Page 1 Title Page GE Industrial Systems L90 Line Differential Relay UR Series Instruction Manual L90 Revision: 4.4x Manual P/N: 1601-0081-J1 (GEK-112994) Copyright © 2004 GE Multilin 831776A1.CDR GE Multilin ISO9001:2000 215 Anderson Avenue, Markham, Ontario Canada L6E 1B3 GE Multilin's Quality Management...
Page 3 GE Industrial Systems ADDENDUM This Addendum contains information that relates to the L90 Line Differential Relay relay, version 4.4x. This addendum lists a number of information items that appear in the instruction manual GEK-112994 (revision J1) but are not included in the current L90 operations.
Page 5: Table Of Contents
IMPORTANT CONCEPTS ................. 1-4 1.3 ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE 1.3.1 PC REQUIREMENTS ..................1-5 1.3.2 INSTALLATION....................1-5 1.3.3 CONNECTING ENERVISTA UR SETUP WITH THE L90 ......... 1-7 1.4 UR HARDWARE 1.4.1 MOUNTING AND WIRING................1-10 1.4.2 COMMUNICATIONS..................1-10 1.4.3 FACEPLATE DISPLAY ..................1-10 1.5 USING THE RELAY...
Page 6 CONTACT INPUTS/OUTPUTS ................3-10 3.2.6 TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS..............3-16 3.2.7 RS232 FACEPLATE PORT ................3-17 3.2.8 CPU COMMUNICATION PORTS..............3-18 3.2.9 IRIG-B .......................3-20 3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION 3.3.1 DESCRIPTION ....................3-21 3.3.2 FIBER: LED AND ELED TRANSMITTERS ............3-22 3.3.3 FIBER-LASER TRANSMITTERS ..............3-22 3.3.4 G.703 INTERFACE...................3-23 3.3.5 RS422 INTERFACE ..................3-25...
Page 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS 5.3.2 POWER SYSTEM.................... 5-36 5.3.3 SIGNAL SOURCES ..................5-37 5.3.4 L90 POWER SYSTEM..................5-40 5.3.5 BREAKERS...................... 5-44 5.3.6 FLEXCURVES™....................5-47 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5.4.1 INTRODUCTION TO FLEXLOGIC™ ............... 5-54 5.4.2 FLEXLOGIC™ RULES ..................5-63 5.4.3 FLEXLOGIC™ EVALUATION................5-63 5.4.4...
Page 8 8.1.10 PHASE DETECTION ..................8-6 8.1.11 PHASE LOCKING FILTER .................8-9 8.1.12 CLOCK IMPLEMENTATION ................8-10 8.1.13 MATCHING PHASELETS ................8-10 8.1.14 START-UP ......................8-10 8.1.15 HARDWARE AND COMMUNICATION REQUIREMENTS ......8-11 8.1.16 ONLINE ESTIMATE OF MEASUREMENT ERRORS ........8-11 viii L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 9 EXTERNAL GROUND FAULTS ..............9-17 10. COMMISSIONING 10.1 TESTING 10.1.1 CHANNEL TESTING ..................10-1 10.1.2 CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION TESTS ............10-2 10.1.3 CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL ................10-3 10.1.4 LOCAL-REMOTE RELAY TESTS ..............10-4 A. FLEXANALOG A.1 PARAMETER LIST PARAMETERS GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 10 COUNTERS..................... D-15 D.2.4 ANALOG INPUTS.................... D-16 E. MISCELLANEOUS E.1 CHANGE NOTES E.1.1 REVISION HISTORY..................E-1 E.1.2 CHANGES TO THE L90 MANUAL ..............E-2 E.2 ABBREVIATIONS E.2.1 STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS ................. E-4 E.3 WARRANTY E.3.1 GE MULTILIN WARRANTY................E-6 L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 11: Getting Started
• registration card (attached as the last page of the manual) • Fill out the registration form and return to GE Multilin (include the serial number located on the rear nameplate). • For product information, instruction manual updates, and the latest software updates, please visit the GE Multilin web- site at http://www.GEindustrial.com/multilin.
Page 12: Ur Overview
This new generation of equipment must also be easily incorporated into automation systems, at both the station and enterprise levels. The GE Multilin Universal Relay (UR) has been developed to meet these goals. L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 13: Hardware Architecture
(dual) ring configuration. This feature is optimized for speed and intended for pilot- aided schemes, distributed logic applications, or the extension of the input/output capabilities of a single relay chassis. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 14: Software Architecture
CTs and VTs is in the Introduction to AC Sources section in Chapter 5. A description of how digital signals are used and routed within the relay is contained in the Introduction to FlexLogic™ section in Chapter 5. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 15: Enervista Ur Setup Software
Video capable of displaying 800 x 600 or higher in high-color mode (16-bit color) • RS232 and/or Ethernet port for communications to the relay The following qualified modems have been tested to be compliant with the L90 and the enerVista UR Setup software. • US Robotics external 56K FaxModem 5686 •...
Page 16 Install Software window as shown below. Select the “Web” option to ensure the most recent software release, or select “CD” if you do not have a web connection, then click the Check Now button to list software items for the L90.
Page 17: Connecting Enervista Ur Setup With The L90
1 GETTING STARTED 1.3 ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE 10. Click Finish to end the installation. The L90 device will be added to the list of installed IEDs in the enerVista Launch- pad window, as shown below. 1.3.3 CONNECTING ENERVISTA UR SETUP WITH THE L90 This section is intended as a quick start guide to using the enerVista UR Setup software.
Page 18 Enter the physical communications parameters (baud rate and parity settings) in their respective fields. Click the Read Order Code button to connect to the L90 device and upload the order code. If an communications error occurs, ensure that the enerVista UR Setup serial communications values entered in the previous step correspond to the relay setting values.
Page 19 The Display Properties settings can now be edited, printed, or changed according to user specifications. Refer to Chapter 4 in this manual and the enerVista UR Setup Help File for more information about the using the enerVista UR Setup software interface. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 20: Ur Hardware
Figure 1–4: RELAY COMMUNICATIONS OPTIONS To communicate through the L90 rear RS485 port from a PC RS232 port, the GE Multilin RS232/RS485 converter box is required. This device (catalog number F485) connects to the computer using a “straight-through” serial cable. A shielded twisted-pair (20, 22, or 24 AWG) connects the F485 converter to the L90 rear communications port.
Page 21: Using The Relay
MESSAGE key from a setting value or actual value display returns to the header display. HIGHEST LEVEL LOWEST LEVEL (SETTING VALUE) ## SETTINGS # PASSWORD ACCESS LEVEL: ## PRODUCT SETUP # SECURITY Restricted ## SETTINGS ## SYSTEM SETUP GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 1-11...
Page 22: Relay Activation
Refer to the Changing Settings section in Chapter 4 for complete instructions on setting up security level passwords. NOTE 1.5.6 FLEXLOGIC™ CUSTOMIZATION FlexLogic™ equation editing is required for setting up user-defined logic for customizing the relay operations. See the Flex- Logic™ section in Chapter 5 for additional details. 1-12 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 23: Commissioning
View the event recorder and oscillography or fault report for correct operation of inputs, outputs, and elements. If it is concluded that the relay or one of its modules is of concern, contact GE Multilin or one of its representatives for prompt service.
Page 24 1.5 USING THE RELAY 1 GETTING STARTED 1-14 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 25: Product Description
Another option provides two 10BaseF fiber optic ports for redundancy. The Ethernet port supports IEC 61850, Modbus TCP, and TFTP protocols, and allows access to the relay via any standard web browser (L90 web pages). The IEC 60870- 5-104 protocol is supported on the Ethernet port. DNP 3.0 and IEC 60870-5-104 cannot be enabled at the same time.
Page 26 50_2(2) 51_2(2) 67P(2) 50N(2) 51N(2) 50DD 50P(2) 51P(2) 50BF(2) 67N/G Data From/To Remote End Transducer Metering FlexElement (via Dedicated Communications) Inputs 27P(2) 50G(2) 51G(2) 25(2) Line Differential Relay 831706AS.CDR Figure 2–1: SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 27: Features
Zero-sequence removal for application on lines with tapped transformers connected in a grounded Wye on the line side • GE phaselets approach based on Discrete Fourier Transform with 64 samples per cycle and transmitting 2 time- stamped phaselets per cycle •...
Page 28: Ordering
The relay is available as a 19-inch rack horizontal mount unit or a reduced size (¾) vertical mount unit, and consists of the following modules: power supply, CPU, CT/VT, digital input/output, transducer input/output, L90 Communications. Each of these modules can be supplied in a number of configurations specified at the time of ordering. The information required to completely specify the relay is provided in the following table (see Chapter 3 for full details of relay modules).
Page 29 2.1 INTRODUCTION Table 2–3: L90 ORDER CODES L90 - * 00 - H * * - F ** - H ** - L ** - N ** - S ** - U ** - W ** Full Size Horizontal Mount...
Page 30 4 dcmA Inputs, 4 dcmA Outputs (only one 5A module is allowed) INPUTS/OUTPUTS 8 RTD Inputs 4 RTD Inputs, 4 dcmA Outputs (only one 5D module is allowed) 4 dcmA Inputs, 4 RTD Inputs 8 dcmA Inputs L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 31: Pilot Channel Relaying
Direct Transfer Trip signal to all of the other L90 relays on the protected line. If a Slave L90 relay issues a trip from one of its backup functions, it can send a transfer trip signal to its Master and other Slave relays if such option is designated.
Page 32: Channel Monitor
2.2.2 CHANNEL MONITOR The L90 has logic to detect that the communications channel is deteriorating or has failed completely. This can provide an alarm indication and disable the current differential protection. Note that a failure of the communications from the Master to a Slave does not prevent the Master from performing the current differential algorithm;...
Page 33: Functionality
2.3.1 PROTECTION AND CONTROL FUNCTIONS • Current Differential Protection: The current differential algorithms used in the L90 Line Differential Relay are based on the Fourier transform ‘phaselet’ approach and an adaptive statistical restraint. The L90 uses per-phase differential at 64 kbps with 2 phaselets per cycle. A detailed description of the current differential algorithms is found in Chapter 8.
Page 34: Other Functions
PFLL Status Frequency Deviation Phase and Frequency Master Locked Loop (PFLL) Clock Phase Deviation PHASELETS TO REMOTE Communications Remote Relay PHASELETS FROM REMOTE Interface Direct Transfer Trip 831732A3.CDR Figure 2–3: L90 BLOCK DIAGRAM 2-10 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 35 Compute Positive Offset and Sequence Charging Current Currents Phaselets Compute Phasors Phaselets Phaselets Align Phaselets Phaselets Compute Phasors and Variance Parameters Fault Detector Trip Output Disturbance Logic Detector 831749A1.CDR Figure 2–4: MAIN SOFTWARE MODULES GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 2-11...
Page 36: Specifications
Operation time: 1 to 1.5 cycles (typical) Reset time: 1 power cycle (typical) LINE PICKUP Phase IOC: 0.000 to 30.000 pu Undervoltage pickup: 0.000 to 3.000 pu Overvoltage delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s 2-12 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 37 Phasor DTT: Engaged Direct Transfer Trip (1 and 3 Pickup level: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 pole) from remote L90 Dropout level: 97% to 98% of Pickup Sensitive Disturbance Detector to detect Level accuracy: ±0.5% of reading or ±1% of rated (which-...
Page 38 Level accuracy: ±0.5% of reading from 10 to 208 V Polarizing current: Curve shapes: GE IAV Inverse, Definite Time Operating current: Curve multiplier: Time Dial = 0 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01 3 × (|I_0| – K × |I_1|), IG...
Page 39: User-Programmable Elements
Number of timers: Pickup delay: 0 to 60000 (ms, sec., min.) in steps of 1 Dropout delay: 0 to 60000 (ms, sec., min.) in steps of 1 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 2-15...
Page 40: Monitoring
Digital input change of state (user data) %error Digital output change of state (user data) %error Self-test events (user data) Line%error Data storage: In non-volatile memory METHOD + (Chapter 6) %error RELAY ACCURACY + (1.5%) %error 2-16 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 41: Metering
1.00 to 24000.00 IRIG-B INPUT Nominal frequency: 20 to 65 Hz Amplitude modulation: 1 to 10 V pk-pk For the L90, the nominal system fre- quency should be chosen as 50 Hz or DC shift: 60 Hz only. Input impedance: 22 kΩ...
Page 42: Power Supply
0.8 A L/R = 40 ms IRIG-B OUTPUT Amplitude: 10 V peak-peak RS485 level Maximum load: 100 ohms Time delay: 1 ms for AM input 40 µs for DC-shift input Isolation: 2 kV 2-18 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 43: Communications
2 kV Power budget: 10 db Max optical input power: –7.6 dBm Max optical output power: –20 dBm Receiver sensitivity: –30 dBm Typical distance: 1.65 km SNTP clock synchronization error: <10 ms (typical) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 2-19...
Page 44: Inter-Relay Communications
1300 nm LED, Multimode –11 dBm asymmetry) channel delays using GPS satellite clock: 10 ms 1300 nm ELED, Singlemode –14 dBm 1300 nm Laser, Singlemode –14 dBm 1550 nm Laser, Singlemode –14 dBm 2-20 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 45: Environmental
CLEANING Attach mounting brackets using 20 inch-pounds (±2 inch-pounds) Normally, cleaning is not required; but for situations where dust of torque. has accumulated on the faceplate display, a dry cloth can be used. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 2-21...
Page 46 2.4 SPECIFICATIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2-22 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 47: Hardware
RS232 communications port. The relay is secured to the panel with the use of four screws supplied with the relay. UR SERIES UR SERIES Figure 3–1: L90 VERTICAL MOUNTING AND DIMENSIONS GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 48 3.1 DESCRIPTION 3 HARDWARE Figure 3–2: L90 VERTICAL SIDE MOUNTING INSTALLATION L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 49 3 HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION Figure 3–3: L90 VERTICAL SIDE MOUNTING REAR DIMENSIONS Figure 3–4: L90 HORIZONTAL MOUNTING AND DIMENSIONS GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 50: Module Withdrawal And Insertion
NOTE The version 4.0 release of the L90 relay includes new hardware (CPU and CT/VT modules). The new CPU mod- ules are specified with the following order codes: 9E, 9G, and 9H. The new CT/VT modules are specified with the following order codes: 8F, 8H.
Page 51: Rear Terminal Layout
(nearest to CPU module) which is indicated by an arrow marker on the terminal block. See the following figure for an example of rear terminal assignments. Figure 3–7: EXAMPLE OF MODULES IN F AND H SLOTS GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 52: Wiring
CONTACT IN COMMON SURGE CONTACT IN DIGITAL I/O CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN COMMON SURGE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN COMMON CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN COMPUTER CONTACT IN...
Page 53: Dielectric Strength
(RFI) and electromagnetic interference (EMI). These protective components can be damaged by application of the ANSI/IEEE C37.90 specified test voltage for a period longer than the specified one minute. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 54: Control Power
OCCUR! CAUTION The L90 relay, like almost all electronic relays, contains electrolytic capacitors. These capacitors are well known to be subject to deterioration over time if voltage is not applied periodically. Deterioration can be avoided by powering the relays up once a year.
Page 55 The phase voltage channels are used for most metering and protection purposes. The auxiliary voltage channel is used as input for the Synchrocheck and Volts/Hertz features. 827831AA-X5.CDR 827831AA-X3.CDR Figure 3–11: CT/VT MODULE WIRING Wherever a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute with the Slot Position of the module. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 56: Contact Inputs/Outputs
Cont Op x Ioff Load b) Current with optional voltage monitoring Current monitoring only Both voltage and current monitoring (external jumper a-b is required) 827821A5.CDR Load c) No monitoring Figure 3–12: FORM-A /SOLID STATE CONTACT FUNCTIONS 3-10 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 57 ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs Form-A ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs Fast Form-C ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs Fast Form-C ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 3-11...
Page 58 OUTPUT TERMINAL OUTPUT ASSIGNMENT ASSIGNMENT Not Used 2 Outputs Solid-State 2 Outputs Not Used 2 Outputs Solid-State 2 Outputs Not Used 2 Outputs Solid-State 2 Outputs Not Used 2 Outputs Solid-State Not Used 3-12 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 59 3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING 827719CY-X1.dwg Figure 3–13: DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT MODULE WIRING (1 of 2) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 3-13...
Page 60 – MOSFET Solid State Contact 827719CY-X2.dwg Figure 3–14: DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT MODULE WIRING (2 of 2) CORRECT POLARITY MUST BE OBSERVED FOR ALL CONTACT INPUT AND SOLID STATE OUTPUT CON- NECTIONS FOR PROPER FUNCTIONALITY. CAUTION 3-14 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 61 There is no provision in the relay to detect a DC ground fault on 48 V DC control power external output. We recommend using an external DC supply. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 3-15...
Page 62: Transducer Inputs/Outputs
(5A, 5C, 5D, 5E, and 5F) and channel arrangements that may be ordered for the relay. Wherever a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute with the Slot Position of the module. NOTE 827831AB-X1.CDR Figure 3–16: TRANSDUCER INPUT/OUTPUT MODULE WIRING 3-16 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 63: Rs232 Faceplate Port
Cabling for the RS232 port is shown in the following figure for both 9 pin and 25 pin connectors. The baud rate for this port is fixed at 19200 bps. NOTE Figure 3–17: RS232 FACEPLATE PORT CONNECTION GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 3-17...
Page 64: Cpu Communication Ports
To ensure maximum reliability, all equipment should have similar transient protection devices installed. Both ends of the RS485 circuit should also be terminated with an impedance as shown below. 3-18 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 65 When splicing optical fibers, the diameter and numerical aperture of each fiber must be the same. In order to engage or dis- engage the ST type connector, only a quarter turn of the coupling is required. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 3-19...
Page 66: Irig-B
UR-series relays can be synchronized. The IRIG-B repeater has a bypass function to maintain the time signal even when a relay in the series is powered down. Figure 3–21: IRIG-B REPEATER 3-20 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 67: L90 Channel Communication
3.3L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION 3.3.1 DESCRIPTION The L90 relay requires a special communications module which is plugged into slot “W” for horizontal-mounting units or slot “R” for vertical-mounting units. This module is available in several varieties. Relay-to-relay channel communication is not the same as the 10Base-F interface (available as an option with the CPU module).
Page 68: Fiber: Led And Eled Transmitters
3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION 3 HARDWARE 3.3.2 FIBER: LED AND ELED TRANSMITTERS The following figure shows the configuration for the 7A, 7B, 7C, 7H, 7I, and 7J fiber-only modules. Module: 7A / 7B / 7C 7H / 7I / 7J...
Page 69: Interface
3 HARDWARE 3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION 3.3.4 G.703 INTERFACE a) DESCRIPTION The following figure shows the 64K ITU G.703 co-directional interface configuration. The G.703 module is fixed at 64 kbps only. The !" !" SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP DIRECT I/O DIRECT I/O DATA setting is not applicable to this module.
Page 70 If Octet Timing is enabled (ON), this 8 kHz signal will be asserted during the violation of Bit 8 (LSB) necessary for connect- ing to higher order systems. When L90's are connected back to back, Octet Timing should be disabled (OFF).
Page 71: Rs422 Interface
3 HARDWARE 3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION e) TEST MODES (SWITCHES S5 AND S6) MINIMUM REMOTE LOOPBACK MODE: In Minimum Remote Loopback mode, the multiplexer is enabled to return the data from the external interface without any processing to assist in diagnosing G.703 Line Side problems irrespective of clock rate. Data enters from the G.703 inputs, passes through the data stabilization latch which also restores the proper signal polarity, passes through the multiplexer and then returns to the transmitter.
Page 72 3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION 3 HARDWARE The clock terminating impedance should match the impedance of the line. Tx - Rx - RS422 Tx + CHANNEL 1 Rx + Shld. Tx - Rx - RS422 Tx + CHANNEL 2 Rx + Shld.
Page 73 Figure 3–29: TIMING CONFIGURATION FOR RS422 TWO-CHANNEL, 3-TERMINAL APPLICATION Data Module 1 provides timing to the L90 RS422 interface via the ST(A) and ST(B) outputs. Data Module 1 also provides timing to Data Module 2 TT(A) and TT(B) inputs via the ST(A) and AT(B) outputs. The Data Module pin numbers have been omitted in the figure above since they may vary depending on the manufacturer.
Page 74: Rs422 And Fiber Interface
3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION 3 HARDWARE d) RECEIVE TIMING The RS422 Interface utilizes NRZI-MARK Modulation Code and; therefore, does not rely on an Rx Clock to recapture data. NRZI-MARK is an edge-type, invertible, self-clocking code. To recover the Rx Clock from the data-stream, an integrated DPLL (Digital Phase Lock Loop) circuit is utilized. The DPLL is driven by an internal clock, which is over-sampled 16X, and uses this clock along with the data-stream to generate a data clock that can be used as the SCC (Serial Communication Controller) receive clock.
Page 75: Ieee C37.94 Interface
The UR-series IEEE C37.94 communication modules (76 and 77) are designed to interface with IEEE C37.94 compliant digital multiplexers and/or an IEEE C37.94 compliant interface converter for use with L90 and L90 direct inputs/outputs on version 3.20 and direct input/output applications for firmware revisions 3.30 and higher. The IEEE C37.94 standard defines a point-to-point optical link for synchronous data between a multiplexer and a teleprotection device.
Page 76 3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION 3 HARDWARE For the Internal Timing Mode, the system clock is generated internally. Therefore, the timing switch selection should be Internal Timing for Relay 1 and Loop Timed for Relay 2. There must be only one timing source configured.
Page 77: Human Interfaces
To start using the enerVista UR Setup software, a site definition and device definition must first be created. See the enerV- ista UR Setup Help File or refer to the Connecting enerVista UR Setup with the L90 section in Chapter 1 for details.
Page 78 UR FIRMWARE UPGRADES The firmware of a L90 device can be upgraded, locally or remotely, via the enerVista UR Setup software. The correspond- ing instructions are provided by the enerVista UR Setup Help file under the topic “Upgrading Firmware”.
Page 79: Enervista Ur Setup Main Window
Settings List control bar window Device data view window(s), with common tool bar Settings File data view window(s), with common tool bar Workspace area with data view tabs Status bar Figure 4–1: ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE MAIN WINDOW GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 80: Faceplate Interface
IN SERVICE VOLTAGE TROUBLE CURRENT RESET TEST MODE FREQUENCY LED PANEL 1 TRIP OTHER USER 1 ALARM PHASE A PICKUP PHASE B USER 2 PHASE C NEUTRAL/GROUND USER 3 Figure 4–3: UR-SERIES VERTICAL FACEPLATE PANELS L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 81: Led Indicators
OTHER: Indicates a composite function was involved. • PHASE A: Indicates Phase A was involved. • PHASE B: Indicates Phase B was involved. • PHASE C: Indicates Phase C was involved. • NEUTRAL/GROUND: Indicates neutral or ground was involved. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 82 NO2 IN-SYNCH GROUP 3 TROUBLE GROUP 4 RECLOSE GROUP 5 BREAKER 2 ENABLED GROUP 6 OPEN DISABLED GROUP 7 CLOSED IN PROGRESS GROUP 8 TROUBLE LOCKED OUT Figure 4–6: C60/D30/D60/F35/F60 LED PANEL 2 (DEFAULT LABELS) L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 83 Microsoft Word 97 or later software for editing the template. • 1 each of: 8.5" x 11" white paper, exacto knife, ruler, custom display module (GE Multilin Part Number: 1516-0069), and a custom module cover (GE Multilin Part Number: 1502-0015).
Page 84: Display
4.2.5 BREAKER CONTROL a) DESCRIPTION The L90 can interface with associated circuit breakers. In many cases the application monitors the state of the breaker, which can be presented on faceplate LEDs, along with a breaker trouble indication. Breaker operations can be manually initiated from faceplate keypad or automatically initiated from a FlexLogic™...
Page 85: Menus
SETTINGS COMMANDS TARGETS " " " " ## ACTUAL VALUES ## SETTINGS ## COMMANDS No Active ## STATUS ## PRODUCT SETUP ## VIRTUAL INPUTS Targets USER DISPLAYS (when in use) " User Display 1 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 86 FLASH MESSAGE play Properties. TIME: 1.0 s " To view the remaining settings associated with the Display Properties subheader, DEFAULT MESSAGE repeatedly press the MESSAGE key. The last message appears as shown. INTENSITY: 25% 4-10 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 87: Changing Settings
ENTERING ALPHANUMERIC TEXT Text settings have data values which are fixed in length, but user-defined in character. They may be comprised of upper case letters, lower case letters, numerals, and a selection of special characters. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 4-11...
Page 88: Settings
RELAY SETTINGS: NEW SETTING Not Programmed Programmed HAS BEEN STORED When the "NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED" message appears, the relay will be in "Programmed" state and the In Service LED will turn on. 4-12 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 89 (for each security level) before a new password can be entered. In the event that a password has been lost (forgotten), submit the corresponding Encrypted Password from the PASSWORD menu to the Factory for decoding. SECURITY GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 4-13...
Page 90 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4-14 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 91: Overview
# INSTALLATION See page 5-34. ## SETTINGS # AC INPUTS See page 5-35. ## SYSTEM SETUP # POWER SYSTEM See page 5-36. # SIGNAL SOURCES See page 5-37. # L90 POWER SYSTEM See page 5-40. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 92 # PILOT SCHEMES See page 5-179. # AUTORECLOSE See page 5-182. ## SETTINGS # CONTACT INPUTS See page 5-194. ## INPUTS / OUTPUTS # VIRTUAL INPUTS See page 5-196. # CONTACT OUTPUTS See page 5-197. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 93: Introduction To Elements
1 through 6. The performance of a GROUPED ele- ment is defined by the setting group that is active at a given time. The performance of a CONTROL element is independent of the selected active setting group. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 94 The DPO event is created when the measure and decide comparator output transits from the pickup state (logic 1) to the dropout state (logic 0). This could happen when the element is in the operate state if the reset delay time is not ‘0’. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 95: Introduction To Ac Sources
CTs through which any portion of the current for the element being protected could flow. Auxiliary CTs are required to perform ratio matching if the ratios of the primary CTs to be summed are not identical. In the L90 relay, provisions have been included for all the current signals to be brought to the device where grouping, CT ratio correction, and summation are applied internally via configuration settings.
Page 96 CT/VT modules in a chassis to three. The maximum number of sources is six. A summary of CT/VT module configurations is shown below. ITEM MAXIMUM NUMBER CT/VT Module CT Bank (3 phase channels, 1 ground channel) VT Bank (3 phase channels, 1 auxiliary channel) L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 97 Source is a transformer winding, on which a three phase voltage is mea- sured, and the sum of the currents from CTs on each of two breakers is required to measure the winding current flow. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 98: Product Setup
If an entered password is lost (or forgotten), consult the factory with the corresponding ENCRYPTED PASSWORD The L90 provides a means to raise an alarm upon failed password entry. Should password verification fail while accessing a password-protected level of the relay (either settings or commands), the FlexLogic™...
Page 99: Display Properties
Some customers prefer very low currents to display as zero, while others prefer the current be displayed even when the value reflects noise rather than the actual signal. The L90 applies a cut- off value to the magnitudes and angles of the measured currents.
Page 100 CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL as valid measurements. Unless dictated otherwise by a specific application, the default settings of “0.02 pu” for and “1.0 V” for are recommended. NOTE CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL 5-10 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 101: Clear Relay Records
Selected records can be cleared from user-programmable conditions with FlexLogic™ operands. Assigning user-program- mable pushbuttons to clear specific records are typical applications for these commands. Since the L90 responds to rising edges of the configured FlexLogic™ operands, they must be asserted for at least 50 ms to take effect.
Page 102: Communications
0 ms The L90 is equipped with up to 3 independent serial communication ports. The faceplate RS232 port is intended for local use and is fixed at 19200 baud and no parity. The rear COM1 port type is selected when ordering: either an Ethernet or RS485 port.
Page 103 MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS grammed. For the RS485 ports each L90 must have a unique address from 1 to 254. Address 0 is the broadcast address which all Modbus slave devices listen to. Addresses do not have to be sequential, but no two devices can have the same address or conflicts resulting in errors will occur.
Page 104 DEADBAND: 30000 Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1 DNP OTHER DEFAULT MESSAGE DEADBAND: 30000 Range: 1 to 10080 min. in steps of 1 DNP TIME SYNC IIN MESSAGE PERIOD: 1440 min 5-14 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 105 DNP VOLTAGE SCALE FACTOR Input points that are voltages will be returned with values 1000 times smaller (e.g. a value of 72000 V on the L90 will be returned as 72). These settings are useful when analog input values must be adjusted to fit within certain ranges in DNP masters.
Page 106 47, etc. The minimum number of binary input points that can be selected is 16 (1 block). If all of the BIN INPUT BLOCK X settings are set to “Not Used”, the standard list of 928 points will be in effect. The L90 will form the binary inputs points list from the settings up to the first occurrence of a setting value of “Not Used”.
Page 107 NUMBER: The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) can be used to transfer files from the UR over a network. The L90 operates as a TFTP server. TFTP client software is available from various sources, including Microsoft Windows NT. The dir.txt file obtained from the L90 contains a list and description of all available files (event records, oscillography, etc.).
Page 108: Modbus User Map
L90 clock is closely synchronized with the SNTP/NTP server. It may take up to one minute for the L90 to signal an SNTP self-test error if the server is offline.
Page 109: Real Time Clock
MESSAGE ): 100.0 The L90 relay supports one fault report and an associated fault locator. The signal source and trigger condition, as well as the characteristics of the line or feeder, are entered in this menu. The fault report stores data, in non-volatile memory, pertinent to an event when triggered. The captured data contained in the FaultReport.txt file includes:...
Page 110 The distance to fault calculations are initiated by this signal. The FAULT REPORT 1 Z1 MAG impedances are entered in secondary ohms. FAULT REPORT 1 Z0 MAG See the !" menu for additional details. ACTUAL VALUES RECORDS FAULT REPORTS 5-20 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 111: Oscillography
64 samples per cycle, i.e. it has no effect on the fundamental calculations of the device. When changes are made to the oscillography settings, all existing oscillography records will be CLEARED. WARNING GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-21...
Page 112: Data Logger
Range: Off, any FlexAnalog parameter. See Appendix A: DATA LOGGER CHNL 16: MESSAGE FlexAnalog Parameters for complete list. Range: Not applicable - shows computed data only DATA LOGGER CONFIG: MESSAGE 0 CHNL x 0.0 DAYS 5-22 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 113: Demand
D 1 e (EQ 5.4) – where: d = demand value after applying input quantity for time t (in minutes) D = input quantity (constant), and k = 2.3 / thermal 90% response time. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-23...
Page 114: User-Programmable Leds
# LED TEST See below # LEDS # TRIP & ALARM LEDS See page 5–27. MESSAGE # USER-PROGRAMMABLE See page 5–27. MESSAGE # LED1 # USER-PROGRAMMABLE MESSAGE # LED2 ↓ # USER-PROGRAMMABLE MESSAGE # LED48 5-24 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 115 The test responds to the position and rising edges of the control input defined by the set- LED TEST CONTROL ting. The control pulses must last at least 250 ms to take effect. The following diagram explains how the test is executed. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-25...
Page 116 Stage 2. Once Stage 2 has started, the pushbutton can be released. When Stage 2 is completed, Stage 3 will automatically start. The test may be aborted at any time by pressing the pushbutton. 5-26 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 117 BREAKER 1 TROUBLE LED 23 Operand AR RIP LED 12 Operand LED 24 Operand AR LO Refer to the Control of Setting Groups example in the Control Elements section of this chapter for group activation. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-27...
Page 118: User-Programmable Self-Tests
– if the Breaker Control feature is configured to use the three pushbuttons, they cannot be used as user-programmable control pushbuttons. The location of the control pushbuttons in the following figure. An additonal four control pushbuttons are included when the L90 is ordered with twelve user programmable pushbuttons. 5-28...
Page 119 SYSTEM SETUP/ BREAKERS/BREAKER 1/ BREAKER 1 PUSHBUTTON CONTROL Enabled=1 TIMER FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SYSTEM SETUP/ BREAKERS/BREAKER 2/ CONTROL PUSHBTN 1 ON 100 msec BREAKER 2 PUSHBUTTON CONTROL 842010A2.CDR Enabled=1 Figure 5–5: CONTROL PUSHBUTTON LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-29...
Page 120: User-Programmable Pushbuttons
MESSAGE EVENTS: Disabled The L90 has 12 optional user-programmable pushbuttons available, each configured via 12 identical menus. The pushbut- tons provide an easy and error-free method of manually entering digital information (On, Off) into FlexLogic™ equations as well as protection and control elements. Typical applications include breaker control, autorecloser blocking, ground protec- tion blocking, and setting groups changes.
Page 121: Flex State Parameters
The state bits may be read out in the "Flex States" register array beginning at Modbus address 900 hex. 16 states are packed into each register, with the lowest-numbered state in the lowest-order bit. There are 16 registers in total to accom- modate the 256 state bits. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-31...
Page 122: User-Definable Displays
Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1 DISP 1 ITEM 3 MESSAGE Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1 DISP 1 ITEM 4 MESSAGE Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1 DISP 1 ITEM 5: MESSAGE 5-32 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 123 This item is not being used - there is no corresponding DISP 1 ITEM 5: MESSAGE Tilde marker in Top or Bottom lines. Shows the resultant display content. USER DISPLAYS Current X 0.850 A → Current Y 0.327 A GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-33...
Page 124: Installation
This name will appear on generated reports. This name RELAY NAME is also used to identify specific devices which are engaged in automatically sending/receiving data over the Ethernet com- munications channel using the IEC 61850 protocol. 5-34 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 125: System Setup
1000:1 CT before summation. If a protection element is set up to act on SRC 1 currents, then a pickup level of 1 pu will operate on 1000 A primary. The same rule applies for current sums from CTs with different secondary taps (5 A and 1 A). GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-35...
Page 126: Power System
5-36 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 127: Signal Sources
Whenever the 87L function NOTE is “Enabled”, the frequency tracking function is disabled, and frequency tracking is driven by the L90 algorithm (see the Theory of Operation chapter). Whenever the 87L function is “Disabled”, the frequency tracking mechanism...
Page 128 An example of the use of sources, with a relay with two CT/VT modules, is shown in the diagram below. A relay could have the following hardware configuration: INCREASING SLOT POSITION LETTER --> CT/VT MODULE 1 CT/VT MODULE 2 CT/VT MODULE 3 not applicable 5-38 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 129 CT/VT inputs that are used to provide the data. DSP Bank Source 1 Source 2 Amps Amps Source 3 51BF-1 51BF-2 Volts Amps Volts Amps Source 4 UR Relay Figure 5–8: EXAMPLE USE OF SOURCES GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-39...
Page 130: L90 Power System
CHANGE: 1.5 ms Any changes to the L90 Power System settings will change the protection system configuration. As such, the 87L protection at all L90 protection system terminals must be temporarily disabled to allow the relays NOTE to acknowledge the new settings.
Page 131 The effect of charging current compensation is viewed in the METERING !" actual values menu. This effect is very dependent on CT and VT accuracy. NOTE 87L DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-41...
Page 132 LOCAL (TERMINAL 1 and TERMINAL 2) ID NUMBER: In installations using multiplexers or modems for communica- tion, it is desirable to ensure the data used by the relays protecting a given line comes from the correct relays. The L90 performs this check by reading the ID number contained in the messages sent by transmitting relays and comparing this ID to the programmed correct ID numbers by the receiving relays.
Page 133 • BLOCK GPS TIME REF: This setting signals to the L90 that the time reference is not valid. The time reference may be not accurate due to problems with the GPS receiver. The user must to be aware of the case when a GPS satellite receiver loses its satellite signal and reverts to its own calibrated crystal oscillator.
Page 134: Breakers
BREAKER 1(2) ΦA/3-POLE: Selects an operand, usually a contact input connected to a breaker auxiliary position • tracking mechanism. This input can be either a 52/a or 52/b contact, or a combination the 52/a and 52/b contacts, that 5-44 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 135 BREAKER 1(2) OUT OF SV: Selects an operand indicating that Breaker 1(2) is out-of-service. • XCBR ST.LOC OPERAND: Selects a FlexLogic™ operand to provide a value for the IEC 61850 XCBR1(2) St.Loc data item. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-45...
Page 136 5.3 SYSTEM SETUP 5 SETTINGS Figure 5–11: DUAL BREAKER CONTROL SCHEME LOGIC 5-46 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 137: Flexcurves
1, i.e. 0.98 pu and 1.03 pu. It is recommended to set the two times to a similar value; otherwise, the linear NOTE approximation may result in undesired behavior for the operating quantity that is close to 1.00 pu. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-47...
Page 138 Multiplier and Adder settings only affect the curve portion of the characteristic and not the MRT and HCT settings. The HCT settings override the MRT settings for multiples of pickup greater than the HCT Ratio. NOTE 5-48 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 139 UR Setup software generates an error message and discards the proposed changes. NOTE e) STANDARD RECLOSER CURVES The standard Recloser curves available for the L90 are displayed in the following graphs. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 140 CURRENT (multiple of pickup) 842723A1.CDR Figure 5–15: RECLOSER CURVES GE101 TO GE106 GE142 GE138 GE120 GE113 0.05 7 8 9 10 12 CURRENT (multiple of pickup) 842725A1.CDR Figure 5–16: RECLOSER CURVES GE113, GE120, GE138 AND GE142 5-50 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 141 Figure 5–17: RECLOSER CURVES GE134, GE137, GE140, GE151 AND GE201 GE152 GE141 GE131 GE200 7 8 9 10 12 CURRENT (multiple of pickup) 842728A1.CDR Figure 5–18: RECLOSER CURVES GE131, GE141, GE152, AND GE200 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-51...
Page 142 Figure 5–19: RECLOSER CURVES GE133, GE161, GE162, GE163, GE164 AND GE165 GE132 GE139 GE136 GE116 0.05 GE117 GE118 0.02 0.01 7 8 9 10 12 CURRENT (multiple of pickup) 842726A1.CDR Figure 5–20: RECLOSER CURVES GE116, GE117, GE118, GE132, GE136, AND GE139 5-52 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 143 Figure 5–21: RECLOSER CURVES GE107, GE111, GE112, GE114, GE115, GE121, AND GE122 GE202 GE135 GE119 7 8 9 10 12 CURRENT (multiple of pickup) 842727A1.CDR Figure 5–22: RECLOSER CURVES GE119, GE135, AND GE202 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-53...
Page 144: Flexlogic
Figure 5–23: UR ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW The states of all digital signals used in the L90 are represented by flags (or FlexLogic™ operands, which are described later in this section). A digital “1” is represented by a 'set' flag. Any external contact change-of-state can be used to block an element from operating, as an input to a control feature in a FlexLogic™...
Page 145 Some types of operands are present in the relay in multiple instances; e.g. contact and remote inputs. These types of oper- ands are grouped together (for presentation purposes only) on the faceplate display. The characteristics of the different types of operands are listed in the table below. Table 5–4: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERAND TYPES OPERAND TYPE STATE...
Page 146 Exceeded maximum CRC error threshold on channel 2 87L DIFF CH2 CRCFAIL 87L DIFF CH1 ID FAIL The ID check for a peer L90 on channel 1 has failed 87L DIFF CH2 ID FAIL The ID check for a peer L90 on channel 2 has failed...
Page 147 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ Table 5–5: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 2 of 7) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION ELEMENT BKR FAIL 1 RETRIPA Breaker Failure 1 re-trip phase A (only for 1-pole schemes) Breaker Failure BKR FAIL 1 RETRIPB...
Page 148 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS Table 5–5: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 3 of 7) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION ELEMENT: GND DIST Z2 PKP Ground Distance Zone 2 has picked up Ground Distance GND DIST Z2 OP Ground Distance Zone 2 has operated...
Page 149 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ Table 5–5: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 4 of 7) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION OPEN POLE OP ΦA ELEMENT: Open pole condition is detected in phase A OPEN POLE OP ΦB Open Pole Detector Open pole condition is detected in phase B OPEN POLE OP ΦC...
Page 150 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS Table 5–5: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 5 of 7) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION ELEMENT: PHASE UV1 PKP At least one phase of UV1 has picked up Phase Undervoltage PHASE UV1 OP At least one phase of UV1 has operated...
Page 151 5 SETTINGS 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ Table 5–5: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 6 of 7) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Cont Ip 1 (will not appear unless ordered) Contact Inputs Cont Ip 2 (will not appear unless ordered) ↓ ↓...
Page 152 5.4 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS Table 5–5: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 7 of 7) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION UNAUTHORIZED UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS Asserted when a password entry fails while accessing a password-protected ACCESS ALARM level of the relay. USER- PUSHBUTTON x ON Pushbutton Number x is in the ’On’...
Page 153: Flexlogic™ Rules
When making changes to settings, all FlexLogic™ equations are re-compiled whenever any new setting value is entered, so all latches are automatically reset. If it is necessary to re-initialize FlexLogic™ during testing, for example, it is suggested to power the unit down and then back up. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-63...
Page 154: Flexlogic™ Example
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 on Dropout State=Pickup (200 ms) DIGITAL ELEMENT 2 Timer 1 State=Operated Time Delay on Pickup (800 ms) CONTACT INPUT H1c State=Closed VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3 827026A2.VSD Figure 5–25: LOGIC EXAMPLE WITH VIRTUAL OUTPUTS 5-64 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 155 Following the procedure outlined, start with parameter 99, as follows: 99: The final output of the equation is Virtual Output 3, which is created by the operator "= Virt Op n". This parameter is therefore "= Virt Op 3." GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-65...
Page 156 87: The input just below the upper input to OR #1 is operand “Virt Op 2 On". 86: The upper input to OR #1 is operand “Virt Op 1 On". 85: The last parameter is used to set the latch, and is operand “Virt Op 4 On". 5-66 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 157 In the following equation, Virtual Output 3 is used as an input to both Latch 1 and Timer 1 as arranged in the order shown below: DIG ELEM 2 OP Cont Ip H1c On AND(2) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-67...
Page 158: Flexlogic # Equation Editor
TIMER 1 PICKUP DELAY: Sets the time delay to pickup. If a pickup delay is not required, set this function to "0". • TIMER 1 DROPOUT DELAY: Sets the time delay to dropout. If a dropout delay is not required, set this function to "0". 5-68 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 159 The element can be programmed to respond either to a signal level or to a rate-of-change (delta) over a pre-defined period of time. The output operand is asserted when the operating signal is higher than a threshold or lower than a threshold as per user's choice. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-69...
Page 160 The FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION following figure explains the application of the FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP FLEXELEMENT 1 HYS- settings. TERESIS 5-70 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 161 DIRECTION = Under; FLEXELEMENT INPUT MODE = Signed; FlexElement 1 OpSig FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP FLEXELEMENT DIRECTION = Under; FLEXELEMENT INPUT MODE = Absolute; FlexElement 1 OpSig 842706A2.CDR Figure 5–33: FLEXELEMENT™ INPUT MODE SETTING GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-71...
Page 162 “Delta”. FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE This setting specifies the pickup delay of the element. The setting FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP DELAY FLEXELEMENT 1 RST DELAY specifies the reset delay of the element. 5-72 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 163: Non-Volatile Latches
LATCH 1 SET: FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS Off=0 LATCH 1 ON Dominant LATCH 1 OFF Previous Previous SETTING State State LATCH 1 SET: Off=0 RESET 842005A1.CDR Figure 5–34: NON-VOLATILE LATCH OPERATION TABLE (N=1 to 16) AND LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-73...
Page 164: Grouped Elements
MAIN MENU " PATH: SETTINGS GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) LINE DIFFERENTIAL ELEMENTS # LINE DIFFERENTIAL # CURRENT See page 5-75. # ELEMENTS # DIFFERENTIAL # STUB BUS See page 5-77. MESSAGE 5-74 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 165 • CURRENT DIFF SIGNAL SOURCE 2: Selects the second source for current differential function for applications where more than one set of CT circuitry is connected directly to L90. • CURRENT DIFF SIGNAL SOURCE 3: Selects the third source for the current differential function for applications where more than two sets of CT circuitry are connected directly to L90.
Page 166 • CURRENT DIFF DTT: Enables/disables the sending of a DTT by the current differential element on per single-phase basis to remote relays. To allow the L90 to restart from Master-Master to Master-Slave mode (very important on three- terminal applications), must be set to "Enabled".
Page 167 CTs of the associated breakers and disconnect switch. SETTING STUB BUS FUNCTION: Disabled=0 Enabled=1 SETTING STUB BUS DISCONNECT: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND Off=0 STUB BUS OP SETTING STUB BUS TRIGGER: Off=0 831012A3.CDR Figure 5–36: STUB BUS SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-77...
Page 168: Line Pickup
Zone 2 or excessive phase current within six power cycles after the autorecloser issues a close command results in the FlexLogic™ operand. Configure the operand to LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP perform a trip action if the intent is apply Zone 1 extension. 5-78 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 169 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS 6 cycles AR CLOSE BKR1 LINE PICKUP I< A AR CLOSE BKR2 LINE PICKUP I< B D60 and L90 only LINE PICKUP I< C 837000AC.CDR Figure 5–37: LINE PICKUP SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-79...
Page 170: Distance
(logic 0), the distance functions follow other conditions of the memory voltage logic as shown below. The distance zones of the L90 is are identical to that of the UR-series D60 Line Distance Relay. For additional infor- mation on the L90 distance functions, please refer to Chapter 8 of the D60 manual, available on the enerVista CD or free of charge on the GE Multilin web page.
Page 171 Range: 60 to 90° in steps of 1 PHS DIST Z1 QUAD MESSAGE RGT BLD RCA: 85° Range: 0.02 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01 PHS DIST Z1 QUAD MESSAGE LFT BLD: 10.00 ohms GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-81...
Page 172 PHS DIST Z1 SHAPE: This setting selects the shape of the phase distance function between the mho and quadrilat- eral characteristics. The selection is available on a per-zone basis. The two characteristics and their possible varia- tions are shown in the following figures. 5-82 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 173 Figure 5–40: NON-DIRECTIONAL MHO DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC COMP LIMIT COMP LIMIT DIR COMP LIMIT DIR COMP LIMIT DIR RCA LFT BLD RCA RGT BLD RCA -LFT BLD RGT BLD 837721A1.CDR Figure 5–41: DIRECTIONAL QUADRILATERAL PHASE DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-83...
Page 174 COMP LIMIT = 90 COMP LIMIT = 60 DIR RCA = 45 DIR RCA = 80 DIR COMP LIMIT = 90 DIR COMP LIMIT = 60 837722A1.CDR Figure 5–43: MHO DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC SAMPLE SHAPES 5-84 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 175 CTs are located at the same side as the read point. Therefore, the Z3 setting shall be set to “None”. See Chapter 8: Theory of Operation for more details, and Chapter 9: Application of Settings for information on how to calculate distance reach settings in applications involving power transformers. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-85...
Page 176 If the mho shape is applied, the directional function is an extra supervising function as the dynamic mho characteristic is itself directional. In conjunction with the quadrilateral shape, this setting defines the only 5-86 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 177 • PHS DIST Z1 BLK: This setting enables the user to select a FlexLogic™ operand to block a given distance element. VT fuse fail detection is one of the applications for this setting. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-87...
Page 178 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PH DIST Z2 PKP CA 20 ms PH DIST Z2 OP CA FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PH DIST Z2 OP 837020A6.CDR Figure 5–47: PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 2 TO ZONE 3 OP SCHEME 5-88 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 179 PH DIST Z1 SUPN IBC B - C > 3 PICKUP PH DIST Z1 SUPN ICA C - A > 3 PICKUP 837002AG.CDR Figure 5–48: PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 1 TO ZONE 3 SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-89...
Page 180 Range: 60 to 90° in steps of 1 GND DIST Z1 QUAD MESSAGE LFT BLD RCA: 85° Range: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 GND DIST Z1 MESSAGE SUPV: 0.200 pu 5-90 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 181 The directional and non-directional quadrilateral ground distance characteristics are shown below. The directional and non-directional mho ground distance characteristics are the same as those shown for the phase distance element in the previous sub-section. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-91...
Page 182 DISTANCE SOURCE zero-sequence impedance between the lines and the positive-sequence impedance of the protected line. It is impera- tive to set this setting to zero if the compensation is not to be performed. 5-92 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 183 This setting applies only to the GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA quadrilateral characteristic and should be set with consideration to the maximum load current and required resistive coverage. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-93...
Page 184 • GND DIST Z1 BLK: This setting enables the user to select a FlexLogic™ operand to block the given distance element. VT fuse fail detection is one of the applications for this setting. 5-94 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 185 V_1 > 0.80pu 1 CYCLE GND DIST Z1 PKP 1 CYCLE I_1 > 0.025pu SETTING GND DIST Z1 SUPV: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND GND DIST Z1 SUPN IN PICKUP 837007AC.CDR Figure 5–51: GROUND DISTANCE Z1 SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-95...
Page 186 GND DIST Z1 OP GND DIST Z1 SUPN IN OPEN POLE OP * NOTE: * D60 Only. Other UR models apply regular current seal-in for Z1. 837018A5.CDR Figure 5–53: GROUND DISTANCE Z1 OP SCHEME 5-96 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 187 DISTANCE SOURCE: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND ZERO SEQ GND DIST Z2 DIR DIRECTIONAL SUPN FLEXLOGIC OPERAND CO-ORDINATING TIME OPEN POLE OP Pickup 4.5 cycles, Reset 1.0 cycle 837009A6.CDR Figure 5–55: GROUND DIRECTIONAL SUPERVISION SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-97...
Page 188: Power Swing Detect
Range: 0.10 to 500.00 in steps of 0.01 POWER SWING MIDDLE MESSAGE LFT BLD: 100.00 Ω Ω Range: 0.10 to 500.00 in steps of 0.01 POWER SWING INNER MESSAGE RGT BLD: 100.00 Ω 5-98 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 189 Two-step operation: If the 2-step mode is selected, the sequence is identical, but it is the outer and inner characteris- tics that are used to time the power swing locus. The Out-of-Step Tripping feature operates as follows for three-step and two-step Power Swing Detection modes: GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-99...
Page 190 “Mho”, the element applies the right and left blinders as well. If the blinders are not required, their settings should be set high enough to effectively disable the blinders. Figure 5–56: POWER SWING DETECT MHO OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS 5-100 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 191 FlexLogic™ operands are auxiliary operands that could be used to facilitate testing POWER SWING TMR4 PKP and special applications. • FlexLogic™ operand shall be used to block selected protection elements such as distance POWER SWING BLOCK functions. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-101...
Page 192 POWER SWING QUAD REV REACH MID: This setting specifies the reverse reach of the middle quad characteristic. The angle of this reach impedance is specified by the setting. The setting is not used if the POWER SWING FWD RCA shape setting is “Mho”. 5-102 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 193 The delayed trip occurs when the impedance leaves the outer charac- teristic. This time delay is provided for extra security and should be set considering the fastest expected power swing. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-103...
Page 194 K_0, K_2 - three times the average change over last power cycle 842008A1.CDR K_1 - four times the average change over last power cycle Figure 5–60: POWER SWING DETECT SCHEME LOGIC (2 of 3) 5-104 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 195 POWER SWING BLK: L1 AND L4 LATCHES ARE SET DOMINANT L2, L3 AND L5 LATCHES ARE RESET DOMINANT Off=0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND POWER SWING OUTGOING 827841A4.CDR Figure 5–61: POWER SWING DETECT SCHEME LOGIC (3 of 3) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-105...
Page 196: Load Encroachment
The element operates if the positive-sequence voltage is above a settable level and asserts its output signal that can be used to block selected protection elements such as distance or phase overcurrent. The following figure shows an effect of the Load Encroachment characteristics used to block the Quad distance element. 5-106 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 197 If the voltage is below this threshold a blocking signal will not be asserted by the element. When selecting this setting one must remember that the L90 measures the phase-to-ground sequence voltages regardless of the VT connection.
Page 198: Phase Current
# DIRECTIONAL 2 b) INVERSE TOC CURVE CHARACTERISTICS The inverse time overcurrent curves used by the time overcurrent elements are the IEEE, IEC, GE Type IAC, and I t stan- dard curve shapes. This allows for simplified coordination with downstream devices. If however, none of these curve shapes is adequate, FlexCurves™...
Page 199 5.041 4.827 38.634 22.819 14.593 11.675 10.130 9.153 8.470 7.960 7.562 7.241 51.512 30.426 19.458 15.567 13.507 12.204 11.294 10.614 10.083 9.654 10.0 64.390 38.032 24.322 19.458 16.883 15.255 14.117 13.267 12.604 12.068 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-109...
Page 200 0.60 1.835 1.067 0.668 0.526 0.451 0.404 0.371 0.346 0.327 0.311 0.80 2.446 1.423 0.890 0.702 0.602 0.538 0.494 0.461 0.435 0.415 1.00 3.058 1.778 1.113 0.877 0.752 0.673 0.618 0.576 0.544 0.518 5-110 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 201 = characteristic constant, and T = reset time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% RESET is “Timed”) RESET Table 5–14: GE TYPE IAC INVERSE TIME CURVE CONSTANTS IAC CURVE SHAPE IAC Extreme Inverse 0.0040 0.6379 0.6200 1.7872 0.2461...
Page 202 = Reset Time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed) RESET RECLOSER CURVES: The L90 uses the FlexCurve™ feature to facilitate programming of 41 recloser curves. Please refer to the FlexCurve™ sec- tion in this chapter for additional details. 5-112...
Page 203 (Mvr) corresponding to the phase-phase voltages of the voltage restraint characteristic curve (see the figure below); the pickup level is calculated as ‘Mvr’ times the setting. If the voltage restraint feature PHASE TOC1 PICKUP is disabled, the pickup level always remains at the setting value. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-113...
Page 204 Multiplier PHASE TOC1 C DPO Multiplier-Phase C PHASE TOC1 C OP SETTING PHASE TOC1 PKP PHASE TOC1 VOLT RESTRAINT: PHASE TOC1 OP Enabled PHASE TOC1 DPO 827072A4.CDR Figure 5–66: PHASE TOC1 SCHEME LOGIC 5-114 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 205 Off = 0 PHASE IOC1 PKP SETTING PHASE IOC1 OP PHASE IOC1 BLOCK-B: PHASE IOC1 DPO Off = 0 SETTING 827033A6.VSD PHASE IOC1 BLOCK-C: Off = 0 Figure 5–67: PHASE IOC1 SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-115...
Page 206 CTs and the line-line voltage from the VTs, based on the 90° or ‘quadrature’ connection. If there is a requirement to supervise overcurrent elements for flows in opposite directions, such as can happen through a bus-tie breaker, two phase directional elements should be programmed with opposite ECA settings. 5-116 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 207 Therefore, a coordination time of at least 10 ms must be added to all the instantaneous protec- tion elements under the supervision of the Phase Directional element. If current reversal is of a concern, a longer delay – in the order of 20 ms – may be needed. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-117...
Page 208: Neutral Current
MESSAGE # NEUTRAL IOC1 See page 5-120. MESSAGE # NEUTRAL IOC2 See page 5-120. MESSAGE # NEUTRAL See page 5-121. MESSAGE # DIRECTIONAL OC1 # NEUTRAL See page 5-121. MESSAGE # DIRECTIONAL OC2 5-118 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 209 NEUTRAL TOC 1 SETTING NEUTRAL TOC1 PKP RESET: NEUTRAL TOC1 IN ≥ PICKUP NEUTRAL TOC1 DPO SOURCE: NEUTRAL TOC1 OP SETTING NEUTRAL TOC1 BLOCK: Off = 0 827034A3.VSD Figure 5–70: NEUTRAL TOC1 SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-119...
Page 210 NEUTRAL IOC1 PICKUP: RESET DELAY : SETTING NEUTRAL IOC1 DPO NEUTRAL IOC1 OP 3( _0 - K _1 ) PICKUP NEUTRAL IOC1 BLOCK: Off=0 SETTING NEUTRAL IOC1 SOURCE: 827035A4.CDR Figure 5–71: NEUTRAL IOC1 SCHEME LOGIC 5-120 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 211 × × (EQ 5.17) – The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious zero-sequence currents resulting from: • System unbalances under heavy load conditions. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-121...
Page 212 The reverse-looking function is designed to be faster as compared to the forward- looking function and should be used for the blocking direction. This allows for better protection coordination. 5-122 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 213 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL VOLT: Selects the polarizing voltage used by the directional unit when "Voltage" or "Dual" polarizing mode is set. The polarizing voltage can be programmed to be either the zero-sequence voltage calculated from the phase voltages ("Calculated V0") or supplied externally as an auxiliary voltage ("Measured VX"). GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-123...
Page 214 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV PICKUP: This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit of the element in the reverse direction. When selecting this setting it must be kept in mind that the design uses a ‘positive-sequence restraint’ technique for the “Calculated 3I0” mode of operation. 5-124 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 215 3) POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESTRAINT IS NOT APPLIED WHEN _1 IS BELOW 0.8pu NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POS- SEQ RESTRAINT: 3( _0 - K _1 ) PICKUP 827077AB.CDR PICKUP Figure 5–73: NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-125...
Page 216: Ground Current
GROUND TOC 1 SETTING RESET: GROUND TOC1 PKP GROUND TOC1 GROUND TOC1 DPO IG ≥ PICKUP SOURCE: GROUND TOC1 OP SETTING GROUND TOC1 BLOCK: 827036A3.VSD Off = 0 Figure 5–74: GROUND TOC1 SCHEME LOGIC 5-126 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 217 These elements measure the current that is connected to the ground channel of a CT/VT module. The conversion range of a standard channel is from 0.02 to 46 times the CT rating. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-127...
Page 218 SETTING < NEG SEQ PICKUP NEG SEQ TOC1 DPO NEG SEQ TOC1 BLOCK: NEG SEQ TOC1 OP Off=0 SETTING NEG SEQ TOC1 SOURCE: Neg Seq 827057A4.CDR Figure 5–76: NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TOC1 SCHEME LOGIC 5-128 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 219 RESET DELAY: SETTING NEG SEQ IOC1 DPO NEG SEQ IOC1 OP _2 - K _1 PICKUP NEG SEQ IOC1 BLOCK: Off=0 SETTING NEG SEQ IOC1 SOURCE: 827058A5.CDR Figure 5–77: NEGATIVE SEQUENCE IOC1 SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-129...
Page 220 The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious negative- and zero- sequence currents resulting from: • System unbalances under heavy load conditions. • Transformation errors of Current Transformers (CTs). • Fault inception and switch-off transients. 5-130 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 221: Negative Sequence Current
This allows for better protection coordination. The above bias should be taken into account when using the Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent element to ‘directionalize’ other protection elements. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-131...
Page 222 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV NEG SEQ DIR OC1 POS- Neg Sequence SEQ RESTRAINT: Zero Sequence _2 - K _1 PICKUP 827091A4.CDR _0 - K _1 PICKUP Figure 5–79: NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OC1 SCHEME LOGIC 5-132 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 223: Breaker Failure
Range: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 BF1 N AMP HISET MESSAGE PICKUP: 1.050 pu Range: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 BF1 PH AMP LOSET MESSAGE PICKUP: 1.050 pu GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-133...
Page 224 This can also occur in breaker-and-a-half or ring bus configurations where the first breaker closes into a fault; the protection trips and attempts to initiate breaker failure for the second breaker, which is in the process of closing, but does not yet have current flowing through it. 5-134 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 225 BREAKER FAILURE TIMER No. 2 (±1/8 cycle) INITIATE (1/8 cycle) BREAKER FAILURE CURRENT DETECTOR PICKUP (1/8 cycle) BREAKER FAILURE OUTPUT RELAY PICKUP (1/4 cycle) FAULT cycles OCCURS 827083A6.CDR Figure 5–80: BREAKER FAILURE MAIN PATH SEQUENCE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-135...
Page 226 In microprocessor relays this time is not significant. In L90 relays, which use a Fourier transform, the calculated current magnitude will ramp-down to zero one power frequency cycle after the current is interrupted, and this lag should be included in the overall margin duration, as it occurs after current interruption.
Page 227 1-pole breaker failure schemes. Upon operation of the breaker failure element for a single pole trip command, a 3-pole trip command should be given via output operand BKR FAIL 1 TRIP OP GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-137...
Page 228 BF1 SOURCE : Initiated Ph C PICKUP : TO SHEET 2 OF 2 PICKUP PICKUP PICKUP TO SHEET 2 OF 2 (827070.CDR) 827069A5.CDR Figure 5–81: BREAKER FAILURE 1-POLE [INITIATE] (Sheet 1 of 2) 5-138 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 229 BF1 BKR POS2 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND Off=0 BKR FAIL 1 T3 OP SETTING BF1 BKR POS2 Off=0 SETTING BF1 BREAKER TEST ON: Off=0 827070A4.CDR Figure 5–82: BREAKER FAILURE 1-POLE [TIMERS] (Sheet 2 of 2) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-139...
Page 230 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS Figure 5–83: BREAKER FAILURE 3-POLE [INITIATE] (Sheet 1 of 2) 5-140 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 231 5 SETTINGS 5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS Figure 5–84: BREAKER FAILURE 3-POLE [TIMERS] (Sheet 2 of 2) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-141...
Page 232: Voltage Elements
= Pickup Level pickup At 0% of pickup, the operating time equals the setting. UNDERVOLTAGE DELAY NOTE 20 30 80 90 100 110 % of V pickup Figure 5–85: INVERSE TIME UNDERVOLTAGE CURVES 5-142 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 233 Source VT = Wye FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SETTING PHASE UV1 PKP PHASE UV1 MODE: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND Phase to Ground Phase to Phase PHASE UV1 OP FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PHASE UV1 DPO 827039AB.CDR Figure 5–86: PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE1 SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-143...
Page 234 PHASE OV1 C DPO Phase Phase PHASE OV1 C OP to Ground to Phase FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PHASE OV1 PKP FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PHASE OV1 OP FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PHASE OV1 DPO 827066A5.CDR Figure 5–87: PHASE OVERVOLTAGE SCHEME LOGIC 5-144 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 235 Off=0 DELAY : FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS < 3V_0 Pickup NEUTRAL OV1 OP SETTING NEUTRAL OV1 DPO NEUTRAL OV1 SIGNAL NEUTRAL OV1 PKP SOURCE: ZERO SEQ VOLT (V_0) 827848A1.CDR Figure 5–88: NEUTRAL OVERVOLTAGE1 SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-145...
Page 236 Off=0 AUX UV1 PKP AUX UV1 DPO SETTING SETTING AUX UV1 OP AUX UV1 MINIMUM AUX UV1 SIGNAL VOLTAGE: SOURCE: < Vx Minimum AUX VOLT Vx 827849A2.CDR Figure 5–89: AUXILIARY UNDERVOLTAGE SCHEME LOGIC 5-146 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 237 AUX OV1 RESET Off=0 DELAY : FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS < Vx Pickup AUX OV1 OP SETTING AUX OV1 DPO AUX OV1 SIGNAL AUX OV1 PKP SOURCE: AUXILIARY VOLT (Vx) 827836A2.CDR Figure 5–90: AUXILIARY OVERVOLTAGE SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-147...
Page 238: Supervising Elements
DD NON-CURRENT SUPV: This setting is used to select a FlexLogic™ operand which will activate the output of the Disturbance Detector upon events (such as frequency or voltage change) not accompanied by a current change. 5-148 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 239 OR LOWER) IN 0.02 pu FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SETTING STEPS USING THE HIGHEST VALUE OF 50DD SV DD LOGIC I_0 AND I_2. SEAL-IN: Off=0 SETTING DD NON-CURRENT SUPV: Off=0 827044A6.CDR Figure 5–91: DISTURBANCE DETECTOR SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-149...
Page 240 • OPEN POLE BROKEN CONDUCTOR: This setting enables or disables detection of Broken Conductor or Remote Pole Open conditions. 5-150 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 241 Disable=0 SETTING OPEN POLE VOLTAGE SOURCE: DELTA VA < 75% Nominal VAG or VBG or VB < 75% Nominal VCG or VC < 75% Nominal 827047A6.CDR Figure 5–92: OPEN POLE DETECTOR SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-151...
Page 242 Autoreclosure Disabled can be utilized, or Autoreclosure Counter if second trip for example is required to be a 3-pole signal, or element representing change in the power system configuration, etc. can be consid- ered to be applied. 5-152 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 243 87L TRIP SEAL-IN: This setting is used to enable/disable seal-in of the trip signal by measurement of the current flow- ing. • 87L TRIP SEAL-IN PICKUP: This setting is used to select a pickup setting of the current seal-in function. Figure 5–93: 87L TRIP SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-153...
Page 244: Control Elements
The assigned VIR- operand is used to control the “On” state of a particular settings group. TUAL OUTPUT 1 Figure 5–94: EXAMPLE FLEXLOGIC™ CONTROL OF A SETTINGS GROUP 5-154 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 245: Selector Switch
SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT: This setting defines the time-out period for the selector. This value is used by the relay in the following two ways. When the is “Time-out”, the setting specifies the required period of SELECTOR STEP-UP MODE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-155...
Page 246 3-bit control inputs. Note that the stepping up control input and 3-bit control TIME-OUT input have independent acknowledging signals ( , accordingly). SELECTOR 1 ACK SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK 5-156 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 247 3BIT A1 3BIT A2 POS 1 POS 2 POS 3 POS 4 POS 5 POS 6 POS 7 BIT 0 BIT 1 BIT 2 STP ALARM BIT ALARM ALARM 842737A1.CDR Figure 5–95: TIME-OUT MODE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-157...
Page 248 3BIT A2 3BIT ACK POS 1 POS 2 POS 3 POS 4 POS 5 POS 6 POS 7 BIT 0 BIT 1 BIT 2 STP ALARM BIT ALARM ALARM 842736A1.CDR Figure 5–96: ACKNOWLEDGE MODE 5-158 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 249 SELECTOR 1 BIT ALARM 3-bit position out SELECTOR 1 ALARM SELECTOR 1 PWR ALARM SELECTOR 1 BIT 0 SELECTOR 1 BIT 1 SELECTOR 1 BIT 2 842012A1.CDR Figure 5–97: SELECTOR SWITCH LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-159...
Page 250: Synchrocheck
∆F. This time can be calculated by: ------------------------------- - (EQ 5.20) 360° ----------------- - × ∆F 2 ∆Φ × where: ∆Φ = phase angle difference in degrees; ∆F = frequency difference in Hz. 5-160 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 251 SYNCHK1 LIVE V2 MIN VOLT: This setting establishes a minimum voltage magnitude for V2 in ‘pu’. Above this mag- nitude, the V2 voltage input used for synchrocheck will be considered “Live” or energized. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-161...
Page 252 The relay will use the phase channel of a three-phase set of voltages if pro- grammed as part of that source. The relay will use the auxiliary voltage channel only if that channel is programmed as part of the Source and a three-phase set is not. 5-162 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 253 SETTING CALCULATE SYNC1 SYNC DPO SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ Magnitude V2 SYNCHK1 V2 SIGNAL HYSTERESIS: SOURCE: Angle Calculate I F1-F2 I= SRC 2 Frequency F2 ACTUAL VALUE SYNC1: 827076AA.CDR Figure 5–98: SYNCHROCHECK SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-163...
Page 254: Digital Elements
DC current is interrupted, the trickle current will drop below the threshold and the FlexLogic™ operand "Cont Op # VOff" will be set. Consequently, the state of these operands can be used as indicators of the integrity of the cir- cuits in which Form-A contacts are inserted. 5-164 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 255 MESSAGE Cont Ip 1 Off DIGITAL ELEMENT MESSAGE TARGET: Self-reset DIGITAL ELEMENT MESSAGE EVENTS: Enabled setting should be greater than the operating time of the breaker to avoid nuisance PICKUP DELAY alarms. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-165...
Page 256 RESISTANCE POWER SUPPLY (V DC) (OHMS) (WATTS) I = Current Monitor 1000 5000 V = Voltage Monitor 10000 25000 By-pass 25000 Resistor 50000 Trip Coil 827074A1.vsd DC– Figure 5–101: TRIP CIRCUIT EXAMPLE 2 5-166 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 257: Digital Counters
–2,147,483,648 counts, the counter will rollover to +2,147,483,647. • COUNTER 1 BLOCK: Selects the FlexLogic™ operand for blocking the counting operation. All counter operands are blocked. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-167...
Page 258 COUNTER 1 RESET: COUNTER 1 FROZEN: Off = 0 STORE DATE & TIME Date & Time SETTING COUNT1 FREEZE/RESET: Off = 0 827065A1.VSD SETTING COUNT1 FREEZE/COUNT: Off = 0 Figure 5–102: DIGITAL COUNTER SCHEME LOGIC 5-168 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 259: Monitoring Elements
MESSAGE 1000 kA2-cyc Range: FlexLogic™ operand BKR 1 ARC AMP BLOCK: MESSAGE Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled BKR 1 ARC AMP MESSAGE TARGET: Self-reset Range: Disabled, Enabled BKR 1 ARC AMP MESSAGE EVENTS: Disabled GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-169...
Page 260 BKR 1(4) ARC AMP LIMIT: Selects the threshold value above which the output operand is set. Breaker Contacts Initiate Extinguished Part Total Area = Breaker Arcing Current (kA·cycle) Programmable 100 ms Start Delay Start Stop Integration Integration Figure 5–103: ARCING CURRENT MEASUREMENT 5-170 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 261 BKR 1 FLSHOVR AMP MESSAGE PKP: 0.600 pu Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 BKR 1 FLSHOVR PKP MESSAGE DELAY: 0.100 s Range: FlexLogic™ operand BKR 1 FLSHOVR SPV A: MESSAGE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-171...
Page 262 52a status = 0 VAg, VBg, or VCg is greater than the pickup setting IA, IB, IC = 0; no current flows through the breaker ∆VA is greater than pickup (not applicable in this scheme) 5-172 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 263 The source selected as a setting and must be configured with breaker phase voltages and currents, even if only 3 VTs are available across the breaker. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-173...
Page 264 BRK 1 FLSHOVR DIFF V SRC: PKP: SRC 1 SRC 2 SRC 6 , … , , none ∆VA > PKP ∆ VA = VA - Va 842018A2.CDR Figure 5–105: BREAKER FLASHOVER SCHEME LOGIC 5-174 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 265 = 1 sec SETTING CONT MONITOR V_SUPV: Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS CONT MONITOR OP CONT MONITOR PKP SETTING CONT MONITOR DPO CONT MONITOR V_OP: Off = 0 827049A3.vsd Figure 5–106: CONTINUOUS MONITOR SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-175...
Page 266 CT FAIL 3I0 INPUT 2: This setting is used to select the source for the current for Input 2. Input 2 should use different set of CTs or different CT core of the same CT. Against absence at Input 2 CT source (if exists), 3I_0 current logic is built. 5-176 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 267 CT FAIL 3IO INPUT2: CT FAIL 3IO INPUT2 PKP: SRC2 3IO > PICKUP SETTING SETTING CT FAIL 3VO INPUT: CT FAIL 3VO INPUT: SRC1 3VO > PICKUP 827048A6.CDR Figure 5–107: CT FAILURE DETECTOR SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-177...
Page 268 SRC1 50DD OP SRC1 VT FUSE FAIL DPO FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OPEN POLE OP D60 only RESET Reset-dominant FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SRC1 VT FUSE FAIL VOL LOSS 827093AG.CDR Figure 5–108: VT FUSE FAIL SCHEME LOGIC 5-178 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 269: Pilot Schemes
Upon receiving the POTT RX signal, the transient blocking mech- anism allows the RX signal to be passed and aligned with the indication only for a period of time GND DIR O/C FWD GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-179...
Page 270 Typically, the output operand should be pro- grammed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. 5-180 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 271 POTT TX DELAY: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND ECHO DURATION: LINE PICKUP LEO PKP ECHO LOCKOUT: SETTING Echo duration and lockout logic POTT PERMISSIVE ECHO: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 837014A9.CDR Figure 5–109: POTT SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-181...
Page 272: Autoreclose
Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01 AR DEAD TIME 1 MESSAGE EXTENSION: 0.50 s Range: FlexLogic™ operand AR RESET: MESSAGE Range: 0 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01 AR RESET TIME: MESSAGE 60.00 s 5-182 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 273 Scheme is permitted to operate and shot count is reset to 0 Reclose In Progress Scheme has been initiated but the reclose cycle is not finished (successful or not) Lockout Scheme is not permitted to operate until reset received GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-183...
Page 274 Lockout or Reset signal appears. The three-pole initiate and three-pole time delay initiate signals are latched until the or Lockout or CLOSE BKR1 OR BKR2 Reset signal appears. 5-184 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 275 AR BKR 1(2) FAIL is set to “Continue”, the reclose process will continue with Breaker 2. At the same time the shot counter will be OPTION decreased (since the closing process was not completed). GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-185...
Page 276 The shot counter is not at 0, i.e. the scheme is not in the reset state. This ensures a second trip will be three-pole when reclosing onto a permanent single phase fault. • 1.25 cycles after the single-pole reclose is initiated by the signal. AR 1P INIT 5-186 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 277 AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2: This is the dead time following the second three-pole trip or initiated by the input. AR 3P TD INIT This intentional delay is typically used for a time delayed three-pole autoreclose (as opposed to high speed three-pole autoreclose). GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-187...
Page 278 (the scheme will reset) or unsuccessful (the scheme will go to Lockout). When set to “Lockout” the scheme will go to lockout without attempting to reclose Breaker 1. 5-188 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 279 When the breaker reclose sequence is “1-2” or “2-1” the breaker that will reclose second in sequence (Breaker 2 for sequence 1-2 and Breaker 1 for sequence 2-1) must be configured to trip three- NOTE pole for any type of fault. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-189...
Page 280 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS Figure 5–110: SINGLE-POLE AUTORECLOSE LOGIC (Sheet 1 of 3) 5-190 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 281 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS Figure 5–111: SINGLE-POLE AUTORECLOSE LOGIC (Sheet 2 of 3) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-191...
Page 282 (To sheet 1) FLEXLOGIC OPERAND BREAKER 1 ONE P OPEN FLEXLOGIC OPERAND BREAKER 2 ONE P OPEN BKR ONE POLE OPEN (To sheet 1) 827833A9.CDR Figure 5–112: SINGLE-POLE AUTORECLOSE LOGIC (Sheet 3 of 3) 5-192 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 283 5 SETTINGS 5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS Figure 5–113: EXAMPLE RECLOSING SEQUENCE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-193...
Page 284: Inputs/Outputs
The DC input voltage is compared to a user-settable threshold. A new contact input state must be maintained for a user- settable debounce time in order for the L90 to validate the new contact state. In the figure below, the debounce time is set at 2.5 ms;...
Page 285 Event Records menu, make the following settings changes: "Breaker Closed (52b)" CONTACT INPUT H5A ID: "Enabled" CONTACT INPUT H5A EVENTS: Note that the 52b contact is closed when the breaker is open and open when the breaker is closed. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-195...
Page 286: Virtual Inputs
SETTING “Virtual Input 1 to OFF = 0” VIRTUAL INPUT 1 ID: (Flexlogic Operand) SETTING Virt Ip 1 VIRTUAL INPUT 1 TYPE: Latched Self - Reset 827080A2.CDR Figure 5–115: VIRTUAL INPUTS SCHEME LOGIC 5-196 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 287: Contact Outputs
This scheme is often called ‘trip seal-in’. This can be realized in the L90 using the ‘Cont Op 1 IOn’ FlexLogic™ operand to seal-in the contact output as follows: “Cont Op 1"...
Page 288 5 SETTINGS The L90 latching output contacts are mechanically bi-stable and controlled by two separate (open and close) coils. As such they retain their position even if the relay is not powered up. The relay recognizes all latching output contact cards and pop- ulates the setting menu accordingly.
Page 289: Virtual Outputs
For example, if Virtual Output 1 is the trip signal from FlexLogic™ and the trip relay is used to signal events, the settings would be programmed as follows: "Trip" VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 ID: "Disabled" VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 EVENTS: GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-199...
Page 290: Remote Devices
Direct messages are only used between UR-series relays containing the 7X UR communications module (for example, the L90). These messages are transmitted every one-half of the power frequency cycle (10 ms for 50 Hz and 8.33 ms for 60 Hz) This facility is of particular value for pilot schemes and transfer tripping. Direct messaging is available on both single channel and dual channel communications modules.
Page 291: Remote Inputs
Logic 0. When communication resumes, the input becomes fully operational. For additional information on the GSSE specification, refer to the Remote Devices section in this chapter. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-201...
Page 292: Remote Outputs
Sync Closing SyncClsOff SyncClsOn Mode Report mode status of local GSSE device Normal Test 28→32 Reserved For more information on GSSE specifications, see the Remote Inputs/Outputs Overview in the Remote Devices section. NOTE 5-202 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 293: Direct Inputs/Outputs
DIRECT INPUT 1-X DEFAULT have logic state "1" on relay startup or during communications channel failure. When the channel is restored, the operand logic state reflects the actual state of the corresponding remote direct output. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-203...
Page 294 L90 communication channel (same for 1-2...1-8) (87L is Enabled) SETTING DIRECT OUTPUT 1-1: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND (same for 1-2...1-8) Fail DIRECT I/P 1-1 Off (Flexlogic Operand) (same for 1-2...1-8) 831024A1.CDR Figure 5–116: DIRECT INPUTS/OUTPUTS LOGIC 5-204 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 295: Resetting
RESET OP to identify the source of the command. The setting RESET OP (PUSHBUTTON) RESET OP (COMMS) RESET OP (OPERAND) shown above selects the operand that will create the operand. RESET OP (OPERAND) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-205...
Page 296: Transducer I/O
–20 to +180 MW; in this case the value would be “–20” and the DCMA INPUT H1 MIN VALUE DCMA INPUT H1 MAX value “180”. Intermediate values between the min and max values are scaled linearly. VALUE 5-206 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 297: Rtd Inputs
CTs and VTs. Each channel is assigned a slot letter followed by the row number, 1 through 8 inclusive, which is used as the channel number. Both the output range and a signal driving a given output are user-programmable via the following settings menu (an exam- ple for channel M5 is shown). GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-207...
Page 298 VT ratio = 120. The nominal current is 800 A primary and the nominal power factor is 0.90. The power is to be monitored in both importing and exporting directions and allow for 20% overload compared to the nominal. 5-208 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 299 0 to 1 mA. The VT secondary setting is 66.4 V, the VT ratio setting is 6024, and the VT connection setting is “Delta”. The voltage should be monitored in the range from 70% to 110% of nominal. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-209...
Page 300 254.03 kV 1.27 kV – • ±0.5% of reading For example, under nominal conditions, the positive-sequence reads 230.94 kV and the worst-case error is 0.005 x 230.94 kV + 1.27 kV = 2.42 kV. 5-210 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 301: Testing
The Test Mode starts when the selected operand assumes a Logic 1 state. TIATE When in Test Mode, the L90 remains fully operational, allowing for various testing procedures. In particular, the protection and control elements, FlexLogic™, and communication-based inputs and outputs function normally.
Page 302: Force Contact Outputs
USER PUSHBUTTON 1 PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION Input 1 to initiate the Test mode, make the following changes in the !" menu: SETTINGS TESTING TEST MODE “Enabled” and “ ” TEST MODE FUNCTION: TEST MODE INITIATE: 5-212 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 303 Range: Yes, No # REMOTE LOOPBACK REMOTE LOOPBACK FUNCTION: No Range: 1, 2 REMOTE LOOPBACK MESSAGE CHANNEL NUMBER: 1 Refer to the Commissioning chapter for a detailed description of using the Channel Tests. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 5-213...
Page 304 5.9 TESTING 5 SETTINGS 5-214 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 305: Channel Tests
## METERING # CURRENT # SOURCE SRC 1 See page 6-13. # SOURCE SRC 2 # SOURCE SRC 3 # SOURCE SRC 4 # SYNCHROCHECK See page 6-16. # TRACKING FREQUENCY See page 6-17. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 306 # OSCILLOGRAPHY See page 6-21. # DATA LOGGER See page 6-22. # MAINTENANCE See page 6-22. ## ACTUAL VALUES # MODEL INFORMATION See page 6-23. ## PRODUCT INFO # FIRMWARE REVISIONS See page 6-23. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 307: Contact Inputs
The state displayed will be that of the remote point unless the remote device has been established to be “Offline” in which case the value shown is the programmed default state for the remote input. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 308: Direct Inputs
For example, ‘Virt Op 1’ refers to the virtual output in terms of the default name-array index. The second line of the display indicates the logic state of the virtual output, as calculated by the FlexLogic™ equation for that output. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 309: Autoreclose
DNA or UserSt bit occurs. The SqNum number is obtained from the indicated Remote Device and is incremented whenever a GSSE message is sent. This number will rollover to zero when a count of 4,294,967,295 is incremented. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 310: Channel Tests
“Enabled”. A positive “+” sign indicates the transit delay in the CHANNEL ASYMMETRY transmitting direction is less than the delay in the receiving direction; a negative “–” sign indicates the transit delay in L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 311: Digital Counters
Range: Off, On # FLEX STATES PARAM 1: Off ↓ Range: Off, On PARAM 256: Off MESSAGE There are 256 FlexState bits available. The second line value indicates the state of the given FlexState bit. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 312: Ethernet
6.2 STATUS 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.2.13 ETHERNET !" PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS ETHERNET Range: Fail, OK # ETHERNET ETHERNET PRI LINK STATUS: OK Range: Fail, OK ETHERNET SEC LINK MESSAGE STATUS: OK L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 313: Metering Conventions
PF = Lag WATTS = Negative VARS = Positive PF = Lead PF = Lag PF = Lead Current UR RELAY 827239AC.CDR S=VI Generator Figure 6–1: FLOW DIRECTION OF SIGNED VALUES FOR WATTS AND VARS GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 314 ABC phase rotation: • ACB phase rotation: -- - V -- - V -- - V -- - V -- - V -- - V The above equations apply to currents as well. 6-10 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 315 The power system voltages are phase-referenced – for simplicity – to VAG and VAB, respectively. This, however, is a relative matter. It is important to remember that the L90 displays are always referenced as specified under SETTINGS !"...
Page 316: Differential Current
The metered current values are displayed for all line terminals in fundamental phasor form. All angles are shown with respect to the reference common for all L90 relays; i.e, frequency, source currents and voltages. The metered primary dif- ferential and restraint currents are displayed for the local relay.
Page 317: Sources
MESSAGE 0.000 0.0° # PHASE VOLTAGE SRC 1 RMS Vag: # SRC 1 0.000 SRC 1 RMS Vbg: MESSAGE 0.000 SRC 1 RMS Vcg: MESSAGE 0.000 SRC 1 PHASOR Vag: MESSAGE 0.000 0.0° GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 6-13...
Page 318 REAL POWER MESSAGE φc: 0.000 SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR MESSAGE 3φ: 0.000 SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR MESSAGE φa: 0.000 SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR MESSAGE φb: 0.000 SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR MESSAGE φc: 0.000 6-14 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 319 DMD IB MAX: MESSAGE 0.000 SRC 1 DMD IB DATE: MESSAGE 2001/07/31 16:30:07 SRC 1 DMD IC: MESSAGE 0.000 SRC 1 DMD IC MAX: MESSAGE 0.000 SRC 1 DMD IC DATE: MESSAGE 2001/07/31 16:30:07 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 6-15...
Page 320: Synchrocheck
0.00 Hz The Actual Values menu for Synchrocheck 2 is identical to that of Synchrocheck 1. If a synchrocheck function setting is "Disabled", the corresponding actual values menu item will not be displayed. 6-16 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 321: Flexelements
= maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and –IN inputs BASE SYNCHROCHECK = maximum primary RMS value of all the sources related to the +IN and –IN inputs BASE (Max Delta Volts) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 6-17...
Page 322: Transducer Inputs/Outputs
RTD INPUT xx -50 °C Actual values for each RTD input channel that is enabled are displayed with the top line as the programmed Channel ID and the bottom line as the value. 6-18 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 323: Records
= sought pu distance to fault, Z = positive sequence impedance of the line. The currents from the local and remote systems can be parted between their fault (F) and pre-fault load (pre) components: (EQ 6.2) Apre GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 6-19...
Page 324 FAULT REPORT # SRC X 50DD OP 3 SEC DATE TIME FAULT FAULT TYPE LOCATOR FAULT LOCATION 3 _0 FAULT# RECLOSE SHOT SHOT # FROM AUTO RECLOSURE 827094A4.CDR Figure 6–5: FAULT LOCATOR SCHEME 6-20 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 325: Event Records
Chapter 5 for further details. A trigger can be forced here at any time by setting "Yes" to the command. Refer to the !" FORCE TRIGGER? COMMANDS menu for clearing the oscillography records. CLEAR RECORDS GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 6-21...
Page 326: Data Logger
BKR 1 ARCING AMP !" menu for clearing breaker arcing current records. The COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS BREAKER OPERATING TIME defined as the slowest operating time of breaker poles that were initiated to open. 6-22 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 327: Product Information
BOOT DATE: MESSAGE Date and time when the boot program was built. 2004/09/15 16:41:32 The shown data is illustrative only. A modification file number of 0 indicates that, currently, no modifications have been installed. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 6-23...
Page 328 6.5 PRODUCT INFORMATION 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6-24 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 329: Commands And
" PATH: COMMANDS COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS Range: No, Yes ## COMMANDS CLEAR FAULT REPORTS? ## CLEAR RECORDS Range: No, Yes CLEAR EVENT RECORDS? Range: No, Yes CLEAR OSCILLOGRAPHY? Range: No, Yes CLEAR DATA LOGGER? GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 330 If an update occurs, the following message is shown. UPDATING... PLEASE WAIT There is no impact if there have been no changes to the hardware modules. When an update does not occur, the ORDER message will be shown. CODE NOT UPDATED L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 331: Targets Menu
In Service LED indicator is turned off • a RELAY OUT OF SERVICE event is recorded Most of the minor self-test errors can be disabled. Refer to the settings in the User-Programmable Self-Tests section in Chapter 5 for additional details. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 332 SYSTEM EXCEPTION Abnormal restart from modules Event driven. Contact the factory. being removed/inserted when powered-up, abnormal DC supply, or internal relay failure. WATCHDOG ERROR Some tasks are behind schedule. Event driven. Contact the factory. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 333: Theory Of Operation
The second major technical consideration is the restraint characteristic, which is the decision boundary between situations that are declared to be a fault and those that are not. The L90 uses an innovative adaptive decision process based on an on-line computation of the sources of measurement error. In this adaptive approach, the restraint region is an ellipse with variable major axis, minor axis, and orientation.
Page 334: Removal Of Decaying Offset
Since the sampling clocks are synchronized, the time stamp is simply a sequence number. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 335: Disturbance Detection
CT saturation is detected (see CT Saturation Detection for details); is an adaptive restraint term (see Online Estimate Of Measurement Error for details) LOC_ADA_A The squared restraining current is calculated as a sum of squared local and all remote restraints: GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 336: Clock Synchronization
A loop filter then uses the frequency and phase angle deviation information to make fine adjustments to the clock frequency. Frequency tracking starts if the current at one or more terminals is above 0.125 pu of nominal; otherwise, the nominal frequency is used. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 337: Frequency Detection
GPS (Global Positioning System) to compensate for the channel delay asymmetry. This feature requires a GPS receiver to provide a GPS clock signal to the L90 IRIG-B input. With this option there are two clocks as each terminal: a local sampling clock and a local GPS clock.
Page 338: Phase Detection
Phase angle deviation computed from currents is deemed valid whenever the currents are large enough, and when the deviation computed from the ping-pong information is below a fixed threshold (± half-cycle.) L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 339 Another source of phase information in the case of a two or three-terminal system are the current measurements. In the case of a two terminal system, phase angle deviation at a terminal is computed as follows: GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 340 Calculate 2, 2. ( T1 T2 T2 T1 ) i-3, i-2, i -1, δ θ Calculate 1, 1. Speed up Slow down 831729A2.CDR Figure 8–2: ROUND TRIP DELAY AND CLOCK OFFSET COMPUTATION FROM TIME STAMPS L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 341: Phase Locking Filter
T = the time between execution of the filter algorithm repeat = time constant for the primary phase locked loop phase = time constant for the frequency locked loop frequency GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 342: Clock Implementation
For example, it is possible to get the effective resolution of a 32 bit counter and a 400 GHz oscillator without much trouble. The concept is to implement a fractional count. The concept as applied in the L90 digital current differential relay is dis- cussed below.
Page 343: Hardware And Communication Requirements
8.1.16 ONLINE ESTIMATE OF MEASUREMENT ERRORS GE's adaptive elliptical restraint characteristic is a good approximation to the cumulative effects of various sources of error in determining phasors. Sources of error include power system noise, transients, inaccuracy in line charging current com- putation, current sensor gain, phase and saturation error, clock error, and asynchronous sampling.
Page 344: Ct Saturation Detection
The L90 applies a dedicated mechanism to cope with CT saturation and ensure security of protection for external faults. The relay dynamically increases the weight of the square of errors (the so-called ‘sigma’) portion in the total restraint quan- tity, but for external faults only.
Page 345: Charging Current Compensation
For short transmission lines the charging current is a small factor and can therefore be treated as an unknown error. In this application the L90 can be deployed with- out voltage sensors and the line charging current is included as a constant term in the total variance, increasing the differ- ential restraint current.
Page 346: Differential Element Characteristics
CT saturation may be experienced. The major difference between the L90 differential scheme and a percent differential scheme is the use of an estimate of errors in the input currents to increase the restraint parameter during faults, permitting the use of more sensitive settings than those used in the traditional scheme.
Page 347: Relay Synchronization
At least one channel failed either at 3 Terminal or 2 Terminal-1 Channel systems, or Both channels failed at 2 Terminal-2 Channels PFFL fail or suspended, Channel ID failure detected on at least one channel at either system. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 8-15...
Page 348: Operating Condition Characteristics
8.2OPERATING CONDITION CHARACTERISTICS 8.2.1 DESCRIPTION Characteristics of differential elements can be shown in the complex plane. The operating characteristics of the L90 are fundamentally dependant on the relative ratios of the local and remote current phasor magnitudes and the angles of as shown in the Restraint Characteristics figure.
Page 349 8 THEORY OF OPERATION 8.2 OPERATING CONDITION CHARACTERISTICS Figure 8–7: RESTRAINT CHARACTERISTICS GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 8-17...
Page 350: Trip Decision Example
OPERATE RESTRAINT BP=8, P=2, S1=30%, S2=50% BP=4, P=1, S1=30%, S2=50% BP=4, P=1, S1=20%, S2=40% OPERATE rem pu 831725A1.CDR Figure 8–8: SETTINGS IMPACT ON RESTRAINT CHARACTERISTIC 8-18 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 351: Application Of Settings
CTs. Ideally, CTs used for line current differential should be chosen based on good application practice as described below. If the available CTs do not meet the described criteria, the L90 will still provide good security for CT saturation for external faults.
Page 352: Calculation Example 1
= 0.008 + 0.52 = 0.528 Ω, which is less than the allowed 0.6 Ω, which is OK. The total Burden = R KNEEPOINT VOLTAGE CHECK: Use the procedure shown for Example Number 1 above. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 353: Current Differential (87L) Settings
9.2CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL (87L) SETTINGS 9.2.1 INTRODUCTION Software is available from the GE Multilin website that is helpful in selecting settings for the specific appli- cation. Checking the performance of selected element settings with respect to known power system fault parameters makes it relatively simple to choose the optimum settings for the application.
Page 354: Ct Tap
= 10.0 x 500/5 = 1000 RELAY3 RELAY3 During on-load tests, the differential current at all terminals should be the same and generally equal to the charging current, if the TAP and CT ratio settings are chosen correctly. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 355: Breaker-And-A-Half
Assume a breaker-and-the-half configuration shown in the figure below. This section provides guidance on configuring the L90 relay for this application. The L90 is equipped with 2 CT/VT modules: F8F and L8F. CTs and VTs are connected to L90 CT/VT modules as follows: –...
Page 356 For distance and backup overcurrent, make the following settings changes (enerVista UR Setup example shown): For Breaker Failure 1 and 2, make the following settings changes (enerVista UR Setup example shown): For Synchrocheck 1 and 2, make the following settings changes (enerVista UR Setup example shown): L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 357: Distributed Bus Protection
CT cable length. In other cases, there are no CTs available on the line side of the line to be protected. Taking full advantage of L90 capability to support up to 4 directly- connected CTs, the relay can be applied to protect both line and buses as shown below.
Page 358: Channel Asymmetry Compensation Using Gps
If GPS is enabled at all terminals and the GPS signal is present, the L90 compensates for the channel asymmetry. On the loss of the GPS signal, the L90 stores the last measured value of the channel asymmetry per channel and compensates for the asymmetry until the GPS clock is available.
Page 359: Compensation Method 2
Create FlexLogic™ similar to that shown below to switch the 87L element to Settings Group 2 (with most sensitive set- tings) if the L90 has a valid GPS time reference. If a GPS or 87L communications failure occurs, the L90 will switch back to Settings Group 1 with less sensitive settings.
Page 360 Set the 87L element with different differential settings for Settings Groups 1 and 2 as shown below Enable GPS compensation when the GPS signal is valid and switch to Settings Group 2 (with more sensitive settings) as shown below. 9-10 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 361: Distance Backup/Supervision
LV fault. For this system configuration, a 3-ter- minal L90 should be utilized; the third terminal is then fed from CT on the high side of the tapped transformer.
Page 362: Phase Distance
The current supervision alone would not prevent maloperation in such circumstances. It must be kept in mind that the Fuse Failure element provided on the L90 needs some time to detect fuse fail conditions. This may create a race between the Zone 2 and the Fuse Failure element. Therefore, for maximum security, it is recom- mended to both set the current supervision above the maximum load current and use the Fuse Failure function.
Page 363: Pott Signaling Scheme
This situation is encountered when it is desired to account for the zero sequence inter-circuit mutual cou- pling. This is not a problem for the ground distance elements in the L90 which do have a current reversal logic built into their design as part of the technique used to improve ground fault directionality.
Page 364: Series Compensated Lines
It is strongly rec- ommended to use a power system simulator to verify the reach settings or to use an adaptive L90 feature for dynamic reach control.
Page 365: Ground Directional Overcurrent
Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = 10 – 4 = 6 Ω; the offset cannot be higher than 6 Ω. • It is recommended to use 3.5 Ω offset impedance. • GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay 9-15...
Page 366: Lines With Tapped Transformers
The L90 protection system could be applied to lines with tapped transformer(s) even if the latter has its windings connected in a grounded wye on the line side and the transformer(s) currents are not measured by the L90 protection system. The fol- lowing approach is recommended.
Page 367: Lv-Side Faults
This may present some challenge particularly for long lines and large transformer tapped close to the substations. If the L90 system retrofits distance relays, there is a good chance that one can set the distance elements to satisfy the imposed requirements.
Page 368 9.7 LINES WITH TAPPED TRANSFORMERS 9 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS 9-18 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 369: Commissioning
G.703, and RS422. The speed is 64 Kbaud in a transparent synchronous mode with automatic synchronous character detection and CRC insertion. The Local Loopback Channel Test verifies the L90 communication modules are working properly. The Remote Loopback –4 Channel Test verifies the communication link between the relays meets requirements (BER less than 10 ).
Page 370: Clock Synchronization Tests
!" “OK” ACTUAL VALUES STATUS CHANNEL TESTS CHANNEL 1(2) STATUS: !" !" “n/a” ACTUAL VALUES STATUS CHANNEL TESTS REMOTE LOOPBACK STATUS: !" !" “OK” ACTUAL VALUES STATUS CHANNEL TESTS PFLL STATUS: 10-2 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 371: Current Differential
Download the L90 Test software from the GE Multilin website (http://www.GEindustrial.com/multilin) or contact GE Multilin for information about the L90 current differential test program which allows the user to simulate different operating conditions for verifying correct responses of the relays during commissioning activities.
Page 372: Local-Remote Relay Tests
These phasors and differential currents can be monitored at the ACTUAL VAL- !" menu where all current magnitudes and angles can be observed and con- METERING 87L DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT clusions of proper relay interconnections can be made. 10-4 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 373: Flexanalog Parameters
SRC 3 Ib RMS 6664 SRC 1 Phase AG Voltage Angle SRC 1 Vag Angle 6276 SRC 3 Phase C Current RMS SRC 3 Ic RMS 6665 SRC 1 Phase BG Voltage Magnitude SRC 1 Vbg Mag GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 374 SRC 3 Vcg RMS 7168 SRC 1 Three Phase Real Power SRC 1 P 6790 SRC 3 Phase AG Voltage Magnitude SRC 3 Vag Mag 7170 SRC 1 Phase A Real Power SRC 1 Pa L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 375 9042 Fault 1 Postfault Ph A Current Mag. Postfault Ia Mag [0] 7274 SRC 4 Phase A Reactive Power SRC 4 Qa 9044 Fault 1 Postfault Ph A Current Angle Postfault Ia Ang [0] GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 376 DCMA Inputs 3 Value DCMA Inputs 3 Value 13582 RTD Inputs 31 Value RTD Inputs 31 Value 13510 DCMA Inputs 4 Value DCMA Inputs 4 Value 13583 RTD Inputs 32 Value RTD Inputs 32 Value L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 377 FlexElement 5 Actual FlexElement 5 Value 39435 FlexElement 6 Actual FlexElement 6 Value 39437 FlexElement 7 Actual FlexElement 7 Value 39439 FlexElement 8 Actual FlexElement 8 Value 40971 Current Setting Group Active Setting Group GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 378 A.1 PARAMETER LIST APPENDIX A L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 379: Modbus Communications
Broadcast mode is only recognized when associated with Function Code 05h. For any other function code, a packet with broadcast mode slave address 0 will be ignored. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 380: Algorithm
No: go to 8; Yes: G (+) A --> A and continue. Is j = 8? No: go to 5; Yes: continue i + 1 --> i Is i = N? No: go to 3; Yes: continue A --> CRC L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 381: Modbus Function Codes
DATA #1 - low NUMBER OF REGISTERS - low DATA #2 - high CRC - low DATA #2 - low CRC - high DATA #3 - high DATA #3 - low CRC - low CRC - high GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 382: Execute Operation (Function Code 05H
DATA STARTING ADDRESS - low DATA STARTING ADDRESS - low DATA - high DATA - high DATA - low DATA - low CRC - low CRC - low CRC - high CRC - high L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 383: Store Multiple Settings (Function Code 10H
PACKET FORMAT EXAMPLE (HEX) SLAVE ADDRESS SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE FUNCTION CODE CRC - low order byte ERROR CODE CRC - high order byte CRC - low order byte CRC - high order byte GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 384: File Transfers
Cleared Date to the present date and time. To read binary COMTRADE oscillography files, read the following filenames: OSCnnnn.CFG and OSCnnn.DAT Replace “nnn” with the desired oscillography trigger number. For ASCII format, use the following file names OSCAnnnn.CFG and OSCAnnn.DAT L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 385: Modbus Password Operation
READING FAULT REPORT FILES Fault report data has been available via the L90 file retrieval mechanism since UR firmware version 2.00. The file name is faultReport#####.htm. The ##### refers to the fault report record number. The fault report number is a counter that indicates how many fault reports have ever occurred.
Page 386: Memory Mapping
...Repeated for module number 23 0417 ...Repeated for module number 24 0418 ...Repeated for module number 25 0419 ...Repeated for module number 26 041A ...Repeated for module number 27 041B ...Repeated for module number 28 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 387 ...Repeated for module number 3 155D ...Repeated for module number 4 1561 ...Repeated for module number 5 1565 ...Repeated for module number 6 1569 ...Repeated for module number 7 156D ...Repeated for module number 8 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 388 Time of newest available samples 0 to 4294967295 seconds F050 161D Data Logger Duration 0 to 999.9 DAYS F001 L90 Channel Status (Read Only) 1620 Channel 1 Status 0 to 2 F134 1 (OK) 1621 Channel 1 Number of lost packets 0 to 65535...
Page 389 Source Power (Read Only) (6 modules) 1C00 Three Phase Real Power -1000000000000 to 0.001 F060 1000000000000 1C02 Phase A Real Power -1000000000000 to 0.001 F060 1000000000000 1C04 Phase B Real Power -1000000000000 to 0.001 F060 1000000000000 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-11...
Page 390 Demand Watt 0 to 999999.999 0.001 F060 1E08 Demand Var 0 to 999999.999 0.001 F060 1E0A Demand Va 0 to 999999.999 0.001 F060 1E0C Reserved (4 items) F001 1E10 ...Repeated for module number 2 B-12 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 391 21E6 ...Repeated for module number 2 Breaker Arcing Current Commands (Read/Write Command) (2 modules) 2224 Breaker 1 Arcing Current Clear Command 0 to 1 F126 0 (No) 2225 ...Repeated for module number 2 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-13...
Page 392 0 to 999999.999 0.001 F060 2488 Terminal 1 IB Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 0.001 F060 248A Terminal 1 IC Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 0.001 F060 248C Terminal 2 IA Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 0.001 F060 B-14 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 393 ...Repeated for module number 3 3036 ...Repeated for module number 4 3038 ...Repeated for module number 5 303A ...Repeated for module number 6 303C ...Repeated for module number 7 303E ...Repeated for module number 8 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-15...
Page 394 ...Repeated for module number 4 34F4 ...Repeated for module number 5 34F5 ...Repeated for module number 6 34F6 ...Repeated for module number 7 34F7 ...Repeated for module number 8 34F8 ...Repeated for module number 9 B-16 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 395 Invoke and Scroll Through User Display Menu Operand 0 to 65535 F300 LED Test (Read/Write Setting) 4048 LED Test Function 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) 4049 LED Test Control 0 to 65535 F300 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-17...
Page 396 DNP Client Address 3 0 to 4294967295 F003 40BC DNP Client Address 4 0 to 4294967295 F003 40BE DNP Client Address 5 0 to 4294967295 F003 40C0 DNP Communications Reserved (8 items) 0 to 1 F001 B-18 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 397 Oscillography Digital Channel n (63 items) 0 to 65535 F300 Trip and Alarm LEDs (Read/Write Setting) 4260 Trip LED Input FlexLogic Operand 0 to 65535 F300 4261 Alarm LED Input FlexLogic Operand 0 to 65535 F300 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-19...
Page 398 ...Repeated for module number 46 42DC ...Repeated for module number 47 42DE ...Repeated for module number 48 Installation (Read/Write Setting) 43E0 Relay Programmed State 0 to 1 F133 0 (Not Programmed) 43E1 Relay Name F202 “Relay-1” B-20 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 399 0 to 5 F167 0 (SRC 1) 4603 Frequency Tracking Function 0 to 1 F102 1 (Enabled) L90 Power System (Read/Write Setting) 4610 L90 Number of Terminals 2 to 3 F001 4611 L90 Number of Channels 1 to 2 F001...
Page 400 FlexCurve A (120 items) 0 to 65535 F011 48F0 FlexCurve B (120 items) 0 to 65535 F011 Modbus User Map (Read/Write Setting) 4A00 Modbus Address Settings for User Map (256 items) 0 to 65535 F001 B-22 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 401 ...Repeated for module number 3 5818 ...Repeated for module number 4 5820 ...Repeated for module number 5 5828 ...Repeated for module number 6 5830 ...Repeated for module number 7 5838 ...Repeated for module number 8 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-23...
Page 402 F109 0 (Self-reset) 5A09 Phase IOC1 Events 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) 5A0A Reserved (6 items) 0 to 1 F001 5A10 ...Repeated for module number 2 5A20 ...Repeated for module number 3 B-24 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 403 0 (Phasor) 5D03 Ground TOC1 Pickup 0 to 30 0.001 F001 1000 5D04 Ground TOC1 Curve 0 to 16 F103 0 (IEEE Mod Inv) 5D05 Ground TOC1 Multiplier 0 to 600 0.01 F001 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-25...
Page 404 ...Repeated for module number 9 5E90 ...Repeated for module number 10 5EA0 ...Repeated for module number 11 5EB0 ...Repeated for module number 12 L90 Trip Logic (Read/Write Grouped Setting) 5EE0 87L Trip Function 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) 5EE1...
Page 405 F109 0 (Self-reset) 6136 Continuous Monitor Events 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (2 modules) 6300 Negative Sequence TOC1 Function 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-27...
Page 406 0.1 to 500 ohms 0.01 F001 10000 65DE Power Swing Detect Inner Right Blinder 0.1 to 500 ohms 0.01 F001 10000 65DF Power Swing Detect Inner Left Blinder 0.1 to 500 ohms 0.01 F001 10000 B-28 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 407 7001 Phase UV1 Signal Source 0 to 5 F167 0 (SRC 1) 7002 Phase UV1 Pickup 0 to 3 0.001 F001 1000 7003 Phase UV1 Curve 0 to 1 F111 0 (Definite Time) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-29...
Page 408 Breaker Failure 1 Timer 2 Pickup 0 to 65.535 0.001 F001 7213 Breaker Failure 1 Use Timer 3 0 to 1 F126 1 (Yes) 7214 Breaker Failure 1 Timer 3 Pickup 0 to 65.535 0.001 F001 B-30 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 409 0 to 1 F179 0 (Neg Sequence) 72A3 Neg Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 Forward ECA 0 to 90 ° Lag F002 72A4 Neg Seq Directional Overcurrent 1 Forward Limit Angle 40 to 90 degrees F001 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-31...
Page 410 ...Repeated for module number 17 7498 ...Repeated for module number 18 74B0 ...Repeated for module number 19 74C8 ...Repeated for module number 20 74E0 ...Repeated for module number 21 74F8 ...Repeated for module number 22 B-32 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 411 ...Repeated for module number 42 77E0 ...Repeated for module number 43 77F0 ...Repeated for module number 44 7800 ...Repeated for module number 45 7810 ...Repeated for module number 46 7820 ...Repeated for module number 47 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-33...
Page 412 F002 Neutral Overvoltage (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (3 modules) 7F00 Neutral Overvoltage 1 Function 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) 7F01 Neutral Overvoltage 1 Signal Source 0 to 5 F167 0 (SRC 1) B-34 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 413 0 to 65.535 0.001 F001 9010 FlexElement 1 Reset Delay 0 to 65.535 0.001 F001 9011 FlexElement 1 Block 0 to 65535 F300 9012 FlexElement 1 Target 0 to 2 F109 0 (Self-reset) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-35...
Page 414 ...Repeated for module number 16 9360 ...Repeated for module number 17 9366 ...Repeated for module number 18 936C ...Repeated for module number 19 9372 ...Repeated for module number 20 9378 ...Repeated for module number 21 B-36 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 415 F001 A401 Selector 2 Position 1 to 7 F001 Selector Switch (Read/Write Setting) (2 modules) A410 Selector 1 Function 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) A411 Selector 1 Range 1 to 7 F001 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-37...
Page 416 0 (Disabled) B01D Digital Element 1 Reserved (3 items) F001 B020 ...Repeated for module number 2 B040 ...Repeated for module number 3 B060 ...Repeated for module number 4 B080 ...Repeated for module number 5 B-38 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 417 ...Repeated for module number 13 C068 ...Repeated for module number 14 C070 ...Repeated for module number 15 C078 ...Repeated for module number 16 C080 ...Repeated for module number 17 C088 ...Repeated for module number 18 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-39...
Page 418 ...Repeated for module number 67 C218 ...Repeated for module number 68 C220 ...Repeated for module number 69 C228 ...Repeated for module number 70 C230 ...Repeated for module number 71 C238 ...Repeated for module number 72 B-40 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 419 ...Repeated for module number 14 C770 ...Repeated for module number 15 C780 ...Repeated for module number 16 C790 ...Repeated for module number 17 C7A0 ...Repeated for module number 18 C7B0 ...Repeated for module number 19 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-41...
Page 420 ...Repeated for module number 33 CEA0 ...Repeated for module number 34 CEB0 ...Repeated for module number 35 CEC0 ...Repeated for module number 36 CED0 ...Repeated for module number 37 CEE0 ...Repeated for module number 38 B-42 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 421 ...Repeated for module number 8 D310 ...Repeated for module number 9 D320 ...Repeated for module number 10 D330 ...Repeated for module number 11 D340 ...Repeated for module number 12 D350 ...Repeated for module number 13 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-43...
Page 422 ...Repeated for module number 61 D660 ...Repeated for module number 62 D670 ...Repeated for module number 63 D680 ...Repeated for module number 64 Reset (Read/Write Setting) D800 FlexLogic operand which initiates a reset 0 to 65535 F300 B-44 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 423 F144 0 (Disabled) Force Contact Outputs (Read/Write Setting) D910 Force Contact Output x State (64 items) 0 to 3 F131 0 (Disabled) L90 Channel Tests (Read/Write) DA00 Local Loopback Function 0 to 1 F126 0 (No) DA01 Local Loopback Channel...
Page 424 ...Repeated for module number 44 E1B0 ...Repeated for module number 45 E1B4 ...Repeated for module number 46 E1B8 ...Repeated for module number 47 E1BC ...Repeated for module number 48 E1C0 ...Repeated for module number 49 B-46 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 425 Remote Output UserSt 1 Operand 0 to 65535 F300 E681 Remote Output UserSt 1 Events 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) E682 Remote Output UserSt 1 Reserved (2 items) 0 to 1 F001 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-47...
Page 426 ...Repeated for module number 27 E6EC ...Repeated for module number 28 E6F0 ...Repeated for module number 29 E6F4 ...Repeated for module number 30 E6F8 ...Repeated for module number 31 E6FC ...Repeated for module number 32 B-48 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 427: Data Formats
Positive values indicate lagging power factor; negative values indi- cate leading. PHASE BREAKER SEQUENCE F082 0 = 1, 1 = 2, 2 = 1 & 2, 3 = 1 – 2, 4 = 2 – 1 ENUMERATION: AUTORECLOSE SINGLE-PHASE / THREE- GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-49...
Page 428 ENUMERATION: IRIG-B SIGNAL TYPE IAC Ext Inv FlexCurve™ D 0 = None, 1 = DC Shift, 2 = Amplitude Modulated IAC Very Inv F115 ENUMERATION: BREAKER STATUS 0 = Auxiliary A, 1 = Auxiliary B B-50 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 429 Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 F122 Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent 2 ENUMERATION: ELEMENT INPUT SIGNAL TYPE Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 0 = Phasor, 1 = RMS Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 2 Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 3 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-51...
Page 430 Open Pole Detector Non-volatile Latch 6 50DD Disturbance Detector Non-volatile Latch 7 Continuous Monitor Non-volatile Latch 8 CT Failure Non-volatile Latch 9 87L Trip (Current Differential Trip) Non-volatile Latch 10 Stub Bus Non-volatile Latch 11 B-52 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 431 3 = 3 x 64 cycles, 4 = 1 x 128 cycles F126 F138 ENUMERATION: NO/YES CHOICE ENUMERATION: OSCILLOGRAPHY FILE TYPE 0 = No, 1 = Yes 0 = Data File, 1 = Configuration File, 2 = Header File GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-53...
Page 432 UR_UINT32: 32 BIT ERROR CODE (F141 specifies bit number) A bit value of 0 = no error, 1 = error ABCG F144 ENUMERATION: FORCED CONTACT INPUT STATE 0 = Disabled, 1 = Open, 2 = Closed B-54 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 433 0 = Vn, 1 = Vag, 2 = Vbg, 3 = Vcg, 4 = Vab, 5 = Vbc, 6 = Vca F167 ENUMERATION: SIGNAL SOURCE 0 = SRC 1, 1 = SRC 2, 2 = SRC 3, 3 = SRC 4, 4 = SRC 5, 5 = SRC 6 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-55...
Page 434 ENUMERATION: PHASE LETTERS 32 samples/cycle 0 = A, 1 = B, 2 = C 64 samples/cycle F185 ENUMERATION: PHASE A,B,C, GROUND SELECTOR 0 = A, 1 = B, 2 = C, 3 = G B-56 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 435 ENUMERATION: NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT Elements 385 to 400 OPERATING CURRENT Elements 401 to 406 0 = Calculated 3I0, 1 = Measured IG Elements 417 to 432 Elements 433 to 448 Elements 449 to 464 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-57...
Page 436 0 = Test Enumeration 0, 1 = Test Enumeration 1 Self Tests 1 to 16 Self Tests 17 to 32 F223 ENUMERATION: L90 DIAGNOSTIC TEST F199 0 = No Test, 1 = Run Test, 2 = End Test ENUMERATION: DISABLED/ENABLED/CUSTOM...
Page 437 X is bit [X mod 16] in register [X/16]. Operate CA Timed Operate IAB Operate IBC Operate ICA F509 BITFIELD: SIMPLE ELEMENT STATE 0 = Operate F510 BITFIELD: 87L ELEMENT STATE bitmask 87L Element State Operate A Operate B GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-59...
Page 438 0 = LEVEL, 1 = DELTA bitmask Default Variation F517 ENUMERATION: ELEMENT DIRECTION OPERATION 0 = OVER, 1 = UNDER F518 ENUMERATION: FLEXELEMENT™ UNITS 0 = Milliseconds, 1 = Seconds, 2 = Minutes B-60 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 439 UR_UINT16: FLEXANALOG PARAMETER Corresponds to the modbus address of the value used when this parameter is selected. Only certain values may be used as Flex- Analogs (basically all metering quantities used in protection) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay B-61...
Page 440 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B B-62 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 441: Interoperability Document
Address Field of the Link: Balanced Transmision Not Present (Balanced Transmission Only) Unbalanced Transmission One Octet Two Octets Structured Unstructured Frame Length (maximum length, number of octets): Not selectable in companion IEC 60870-5-104 standard GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 442 <18> := Packed start events of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TB_1 <19> := Packed output circuit information of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TC_1 Ë <20> := Packed single-point information with status change detection M_SP_NA_1 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 443 <103> := Clock synchronization command (see Clause 7.6 in standard) C_CS_NA_1 <104> := Test command C_TS_NA_1 Ë <105> := Reset process command C_RP_NA_1 <106> := Delay acquisition command C_CD_NA_1 Ë <107> := Test command with time tag CP56Time2a C_TS_TA_1 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 444 Blank boxes indicate functions or ASDU not used. • ‘X’ if only used in the standard direction TYPE IDENTIFICATION CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION MNEMONIC <1> M_SP_NA_1 <2> M_SP_TA_1 <3> M_DP_NA_1 <4> M_DP_TA_1 <5> M_ST_NA_1 <6> M_ST_TA_1 <7> M_BO_NA_1 <8> M_BO_TA_1 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 445 <21> M_ME_ND_1 <30> M_SP_TB_1 <31> M_DP_TB_1 <32> M_ST_TB_1 <33> M_BO_TB_1 <34> M_ME_TD_1 <35> M_ME_TE_1 <36> M_ME_TF_1 <37> M_IT_TB_1 <38> M_EP_TD_1 <39> M_EP_TE_1 <40> M_EP_TF_1 <45> C_SC_NA_1 <46> C_DC_NA_1 <47> C_RC_NA_1 <48> C_SE_NA_1 <49> C_SE_NB_1 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 446 <102> C_RD_NA_1 <103> C_CS_NA_1 <104> C_TS_NA_1 <105> C_RP_NA_1 <106> C_CD_NA_1 <107> C_TS_TA_1 <110> P_ME_NA_1 <111> P_ME_NB_1 <112> P_ME_NC_1 <113> P_AC_NA_1 <120> F_FR_NA_1 <121> F_SR_NA_1 <122> F_SC_NA_1 <123> F_LS_NA_1 <124> F_AF_NA_1 <125> F_SG_NA_1 <126> F_DR_TA_1*) L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 447 Long pulse duration (duration determined by a system parameter in the outstation) Ë Persistent output Ë Supervision of maximum delay in command direction of commands and setpoint commands Ë Maximum allowable delay of commands and setpoint commands: 10 s GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 448 Transmission of sequences of events Transmission of sequences of recorded analog values Ë File transfer in control direction: Transparent file Ë Background scan: Background scan Ë Acquisition of transmission delay: Acquisition of transmission delay L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 449 The suitable selection of documents from RFC 2200 defined in this standard for given projects has to be chosen by the user of this standard. Ethernet 802.3 Ë Serial X.21 interface Ë Ë Other selection(s) from RFC 2200 (list below if selected) GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 450: Point List
Fault 1 Prefault Phase C Current Angle degrees 2043 SRC 1 Auxiliary Voltage Angle degrees 2089 Fault 1 Prefault Phase A Voltage Magnitude 2044 SRC 1 Zero Sequence Voltage Magnitude 2090 Fault 1 Prefault Phase A Voltage Angle degrees C-10 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 451 1131 2139 Op Square Current IA M_IT_NA_1 Points 2140 Op Square Current IB 4000 Digital Counter 1 Value 2141 Op Square Current IC 4001 Digital Counter 2 Value 2142 Restraint Square Current IA GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay C-11...
Page 452 POINT DESCRIPTION UNITS 4002 Digital Counter 3 Value 4003 Digital Counter 4 Value 4004 Digital Counter 5 Value 4005 Digital Counter 6 Value 4006 Digital Counter 7 Value 4007 Digital Counter 8 Value C-12 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 453: Dnp Communications
2048 Maximum Data Link Re-tries: Maximum Application Layer Re-tries: None None Ë Ë Fixed at 2 Configurable Ë Ë Configurable Ë Requires Data Link Layer Confirmation: Ë Never Always Ë Sometimes Ë Configurable Ë GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 454 FlexLogic™. The On/Off times and Count value are ignored. “Pulse Off” and “Latch Off” operations put the appropriate Virtual Input into the “Off” state. “Trip” and “Close” operations both put the appropriate Virtual Input into the “On” state. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 455: Counters
Default Object: Ë 16 Bits (Counter 8) Default Variation: 1 32 Bits (Counters 0 to 7, 9) Ë Point-by-point list attached Ë Other Value: _____ Ë Point-by-point list attached Ë Sends Multi-Fragment Responses: Ë Ë GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 456: D.1.2 Implementation Table
Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change- event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the L90 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 457 Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change- event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the L90 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 458 Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change- event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the L90 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted. L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 459 Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change- event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the L90 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted. GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 460: D.2.1 Binary Inputs
Virtual Input 25 Virtual Output 23 Virtual Input 26 Virtual Output 24 Virtual Input 27 Virtual Output 25 Virtual Input 28 Virtual Output 26 Virtual Input 29 Virtual Output 27 Virtual Input 30 Virtual Output 28 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 461 Contact Input 6 Contact Input 53 Contact Input 7 Contact Input 54 Contact Input 8 Contact Input 55 Contact Input 9 Contact Input 56 Contact Input 10 Contact Input 57 Contact Input 11 Contact Input 58 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 462 Contact Output 51 Contact Output 5 Contact Output 52 Contact Output 6 Contact Output 53 Contact Output 7 Contact Output 54 Contact Output 8 Contact Output 55 Contact Output 9 Contact Output 56 D-10 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 463 Remote Device 2 Load Encroachment Remote Device 3 POTT Remote Device 4 Power Swing Detect Remote Device 5 Source 1 VT Fuse Failure Remote Device 6 Source 2 VT Fuse Failure Remote Device 7 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay D-11...
Page 464 LED State 10 (CURRENT) Non-Volatile Latch 2 LED State 11 (FREQUENCY) Non-Volatile Latch 3 LED State 12 (OTHER) Non-Volatile Latch 4 LED State 13 (PHASE A) Non-Volatile Latch 5 LED State 14 (PHASE B) D-12 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 465 User-Programmable Pushbutton 2 User-Programmable Pushbutton 3 User-Programmable Pushbutton 4 User-Programmable Pushbutton 5 User-Programmable Pushbutton 6 User-Programmable Pushbutton 7 User-Programmable Pushbutton 8 User-Programmable Pushbutton 9 User-Programmable Pushbutton 10 User-Programmable Pushbutton 11 User-Programmable Pushbutton 12 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay D-13...
Page 466: D.2.2 Binary And Control Relay Outputs
Virtual Input 22 Virtual Input 23 Virtual Input 24 Virtual Input 25 Virtual Input 26 Virtual Input 27 Virtual Input 28 Virtual Input 29 Virtual Input 30 Virtual Input 31 Virtual Input 32 D-14 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 467: D.2.3 Counters
Events Since Last Clear A counter freeze command has no meaning for counters 8 and 9. L90 Digital Counter values are represented as 32-bit inte- gers. The DNP 3.0 protocol defines counters to be unsigned integers. Care should be taken when interpreting negative counter values.
Page 468: D.2.4 Analog Inputs
Deadbands for individual Analog Input Points can be set using DNP Object 34. When using the L90 in DNP systems with limited memory, the Analog Input Points below may be replaced with a user- definable list. This user-definable list uses the same settings as the Modbus User Map and can be configured with the Mod- bus User Map settings.
Page 469 Fault 1 Postfault Phase A Voltage Magnitude SRC 1 Three Phase Real Power Fault 1 Postfault Phase A Voltage Angle SRC 1 Phase A Real Power Fault 1 Postfault Phase B Voltage Magnitude GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay D-17...
Page 470 DCMA Inputs 2 Value DCMA Inputs 3 Value DCMA Inputs 4 Value RTD Inputs 1 Value RTD Inputs 2 Value RTD Inputs 3 Value RTD Inputs 4 Value Tracking Frequency FlexElement 1 Actual FlexElement 2 Actual D-18 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 471: Change Notes
09 February 2004 URX-115 1601-0081-G1 4.0x 23 March 2004 URX-123 1601-0081-G2 4.0x 17 May 2004 URX-136 1601-0081-H1 4.2x 30 June 2004 URX-145 1601-0081-H2 4.2x 16 July 2004 URX-151 1601-0081-J1 4.4x 15 September 2004 URX-156 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 472: Changes To The L90 Manual
E.1 CHANGE NOTES APPENDIX E E.1.2 CHANGES TO THE L90 MANUAL Table E–2: MAJOR UPDATES FOR L90 MANUAL REVISION J1 PAGE PAGE CHANGE DESCRIPTION (H2) (J1) Title Title Update Manual part number to 1601-0109-J1 5-16 Remove Removed UCA/MMS PROTOCOL sub-section...
Page 473 APPENDIX E E.1 CHANGE NOTES Table E–5: MAJOR UPDATES FOR L90 MANUAL REVISION G2 PAGE PAGE CHANGE DESCRIPTION (G1) (G2) Title Title Update Manual part number to 1601-0081-G2 Update Updated TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM to 831782A2 Table E–6: MAJOR UPDATES FOR L90 MANUAL REVISION G1...
Page 474: Abbreviations
FDH....Fault Detector high-set MVA ....MegaVolt-Ampere (total 3-phase) FDL ....Fault Detector low-set MVA_A ... MegaVolt-Ampere (phase A) FLA....Full Load Current MVA_B ... MegaVolt-Ampere (phase B) FO ....Fiber Optic MVA_C... MegaVolt-Ampere (phase C) L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 475 ....With Option RST ....Reset WRT....With Respect To RSTR ..... Restrained RTD....Resistance Temperature Detector X .....Reactance RTU....Remote Terminal Unit XDUCER..Transducer RX (Rx) ..Receive, Receiver XFMR....Transformer s ..... second Z......Impedance, Zone S..... Sensitive GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 476: Warranty
24 months from date of shipment from factory. In the event of a failure covered by warranty, GE Multilin will undertake to repair or replace the relay providing the warrantor determined that it is defective and it is returned with all transportation charges prepaid to an authorized service centre or the factory.
Page 477 C37.94 COMMUNICATIONS ........3-29, 3-30 logic ............5-190, 5-191, 5-192 CE APPROVALS .............. 2-21 Modbus registers ..........B-14, B-29 CHANGES TO L90 MANUAL ..........E-2 sequence ..............5-193 CHANGES TO MANUAL ..........E-2, E-3 settings ......5-182, 5-185, 5-186, 5-187, 5-189 CHANNEL ASYMMETRY specifications ..............
Page 478 Modbus registers .......... B-9, B-15, B-43 Modbus registers ..........B-10, B-19 module assignments ............3-11 settings ................5-22 settings ............... 5-197 specifications ..............2-16 wiring ................3-13 via COMTRADE .............. B-6 CONTINUOUS MONITOR DATE ................7-2 FlexLogic™ operands ............ 5-57 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 479 Modbus registers ............B-10 description ..............5-203 settings ................. 5-13 logic ................5-204 specifications ..............2-19 settings ............... 5-204 EVENT CAUSE INDICATORS ..........4-5 DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP ......... 2-8, 10-4 EVENT RECORDER DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 480 FLEX STATE PARAMETERS actual values ..............6-7 Modbus registers ..........B-15, B-35 G.703 ............ 3-23, 3-24, 3-25, 3-28 settings ................. 5-31 GE TYPE IAC CURVES ..........5-111 specifications..............2-15 GROUND CURRENT METERING ........6-13 FLEXANALOG PARAMETER LIST ........A-1 GROUND DIRECTIONAL SUPERVISION ......5-97 FLEXCURVES™...
Page 481 PHASE, GROUND, and NEUTRAL IOC entries description ............... 2-9 IP ADDRESS ..............5-13 frequency ..............2-17 IRIG-B power ................2-17 connection ..............3-20 voltage ................2-17 settings ................. 5-19 METERING CONVENTIONS ..........6-10 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 482 FlexLogic™ operands ............ 5-58 via enerVista software ............. 4-2 logic ................5-128 OST ................ 2-15, 5-99 Modbus registers ............B-27 OUT-OF-STEP TRIPPING ........2-15, 5-99 settings ............... 5-128 OUTPUTS specifications..............2-13 contact outputs .......... 3-11, 3-13, 5-197 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 483 ..............2-15 logic ................5-118 POWER SYSTEM phase A polarization ............ 5-116 Modbus registers ............B-21 settings ............. 5-116, 5-117 settings for L90 .............. 5-40 specifications ..............2-14 PREFERENCES PHASE DISTANCE Modbus registers ............B-18 FlexLogic™ operands ............ 5-59 PRODUCT INFORMATION ........6-23, B-8...
Page 484 ................3-27 Modbus registers ............B-26 two-channel application ..........3-26 settings ................5-77 with fiber interface ............3-28 RS485 SUPERVISING ELEMENTS ..........5-148 SURGE IMMUNITY ............2-21 communications ............. 3-18 SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS METERING .....6-10 description..............3-19 viii L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...
Page 485 WARRANTY ..............E-6 UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED ..........5-34 WATT-HOURS ............2-17, 6-15 UNPACKING THE RELAY ..........1-1 WEB SERVER PROTOCOL ..........5-17 UPDATING ORDER CODE ..........7-2 WEBSITE ................1-1 URPC WIRING DIAGRAM ............. 3-6 GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay...
Page 486 INDEX ZERO-SEQUENCE CURRENT REMOVAL ......5-42 ZERO SEQUENCE CORE BALANCE ........3-9 L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin...

GE L90 Instruction Manual

1 Getting Started

Important Procedures

Ur Overview

Enervista Ur Setup Software

Ur Hardware

Using the Relay

2 Product Description

Introduction

Pilot Channel Relaying

Functionality

Specifications

3 Hardware

Description

Wiring

L90 Channel Communication

4 Human Interfaces

Enervista Ur Setup Software Interface

Faceplate Interface

5 Settings

Overview

Product Setup

System Setup

Flexlogic

Grouped Elements

Control Elements

Inputs/Outputs

Transducer I/O

Testing

6 Actual Values

Status

Overview

Records

Product Information

7 Commands and

Commands

8 Theory of Operation

Overview

Operating Condition Characteristics

9 Application of Settings

Ct Requirements

Current Differential (87L) Settings

Channel Asymmetry Compensation Using Gps

Distance Backup/Supervision

Pott Signaling Scheme

Series Compensated Lines

Lines with Tapped Transformers

10 Commissioning

Testing

Flexanalog Parameters

Modbus Communications

Modbus Function Codes

File Transfers

Quick Links

Related Manuals for GE L90

Summary of Contents for GE L90