when completed.

  • Page 160: Appendix A - Velocity Table

    APPENDIX A - VELOCITY TABLE Material L-Wave L-Wave S-Wave S-Wave velocity velocity Velocity Velocity in/µs in/µs in/µs Aluminum 0.2510 6375 .1240 3130 Beryllium 0.5080 12903 .3500 8880 Brass 0.1730 4394 .0830 2120 Bronze 0.1390 3531 .0880 2235 Cadmium 0.1090 2769 .0590 1500 Columbium...
  • Page 161 DFX-7 Ultrasonic Flaw Detector Steel 0.2230 5664 .1230 3120 Stainless" Teflon 0.0540 1372 .2500 6350 0.1310 3327 .0660 1670 Titanium 0.2400 6096 .1230 3120 Tungsten 0.2040 5182 .1130 2870 Uranium 0.1330 3378 .0780 1980 Water 0.0580 1473 Zinc 0.1660 4216 .0950...

  • Page 162: Appendix B - Setup Library

    APPENDIX B - SETUP LIBRARY Name Comment 1 Gn/AGC Velocity Enter Custom Name … … … … … … …...
  • Page 163 Additionally, Dakota Ultrasonics warrants transducers and accessories against such defects for a period of 90 days from receipt by the end user. If Dakota Ultrasonics receives notice of such defects during the warranty period, Dakota Ultrasonics will either, at its option, repair or replace products that prove to be defective.

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