Application - Hitachi Relion 670 Series Product Manual

Phasor measurement unit RES670
Version 2.2

2. Application

RES670 is a Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) that provides
power system AC voltages and currents as phasors for all
voltage levels in power system networks. Phasors are
provided as real and imaginary or as magnitude and phase
angle. The reference for the phase angle may be either a
PTP time synchronization source or the NavStar Global
Positioning System - GPS, both supplying highly accurate
time and date. The measured data in each PMU is time
synchronized via one of the mentioned time synchronization
sources - with an accuracy of one microsecond - and
transmitted to Phasor Data Concentrators (every 100
milliseconds, for example). The accurate time tagging of
measurements taken at different geographical locations
makes it possible to derive the synchronized phasor
quantities (synchrophasors). Based on synchrophasors, a
number of power system applications are available.
The PMUs are installed at substation level, and can be
connected directly to the current and voltage transformers
within the substations. Each RES670 may be fitted with
different options for time synchronization: PTP via the
Ethernet network, via the GPS system with an own antenna
for the RES670, or via the IRIG-B signal received from an
external GPS-based clock. It is also possible to have a
combination of the three to provide time synchronization
redundancy for the PMU. RES670 streams out its
synchrophasor data according to IEEE C37.118 and/or
IEEE 1344 standards for synchrophasor data streaming and
with user-selectable reporting rates. RES670 supports
reporting rates of 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 frames per
second for 50Hz system (or 10, 12, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240
frames per second for 60Hz system). Each RES670 can
communicate its synchrophasor data to up to eight
independent clients over TCP and/or six independent UDP
channels (unicast/multicast), simultaneously. More
information is available in RES670 Application Manual
under Wide Area Measurement System. section.
In addition to the synchrophasor communication standard
(IEEE 1344, IEEE C37.118), RES670 is also compliant to
IEC 61850-8-1 standard for integration to substation
automation systems and exchange of GOOSE messages,
when necessary. RES670 is able to communicate over IEC
62439-3 PRP for redundant station bus communication for
both IEEE C37.118 and IEC 61850-8-1, simultaneously.
Figure 1 shows an example of a system architecture for a
Wide Area Monitoring System (WAMS). PMUs are the
building blocks for a WAMS. The architecture of a WAMS
consists of the following main components:
• PMU Phasor Measurement Unit, including all accessories
for time synchronization
• TCP/IP and/or UDP/IP communication network infra-
structure
• PDC Phasor Data Concentrator, including wide area
applications
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Visualization
(Applications)
Phasor Data Concentrator
PDC
Gateway to other Utilities
TCP/IP communication network
PMU protocol IEEE C37.118
Router Router
PTP or
PTP or PTP or
GPS/IRIG-B
GPS/IRIG-B GPS/IRIG-B
PMU PMU PMU
Substation 1 Substation 2
IEC140000114 V2 EN-US
Figure 1. Wide Area Monitoring System architecture — overview
A Wide Area Monitoring System collects, stores, transmits
and provides ways to analyze critical data from key points
across the power networks and over large geographical
areas. The architecture of the WAMS can provide a scalable
solution, from small installations for data collection and
basic visualization (PDC) to larger systems with intelligent
monitoring using wide area applications. The Wide Area
Monitoring applications are designed to detect abnormal
system conditions and evaluate large area disturbances in
order to preserve system integrity and maintain acceptable
power system performance.
The WAMS is configured in a way to acquire synchrophasor
data from several PMUs. Based on the data collected in the
PDCs, WAMS is able to present the state of the grid to the
power system operator, and to provide monitoring of the
power system based on real-time measurements and the
results of on-line applications. In addition, the data available
from PDCs enables off-line analysis of the power system for
post-disturbance assessments. It is possible to
communicate the PMU measurements and the results of the
advanced applications to SCADA/EMS systems as a way to
improve the supervision of the system, providing the
operator with a clear indication how likely the system is to
collapse, thus giving the possibility to react in time.
Forcing of binary inputs and outputs is a convenient way to
test wiring in substations as well as testing configuration
logic in the IEDs. Basically it means that all binary inputs
and outputs on the IED I/O modules (BOM, BIM, IOM &
SOM) can be forced to arbitrary values.
IED supports COMTRADE1999 and COMTRADE2013
formats which can be selected in Parameter Setting Tool
(PST) of PCM600 or via LHMI.
Central Account Management is an authentication
infrastructure that offers a secure solution for enforcing
access control to IEDs and other systems within a
substation. This incorporates management of user
1MRK 511 410-BEN P
Interface to
SCADA / EMS
Data Storage and Event
Driven Archiving
Router Router
PTP or PTP or PTP or
GPS/IRIG-B GPS/IRIG-B GPS/IRIG-B
PMU PMU PMU
Substation 3 Substation N
IEC140000114-2-en.vsd
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