Page 1 User's Manual ICP Controllers of the GDT RS and RN Series 32-Bit / 64-Bit PCI Ultra2 SCSI and Ultra 160 SCSI RAID Controllers Edition © Copyright 1998-2000 ICP vortex Computersysteme GmbH Konrad-Zuse-Str. 9 74172 Neckarsulm - Germany ICP vortex Corporation 4001 E.
Page 3 Chapter F Using Windows NT/2000 Chapter G Using LINUX Chapter H Using SCO UNIX Chapter I Using UnixWare Part III Part III Part III Part III Chapter J The ICP RAID Console Chapter K The ICP RAID Navigator Chapter L Appendix...
Page 4 In no event will ICP vortex be liable to the purchaser, or to any user of the ICP vortex product, for any data loss, data corruption, damages, expenses, lost reve-...
Page 5 For Europe: +49-(0)7132-9620-900 For the USA: 602-414-0414 or send us a FAX: For Europe: +49-(0)7132-9620-400 For the USA: 602-414-0444 or send us an E-Mail: For Europe: support@vortex.de For the USA: support@icp-vortex.com or check our Website: http://www.icp-vortex.com...
Page 6: Important Note
Important Note Using modern RAID Systems significantly increases data security and availability. Under no circumstances does it relieve you from a careful and daily backup on tape or a similar backup media. This is the only method to protect your valuable data against total loss (e.g., through fire or theft), accidental deletion, or any other destroying impacts.
Page 7 If necessary, consult the dealer or an experienced radio/T.V. technician for additional suggestions. The use of a non-shielded interface cable with the referenced device is prohibited. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by ICP vortex Computersysteme GmbH could void the authority to operate the equipment.
Page 8: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents A. Introduction..............................16 A.1 Product Identification ..........................16 A.1.1 Key Features of the ICP Controllers of the GDT RS and RN Series............17 A.2 Copyrights, Patents ..........................19 A.3 Software License Agreement........................20 A.4 General Information..........................21 A.4.1 Unpacking the ICP Controller......................21 A.4.2 Delivery Contents..........................21 A.4.3 Contents of the ICP CDROM.......................21...
Page 9 C. Quick-Setup ..............................54 C.1 What is the Aim of Quick-Setup ?......................54 C.2 What is the ICP Controller Firmware ? ......................54 C.2.1 The Different RAID Levels........................56 C.2.2 Levels of Hierarchy Within the ICP Firmware ..................59 C.2.3 Using CD-ROMs, DATs, Tapes, etc......................60 C.3 Example 1 - Installing a Single SCSI Hard Disk..................60...
Page 10 F.2.1 Preparing the Installation .........................90 F.2.2 The Installation..........................92 F.2.2.1 The ICP Controller is the first Controller in the System ...............92 F.2.2.2 The ICP Controller is the Secondary Controller in the System..............92 F.2.3 Using the Hot Plug Function with RAID Host Drives ................93 F.2.4 Installation of a new GDTX.SYS Driver Version..................93...
Page 11 I. Using UnixWare............................112 I.1 Transparency of Host Drives ........................112 I.2 General Installation Notes ........................112 I.3 ICP Controller as Boot Controller......................112 I.4 ICP Controller as an additional Controller ....................113 I.5 Coordinates of SCSI devices ........................113 I.6 Further Information..........................114 J. The Program ICPCON ...........................116 J.1 Loading ICPCON ...........................116...
Page 12 J.4.7.5 Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Host Drives, Merge Host Drives..........146 J.4.7.6 Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Host Drives, Partition Host Drives ..........146 J.4.7.7 Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Host Drives, Overwrite Master Boot Code........146 J.4.7.8 Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Host Drives, Drive Type (Cluster)..........146 K. ICP RAID Navigator .............................148...
Page 13 K.1 Introduction ............................148 K.2 The ICP RAID Navigator "Controls"......................149 K.2.1 The Toolbar...........................149 K.2.2 The Status Bar..........................149 K.2.3 "Window" Menu Commands ......................149 K.2.4 "Help" Menu Commands ........................150 K.2.5 "File" Menu Commands........................150 K.2.6 "View" Menu Commands ........................150 K.2.7 The "Chart" Menu ..........................151 K.2.8 The "Configuration"...
Page 14 L.1 Technical Data of the ICP Controller......................184 L.2 Boot Error Messages ..........................184 L.3 Index ..............................185...
Page 15 Chapter A General General General General Information Information Information Information...
Page 16: Introduction
Wide/Ultra2 SCSI models of the RN Series feature an additional Wide/Ultra SCSI channel for legacy SCSI devices. GDT RS Series, 32-Bit PCI Bus (Controllers can be operated in a 32-Bit and 64-Bit PCI Bus) ICP Controller Number of Wide/Ultra2 SCSI channels...
Page 17: Key Features Of The Icp Controllers Of The Gdt Rs And Rn Series
160 MB/s 0/1/4/5/10 A.1.1 Key Features of the ICP Controllers of the GDT RS and RN Series 64 Bit Hardware RAID Controllers with RAID 0/1, or RAID 0/1/4/5/10 Array Drives at con- troller level, completely independent of the computer system and the operating system.
Page 18 ICP RAID Navigator. GUI-style configuration and monitoring utility for Windows 95/98/NT/2000. ICPCON. Character oriented program for Windows 95/98/NT, NetWare, Linux, SCO UNIX, UnixWare. Both tools allow the configuration and monitoring of ICP Controllers with their array drives. Remote operation. Intelligent messaging.
Page 19: Copyrights, Patents
Arizona Phone: 602-414-0414 Fax: 602-414-0444 E-Mail: support@icp- vortex.com WWW: http://www.icp-vortex.com ICP vortex is member of the RAID Advisory Board, the PCI Special Interest Group (PCI SIG) and founding member of the I O Special Interest Group (I O SIG):...
Page 20: Software License Agreement
6. ICP vortex makes no warranties, express or implied, including without limitation the implied warranties of merchantability, functionality and fitness for a particular pur- pose. In particular, ICP vortex is not liable to you for any consequential, incidental or indirect damage arising out of the use of this product.
Page 21: General Information
This User's Manual. A.4.3 Contents of the ICP CDROM A list of the files and programs delivered with the ICP Controller can be found in the file README.TXT on the enclosed CDROM. The contents of this file can be viewed on screen or output on your printer.
Page 22: Product Description
The i960RS/RN I/O processors are members of a new RISC CPU generation which was spe- cifically designed for I/O applications. This pure 64 Bit CPU on an ICP Controller can reach a performance of +100 MIPS and supervises all tasks of the SCSI devices, the RAID control- ling and the communication with the PCI computer.
Page 23: Configuration And Monitoring Utilities "Icp Raid Console" And "Icp Raid Navigator" Program Icpcon
BIOS. It also ensures that operating systems using the INT13 (i.e. MS-DOS, OS/2) can be booted directly from a SCSI device / RAID Array Drive connected to the ICP Controller. Ac- cording to the various product expansion levels of the RS/RN Series, two different firmware levels are available.
Page 24 ICP Firm w are / ICP BIO S / ICP Tools ICP Firm w are / IC P BIO S and rom -residente ICP RAID Console (<CTRL>-<G>) character-oriented G rap hical User Interface M S-DO S / D R-DO S...
Page 25: Operating System Driver Software
ASPI interface. UNIX/LINUX, Win.NT: Supported by the operating system. A.5.9 ICP Controller Board Layout The ICP Controller PCB (Printed Circuit Board) has several jumpers. In the following illus- trations, all jumpers are shown in their factory setting. Under normal circumstances there is...
Page 26 GDT7118RN, GDT7518RN and GDT7618RN Overall View Terminator DBPM Channel A...
Page 27 GDT7128RN, GDT7528RN and GDT7628RN Overall View Terminator DBPM Channel A Channel B...
Page 28 GDT7538RN and GDT7638RN Overall View Terminator DBPM Channel A (low er) Channel B Channel C (upper)
Page 29 GDT6118RS and GDT6518RS Overall View...
Page 30 GDT6128RS and GDT6528RS Overall View Channel A Channel B...
Page 31 GDT6538RS Overall View Channel A Channel B...
Page 32 GDT7123RN, GDT7523RN and GDT7623RN Overall View LVDB LVDA Channel A Channel B...
Page 33 GDT7543RN and GDT7643RN Overall View Channel A Channel B...
Page 34 GDT7563RN and GDT7663RN Overall View Channel B Channel A...
Page 35 Chapter B Hardware Hardware Hardware Hardware Installation Installation Installation Installation...
Page 36: Hardware Installation
DIMMs. If the ICP Controller is not yet equipped with cache RAM, or if another PC100 DIMM is to be installed, we recommend adding it before you install the ICP Controller in your computer system.
Page 37: Scsi - Basics
Single Ended devices could and were not allowed to be used. The Wide/Ultra2 SCSI and Ultra 160 SCSI ICP Controllers are able to work with one and the same connector in SE-Mode as well as in differential mode without the need for additional hardware.
Page 38: Scsi Cables
ICP Controllers are operated in a successful, long-lasting and trouble-free manner. In many cases, this information is not only applicable to ICP Controllers, but in general to all those SCSI systems which, like the ICP Controllers, use Wide/Ultra2 or Ultra 160 tech- nology.
Page 39 Fast-20 (Ultra) or Fast-40/80 (Ultra2 or Ultra 160) devices, you should explicitly ask your dealer if these cables are appropriate for the desired mode. (Note: The ICP product range also includes some high quality SCSI accessories. Please see section B.4.4 of this...
Page 40 Example for a SCSI Flat Ribbon Cable for 8 Bit SCSI Devices (narrow)
Page 41 Example for a SCSI Flat Ribbon Cable for 16 Bit SCSI Devices (wide)
Page 42 Example for a Wide/Ultra2 and Ultra 160 Flat Ribbon Cable (1.5 Meters) Examples for Wide/Ultra2 and Ultra 160 Round Cables (1 Meters and 3 Meters)
Page 43: Scsi Termination
The onboard termination of the ICP Controller can be changed within the ICP RAID Console or the ICP RAID Navigator. The default setting is "Auto". In this mode the ICP Controller analyses which connectors are occupied and adjusts its termination accordingly. In "Off"...
Page 44: Icp Scsi Accessories
ICP RAID Console or ICP RAID Navigator programs allow you to easily set the SCSI ID of an ICP SCSI channel. It is recommended to leave the default ID value at 7 (allowed values 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7). Some operating systems require that the SCSI ID of certain SCSI device (e.g., tape streamer, CD-ROM) is set to a particular value (for more in-...
Page 45 For LVDS operation. LVDS/SE LVD busses with 68 pin VHD SCSI connec- Terminator tor (male). Thumb-Screws. 8954 SCSI Wonder External SCSI Bus Expander. For all ICP Controllers, expecially in Clustering systems SE/LVD Terminator for 68 pin SE or LVDS cables.
Page 46: Examples
On the following pages, are some examples of correct SCSI cabling. First of all a few general tips: All ICP Controllers have a yellow LED for each Wide/Ultra2 and Ultra 160 SCSI channel. This LED indicates the current SCSI-Mode of the corresponding channel. If the LED is lit, the Wide/Ultra2 and Ultra 160 SCSI channel is operating in LVDS-Mode.
Page 47 Several internal Wide/Ultra2 and Ultra 160 SCSI Hard Disks...
Page 48 PCI computer manual. It is essential that the ICP Controller is plugged into a bus-master slot (it will NOT work in a slave or non-bus- master slot). Some motherboards have only 1 bus-master slot. Make sure that the selected slot has a sufficiently cooling airflow.
Page 49: Icp Controller Function Check
Do not close the computer case yet. B.6 ICP Controller Function Check Before we put the ICP Controller into operation for the first time, we would like to spend a few words on the PCI 2.x compatibility requirements a PCI computer system (especially the motherboard and the motherboard's BIOS) should meet.
Page 50 PCI bus system computers. The slot number indicated in the message above does not refer to the 3rd PCI slot, but indicates that the ICP Controller is plugged into a slot which is the third one the PCI chipset of the PCI computer can access. To determine which physical PCI slot this corresponds to, consult the system manual of your PCI computer.
Page 51: Trouble Shooting
GDT7518RN -- HWL0 -- 32 MB SDRAM / ECC - 2048kB Flash-RAM GDT7518RN -- HWL0 stands for the type of ICP Controller found by the GDT BIOS. HWL means Hardware level. 32 MB SDRAM /ECC indicates that the installed DIMM is a 32MB ECC SDRAM module.
Page 53 Chapter C Quick-Setup Quick-Setup Quick-Setup Quick-Setup...
Page 54: Quick-Setup
3, we will try to answer the three questions above. C.2 What is the ICP Controller Firmware ? We refer to firmware as the operating system which controls the ICP Controller with all its functions and capabilities. The firmware exclusively runs on the ICP Controller and is stored in the Flash-RAM on the ICP Controller PCB.
Page 55 Note: RN Series ICP Controller with RAIDYNE® can be upgraded with the Cluster Module to the corresponding GDT76x8RN or GDT76x3RN controllers. Unlike pure software solutions, e.g., Windows NT, the ICP Controllers a pure hardware RAID solutions. All ICP Controllers are equipped with a hardware which is particularly well suited for disk arrays.
Page 56: The Different Raid Levels
C.2.1 The Different RAID Levels RAID 0 - Data Striping According to the adjusted stripe size (e.g., 128 KB) and the number of hard disks, the data blocks are split into stripes. Each stripe is stored on a separate hard disk. Especially with sequential read and write operations, we can observe a significant improvement of the data throughput.
Page 57 RAID 4 - Data Striping With a Dedicated Parity Drive RAID 4 works in the same way as RAID 0. The data are striped amongst the hard disks. Addi- tionally, the controller calculates redundancy data (parity information) which are stored on a separate hard disk (P1, P2, ...).
Page 58 RAID 10 - Combination of RAID 1 and RAID 0 The idea behind RAID 10 is simply based on the combination of RAID 0 (Performance) and RAID 1 (Data Security). Unlike RAID 4 and RAID 5, there is no need to calculate parity in- formation.
Page 59: Levels Of Hierarchy Within The Icp Firmware
C.2.2 Levels of Hierarchy Within the ICP Firmware The ICP firmware is based on four fundamental levels of hierarchy. Each level has its "own drives" ( = components). The basic rule is: To build up a “drive“ on a given level of hierarchy, the “drives“ of the next lower level of hierarchy are used as components.
Page 60: Using Cd-Roms, Dats, Tapes, Etc
C.3 Example 1 - Installing a Single SCSI Hard Disk Press the <CTRL><G> key combination when the ICP BIOS message comes up (shortly after switching on the computer) and load ICPCON from the Flash-RAM of the ICP Controller. In this case no operating system is required.
Page 61 Select the menu option Configure Host Drives with ENTER. The list of available Host Drives contains already an entry. There is a RAID 5 Host Drive. After selecting Create new Host Drive ICPCON displays a list of “free” hard disks. These are all the drives which do not belong to a Logical or Hosr Drive and can be used for new Host Drives.
Page 62: Example 2 - Installing A Mirroring Array - Raid 1
C.4 Example 2 - Installing a Mirroring Array - RAID 1 Press the <CTRL><G> key combination when the ICP BIOS message comes up (shortly after switching on the computer) and load ICPCON from the Flash-RAM of the ICP Controller. In this case no operating system is required.
Page 63: Example 3 - Installing A Raid 5 Disk Array
Upon successful completion of this process the status of this RAID 1 Disk Array changes into ready, i.e., the data is fully redundant. The functioning of a RAID-1, or mirroring, disk array, is easy to understand: On the ICP Con- troller, one write-access from the host computer is transformed into two write-accesses (to both Logical Drives forming the mirroring array).
Page 64 Select the menu option Configure Host Drives with ENTER. The list of available Host Drives contains already an entry. There is a RAID 5 Host Drive. After selecting Create new Host Drive ICPCON displays a list of “free” hard disks. These are all the drives which do not belong to a Logical or Host Drive and can be used for new Host Drives.
Page 65: Trying To Answer The Initial Questions
8000 MB. Any new 9 GB drive must have at least this capacity. Press ENTER The new Host Drive is created. It’s status is still build, since the ICP Controller creates the parity information on all drives.
Page 66: Which Level Of Redundancy Is Needed
TWR (because you have to get a replacement drive, or because you did not realize the fail- ure immediately since you didn't hear the ICP Controller's alarm signal, or because nobody checked the file server) increases the risk of data loss which will occur if a second drive should fail.
Page 67: States Of A Raidyne® Disk Array
C.7 States of a RAIDYNE® Disk Array An Array Drive under the RAIDYNE® operating system can assume seven different opera- tional modes: Idle, Ready, Fail, Build, Rebuild, Expand and Error. C.7.1 "Idle" State This state is characterized by the fact that the redundant information of the disk array has never been entirely created.
Page 68 (*) Replacement either manually, or through hot fix method.
Page 69: Methods For The Replacement Of A Disk Drive
C.8 Methods for the Replacement of a Disk Drive The ICP Controller and the ICP Firmware offer a variety of possibilities to replace a defective disk drive. If and when to use them depends on the physical environment of your server.
Page 71 Chapter D Using MS-DOS Using MS-DOS Using MS-DOS Using MS-DOS...
Page 72: Using Microsoft Ms-Dos
CDROM drive (standing for any other Not Direct Access Device) under MS-DOS. In addition, we will give you further information on how to in- stall Windows 95 and Windows 98. The required ICP disks for DOS and Windows 95/98 can be created from the ICP System CDROM.
Page 73: Expanded Memory Managers
System BIOS will always map these two spaces to the same addresses. To help you find out where these addresses have been mapped to, the ICP BIOS indicates the physical address locations of the ICP BIOS and the ICP DPMEM during the cold boot (also see chapter B in this manual):...
Page 74: Using A Cdrom Drive Under Ms-Dos
ASW software. Regardless of which soft- ware you choose to use, the ASPI manager of the ICP Controller (located on the GDT System Disk - DOS) has to be loaded from the CONFIG.SYS file. The objective of both installations...
Page 75: Example: Using The Asw Software For The Cdrom
CONFIG.SYS file. Loading the SETVER driver (part of MS-DOS) allows older versions of Microsoft's CDROM translation program MSCDEX (loaded from AUTOEXEC.BAT) to run trouble-free with the MS-DOS version currently installed. The next line loads the ICP ASPI Manager GDTASPI.EXE. Next, the ASPICD module for the CDROM drive is loaded. The pa- rameter "/D:CDROM"...
Page 76: The Icp Aspi Manager Gdtaspi.exe
ICP program ASPISCAN.EXE. In order to exclude that a Direct Access Device is run directly from the ICP Controller, it has to be reserved for the ASPI interface control. To do so, certain parameters have to be specified when the ICP ASPI manager is loaded: DEVICE=GDTASPI.EXE /R:Hx1Iy1[:Hx2Iy2:Hx3Iy3 ...]...
Page 77: Using Asw Aspidisk.sys
Example: We assume that there is only one ICP Controller in the system. Two direct access devices, the removable hard disk connected to channel A, ID 2, and the hard disk connected to channel B, ID 4, have to be reserved for the ASPI manager. The corresponding entry in the CONFIG.SYS is:...
Page 78: Installing Windows 95
You also need a CDROM that is fully accessible under MS-DOS. 1. Transfer the WIN95 files from the ICP System CDROM to a 3.5” floppy disk. The files are located in the directory, (your CDROM drive letter):\DRIVERS\WIN95. You will need this disk later in the Windows 95 Setup.
Page 79: The Icp Controller Is The Secondary Controller
11. Press Esc two times to exit the ICPCON program. D.7.2 The ICP Controller is the secondary controller 1. Transfer the WIN95 files from the ICP System CD to a 3.5” floppy disk. The files are lo- cated in the directory, (your CDROM drive letter):\DRIVERS\WIN95. You will need this disk later in the Windows 95 Setup.
Page 80: Installing Windows 98
With this modified boot disk, a partition can be installed on the desired host drive (e.g., a single hard disk or a RAID array) of the ICP Controller. All data from the Win98 directory of the Windows 98 CD has to be transferred to a corresponding directory on the host drive by using the command "xcopy".
Page 81 Chapter E Using NetWare Using NetWare Using NetWare Using NetWare...
Page 82: Using Novell Netware
E. Using Novell NetWare After having explained in chapters B and C the installation of the ICP Controller and the Host Drives, we would now like to give you some hints and pieces of advice on how to in- stall Novell's operating system Novell NetWare. We shall mainly focus on NetWare 3.x, NetWare 4.x and NetWare 5.
Page 83: Novell Netware 4.X/5.X - Using "Ham" Driver
NetWare installation program asks you which hard disk driver you want to load, show- ing a list of available drivers. As the ICP driver is not part of this list yet, you have to boot it from the floppy disk: insert the ICP Novell NetWare disk into the floppy drive. Now, select the drivers GDTRP400, ASPITRAN and CTRLTRAN.
Page 84 Press <RETURN> to get a list of all available drivers. Press <INSERT> to select additional drivers. Insert a prepared floppy disk with the ICP HAM driver (and DDI file) into the floppy drive and press <RETURN>. After reading the floppy disk information a new list appears.
Page 85: Tips And Tricks
RAM on the controller and the hard disks. The ICP Controllers can easily cope with up to 500 simul- taneous requests. The following command line enables the adjustment of a new number...
Page 86: Installing Netware 4.1 - Wrong Drive Name
Therefore, care should be taken not to go below 0.8 seconds. E.5.5 ICP Controller and Non-ASPI Compatible Controllers If an ICP Controller is operated under NetWare together with a further controller / host adapter which does not support the ASPI standard, SCSI Raw Devices cannot be operated on both controllers (tapes, CDROMs).
Page 87: Last Status Information
E.5.6 Last Status Information All ICP Controllers temporarily store the status information from all hard disks which are connected. This information can be very useful when searching for possible causes of disk failures or interferences. The last status information consists of a hexadecimal, 8 digit number and can be displayed via the ICPCON or can be saved in a SAVE INFORMATION ASCII file.
Page 89 Chapter F Using Windows NT Using Windows NT Using Windows NT Using Windows NT or or or or Windows 2000 Windows 2000 Windows 2000 Windows 2000...
Page 90: Using Microsoft Windows Nt Or Windows 2000
Windows NT this anomaly can cause the contents of the ICP cache RAM to be deleted before the data can be written to the disk(s). If this happens, the installation cannot be completed correctly. Such a warm boot automatically takes place after a FAT partition is converted into an NTFS partition at the end of the Windows NT in- stallation procedure.
Page 91 In order to avoid this problem and prevent the risk of data corruption, the Delayed Write function of the ICP cache must be disabled during the complete installation. To do so, use the ICPCON program, choose Advanced Setup, Configure Controller, Controller Settings and switch the Delayed Write function OFF.
Page 92: The Installation
F.2.2.2 The ICP Controller is the Secondary Controller in the System If you wish to use the ICP Controller as a secondary controller in your Windows NT system (e.g. Windows NT is installed on an IDE hard disk), follow the instructions a.) to h.) below: a) Double click the My Computer icon.
Page 93: Using The Hot Plug Function With Raid Host Drives
Windows NT. F.2.3 Using the Hot Plug Function with RAID Host Drives In order to be able to use the Hot Plug function under Windows NT, you my either use ICP RAID Console or ICP RAID Navigator.
Page 94: Adding Additional Capacity After An Online Capacity Expansion
(This string causes the SCSI device connected with ICP Controller 0, SCSI channel 0, SCSI ID 4, LUN 0 to be reserved as a Raw Device. ICP Controller 0 is the ICP Controller which is detected and configured first after switching on your computer system).
Page 95: The Icp Controller Is The First Controller In The System
Windows 2000 driver disk (you can copy file by file or write an image). If you copy file by file do not use the Explorer, because it may not copy all files from the ICP System CDROM. Note: You cannot use the ICP Windows NT driver disk for installing Windows 2000.
Page 97 Chapter G Using LINUX Using LINUX Using LINUX Using LINUX...
Page 98: Using Linux
LINUX distribution package. We have tested LINUX from: Caldera, Debian, DLD, LST, Red- Hat and S.u.S.E. . If you require an ICP Linux disk, this can be created from the ICP System CDROM.
Page 99: Icpcon - Configuration And Monitoring Tool
Carry out the patch, e.g. for Linux 2.0.36: cd /usr/src/linux zcat gdtp2036.gz | patch -p1 2>log_file Thereafter check the file log_file for possible errors c) Configure the Kernel / Enter the ICP Controller with: cd /usr/src/linux make config d) Check dependencies / Compile Kernel: see LINUX manual (e.g.
Page 100: Gdth Driver Parameters
SCSI device. This reservation is important for re- movable hard disks. If they are controlled by the ICP Controller and are a Host Drive, a me- dia change is very difficult. 'Non Direct Access Devices' like CD-ROMs, Streamers, DATs, etc.
Page 101: Notes
SCSI channels / IDs rescan:N scan only those SCSI devices found during system power up [*1] [*1] The driver parameters reserve_mode and rescan:N require ICP Controllers with firm- ware version FW 1.23.00/2.23.00 or higher. The current default settings of the driver are: "gdth=disable:N,reserve_mode:1,reverse_scan:N,max_ids:127,rescan:N"...
Page 103 Chapter H Using SCO UNIX Using SCO UNIX Using SCO UNIX Using SCO UNIX...
Page 104: Using Sco Unix V/386
For the ICP Controller this drive is the first Host Drive in the list of ICP Host Drives, i. e., the Host Drive number 0 (see ICPCON menu Configure Host-Drives). During the installation you will have to decide whether you want the ICP Controller to make the boot drive available, or whether you want to operate the ICP Controller as an additional controller in the computer system.
Page 105: Instructions On Mkdev (Adm) For 3.2V4.X
Administrator's Reference, Hardware Dependence, floppy devices). When requested, enter the IRQ which has been assigned to the PCI INT of the ICP Controller (see chapter B, Hardware Installation). In addition, the ICP BIOS must not be disabled and the boot drive must be connected with the ICP Controller having the lowest PCI slot number.
Page 106 SCSI channel used by the ICP Controller. These devices can only be configured with SCSI-IDs 2 to 6. SCSI-ID 0 and 1 are reserved for hard disks, SCSI-ID 7 for the ICP Controller. If "Not Direct Access Devices" are configured on SCSI-ID 0 or 1, they are not recognized during the scanning process and can therefore not be used.
Page 107 Therefore, the ICP UNIX driver has to make the appropriate transformations. Configuration Example: In the PCI computer are two ICP Controllers (HA 0 = 1st ICP, HA 1 = 2nd ICP), each with two SCSI channels. 1 hard disk as Host Drive no.
Page 108: Instructions On Mkdev (Adm) For 3.2V5.X (Open Server)
ICP Controller. Host Drives are assigned in increasing order to the free coordinates (bus number and target ID;LUN is always 0). Configuration Example: In the PCI computer are two ICP Controllers (HA 0 = 1st ICP, HA 1 = 2nd ICP), each with two SCSI channels. 1 hard disk as Host Drive no.
Page 109: Further Information
The tool GDTSYNC in the directory '/etc' carries out a UNIX SYNC command (update super block) and causes all buffers still present in ICP's cache to be written to the Logical Drives. It is advisable to use this tool before shutting down the system.
Page 111 Chapter I Using UnixWare Using UnixWare Using UnixWare Using UnixWare...
Page 112: Using Unixware
For the ICP Controller, this drive is the first Host Drive in the list of ICP Host Drives, i. e. the Host Drive with number 0 (see ICPCON menu Configure Host-Drives). During the installation you will have to decide whether you want the ICP Con- troller to make the boot drive available, or whether you want to operate the ICP Controller as an additional controller in the computer system.
Page 113: Icp Controller As An Additional Controller
ICP Controller. Host Drives are assigned in increasing order to the free coordinates (bus number and target ID;LUN is always 0). Configuration Example: In the PCI computer are two ICP Controllers (HA 0 = 1st ICP, HA 1 = 2nd ICP), each with two SCSI channels. 1 hard disk as Host Drive no.
Page 114: Further Information
Before you can use them you have to create a special device file named /dev/rgdth by means of "link"; this device file has to be placed on a device of an ICP Host Drive. With ‘gdtsync’ from the /etc directory, you can determine the coordinates of an ICP Host Drive.
Page 115 Chapter J ICP RAID Console ICP RAID Console ICP RAID Console ICP RAID Console ICPCON ICPCON ICPCON ICPCON...
Page 116: The Program Icpcon
J.1 Loading ICPCON As mentioned before, the ICPCON program is available for various operating systems. It can be used either locally or remotely. This means that all ICP Controllers in a network can be monitored and serviced from one (or several) workstation(s).
Page 117: Loading The Icpcon Program Under Solaris 7
Solaris 7, enter: ICPCON ENTER J.1.3 Loading the ICPCON Program Under Windows NT / 2000 The ICPCON program for Windows NT / 2000 is part of the ICP System CDROM. To load the program under Windows NT / 2000, enter: ICPCON ENTER For using ICPCON to monitor the server(s) remote, the MON4SOCK.DLL has to be loaded...
Page 118: Loading Icpcon Under Linux
In previous chapters we have already described the hierarchical struc- ture of the ICP firmware. We have defined 4 different levels of hierarchy: Level 1 where the physical devices named Physical Devices are found, level 2 containing the Logical Drives (made up of one or several Physical Drives), level 3 where we have the Array Drives, and fi- nally, level 4 where the Host Drives are.
Page 119: Select Interface
In this example „Win. 9x/NT/2k“ means that this ICPCON is the Windows version and is loaded on a Windows system. If you press ENTER, ICPCON scans this local system for ICP Controllers. Instead of „Win. 9x/NT/2k“ you could also find here „Linux“, „NetWare“, etc.
Page 120: Select Controller
SPX/IPX protocol). After that you may enter your user name and password. J.2.2 Select Controller After this login procedure ICPCON delivers a list of ICP RAID Controllers which are installed in this server (in this example one GDT7563RN). This list contains information on the con- troller name, the PCI Bus system (0=primary, 1=secondary, etc.) and separated with a slash...
Page 121: The Menu Monitor
(for this example the Physical Drives, i.e., level 1). In addition to the performance report on the Drives, you are given additional information on each device. The ICP I/O channel the hard disk is connected to, which ID the hard disk has, the name of the hard disk, the gross...
Page 122: Menu Monitor: View Events
Off). The figures for „Cache Hits“ show the how often requests can be serviced out of the cache, i.e., without triggering an immediate Disk IO. By setting the „Sample Rate”, you can choose the interval at which the ICP Controller deliv- ers new measurements. According to the operating system used, the sampling rate can be set to a maximum of 60 seconds.
Page 123: Menu Monitor: Save Information
(3) The Grown Defects counter shows the number of media defects which have occurred since the first time the device was operated with an ICP Controller. A specific hard disk is in a good condition when it has 0 grown defects. When this counter increases, there is defi- nitely something wrong with the device.
Page 124: The Menu Express/Advanced Setup
At the end of this protocol is a chronological listing of boot messages and other events stored in the Flash-RAM of the ICP Controller. If the buffer is full, the oldest events are de- leted first. In the menu „Configure Controller“ the logging buffer can be cleared with „Clear Log Buffer“.
Page 125 After selecting Configure Host Drives, ICPCON displays a list of already existing Host Drives. With a new system this list will show no entries. In this example there is already one Host Drive available. It’s name is ”RAID 5“ and it is an RAID 5 Array Drive (with approx. 17GB capacity).
Page 126 Pressing F4 delivers level by level detailed information on a Host Drive and its components. This may assist to get an easy overview of a specific Host Drive. After pressing F5 the ICP Controller switches the LEDs (if available) of the hard disks belonging to that Host Drive on and off.
Page 127 All SCSI parameters are adjusted to optimum values. After leaving ICPCON or after pressing F10 (for refresh) the ICP Controller starts the build process on this Host Drive. In our example it calculates the parity information and writes it to the hard disks.
Page 128: Menu Express Setup: Repair Array Drives
ICPCON from a floppy disk or use the ICPCON from the Flash-RAM of the ICP Controller. To change the position of a Host Drive in the Host Drive list, highlight the Host Drive and confirm with ENTER. Then, type on the new position and press ENTER.
Page 129 In this example there is one Array Drive in the FAIL state. I.e., the Array Drive is still operating but longer redundant. After pressing any key, ICPCON displays a list of Array Drives which are candidates for this online automatic repair. Note: Array Drives which have the „ERROR“...
Page 130: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Controller
The „ERROR“ state of an Array Drive is very critical. There are several procedures in the ICP Controller’s firmware to handle such cases an bring back the Array Drive in operation with- out loosing data. The most suitable procedure for the specific case, should be elaborated with your system administrator or our technical support.
Page 131: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Controller, Firmware Update
ICP Controller. The major objective of SAF-TE or SES is to provide the Auto Hot Plug. In contrast to the Hot Plug, a defective drive is simply pulled out the subsystem and the replacement unit is plugged in again.
Page 132 In this example one subsystem is already defined. Naturally, the hard disks with their disk shuttles could be also directly mounted in the server enclosure. The term “Enclosure” in these cases is more a definition set, which includes all hard disks which should be auto hot pluggable.
Page 133: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Controller, Advanced Settings
The ICP Controller records certain events in a logging buffer which is part of the Flash-RAM. If it is planned to use the ICP Controller in a completely new system, it is sensible to clear all events in this buffer. The Clear Log Buffer function detects possible entries and deletes them.
Page 134 This helps to physically identify a specific drive in an array of many drives. If you press F8 you can repair the configuration data of a physical drive. If your ICP Con- troller should ever display during his boot sequence a message like “Detected Primary Con- figuration Data error, using Secondary“...
Page 135: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Phys. Devs., Scsi Parameter /Initialize
"Enabled" or "On". If the hard disk you have selected is an Ultra 160 device and the ICP Controller has Ultra 160 SCSI channels, F4 “Advanced Configuration“, allows you to configure the so-called “Domain Validation“ (a cyclical check of the correct data transfer at a given rate).
Page 136: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Phys. Devs., Format Disk
J.4.4.3 Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Phys. Devs., Check Surface This option destroys all data on the hard disk. This option allows the checking of the surfaces of the hard disk media. The ICP Controller writes and reads certain data patterns and checks them for correctness.
Page 137: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Phys. Devs., Lock/Unlock Disk
J.4.4.6 Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Phys. Devs., Lock/Unlock Disk This option is only high-lighted when you have selected a removable hard disk (e.g., Sy- quest, Iomega). Before you can initialize a cartridge you have to lock it. Before removing it you have to unlock it.
Page 138 Disk Array Controller SCSI Channel Temperature Hot Plug Control Door Power Lock Supply Power Supply Status LEDs...
Page 139: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Logical Drives
J.4.5 Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Logical Drives Logical Drives (hierarchy level 2) are installed in this main menu option. Selecting Configure Logical Drives leads you to the screen shown next. The F4 key gives you a list of all the hard disks this Logical Drive consists of. If it is a Logical Drive of the type Disk, it only consists of one single hard disk.
Page 140: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Array Drives
RAID 10 RAID 0 combined with RAID 1 The ICP Controller can manage up to 35 Array Drives (with different RAID levels) simultane- ously. Obviously, the physically existing number of hard disks will limit the number of par- allel used Arrays.
Page 141: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Array Drives, Change Drive Name
This command allows you to change the name of an Array Drive. The name serves to iden- tify an Array Drive in ICPCON or ICP RAID Navigator. This can be very helpful for configura- tions where several Host Drives of various types are operated by a single controller.
Page 142: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Array Drives, Remove Array Drive
J.4.6.6 Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Array Drives, Remove Array Drive This command allows you to remove an existing Array Drive. All the data of the Array Drive will be lost ! Before you confirm the security request with <Y>, you should be sure about this choice.
Page 143: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Array Drives, Remove Hot Fix Drive
Hot Fix drive, because up to that moment, the system is operating without redundancy. Notes: In some literature, Hot Fix drives are also called Hot-Spare drives. You can add or remove Hot Fix drives also with the ICP RAID Navigator. J.4.6.8 Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Array Drives, Remove Hot Fix Drive This option allows you to remove a Hot Fix Drive from an existing Array Drive.
Page 144: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Array Drives, Create New Array Drive
J.4.6.13 Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Array Drives, Create new Array Drive After pressing ENTER, ICPCON lists all free Logical Drives, which are free (not yet part of Array / Host Drives). The selection bar can be moved with the cursor up/down keys and the Logical Drives can be selected/deselected with the SPACE bar.
Page 145: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Host Drives
(because you have to get a replacement hard disk, or because you did not realize the failure immediately since you didn't hear the ICP Controller's alarm signal, or because nobody checked the file server) increases the risk of data loss which will occur if a second hard disk should fail.
Page 146: Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Host Drives, Change Drive Name
Host Drives containing valid data. They will be lost. J.4.7.8 Menu Advanced Setup: Configure Host Drives, Drive Type (Cluster) This option allows you to enable a Host Drive for clustering. Before that the shared IO channel(s) of the ICP Controllers have to be also enabled for clustering.
Page 147 Chapter K ICP RAID Navigator ICP RAID Navigator ICP RAID Navigator ICP RAID Navigator...
Page 148: Icp Raid Navigator
K. ICP RAID Navigator K.1 Introduction The ICP RAID Navigator (ICPRNAV) is a powerful tool for setting up, monitoring and main- taining mass storage subsystems based on ICP Controllers. Different to ICP RAID Console the ICP RAID Navigator is a pure GUI-style application, designed for the operation under Windows 95, 98, NT and Windows 2000.
Page 149: The Icp Raid Navigator "Controls
The status bar can be displayed or hidden by selecting Status Bar from the View menu. K.2.3 "Window" Menu Commands These commands allow you to arrange the windows in the ICP RAID Navigator application window or to activate an open window.
Page 150: Help" Menu Commands
K.2.4 "Help" Menu Commands The Help menu offers the following commands to provide you with online help: K.2.5 "File" Menu Commands Here you can end your ICP RAID Navigator session. Shortcuts: Press Alt+F4 or click to close the window. K.2.6 "View" Menu Commands Use the items in this menu to open or close the windows of the main components of the ICP RAID Navigator or change the appearance of the main window.
Page 151: The "Chart" Menu
Configuration window. Here you can set the refresh rate for the Physical or the Logical Configuration windows. This is the rate, which is used by the ICP RAID Navigator to update the contents of the physical and logical configura- tion windows.
Page 152: Select Controller
K.4 Physical Configuration Window This window shows the physical configuration of the SCSI or Fibre Channel busses of the selected ICP Controller and the devices connected with these busses. The complete configuration is shown as a tree starting from the left with the ICP Controller.
Page 153: Controllers
For optimum performance the write cache should be always On. BIOS The BIOS of the ICP Controller is needed to boot the computer and the operating system from a Host Drive. BIOS Warn- Enables or disables the display of non-critical boot messages of ing Level the ICP Controller during the system boot phase.
Page 154 Observe the following order when carrying out the updating procedure: Get the latest GDT_RPFW file for the ICP Controller. The file does NOT need to be ex- panded ! Format a 3.5" HD disk (1.44MB) and copy the GDT_RPFW file on this disk.
Page 155: I/O Processors
If the state of an Array Drive changes into error (more than one drive has failed) please con- tact our hotline for further assistance. If no drive failed, you may also check the Controller Events to find out if the CPU of the ICP Controller is overheated.
Page 156: Direct Access Devices
Channel Settings Termination The termination for this channel of the ICP Controller can be set to three different states: ON: The termination of the lower (low byte) and upper data lines (high byte) is enabled or disabled depending on the occupied SCSI connectors of this channel.
Page 157 Warning: By changing these parameters on a new hard disk or a hard disk, which has been connected with a non ICP Controller, this hard disk will be initialized and all data on this hard disk will be lost.
Page 158 (LVD SCSI (low voltage differential) only) Note: The maximum synchronous data transfer rate between a SCSI device and the ICP Controller can be limited. This limitation may become necessary if a particular SCSI cabling does not allow the maximum rate the controller and the drive could achieve. The adjust- ment of the synchronous transfer rate can be done in the SCSI parameters / Initialize menu.
Page 159 This function sends a format unit command to the Physical Drive. Everything else is done by the drive itself. The ICP Con- troller stands by to receive a good status back from the drive when it has successfully fin- ished the low level format, thus no progress information can be shown.
Page 160: Non Direct Access Devices (Raw Devices)
K.4.4 Non direct access devices (raw devices) Non direct access devices cannot become components of Logical Drives, Array Drives or Host Drives. These devices are either controlled by a software driver (e.g. an ASPI module), the operating system or an application. Non direct access devices cannot be initialized or changed in their SCSI parameters with this program.
Page 161: Logical Configuration Window
Only one server can own a Host Drive at the same time, so a Host Drive configured for clus- tering may either be controlled by the selected ICP Controller (i.e., local mounted) or by a different ICP Controller (i.e., remote mounted).
Page 162 Only one server can own a Host Drive at the same time, so a Host Drive configured for clus- tering may either be controlled by the selected ICP Controller (i.e., local mounted) or by a different ICP Controller (i.e., remote mounted).
Page 163 RAID 1 Build Ready Fail RAID 0 Logical Drives Logical Drives consist of one or more Physical Drives. Icon Description double click right click opens... opens... Single Disk Logical Drive Information Hot Fix Drive Failed / missing Hot Fix or Single Disk Chaining Drive Physical Drives...
Page 164: The Host Drive Information Window
The Host Drive number of the Host Drive. The Host Drives are re- ported to the system one after the other, beginning with the lowest Drive Number. If the corresponding ICP Controller is the first con- troller in the system, the system will boot from the Host Drive with the lowest number.
Page 165 Type This is the RAID level of the Array Drive. It can be RAID 0 (data striping, no redundancy), RAID1 (mirroring), RAID 4 (striping with parity drive), RAID 5 (striping with striped parity) or RAID 10 (com- bination of RAID 1 and RAID 0). Status The status of an array can be ready (operational), fail (one drive missing, still operational but not redundant), error (more than one...
Page 166: The Logical Drive Information Window
K.5.3 The Logical Drive Information Window Double click on the Logical Drive icon. This window shows information on a Logical Drive. A Logical Drive can be either a single disk, or a chaining group of disks (concatenation), or a stripe set of several disks. Drive No The number of the Logical Drive.
Page 167: Change The Name Of A Drive
K.5.4 Change the name of a Drive Click the right mouse button on the drive icon. This menu option opens a dialog where you can enter a new name for the selected drive (up to 7 characters). K.5.5 Remove a Host Drive Click the right mouse button on the Host Drive icon.
Page 168: Parity Verify
(gray). While you are selecting Physical Drives for the new Host Drive, more and more pos- sibilities become selectable. You can select a single Physical Drive by clicking on it. If you want to select more than one Physical Drive, simply draw a frame around the Physical Drives, or press the <ctrl> key and then click on all the Physical Drives you want to combine to a new array.
Page 169: Progress Information
an Array Drive. The user data on the drives is read, parity information is calculated from this user data and the parity information is written anew. While the parity recalculate is in progress the array is in the build state. During this time the Array Drive is not redundant.
Page 170: Add A Hot Fix Drive
If you want to add additional drives to the Array Drive, select them from the box on the left side of the window. It is possible to add more than one drive at the same time. If no Physical Drives are offered, you have to use the Hot Plug: Add Disk function first, to add new drives.
Page 171: Remove A Hot Fix Drive
ICP Controller's alarm signal, or because nobody checked the file server) increases the risk of data loss which will occur if a second drive should fail. There- fore, new redundancy should be created as soon as possible and in an entirely automated manner.
Page 172: Remove A Raid 1 Component (Remove A Mirror Drive)
The replacement is carried out with ICPCON or the ICP RAID Navigator. Before the Logical Drive can be removed, you have to select a new Logical Drive from the box with available Physical Drives which is shown after this option is selected.
Page 173 Therefore, under these circumstances the fail state is only temporary and will be eliminated by the controller itself. Whenever an Array Drive enters a fail state, the ICP Controller’s audible alarm is turned on. You can silence the audible alarm in the physical configuration window.
Page 174 I/O channel as the defective one. The Array Drive's state is error and normally all data would be lost. The ICP Controllers include some functions, which allow the patch of this Array Drive from the error state into the fail sate. Before the actual patch, the defective drive has to be physically removed from the Array Drive.
Page 175: The Statistics Window
K.6 The Statistics Window The statistics window can display the throughput of Physical, Logical and Host Drives. The vertical axis show the throughput, the horizontal axis the time. You can add drives by drag and drop them from the physical and logical configuration windows into the statistics win- dow.
Page 176: The Controller Events Window
The Load button loads an older event log and displays it. The last two buttons delete the log file and clear the event buffer on the ICP Controller.
Page 177: Icp Raid Navigator Help
K.8 ICP RAID Navigator Help The ICP RAID Navigator includes an online help function. You can either choose the Help menu or the pointer with the question mark to obtain online help on a specific icon or func- tion. There is also an index which allows you to search for certain keywords and/or topics.
Page 178: Icp Service And Icp Mail
Converts ICP messages into standard mails (for Windows 9x/NT, MAPI format) It is recommended to install the ICP Service / ICP CTRLSRV and the ICP Mail tool on each server which is equipped with an ICP Controller. Thus, remote access to ICP Controllers in a network can be easily managed from one or several authorized users.
Page 179 In the IOCTLSrv property sheet you can add / remove users which have remote access to the ICP Controller with the ICP RAID Navigator. Passwords are encrypted.
Page 180 The ICP Mail tool gathers messages from the ICP Service, generates standard mail mes- sages and sends them to pre-defined workstations. After loading ICPMAIL.EXE and selecting "Settings", you can configure the mailing tool. If you select "Local System" all messages are displayed on the server itself.
Page 181 Following is a typical message generated by ICP Mail. The "Mail" option allows the interfacing to a standard mailing system (like Microsoft Out- look or Exchange).
Page 183 Chapter L Appendix Appendix Appendix Appendix...
Page 184: Appendix
"Memory error detected": Memory Module defective Memory errors of the ICP Controller are also indicated acoustically with the audio alarm of the ICP Controller (3 beeps repeated every 10 seconds). The following audio alarm sequence indicates that the ICP Controller is tried to be oper- ated without a DIMM: "beep-beep-short_pause-beep-beep-long_pause-beep-beep-...
Page 185: L.3 Index
CTRLSRV.CFG 117 ICP CDROM 21 CTRLSRV.NLM 117 ICP Controller Configuration 51 CTRLTRAN.DSK 82 ICP Controller of the RN Series, Ultra 160 SCSI 17 Deinitialize Disks 136 ICP Controller of the RN Series, Wide/Ultra 160 Differential SCSI 37 SCSI 17 Disk Array, Maximum Number of Drives 65...
Page 186 Virtual DMA Services 72 RAID 4 - Definition 57 Warranty 4 RAID 5 - Definition 57 What is the ICP Controller Firmware 54 RAID functions 22 Wide & Ultra SCSI 18 RAIDYNE firmware 23 Wide/Ultra SCSI Flat Ribbon Cable 44 RAIDYNE®...

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