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Cisco OL-12518-01 Supplementary Manual
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Cisco OL-12518-01 Supplementary Manual

Cisco OL-12518-01 Supplementary Manual

Fcip over ip/mpls core
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4
C H A P T E R
FCIP over IP/MPLS Core
This chapter discusses the transport of Fibre Channel over IP (FCIP) over IP/Multiprotocol Label
Switching (MPLS) networks and addresses the network requirements from a service provider (SP)
perspective. This chapter also describes service architectures and storage service offerings using FCIP
as a primary storage transport mechanism.
Overview
Storage extension solutions offer connectivity between disparate storage "islands," and promote
transport solutions that are specifically geared towards carrying storage area network (SAN) protocols
over WAN and MAN networks. This emerging demand is providing a new opportunity for carriers. SPs
can now deliver profitable SAN extension services over their existing optical (Synchronous Optical
Network [SONET]/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy [SDH] and Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
[DWDM]) or IP infrastructure. DWDM networks are ideal for high-bandwidth, highly resilient networks
and are typically deployed within metro areas. Transporting storage traffic over the existing
SONET/SDH infrastructure allows SPs to maximize the use of their existing SONET/SDH ring
deployments. Some applications do not mandate stringent requirements offered by optical networks.
These applications can be easily transported over IP networks using FCIP interfaces. The obvious
advantage of transporting storage over IP is the ubiquitous nature of IP.
Disk replication is the primary type of application that runs over an extended SAN network for business
continuance or disaster recovery. The two main types of disk replication are array-based (provided by
2
EMC
SRDF, Hitachi True Copy, IBM PPRC XD, or HP DRM, and host-based (for example, Veritas
Volume Replicator). Both disk replication types run in synchronous and asynchronous modes. In
synchronous mode, an acknowledgement of a host-disk write is not sent until a copy of the data to the
remote array is completed. In asynchronous mode, host-disk writes are acknowledged before the copy
of the data to the remote array is completed.
Applications that use synchronous replication are highly sensitive to response delays and might not work
with slow-speed or high-latency links. It is important to consider the network requirements carefully
when deploying FCIP in a synchronous implementation. Asynchronous deployments of FCIP are
recommended in networks with latency or congestion issues. With FCIP, Fibre Channel SAN can be
extended anywhere an IP network exists and the required bandwidth is available. FCIP can be extended
over metro, campus, or intercontinental distances using MPLS networks. FCIP may be an ideal choice
for intercontinental and coast-to-coast extension of SAN.
Data Center High Availability Clusters Design Guide
4-1
OL-12518-01

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Summary of Contents for Cisco OL-12518-01

  • Page 1 IP network exists and the required bandwidth is available. FCIP can be extended over metro, campus, or intercontinental distances using MPLS networks. FCIP may be an ideal choice for intercontinental and coast-to-coast extension of SAN. Data Center High Availability Clusters Design Guide OL-12518-01...
  • Page 2 SAN Extension Through SP Network SprintLink Network FCIP Fabric Bandwidth options: DS1 – OC3 TDM Facilities FastE and GigE Facilities Chapter 4 FCIP over IP/MPLS Core Remote Sites Fabric Cisco7206 VXR with FCIP PA Fabric FCIP Cisco7206 VXR with FCIP PA Fabric OL-12518-01...
  • Page 3 The software-based compression solution is available on the IPS-IP Storage Service Module for the Cisco MDS 9216/MDS 9216i fabric switch and the Cisco MDS 9500 series storage directors. This feature is available in SAN-OS version 1.3(2a) and later releases. The software-based compression is available on each of the eight IPS-8 Gigabit Ethernet ports.
  • Page 4 For more information, see the following: LZS (RFC 1974), IPPCP with LZS (RFC 2395), Deflate (RFC Note 1951), and IPPCP with Deflate (RFC 2394). Figure 4-2 shows a comparison of the Cisco compression solutions. Data Center High Availability Clusters Design Guide Chapter 4 FCIP over IP/MPLS Core OL-12518-01...
  • Page 5 Security protocols and procedures used for other IP networks can be used with FCIP to safeguard against any known threats and vulnerabilities. FCIP links can be secured by the following methods: Using the IPSec Security Protocol Suite with encryption for cryptographic data integrity and • integrity of authentication OL-12518-01 Cisco Compression Solutions SA-VAM SA-VAM2 2001...
  • Page 6 260 Mps, making it suitable for WAN links up to OC-3 line rates. The IPSec VPNSM is supported on the Catalyst 6500 switch and the Cisco 7600 router with a minimum Native IOS level of 12.2(9)YO. For increased interoperability with other service modules and additional VPN features, it is recommended that a minimum of 12.2(14)SY be used when deploying this service...
  • Page 7 The Write Filemarks operation corresponds to a checkpoint within the tape backup application. This is typically a tunable parameter but may default to 100 or 200 records depending upon the tape backup product. OL-12518-01 Using FCIP Tape Acceleration Data Center High Availability Clusters Design Guide...
  • Page 8 FCIP encapsulates Fibre Channel frames and transports these frames within TCP packets. The FCIP tunnel acts as an Inter-Switch Link (ISL) between two fabric switches. The endpoint devices detect each other as they would between two local switches interconnected with standard ISL. FCIP endpoints are associated to virtual e-ports and these ports communicate with themselves and exchange information such as reconfigure fabric (RCF), Fabric Shortest Path First (FSPF), build fabric (BF), and so on.
  • Page 9 To cause FCIP to behave more fairly, use a lower value for the min-available-bw parameter. FCIP starts at a lower rate and increments the send rate every RTT, just like classic TCP slow-start. OL-12518-01 Using FCIP Tape Acceleration Data Center High Availability Clusters Design Guide...
  • Page 10 The Cisco MDS 9216 Multilayer Fabric Switch brings new functionality and investment protection to the fabric switch market. Sharing a consistent architecture with the Cisco MDS 9500 Series, the Cisco MDS 9216 combines multilayer intelligence with a modular chassis, making it the most intelligent and flexible fabric switch in the industry.
  • Page 11 Fibre Channel and IP in a single module. The Cisco MDS 9216i brings new capability to the fabric switch market. Sharing a consistent architecture with the Cisco MDS 9500 Series, the Cisco MDS 9216i integrates both Fibre Channel and IP storage services in a single system to allow maximum flexibility in user configurations.
  • Page 12 Cisco 16-Port Fibre Channel Switching Module and the Cisco IP Storage Services Module. The Cisco MDS 9000 Family 14/2-port Multiprotocol Services Module doubles both the Fibre Channel and port density of the Cisco MDS 9216i when used in the switch expansion slot. Cisco 7200...
  • Page 13 DSCP value. switch(config-profile)# tcp qos control 4 data 5 The following command reverts the switch to its factory default: switch(config-profile)# no tcp qos control 4 data 5 QoS can also be applied using the Fabric Manager/Device Manager GUI.

  • Page 14: Asynchronous Replication

    See Application Requirements, page 4-29 Data Center High Availability Clusters Design Guide 4-14 Using the GUI to Apply QoS for more on application requirements. Chapter 4 FCIP over IP/MPLS Core OL-12518-01...
  • Page 15 HQ is used as a primary site and data is replicated across the SP IP/MPLS network for business continuance and disaster recovery. The same setup can be used to implement backup and restore applications. Figure 4-6 transported over the SP IP/MPLS network. OL-12518-01 FCIP over IP/MPLS Architecture Gateway IP/MPLS FCIP...
  • Page 16 FCIP Fabrics Cisco 7206 VXR with FCIP PA Bandwidth options: DS1 – OC3 TDM Facilities FastE and GigE Facilities Chapter 4 FCIP over IP/MPLS Core Remote Sites Fabrics Cisco 7206 VXR with FCIP PA FCIP Fabric Fabrics Figure 4-7. OL-12518-01...
  • Page 17 Figure 4-8 SCSI Target Secondary Disk Table 4-1summarizes the possible service offerings an SP can provide to its customers: OL-12518-01 FCIP Connectivity between Second Site and Third Site FCIP SP MPLS Network Cisco MDS 9216 Multi-layer...
  • Page 18 ONS 15540 • ONS 15454 SONET • ONS 15454 FCIP MDS 9xxx • 7200 VXR • SONET 15310 • MDS 9xxx, • 7200VXR 15310 • MDS 9xxx, • 7200VXR Router • SONET/IP CSU/DSUs • Figure 4-9 shows a sample OL-12518-01...
  • Page 19 Express Forwarding (CEF) table, packets are forwarded to their destination using MPLS. A PE router binds a label to each customer prefix learned from a CE router and includes the label in the network reachability information for the prefix that it advertises to other PE routers. OL-12518-01 MPLS VPN for Storage Architecture SAN 9216...
  • Page 20 Cisco MDS 9216s connected to the PE routers (Cisco 7500 and GSR) running MPLS. The PEs connect to the core GSR boxes running MPLS. Data Center High Availability Clusters Design Guide 4-20 Chapter 4 FCIP over IP/MPLS Core OL-12518-01...
  • Page 21 10.200.0.105 activate neighbor 10.200.0.105 send-community extended exit-address-family address-family ipv4 vrf storage redistribute connected no auto-summary no synchronization exit-address-family OL-12518-01 Test Lab Setup and Topology SAN 9216 1 14+2 VRF SAN Primary path Secondary path VRF SAN ⇓redistribute the CE routes onto the storage VRF.
  • Page 22 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0 no ip directed-broadcast load-interval 30 negotiation auto Data Center High Availability Clusters Design Guide 4-22 ⇓Remote PE ⇓redistribute the CE routes onto the storage VRF. Chapter 4 FCIP over IP/MPLS Core Figure 4-10. OL-12518-01...
  • Page 23 MPLS network. Tests were performed with different packet sizes. The MPLS networks with proper configurations of MTU size and the TCP parameters on the CPE were able to carry line rate traffic. OL-12518-01 Testing Scenarios and Results Figure 4-11).
  • Page 24 (2172 + 98 + 4 = 2274). Data Center High Availability Clusters Design Guide 4-24 Cisco MDS 9216i Connection to GSR MPLS Core GSR 12410 Provider Core GSR 12410 Provider Core 10.10.10.1 Chapter 4 FCIP over IP/MPLS Core GSR 12410 Provider Core GSR 12410 11.11.11.1 OL-12518-01...
  • Page 25 Figure 4-13 shows the average latency with a packet size of 2112. Figure 4-13 1400 1200 1000 OL-12518-01 Full Line Rate is Achieved with Packet Size Larger than 1024 Through Put testing 1024 Packet size Average Latency—Packet size 2112 Average Latency...
  • Page 26 Average Latency—Packet size 1024 Average Latency (us) Packet size 1024 Utilization Scenario 3—MDS 9216i Connected to 7500 (PE)/GSR (P) GSR 12410 Provider Core GSR 12410 Provider Core 10.10.10.1 Chapter 4 FCIP over IP/MPLS Core GSR 12410 Provider Core Cisco 7500 11.11.11.1 OL-12518-01...
  • Page 27 Note the following conditions: VRF limits are constrained mainly by CPU • VPN and global route limits are constrained mainly by available memory • OL-12518-01 Figure 4-16. Traffic Load versus Utilization Test Results Traffic Load vs Utilization...
  • Page 28 Figure 4-18 shows the different compression ratio of IPS and MPS as compared to other modules. Data Center High Availability Clusters Design Guide 4-28 MDS FCIP and Compression Latency Compression Latency Comparison usec Chapter 4 FCIP over IP/MPLS Core OL-12518-01...

  • Page 29: Application Requirements

    Bandwidth Tape backup Typically 10 to 15 MB per tape drive Up to 40 MB per tape drive (Super DLT tapes). OL-12518-01 Latency Async or Sync < 1–5 ms Synchronous or asynchronous. Data Center High Availability Clusters Design Guide Application Requirements...
  • Page 30 (100 ms). Table 4-2, other requirements include provisioning, error monitoring, and Chapter 4 FCIP over IP/MPLS Core Synchronous applications are very sensitive to delay. Asynchronous are less sensitive to delay. Depends on the OS and application above it. OL-12518-01...